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Li Q, Deng H, He R, Hu S, Sun L, Li M, Wu QL, Zeng J. Effects of different emergent macrophytes on methane flux and rhizosphere microbial communities in wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172565. [PMID: 38642750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Emergent macrophytes are of great importance for the structure and functioning of wetland ecosystems and play a significant role in environmental improvement, element cycling, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, our understanding of how GHG fluxes differ among macrophyte species and its links with the microbial communities remain limited. In this study, we investigated the rhizosphere microbial communities (including total bacteria, methanotrophs, and methanogens) and the GHG fluxes associated with four emergent macrophytes-Phragmites australis, Thalia dealbata, Pontederia cordata, and Zizania latifolia-collected from Xuanwu Lake wetland, China. We observed the highest CH4 flux (FCH4) (9.35 ± 2.52 mg·m-2·h-1) from Z. latifolia zone, followed by P. australis, P. cordata, and T. dealbata zones (5.38 ± 1.63, 2.38 ± 2.91, and 2.02 ± 0.69 mg·m-2·h-1, respectively). Methanogenesis was methylotrophic at all sites, as the 13C-CH4 values were higher than -64 ‰ and the fractionation coefficients were lower than 1.055. We found a positive linear relationship between FCH4 and the methanogen community, in particular the relative abundances of Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina, indicating that the variations in FCH4 among the studied macrophyte-dominated zones might be attributed to the differences in rhizosphere microbial communities. The methane emissions in various macrophyte zones might be due to the higher capacity of methanogenesis compared to methane oxidation which was inhibited by nutrient-rich sediments. Our findings provide insights for selecting specific emergent macrophytes characterized by low FCH4 in wetland ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rujia He
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Siwen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qinglong L Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332899, China.
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Xiang C, Du Y, Han W, Guan B, Liu H, An Y, Liu Y, Jiang H, Chang J, Ge Y. Proper C/N ratio enhances the effect of plant diversity on nitrogen removal and greenhouse effect mitigation in floating constructed wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12036-12051. [PMID: 38225493 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Treating wastewater with low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios by constructed wetlands (CWs) is still problematic. Adding chemicals is costly and may cause secondary pollution. Configuring plant diversity in substrate-based CWs has been found to be a better way to treat low-C/N wastewater, but wastewater treatment in floating CWs needs to be studied. In this study, wastewater with C/N ratios of 5 and 10 were set in simulated floating CWs, and 9 combinations with plant species richness (SR) of 1, 3, and 4 were configured. The results showed that (1) increasing SR improved the total N mass removal (NMR) by 29% at a C/N ratio of 5 but not 10; (2) the presence of Oenanthe javanica in the microcosms increased the NMR by 13% and 20% with C/N ratios of 5 and 10, respectively; (3) increasing SR mitigated the net global warming potential (GWP) by 120% at a C/N ratio of 5 but not 10; and (4) a Hemerocallis fulva × O. javanica × Echinodorus parviflours × Iris hybrids mixture resulted in a high NMR and low net GWP. In summary, assembling plant diversity in floating CWs is an efficient and clean measure during the treatment of wastewater with a C/N ratio of 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Du
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
- Huaxin Design Group Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Han
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu An
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Sun H, Wu S, Feng S, Jiang C, Wang R, Xu S, Cui L, Zhuang X. Impact of influent strengths on nitrous oxide emission and its molecular mechanism in constructed wetlands treating swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112957. [PMID: 35167854 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) can remove nitrogen (N) through plant assimilation and microbial nitrification and denitrification, while it also releases large greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) into the atmosphere. However, N2O emissions and the underlying microbial mechanisms of CWs when treating high-strength wastewater have not been systematically surveyed. Here, the effect of three influent strengths on N2O emissions in a pilot-scale CW treatment of swine wastewater was determined and the underlying microbial mechanisms were explored. The results showed that the removal rates of ammonium (NH4+) and total nitrogen (TN) increased significantly with the increasing influent strengths, however, the ratio of N2O emission/TN removal rose by 1.5 times at the same time. Quantitation of microorganisms responsible for N-cycle in the sediment indicated that the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in high influent strengths (COD, 962.38 ± 3.05 mg/L; NH4+, 317.89 ± 4.24 mg/L) was 51.6-fold compared with that in low influent strengths (COD, 516.94 ± 4.18 mg/L; NH4+, 100.65 ± 2.65), and AOB gradually replaced ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) to dominate ammonia oxidizers. Structural equation models demonstrated that NO2- accumulations promoted the ratio of AOB/AOA, which further led to an increase in the ratio of N2O emission/TN removal. It is worth noting both the N removal rates and N2O emissions increased with the increasing influent strength. To obtain reduced N2O emissions, pretreatment technology for strength reduction should be supplemented before high-strength wastewater enters the CWs. This study may shed new light on the sustainable operation and application of CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shanghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shugeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cancan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lijuan Cui
