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Lan W, Zhou Q, Li J, Liu M, Deng Y, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Yang H, Xiao Y. Investigation of Cd and Pb enrichment capacities of Erigeron sumatrensis across three polluted regions: Insights into soil parameters and microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 262:119868. [PMID: 39216739 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Erigeron sumatrensis is a vigorously growing invasive plant in mining areas and has been the subject of research for its potential in the phytoremediation of heavy metals. In this study, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) of E. sumatrensis were assessed to evaluate its phytoaccumulation potential for cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) across three distinct zinc mining regions with different degrees of contamination, including Huayuan (HY), Yueyang (YY), and Liuyang (LY) areas. The region of HY is identified as having the most severe Cd contamination, while the most pronounced Pb pollution characterizes the LY area. The findings indicate that E. sumatrensis demonstrated a stronger ability to enrich Cd and Pb in less contaminated areas. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions was employed to analyze the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities across the three areas. The results revealed significant variations in the microbial community structure, function, and composition, suggesting a complex interplay between the plant and its associated microorganisms. Correlation analysis identified several soil properties, including soil pH, total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), organic matter (OM), and available phosphorus (AP), as pivotal factors that may influence the heavy metal enrichment capabilities of the plant. Notably, some microorganisms (e.g., Burkholderia, Brevundimonas, Paraglomus, and Trichoderma) and enzymes (e.g., P-type ATPases, citrate synthase, catalase) of microorganisms were found to be potentially involved in facilitating the accumulation of Cd and Pb by E. sumatrensis. This research contributes to understanding how invasive alien plants can be utilized to remedy contaminated environments. It highlights the importance of modulating critical soil factors to enhance the phytoremediation potential of E. sumatrensis, which could aid in developing strategies to manage invasive plants and mitigate heavy metal pollution in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Lan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qingfan Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Mingxin Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Dey P, Osborne JW, Lincy KB. An insight on the plausible biological and non-biological detoxification of heavy metals in tannery waste: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119451. [PMID: 38906443 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
A key challenge for the tannery industries is the volume of tannery waste water (TWW) generated during the processing of leather, releasing various forms of toxic heavy metals resulting in uncontrolled discharge of tannery waste (TW) into the environment leading to pollution. The pollutants in TW includes heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) etc, when discharged above the permissible limit causes ill effects on humans. Therefore, several researchers have reported the application of biological and non-biological methods for the removal of pollutants in TW. This review provides insights on the global scenario of tannery industries and the harmful effects of heavy metal generated by tannery industry on micro and macroorganisms of the various ecological niches. It also provides information on the process, advantages and disadvantages of non-biological methods such as electrochemical oxidation, advanced oxidation processes, photon assisted catalytic remediation, adsorption and membrane technology. The various biological methods emphasised includes strategies such as constructed wetland, vermitechnology, phytoremediation, bioaugmentation, quorum sensing and biofilm in the remediation of heavy metals from tannery wastewater (TWW) with special emphasize on chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parry Dey
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jabez W Osborne
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL) Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kirubhadharsini B Lincy
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Nyero A, Achaye I, Upoki Anywar G, Malinga GM. Inorganic nutrients and heavy metals in some wild edible plants consumed by rural communities in Northern Uganda: Implications for human health. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18999. [PMID: 37636347 PMCID: PMC10447991 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, wild edible plant species have sustained local communities across Africa by supplementing households' diets in seasons of food shortage. Wild edible plants contain inorganic nutrients, which are essential for the proper functioning of organisms. However, their nutritional contents have not been well researched and are generally poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify the levels of inorganic micro-and macronutrients as well as heavy metals (Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb) in selected wild edible plants traditionally consumed among the Acholi communities in northern Uganda, and associated health risks of consuming them. The leaves and young stems of 12 wild edible plants, viz: Acalypha rhomboidea, Asystacia gangetica, Crassocephalum sacrobasis, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Heterotis rotundifolia, Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sp., Hibiscus surattensis, Ipomoea eriocarpa, Maerua angolensis, Senna obtusifolia and Vigna membranacea were air-dried and crushed to powder. The powders were then macerated using aqua regia solution and analyzed in triplicates using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The target hazard quotient (THQ) of Pb was calculated for non-carcinogenic health risks. Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Zn and Pb were detectable in all the wild edible plants sampled. All inorganic nutrients (mg/100gdw), were below the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA); Mg (9.4 ± 0.19 to 10.4 ± 0.15), Ca (119 ± 5.82 to 1265 ± 14.9), Fe (3.29 ± 0.02 to 11.2 ± 0.09), Zn (0.52 ± 0.02 to 2.36 ± 0.03). Hg and Cd were below detectable limits in all the samples tested. The content of Pb (0.69 ± 0.11 to1.22 ± 0.07) was higher than the CODEX and EU limits of 0.1 ppm (0.001 mg/g) but was below the recommended threshold of 1. The health risk assessment revealed no potential hazards both in children and adults. However, there is a need to study the bioavailability of Pb when the vegetables are consumed due to factors such as indigestion and antinutritional compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Nyero
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Innocent Achaye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Godwin Upoki Anywar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
