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Tao J, Wu W, Lin D, Yang K. Role of biochar pyrolysis temperature on intracellular and extracellular biodegradation of biochar-adsorbed organic compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123583. [PMID: 38365081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Immobilizing organic pollutants by adsorption of biochar in farmland soil is a cost-effective remediation method for contaminated soil. As the adsorption capacity of biochar is limited, biodegradation of biochar-adsorbed organic pollutants was a potential way to regenerate biochars and maintain the adsorption performance of biochars to lower the cost. It could be affected by the biochar pyrolysis temperature, but was not evaluated yet. In this study, biodegradation of adsorbed phenanthrene on a series of biochars with pyrolysis temperatures from 150 to 700 °C by Sphingobium yanoikuyae B1 was investigated using batch experiments of biodegradation kinetics at 30 °C, to explore the role of biochar pyrolysis temperature on biodegradation of biochar-adsorbed organic compounds. It was observed that 37.5-47.9% of adsorbed phenanthrene on moderate temperature-pyrolyzed biochars produced at 400 and 500 °C were biodegraded, less than that on high temperature-pyrolyzed biochars produced at ≥600 °C (48.8-60.8%) and low temperature-pyrolyzed biochars produced at ≤300 °C (63.4-92.5%). Phenanthrene adsorbed largely on the low temperature-pyrolyzed biochars by partition mechanism and thus is easily desorbed to water for a dominated intracellular biodegradation. On the high temperature-pyrolyzed biochars, phenanthrene is adsorbed largely by pore-filling mechanism and thus less desorbed to water for intracellular biodegradation. However, high temperature-pyrolyzed biochars can promote microbes to produce siderophore, H2O2 and thus release extracellular •OH for a dominated degradation of adsorbed phenanthrene by Fenton-like reaction. With the increase of biochar pyrolysis temperature, desorption and consequently the intracellular biodegradation of adsorbed phenanthrene on biochars decreased, while the secretion of siderophore and H2O2 by microbes on biochars increased to produce more extracellular •OH for degradation by Fenton-like reaction. The results could provide deep insights into the role of biochar pyrolysis temperature on biodegradation of biochar-adsorbed organic compounds, and optimize the selection of biochar with higher adsorption performance and easier regeneration for soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Tao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311200, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Chen X, Lin H, Dong Y, Li B, Liu C, Zhang L, Lu Y, Jin Q. Enhanced simultaneous removal of sulfamethoxazole and zinc (II) in the biochar-immobilized bioreactor: Performance, microbial structures and gene functions. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139466. [PMID: 37442390 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-immobilized functional bacteria Bacillus SDB4 was applied for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and zinc (Zn2+) simultaneous removal in the bioreactor. Under the optimal operating conditions of HRT of 10 h, pH of 7.0, SMX concentration of 10 mg L-1 and Zn2+ concentration of 50 mg L-1, the removal efficiencies of SMX and Zn2+ by the immobilized reactor (IR) were 97.42% and 96.14%, respectively, 20.39% and 30.15% higher than those by free bioreactor (FR). SEM-EDS and FTIR results revealed that the functional groups and light metals on the carrier promoted the biosorption and biotransformation of SMX and Zn2+ in IR. Moreover, the improvement of SMX and Zn2+ removal might be related to the abundance enhancement of functional bacteria and genes. Bacillus SDB4 responsible for SMX and Zn2+ removal was the main strain in IR and FR. Biochar increased the relative abundance of Bacillus from 32.12% in FR to 38.73% in IR and improved the abundances of functional genes (such as carbohydrate metabolism, replication and repair and membrane transport) by 1.82%-11.04%. The correlations among the physicochemical properties, microbial communities, functional genes and SMX-Zn2+ co-contaminant removal proposed new insights into the mechanisms of biochar enhanced microbial removal of antibiotics and heavy metals in biochar-immobilized bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yingbo Dong
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenjing Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Jin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Vane CH, Kim AW, Lopes Dos Santos RA, Moss-Hayes V. Contrasting sewage, emerging and persistent organic pollutants in sediment cores from the River Thames estuary, London, England, UK. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113340. [PMID: 35124377 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sedimentary organic pollution in the urban reaches of the Thames estuary is changing from fossil fuel hydrocarbons to emerging synthetic chemicals. De-industrialisation of London was assessed in three cores from Chiswick (Ait/Eyot) mud island using pharmaceuticals, faecal sterols, hydrocarbons (TPH, PAH), Black Carbon (BC) and organotins (TBT). These ranked in the order; BC 7590-30219 mg/kg, mean 16,000 mg/kg > TPH 770-4301, mean 1316 mg/kg > Σ16PAH 6.93-107.64, mean 36.46 mg/kg > coprostanol 0.0091-0.42 mg/kg, mean of 0.146 mg/kg > pharmaceuticals 2.4-84.8 μg/kg, mean 25 μg/kg. Hydrocarbons co-varied down-profile revealing rise (1940s), peak (1950s -1960s) and fall (1980s) and an overall 3 to 25-fold decrease. In contrast, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory (ibuprofen, paracetamol) and hormone (17β-estradiol) increased 3 to 50-fold toward surface paralleling increasing use (1970s-2018). The anti-epileptics, carbamazepine and epoxcarbamazepine showed appreciable down-core mobility. Faecal sterols confirmed non-systematic incorporation of treated sewage. Comparison to UK sediment quality guidelines indicate exceedance of AL2 for PAH whereas TBT was below AL1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander W Kim