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecological Function and Restoration, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xuliang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Li T, Wang X, Huang J, Wang Y, Song S. Distribution of ammonia oxidizers and their role in N 2 O emissions in the reservoir riparian zone. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:1179-1192. [PMID: 35730619 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As a transitional boundary between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, the riparian zone is considered a hotspot for N2 O production because of the active nitrogen processes. Ammoxidation is an important microbial pathway for N2 O production, but the distribution of ammonia oxidizers under different land-use types in the reservoir riparian zone and what role they played in N2 O emissions are still not clear. We investigated spatiotemporal distributions of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) and their role in N2 O emissions in different land-use types along the riparian zone of Miyun Reservoir: grassland, sparse woods, and woodland. We found significant differences in both AOA abundance and AOB diversity indices among land-use types. AOA and AOB communities were significantly separated by different land-use types. The main drivers to determine the distribution of ammonia-oxidizing microbial community were soil water content, NH4 + , NO3 - , and total organic carbon (TOC). In situ N2 O flux was highest in woodland with a mean value of 12.28 μg/m2 ·h, and it was substantially decreased by 121% and 123% in sparse woods and grassland. TOC content was decreased by 20% and 40% in sparse woods and grassland compared with woodland, and it was significantly positively correlated with in situ N2 O flux. Meanwhile, AOB diversity indices were significantly correlated with in situ N2 O flux. These results showed that the heterogeneity of physicochemical properties among different land-use types affected the community of AOA and AOB in riparian zones. AOB not AOA, and community diversity rather than abundance, played a role in N2 O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyu Huang
- College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubing Wang
- College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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Zhu M, Xu Y, Sang L, Zhao Z, Wang L, Wu X, Fan F, Wang Y, Li H. An ICT-based fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for measuring hydrazine in biological and water samples. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113427. [PMID: 31672354 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a strong reductant and highly active alkali, hydrazine (N2H4) has been widely used in chemical industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing and agricultural production. However, its high acute toxicity poses a threat to ecosystem and human health. In the present study, a ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of N2H4 was designed, utilizing dicyanoisophorone as the fluorescent group and 4-bromobutyryl moiety as the recognition site. 4-(2-(3-(dicyanomethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-enyl) phenyl 4-brobutanoate (DDPB) was readily synthesized and could specially sense N2H4 via an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) pathway. The cyclization cleavage reaction of N2H4 with a 4-bromobutyryl group released phenolic hydroxyl group and reversed the ICT process between hydroxy group and fluorophore, turning on the fluorescence in the DDPB-N2H4 complexes. DDPB exhibits a low cytotoxicity, reasonable cell permeability, a large Stokes shift (186 nm) and a low detection limit (86.3 nM). The quantitative determination of environmental water systems and the visualization fluorescence of DDPB test strips provides a strong evidence for the applications of DDPB. In addition, DDPB is suitable for the fluorescence imaging of exogenous N2H4 in HeLa cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yimin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Linfeng Sang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zongyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fugang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Chen X, Zhu H, Yan B, Shutes B, Xing D, Banuelos G, Cheng R, Wang X. Greenhouse gas emissions and wastewater treatment performance by three plant species in subsurface flow constructed wetland mesocosms. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124795. [PMID: 31520977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from constructed wetlands (CWs) have raised environmental concern and thus offset their environmental and ecological benefits. This study evaluated the influence of plant species, i.e., Canna indica (C. indica), Cyperus alternifolius (C. alternifolius), Phragmites australis (P. australis) and unplanted control, on GHG emissions, pollutant removal and associated microbial abundance in subsurface flow constructed wetland (SSFCW) mesocosms. C. indica outperformed the other tested plant species in pollutant removal, and the presence of plants irrespective of species enhanced the removal efficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus and organics in SSFCW mesocosms compared to unplanted control. The greatest carbon dioxide (CO2) flux (582.01 ± 89.25 mg/m2/h), methane (CH4) flux (21.88 ± 2.51 μg/m2/h) and nitrous oxide (N2O) flux (37.27 ± 15.82 μg/m2/h) were observed in mesocosms planted with C. indica, P. australis and C.alternifolius, respectively. Unexpectedly, the mcrA and pmoA genes were not detected in any mesocosms. For denitrifiers, the N2O fluxes showed a significantly (p < 0.05) positive correlation with nirS and nirK genes abundance. The abundance of nosZ gene (ranged from 0.18 × 104 to 0.75 × 104 copies/mg gravel) and nosZ/(nirS + nirK) (ranged from 1.29 × 10-4 to 2.12 × 10-4 copies/mg gravel) in this study was lower than that in most reported studies. Regarding the global warming potential (GWP), the lowest value was observed in mesocosms planted with C. indica. In conclusion, C. indica is selected as the optimal plant species in this study due to its lower GWP and excellent pollutant removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
| | - Baixing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Brian Shutes
- Urban Pollution Research Centre, Middlesex University, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Gary Banuelos
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Science Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA, 93648-9757, USA
| | - Rui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
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Kang W, Chai H, Xiang Y, Chen W, Shao Z, He Q. Assessment of low concentration wastewater treatment operations with dewatered alum sludge-based sequencing batch constructed wetland system. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17497. [PMID: 29235527 PMCID: PMC5727494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Competition of volatile fatty acids between anoxic denitrification and anaerobic phosphorus release is prominent. Therefore, low concentration wastewater has restricted effects on nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The purpose of this study is to treat dormitory sewage with a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) ranging from 50 to 150 mg/L using dewatered alum sludge-based sequencing batch constructed wetland system. Vegetation in the wetland system was chosen to be Phragmites australis. Three parallel cases were carried out to assess impacts due to different hydraulic retention time (HRT) and artificial aeration. The results showed that this system is effective in removing total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) under different HRT. However, nitrous oxide (N2O) emission poses to be the greatest challenge in the high HRT cases. Artificial aeration could reduce N2O emission but is associated with high operational cost. Results indicate that dewatered alum sludge-based sequencing batch constructed wetland system is a promising bio-measure in the treatment of low concentration wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Chai
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China. .,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
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Nag SK, Liu R, Lal R. Emission of greenhouse gases and soil carbon sequestration in a riparian marsh wetland in central Ohio. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:580. [PMID: 29063197 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands are a C sink, but they also account for a large natural source of greenhouse gases (GHG), particularly methane (CH4). Soils of wetlands play an important role in alleviating the global climate change regardless of the emission of CH4. However, there are uncertainties about the amount of C stored and emitted from wetlands because of the site specific factors. Therefore, the present study was conducted in a temperate riverine flow-through wetland, part of which was covered with emerging macrophyte Typhus latifolia in central Ohio, USA, with the objective to assess emissions of GHGs (CH4, CO2, N2O) and measure C and nitrogen (N) stocks in wetland soil in comparison to a reference upland site. The data revealed that CH4 emission from the open and vegetated wetland ranged from 1.03-0.51 Mg C/ha/y and that of CO2 varied from 1.26-1.51 Mg C/ha/y. In comparison, CH4 emission from reference upland site was negligible (0.01 Mg C/ha/y), but CO2 emission was much higher (3.24 Mg C/ha/y). The stock of C in wetland soil was 85 to 125 Mg C/ha up to 0.3 m depth. The average rate of emission was 2.15 Mg C/ha/y, but the rate of sequestration was calculated as 5.55 Mg C/ha/y. Thus, the wetland was actually a C sink. Emission of N2O was slightly higher in vegetated wetland (0.153 mg N2O-N/m2/h) than the open wetland and the reference site (0.129 mg N2O-N/m2/h). Effect of temperature on emission of GHGs from the systems was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir K Nag
- Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India.