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Li X, Xiao J, Gai X, Du Z, Salam MMA, Chen G. Facilitated remediation of heavy metals contaminated land using Quercus spp. with different strategies: Variations in amendments and experiment periods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:163245. [PMID: 37004777 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation using trees combined with soil amendments has gained much attention for its highly cost-effective trait. In natural field conditions, however, the results may not reflect the true performance of amendments based on short-term laboratory studies. In this three-year field trial, various soil amendments such as rice straw biochar, palygorskite, a combined biochar of rice straw biochar and palygorskite, and hydroxyapatite were used to systematically study the potential of the low-accumulator (Quercus fabri Hance) and high-accumulator (Quercus texana Buckley) for cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) to remediate severely contaminated soils. Soil amendments enhanced the dendroremediation capacity of Quercus as the growth period prolonged. In 2021, the rice straw biochar treatment increased Cd and Zn accumulation by 1.76 and 2.09 times in Q. fabri, respectively, compared to the control. Cd and Zn accumulation increased to 1.78 and 2.10 times, respectively, under combined biochar treatment for Q. texana compared to the control. Metals accumulation was mainly enhanced by soil amendments through increasing the growth biomass of Q. fabri and improving the biomass and bioconcentration ability of Q. texana. Overall, soil amendments effectively improved the phytoremediation efficiency of Quercus in the long term, and selecting suitable amendments should be fully considered in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Xu Gai
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Zhongyu Du
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China.
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Visconti D, Ventorino V, Fagnano M, Woo SL, Pepe O, Adamo P, Caporale AG, Carrino L, Fiorentino N. Compost and microbial biostimulant applications improve plant growth and soil biological fertility of a grass-based phytostabilization system. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:787-807. [PMID: 35318555 PMCID: PMC10014777 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a grass-based phytoremediation system integrated with an organic amendment and biostimulants was evaluated for remediating contaminated sites. Plant growth and biological fertility were monitored to assess the efficacy of a vegetative cap used as a safety measure to reduce sanitary and environmental risks of industrially contaminated soils and soil-washing sludges. Both matrices were potentially contaminated with Pb and Zn with an ecological risk index from low to moderate. According to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) bioaccessibility tests, the exposure to the released fine particulate matter may cause serious risks to human beings, in particular to children. The grass mixture was well adapted to both the substrates and a low PTEs mobility was detected, thus, reducing the leaching risk to ground water sources. Compost addition augmented significantly nitrogenase reductase (nifH) and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene expression abundance in both substrates. Furthermore, a positive interaction between compost fertilization and a Trichoderma-based biostimulant inoculation was recorded in sludges resulting in a significant stimulation of nitrogen-fixing and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. The application of compost and biostimulant increased soil fertility and plant growth. Furthermore, there was a slight reduction in PTE bioaccessibility, thus, improving the efficiency of the phytostabilization, limiting the resuspension and dispersion of the health-risk soil particulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Visconti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | - Valeria Ventorino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Massimo Fagnano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Sheridan Lois Woo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), 80055, Portici, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Olimpia Pepe
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Paola Adamo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Linda Carrino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Nunzio Fiorentino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy.
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), 80055, Portici, Italy.
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Li X, Xiao J, Salam MMA, Chen G. Evaluation of dendroremediation potential of ten Quercus spp. for heavy metals contaminated soil: A three-year field trial. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158232. [PMID: 36007636 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Woody plants have gained considerable attention for remediating soils contaminated with heavy metals because of their cost-efficient and ecologically friendly nature. However, most studies on potential phytoremediation evaluation are limited to short-term experiments in greenhouse or field, meaning that differences may exist between laboratory results and application in natural environment. In this study, ten Quercus spp. were tested in a consecutive 3-year field trial (2018-2020) to assess their dendroremediation abilities for Cd and Zn contaminated soil. The results revealed that nine Quercus spp. demonstrated good survival ability without any stress, except for Quercus velutina Lam., in the 3-year growth period. In 2020, Quercus texana Buckley and Quercus fabri Hance plants produced the greatest biomass (2100 and 1880 g plant-1) among the nine Quercus spp. Quercus texana had the highest total Cd accumulation (39.3 mg plant-1) in 2020, which was 8.5 times higher than that in 2018, followed by Quercus pagoda Raf. (8.85 mg plant-1) and Q. fabri (8.07 mg plant-1) plants, respectively, whereas Cd accumulation increased by 7.4 times for Q. pagoda and 22 times for Q. fabri compared to 2018. The results from 2020 indicated that Q. fabri had the highest Zn accumulation (205 mg plant-1), followed by Quercus nigra L. (149 mg plant-1) and Q. texana (140 mg plant-1), respectively, and these values increased 14, 6.4, and 6.2 times in comparison to 2018. The comprehensive bioaccumulation index (CBAI) was proposed to evaluate the dendroremediation potential of Quercus spp., suggesting that Q. texana and Q. fabri had the most outstanding potential for remediation of Cd and Zn polluted soil, with the values of 0.82 and 0.60, respectively. In summary, Q. texana and Q. fabri are ideal for remediating Cd/Zn-contaminated soil, and long-term field trials and the CBAI method are helpful for comprehensively evaluating the remediation capacity of trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China; Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Yliopistokatu 6B, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China.
