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Lin X, Shu D, Zhang J, Chen J, Zhou Y, Chen C. Dynamics of particle retention and physiology in Euonymus japonicus Thunb. var. aurea-marginatus Hort. with severe exhaust exposure under continuous drought. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117194. [PMID: 33933875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Frequent drought events and particulate matter pollution from vehicular exhaust seriously affect urban plant growth and provisioning of ecological services. Yet, how plants respond physiologically and morphologically to these two combined stressors remains unknown. Here, we assessed particle retention dynamics and plant morphology and physiology of Euonymus japonicus Thunb. var. aurea-marginatus Hort. under continuous drought with severe exhaust exposure. Our results showed that continuous drought insignificantly lowered particle retention in each of three size fractions by 1.02 μg·cm-2 on average in the first 28 days, but significantly lowered total particle retention by 35.75 μg·cm-2 on the 35th day. We observed evident changes in morphology, leaf mass per area (LMA), pigments, gas exchange in all stressed plants. Compared with single stress, combined drought and pollution caused earlier yellowing and shedding of old leaves, significantly lowered LMA by 1.21 mg·cm-2, caused a greater decline in pigments and net photosynthetic rate (Pn). Large particles may mainly explain pigment reduction, lower weekly LMA increases, and stomatal restriction, while coarse particles may be the main drivers of the decline in Pn. Continuous drought mediated the influence of all three particle sizes on some parameters, such as weakening the impact of total particles on LMA, strengthening the impact of fine particles on photosynthesis. Our findings suggest that drought accelerates the physiological responses of plants to exhaust pollution. Under controlled severe exhaust pollution conditions, the optimal time to maintain high particle retention during continuous drought without decline in physiological conditions for E. japonicus var. aurea-marginatus was 14 days. Some additional interventions after 14 days (it could be postponed appropriately under field conditions) may help ensure healthy growth of plants and retention of particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Da Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Yuanhong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Chuwen Chen
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Przybysz A, Popek R, Stankiewicz-Kosyl M, Zhu CY, Małecka-Przybysz M, Maulidyawati T, Mikowska K, Deluga D, Griżuk K, Sokalski-Wieczorek J, Wolszczak K, Wińska-Krysiak M. Where trees cannot grow - Particulate matter accumulation by urban meadows. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147310. [PMID: 33932673 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It has already been proven that trees and shrubs, can efficiently remove particulate matter (PM) from air. However, almost nothing is known about PM accumulation by herbaceous plants (grasses and forbs) found in urban meadows. Meadows, unlike trees and shrubs, can be located close to roads, one of the main sources of PM in cites. The aim of this study was to investigate the tolerance to urban condition and PM accumulation in the immediate roads vicinity of selected plants species in urban meadows. PM accumulation of annual and perennial meadows was compared with that of lawns. Results were interpreted in the context of species composition, biomass production, soil conditions and ambient PM concentrations. Of the species grown in annual meadows, the highest PM accumulation was found in Achillea millefolium L., Chenopodium album L. and Echium vulgare L., while Centaurea scabiosa L., Echium vulgare L. and Convolvulus arvensis L. accumulated the largest amounts of PM in perennial meadows. PM deposition on plants was positively correlated with a feathery leaf shape. For species in the annual meadows, a positive correlation was also found between PM accumulation and the wax content on plants. The presence of hairs on leaves, leaf size and plant growth pattern had no effect on PM deposition on plants. PM accumulation in one square metre of urban meadow was on average greater than that of lawn, regardless of meadow species' composition, age and location. The greatest accumulation of PM was found in a perennial meadow with low biodiversity but the greatest biomass. It would appear that the biomass produced by meadows and canopy structure has a crucial impact on the amount of PM accumulated by meadow plants. The results obtained indicate that meadows could be an important element of nature-based solutions for mitigating air pollution in urbanised areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Przybysz
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - R Popek
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Stankiewicz-Kosyl
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ch Y Zhu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - M Małecka-Przybysz
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Maulidyawati
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Mikowska
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Deluga
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Griżuk
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sokalski-Wieczorek
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Wolszczak
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Wińska-Krysiak
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Phillips BB, Bullock JM, Gaston KJ, Hudson‐Edwards KA, Bamford M, Cruse D, Dicks LV, Falagan C, Wallace C, Osborne JL. Impacts of multiple pollutants on pollinator activity in road verges. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin J. Gaston
- Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | | | - Meg Bamford
- Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | - Dave Cruse
- Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | - Lynn V. Dicks
- School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK
- Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Carmen Falagan
- Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | - Claire Wallace
- School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK
| | - Juliet L. Osborne
- Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn UK
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