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rattan Lal
- Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Zhou Q, Zhu H, Bañuelos G, Yan B, Liang Y, Yu J, Li H. Impacts of vegetation and temperature on the treatment of domestic sewage in constructed wetlands incorporated with Ferric-Carbon micro-electrolysis material. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:915-924. [PMID: 28318297 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1303811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferric-Carbon Micro-Electrolysis (Fe/C-M/E) material had been widely used for the pretreatment of wastewater. Therefore, we hypothesized that Fe/C-M/E material could enhance the treatment of domestic sewage when it was integrated into constructed wetlands (CWs). In this study, CWs integrated with Fe/C-M/E material were developed. Druing the experiment of effect of vegetation on the performance of CWs, percentages of NH4+-N, NO3--N, total nitrogen (TN), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removed in polyculture (W1) were up to 91.8%, 97.0%, 92.3%, and 85.4%, respectively, which were much higher than those in Lythrum salicaria monoculture (W2) and Canna indica monoculture (W3). In the experiment of temperature influences on the removal efficiency of CWs, temperature substantially influenced the performance of CWs. For example, NO3--N removal percentages of W1, W2, and W3 at high temperature (25.5°C and 19.8°C) were relatively stable and greater than 85.4%. At 8.9°C, however, a sharp decline of NO3--N removal percentage was observed in all CWs. Temperature also influenced the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal and soil microbial activity and biomass. Overall, the polyculture (Lythrum salicaria +Canna indica) showed the best performance during most of the operating time, at an average temperature ≥ 19.8°C, due to the functional complementarity between vegetation. All the CWs consistently achieved high removal efficiency (above 96%) for TP in all experiments, irrespective of vegetation types, phosphorous loadings, and temperatures. In conclusion, polyculture was an attractive solution for the treatment of domestic sewage during most of the operating time (average temperature ≥ 19.8°C). Furthermore, CWs with Fe/C-M/E material were ideally suitable for domestic sewage treatment, especially for TP removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment , Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , P.R. China
- b University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhu
- a Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment , Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Gary Bañuelos
- c USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Science Center , Parlier , CA , USA
| | - Baixing Yan
- a Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment , Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Yinxiu Liang
- a Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment , Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , P.R. China
- b University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- a Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment , Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Huai Li
- a Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment , Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , P.R. China
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Bordoloi N, Baruah KK. Effect of foliar application of plant growth regulators on nitrous oxide (N 2O) emission and grain yield in wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:10481-10492. [PMID: 28281071 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soils are the major source of global nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, and more than two thirds of N2O emission originate from soil. Recent studies have identified that green plants contribute to transport of N2O to the atmosphere. We investigated the effects of foliar application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and growth stimulating chemicals on N2O emission and wheat grain yield for 2 years. The PGRs' abscisic acid (ABA) and cytozyme (20 mg L-1), kinetin (10 and 20 mg L-1) and wet tea extract (1:20 w/w) along with distilled water as control were sprayed on wheat canopy at the tillering and panicle initiation stages. Our results showed that cytozyme and tea extract enhanced the plant dry biomass over control. Kinetin (10 and 20 mg L-1) and cytozyme increased the plant photosynthetic rate and photosynthate partitioning towards the developing grain. ABA (20 mg L-1) and kinetin (10 and 20 mg L-1) reduced the N2O emission over control primarily through regulation of leaf growth, stomatal density and xylem vessel size. Leaf area, stomatal density and xylem vessel size were found to be associated with N2O transport and emission. We concluded that use of ABA and kinetin can reduce N2O emissions without any impact on wheat grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmali Bordoloi
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Kushal Kumar Baruah
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
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11