- British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
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Rossi MM, Matturro B, Amanat N, Rossetti S, Petrangeli Papini M. Coupled Adsorption and Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene on Biochar from Pine Wood Wastes: A Combined Approach for a Sustainable Bioremediation Strategy. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010101. [PMID: 35056550 PMCID: PMC8779034 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Towards chlorinated solvents, the effectiveness of the remediation strategy can be improved by combining a biological approach (e.g., anaerobic reductive dechlorination) with chemical/physical treatments (e.g., adsorption). A coupled adsorption and biodegradation (CAB) process for trichloroethylene (TCE) removal is proposed in a biofilm-biochar reactor (BBR) to assess whether biochar from pine wood (PWB) can support a dechlorinating biofilm by combining the TCE (100 µM) adsorption. The BBR operated for eight months in parallel with a biofilm reactor (BR)-no PWB (biological process alone), and with an abiotic biochar reactor (ABR)-no dechlorinating biofilm (only an adsorption mechanism). Two flow rates were investigated. Compared to the BR, which resulted in a TCE removal of 86.9 ± 11.9% and 78.73 ± 19.79%, the BBR demonstrated that PWB effectively adsorbs TCE and slows down the release of its intermediates. The elimination of TCE was quantitative, with 99.61 ± 0.79% and 99.87 ± 0.51% TCE removal. Interestingly, the biomarker of the reductive dechlorination process, Dehalococcoides mccartyi, was found in the BRR (9.2 × 105 16S rRNA gene copies/g), together with the specific genes tceA, bvcA, and vcrA (8.16 × 106, 1.28 × 105, and 8.01 × 103 gene copies/g, respectively). This study suggests the feasibility of biochar to support the reductive dechlorination of D. mccartyi, opening new frontiers for field-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M. Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (N.A.); (M.P.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bruna Matturro
- Water Research Institute (IRSA—CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (B.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Neda Amanat
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (N.A.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute (IRSA—CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (B.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Marco Petrangeli Papini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (N.A.); (M.P.P.)
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Xu W, Zhang J, Shen Y, Yu H, Chen K, Zhu Y, Shen C, Lou L. The effect of black carbon on the chemical degradability of PCB1 via TENAX desorption technology from the perspective of adsorption states. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131583. [PMID: 34293558 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical degradation is one of the crucial methods for the remediation of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in soil/sediment. The sequestration effect of black carbon (BC) can affect the adsorption state of HOCs, thereby affecting their chemical degradability. Our study focused on the chemical degradability of 2-Chlorobiphenyl (PCB1) sequestrated on the typical BC (fly ash (FC), soot (SC), low-temperature biochar (BC400) and high-temperature biochar (BC900)) by iron-nickel bimetallic nanomaterials (nZVI/Ni) based on TENAX desorption technology. The results showed that PCB1 adsorbed in various states were simultaneously dechlorinated by nZVI/Ni. Specifically, rapid-desorption-state PCB1 tended to degrade more easily than resistant-desorption-state PCB1. Moreover, the degradation mechanism varied according to the type of BC. In the case of FC and SC, the degradation rate was lower than the desorption rate for the PCB1 in rapid and slow desorption states, and the degradation rate of PCB1 in the resistant desorption state was negligible. The PCB1 on FC and SC was first desorbed from BC and then degraded. However, in terms of BC400 and BC900, the degradation rate was higher than the desorption rate, and the degradation rate of the resistant-desorption-state PCB1 was 1.4 × 10-2 h-1 and 4.1 × 10-2 h-1, respectively. The graphitized structure of BC900 can directly transfer electrons, so more than 90% of the resistant-desorption-state PCB1 could be degraded. In addition, BC may affect the longevity of nZVI/Ni, thereby affecting its degradability. Therefore, the chemical degradability of BC-adsorbed HOCs should be comprehensively evaluated based on the adsorption state and the properties of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutao Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - KeZhen Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, 310020, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, 310020, People's Republic of China.