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Wang Y, Yang H, Ye C, Chen X, Xie B, Huang C, Zhang J, Xu M. Effects of plant species on soil microbial processes and CH4 emission from constructed wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 174:273-278. [PMID: 23291006 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH(4)) emission from constructed wetland has raised environmental concern. This study evaluated the influence of mono and polyculture constructed wetland and seasonal variation on CH(4) fluxes. Methane emission data showed large temporal variation ranging from 0 to 249.29 mg CH(4) m(-2) h(-1). Results indicated that the highest CH(4) flux was obtained in the polyculture system, planted with Phragmites australis, Zizania latifolia and Typha latifolia, reflecting polyculture system could stimulate CH(4) emission. FISH analysis showed the higher amount of methanotrophs in the profile of Z. latifolia in both mono and polyculture systems. The highest methanogens amount and relatively lower methanotrophs amount in the profile of polyculture system were obtained. The results support the characteristics of CH(4) fluxes. The polyculture constructed wetland has the higher potential of global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Qixia, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
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12
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Yang Z, Zhao Y, Xia X. Nitrous oxide emissions from Phragmites australis-dominated zones in a shallow lake. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2012; 166:116-124. [PMID: 22494973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions from Phragmites australis (reed)--dominated zones in Baiyangdian Lake, the largest shallow lake of Northern China, were investigated under different hydrological conditions with mesocosm experiments during the growing season of reeds. The daily and monthly N(2)O emissions were positively correlated with air temperature and the variation of aboveground biomass of reeds (p < 0.05), respectively. The N(2)O emissions from reeds were about 45.8-52.8% of that from the sediments. In terms of the effect of hydrological conditions, N(2)O emissions from the aquatic-terrestrial ecotone were 9.4-26.1% higher than the submerged zone, inferring that the variation of water level would increase N(2)O emissions. The annual N(2)O emission from Baiyangdian Lake was estimated to be about 114.2 t. This study suggested that N(2)O emissions from shallow lakes might be accelerated by the climate change as it has increased air temperature and changed precipitation, causing the variation of water level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Hadad HR, Mufarrege MM, Pinciroli M, Di Luca GA, Maine MA. Morphological response of Typha domingensis to an industrial effluent containing heavy metals in a constructed wetland. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2010; 58:666-675. [PMID: 20041323 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-009-9454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Typha domingensis had become the dominant species after 2 years of operation of a wetland constructed for metallurgical effluent treatment. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate its ability to tolerate the effluent and to maintain the contaminant removal efficiency of the constructed wetland. Plant, sediment, and water at the inlet and outlet of the constructed wetland and in two natural wetlands were sampled. Metal concentration (Cr, Ni, and Zn) and total phosphorus were significantly higher in tissues of plants growing at the inlet in comparison with those from the outlet and natural wetlands. Even though the chlorophyll concentration was sensitive to effluent toxicity, biomass and plant height at the inlet and outlet were significantly higher than those in the natural wetlands. The highest root and stele cross-sectional areas, number of vessels, and biomass registered in inlet plants promoted the uptake, transport, and accumulation of contaminants in tissues. The modifications recorded accounted for the adaptability of T. domingensis to the conditions prevailing in the constructed wetland, which allowed this plant to become the dominant species and enabled the wetland to maintain a high contaminant retention capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Hadad
- Química Analítica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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14
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VanderZaag AC, Gordon RJ, Burton DL, Jamieson RC, Stratton GW. Greenhouse gas emissions from surface flow and subsurface flow constructed wetlands treating dairy wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2010; 39:460-471. [PMID: 20176819 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2009.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural wastewater treatment is important for protecting water quality in rural ecosystems, and constructed wetlands are an effective treatment option. During treatment, however, some C and N are converted to CH(4), N(2)O, respectively, which are potent greenhouse gases (GHGs). The objective of this study was to assess CH(4), N(2)O, and CO(2) emissions from surface flow (SF) and subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetlands. Six constructed wetlands (three SF and three SSF; 6.6 m(2) each) were loaded with dairy wastewater in Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada. From August 2005 through September 2006, GHG fluxes were measured continuously using transparent steady-state chambers that encompassed the entire wetlands. Flux densities of all gases were significantly (p < 0.01) different between SF and SSF wetlands changed significantly with time. Overall, SF wetlands had significantly (p < 0.01) higher emissions of CH(4) N(2)O than SSF wetlands and therefore had 180% higher total GHG emissions. The ratio of N(2)O to CH(4) emissions (CO(2)-equivalent) was nearly 1:1 in both wetland types. Emissions of CH(4)-C as a percentage of C removal varied seasonally from 0.2 to 27% were 2 to 3x higher in SF than SSF wetlands. The ratio of N(2)O-N emitted to N removed was between 0.1 and 1.6%, and the difference between wetland types was inconsistent. Thus, N(2)O emissions had a similar contribution to N removal in both wetland types, but SSF wetlands emitted less CH(4) while removing more C from the wastewater than SF wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C VanderZaag
- Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, NS, Canada B3J 2X4.
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15
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Laanbroek HJ. Methane emission from natural wetlands: interplay between emergent macrophytes and soil microbial processes. A mini-review. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2010; 105:141-53. [PMID: 19689973 PMCID: PMC2794055 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2007, natural wetlands contribute 20-39 % to the global emission of methane. The range in the estimated percentage of the contribution of these systems to the total release of this greenhouse gas is large due to differences in the nature of the emitting vegetation including the soil microbiota that interfere with the production and consumption of methane. SCOPE Methane is a dominant end-product of anaerobic mineralization processes. When all electron acceptors except carbon dioxide are used by the microbial community, methanogenesis is the ultimate pathway to mineralize organic carbon compounds. Emergent wetland plants play an important role in the emission of methane to the atmosphere. They produce the carbon necessary for the production of methane, but also facilitate the release of methane by the possession of a system of interconnected internal gas lacunas. Aquatic macrophytes are commonly adapted to oxygen-limited conditions as they prevail in flooded or waterlogged soils. By this system, oxygen is transported to the underground parts of the plants. Part of the oxygen transported downwards is released in the root zone, where it sustains a number of beneficial oxidation processes. Through the pores from which oxygen escapes from the plant into the root zone, methane can enter the plant aerenchyma system and subsequently be emitted into the atmosphere. Part of the oxygen released into the root zone can be used to oxidize methane before it enters the atmosphere. However, the oxygen can also be used to regenerate alternative electron acceptors. The continuous supply of alternative electron acceptors will diminish the role of methanogenesis in the anaerobic mineralization processes in the root zone and therefore repress the production and emission of methane. The role of alternative element cycles in the inhibition of methanogenesis is discussed. CONCLUSIONS The role of the nitrogen cycle in repression of methane production is probably low. In contrast to wetlands particularly created for the purification of nitrogen-rich waste waters, concentrations of inorganic nitrogen compounds are low in the root zones in the growing season due to the nitrogen-consuming behaviour of the plant. Therefore, nitrate hardly competes with other electron acceptors for reduced organic compounds, and repression of methane oxidation by the presence of higher levels of ammonium will not be the case. The role of the iron cycle is likely to be important with respect to the repression of methane production and oxidation. Iron-reducing and iron-oxidizing bacteria are ubiquitous in the rhizosphere of wetland plants. The cycling of iron will be largely dependent on the size of the oxygen release in the root zone, which is likely to be different between different wetland plant species. The role of the sulfur cycle in repression of methane production is important in marine, sulfate-rich ecosystems, but might also play a role in freshwater systems where sufficient sulfate is available. Sulfate-reducing bacteria are omnipresent in freshwater ecosystems, but do not always react immediately to the supply of fresh sulfate. Hence, their role in the repression of methanogenesis is still to be proven in freshwater marshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrikus J Laanbroek
- Department of Microbial Wetland Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands.