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Pagnozzi G, Carroll S, Reible DD, Millerick K. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) amendment enhances naphthalene biodegradation under strictly sulfate-reducing conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115641. [PMID: 33045588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Capping represents an efficient and well-established practice to contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments, reduce mobility, and minimize risks. Exposure to PAHs can encourage biodegradation, which can improve the performance of capping. This study investigates biodegradation of naphthalene (a model PAH) in highly reducing, sediment-like environments with amendment of different capping materials (PAC and sand). Microcosms were prepared with sediment enrichments, sulfate as an electron acceptor, and naphthalene. Results show that PAC stimulates naphthalene biodegradation and mineralization, as indicated by production of 14CO2 from radiolabeled naphthalene. Mineralization in PAC systems correlates with the enrichment of genera (Geobacter and Desulfovirga) previously identified to biodegrade naphthalene (Spearman's, p < 0.05). Naphthalene decay in sand and media-free systems was not linked to biodegradation activity (ANOVA, p > 0.05), and microbial communities were correlated to biomass yields rather than metabolites. Naphthalene decay in PAC systems consists of three stages with respect to time: latent (0-88 days), exponential decay (88-210 days), and inactive (210-480 days). This study shows that PAC amendment enhances naphthalene biodegradation under strictly sulfate-reducing conditions and provides a kinetic and metagenomic characterization of systems demonstrating naphthalene decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Pagnozzi
- Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Sean Carroll
- Haley and Aldrich, Inc., 100 Corporate Place, Suite 105, Rocky Hill, CT, 06067, USA
| | - Danny D Reible
- Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Kayleigh Millerick
- Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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Lou L, Huang Q, Lou Y, Lu J, Hu B, Lin Q. Adsorption and degradation in the removal of nonylphenol from water by cells immobilized on biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:676-684. [PMID: 31063914 PMCID: PMC6771920 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of adsorption by biochar and biodegradation by bacteria in the wastewater treatment system of microorganisms immobilized on biochar, Nonylphenol (NP) removal (adsorption + degradation) rates and degradation rates from water by NP degrading bacteria immobilized on bamboo charcoal (BC) and wood charcoal (WC) were examined in a short-term and long-term. Results showed that cells immobilized on different biochar had different NP removal effects, and cells immobilized on bamboo charcoal (I-BC) was better. After eight rounds of long-term reuse, the cumulative removal rate and the degradation rate of NP in water by I-BC were 93.95% and 41.86%, respectively, significantly higher than those of cells immobilized on wood charcoal (69.60%, 22.78%) and free cells (64.79%, 19.49%) (P < 0.01). The rise in the ratio of the degradation rate to the removal rate indicated that the long-term NP removal effect is more dependent on biodegradation. The amount of residual NP in I-BC still accounted for about 50%, indicating that the secondary pollution in the disposal of carrier could not be ignored. In addition, promotion effect of biochar on microorganisms were observed by SEM, quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA. Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Ochrobactrum and Stenotrophomonas were predominant bacteria for NP degradation. The addition of biochar (especially bamboo charcoal) also effectively delayed the transformation of their community structure.
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MESH Headings
- Adsorption
- Bacteria/genetics
- Bacteria/metabolism
- Biodegradation, Environmental
- Bioreactors/microbiology
- Cells, Immobilized
- Charcoal/chemistry
- Microbial Consortia/genetics
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Phenols/chemistry
- Phenols/isolation & purification
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
- Sasa/chemistry
- Waste Disposal, Fluid/instrumentation
- Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods
- Wastewater/chemistry
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Academy of Environmental Planning & Design, Co., Ltd., Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrang Lu
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Baolan Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, People's Republic of China.
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