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Yeh TY, Pan CT, Ke TY, Kuo TW. Organic matter and nitrogen removal within field-scale constructed wetlands: reduction performance and microbial identification studies. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2010; 82:27-33. [PMID: 20112535 DOI: 10.2175/106143009x447957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated organic matter and nitrogen reduction and transformation mechanisms within a field-scale hybrid natural purification system. The system included an oxidation pond, two serial surface-flow wetlands with a cascade in between, and a subsurface-flow wetland receiving secondary treated dormitory sewage. The average biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 81 and 48%, respectively. Microbial degradation was the primary process contributing to organic reduction. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and ammonium decreased from 7.1 to 3.9 and 5.58 to 3.25 mg/L, respectively, within the surface-flow wetlands. The results indicated that nitrification occurred within the aerobic compartments. The nitrate levels continued to decrease from 1.26 to 1.07 mg/L, indicating nitrate reduction occurred in the surface-flow wetland. Total nitrogen decreased from 8.61 to 5.12 mg/L, equivalent to a 41% reduction, within the surface-flow wetlands. Results revealed that denitrification might concurrently occur in the compartment of surface-flow wetland. Total nitrogen continued to decrease from 5.12 to 3.99 mg/L within the anoxic subsurface-flow wetlands through denitrification transformation. The significant total nitrogen reduction observed was 65%. The predominant reduction of total nitrogen might take place within the sediment of surface flow and the subsurface-flow wetland where denitrification occurred. The microbial identification results also indicated that nitrification/denitrification might occur concurrently within the sediments of surface-flow wetlands. The results of this study show that hybrid wetland systems are a viable option for organic matter and nitrogen transformation and removal in tropical regions where tertiary wastewater systems are too costly or unable to operate. Treated water from these systems can comply with local surface water criteria rendering water for reuse and groundwater recharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Yeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Nanzih District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wu J, Zhang J, Jia W, Xie H, Gu RR, Li C, Gao B. Impact of COD/N ratio on nitrous oxide emission from microcosm wetlands and their performance in removing nitrogen from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:2910-2917. [PMID: 19268576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Revised: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are considered to be important sources of nitrous oxide (N(2)O). In order to investigate the effect of influent COD/N ratio on N(2)O emission and control excess emission from nitrogen removal, free water surface microcosm wetlands were used and fed with different influent. In addition, the transformation of nitrogen was examined for better understanding of the mechanism of N(2)O production under different operating COD/N ratios. It was found that N(2)O emission and the performance of microcosm wetlands were significantly affected by COD/N ratio of wastewater influent. Strong relationships exist between N(2)O production rate and nitrite (r=0.421, p<0.01). During denitrification process, DO concentration crucially influences N(2)O production rate. An optimal influent COD/N ratio was obtained by adjusting external carbon sources for most effective N(2)O emission control and best performance of the CWs in nitrogen removal from wastewater. It is concluded that under the operating condition of COD/N ratio=5, total N(2)O emission is minimum and the microcosm wetland is most effective in wastewater nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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18
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Wu J, Zhang J, Jia W, Xie H, Zhang B. Relationships of nitrous oxide fluxes with water quality parameters in free water surface constructed wetlands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11783-009-0023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Maltais-Landry G, Maranger R, Brisson J, Chazarenc F. Greenhouse gas production and efficiency of planted and artificially aerated constructed wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2009; 157:748-754. [PMID: 19110349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by constructed wetlands (CWs) could mitigate the environmental benefits of nutrient removal in these man-made ecosystems. We studied the effect of 3 different macrophyte species and artificial aeration on the rates of nitrous oxide (N(2)O), carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and methane (CH(4)) production in CW mesocosms over three seasons. CW emitted 2-10 times more GHG than natural wetlands. Overall, CH(4) was the most important GHG emitted in unplanted treatments. Oxygen availability through artificial aeration reduced CH(4) fluxes. Plant presence also decreased CH(4) fluxes but favoured CO(2) production. Nitrous oxide had a minor contribution to global warming potential (GWP<15%). The introduction of oxygen through artificial aeration combined with plant presence, particularly Typha angustifolia, had the overall best performance among the treatments tested in this study, including lowest GWP, greatest nutrient removal, and best hydraulic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Maltais-Landry
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal 90, rue Vincent-D'Indy, Montréal (QC), Canada
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Zhang HH, He PJ, Shao LM, Yuan L. Minimisation of N2O emissions from a plant-soil system under landfill leachate irrigation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2009; 29:1012-1017. [PMID: 18835706 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The irrigation of a plant-soil system with landfill leachate should promote the formation of N2O due to the introduction of organic carbon and mineralized-N and the elevation of the moisture content. Laboratory incubation was performed to minimize N2O emissions from a leachate irrigated plant-soil system by manipulating leachate NH(4)(+)-N loading, moisture content, and soil type. A field investigation, consisting of three plots planted with Cynodon dactylon, Nerium indicum Mill, and Festuca arundinacea Schreb, was then conducted to select plant species. There was almost no difference in N2O emissions between soil moisture contents of 46% and 55% water-filled pore space (WFPS), while a sharp increase occurred at 70% WFPS. N2O fluxes were significantly correlated with leachate NH4(+)-N loading. Amongst the physiochemical characteristics of the selected nine soils, only soil pH was significantly correlated with N2O fluxes. Compared with fertilizers application in other ecosystems, N2O turnover rate from the plant-soil system under leachate irrigation was relatively lower. Therefore, avoiding high NH4(+)-N loadings and excessively wet conditions (<60% WFPS) and cultivating conifer plants of stronger sunlight penetration with less litter deposit on acidic sandy soil could minimize potential N2O emissions under leachate irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
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Inamori R, Wang Y, Yamamoto T, Zhang J, Kong H, Xu K, Inamori Y. Seasonal effect on N2O formation in nitrification in constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 73:1071-1077. [PMID: 18782640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Revised: 07/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands are considered to be important sources of nitrous oxide (N(2)O). In order to investigate the contribution of nitrification in N(2)O formation, some environmental factors, plant species and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in active layers have been compared. Vegetation cells indicated remarkable effect of seasons and different plant species on N(2)O emission and AOB amount. Nitrous oxide data showed large temporal and spatial fluctuations ranging 0-52.8 mg N(2)O m(-2)d(-1). Higher AOB amount and N(2)O flux rate were observed in the Zizania latifolia cell, reflecting high potential of global warming. Roles of plants as ecosystem engineers are summarized with rhizosphere oxygen release and organic matter transportation to affect nitrogen transformation. The Phragmites australis cell contributed to keeping high T-N removal performance and lower N(2)O emission. The distribution of AOB also supported this result. Statistical analysis showed several environmental parameters affecting the strength of observed greenhouse gases emission, such as water temperature, water level, TOC, plant species and plant cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Inamori
- Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
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