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Song X, Li C, Chen W. Phytoremediation potential of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) pers.) in soils co-contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113389. [PMID: 35272194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soils co-contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and cadmium (Cd) have serious environmental impacts and are highly toxic to humans and ecosystems. Phytoremediation is an effective biotechnology for the remediation and restoration of PAH- and Cd-polluted soils. Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the individual and combined effects of PAHs (1238.62 mg kg-1) and Cd (23.1 mg kg-1) on the phytoremediation potential of Bermuda grass grown in contaminated soils. Bermuda grass exhibited a significant decrease in plant growth rate, leaf pigment content, root activity, plant height and biomass and a remarkable increase in malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage when grown in PAH- and Cd-contaminated soils compared with grass grown in uncontaminated soils. The activity of soil enzymes, including urease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrose, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, were reduced in soil with PAH and Cd stress. Furthermore, the toxicity of combined PAHs and Cd on Bermuda grass growth and soil enzyme activity was much higher than that of PAH or Cd stress alone, suggesting a synergistic effect of PAHs and Cd on cytotoxicity. To scavenge redundant reactive oxygen species and avoid oxidative damage, Bermuda grass increased plant catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity and soluble sugar and proline content. The bioconcentration factor of Cd in Bermuda grass grown under Cd alone and combined PAH and Cd exposure was greater than 1 for both, suggesting that Bermuda grass has a high Cd accumulation ability. Under PAH alone and combined PAH and Cd exposure conditions, a higher PAH removal rate (41.5-56.8%) was observed in soils planted with Bermuda grass than in unplanted soils (24.8-29.8%), indicating that Bermuda grass has a great ability to degrade PAHs. Bermuda grass showed great phytoremediation potential for the degradation of PAHs and phytoextraction of Cd in co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Phyto-Microremediation in Saline-Alkali Land, Shandong, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Phyto-Microremediation in Saline-Alkali Land, Shandong, China.
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Mng'ong'o M, Comber S, Munishi LK, Ndakidemi PA, Blake W, Hutchinson TH. Land use patterns influence the distribution of potentially toxic elements in soils of the Usangu Basin, Tanzania. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131410. [PMID: 34323788 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spatial distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in agricultural soils in Usangu Basin (Mbeya Region)-Tanzania were conducted. The study included three land-use types (paddy farming, maize farming, and conserved community forest areas). About 198 soil samples were collected from November to December 2019 across contrasting land management schemes (Group I dominated by agricultural areas versus Group II dominated by residential and agricultural areas). Total (aqua regia extracts) and bioavailable (Mehlich 3 extracts) PTEs concentrations were analyzed. For Group I and II areas, total and bioavailable concentrations (mg/kg dry weight, mean values) of some PTEs were: chromium 1662 ± 5.2 μg/kg for Group I and 1307 ± 3.9 μg/kg for Group II (Total), 55.1 ± 37.1 μg/kg for Group I and 19.2 ± 21.6 μg/kg for Group II (bioavailable); and lead 5272 ± 1650 μg/kg for Group I and 6656 ± 1994 μg/kg for Group II (Total), 1870 ± 800 μg/kg for Group I and 1730 ± 530 μg/kg for Group II (bioavailable). Soil total PTEs such as cadmium and lead were generally lower in Group I areas than in Group II areas. The reverse scenario was observed for copper. Farming areas had high PTEs concentration than non-farming areas because of anthropogenic activities. Overall, soil total concentrations of Fe (99.5%), As (87%), Se (66%), and Hg (12%) were above Tanzanian Maximum Allowable Limits. This study provides essential baseline information to support environmental risk assessment of PTEs in Tanzanian agro-ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mng'ong'o
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering (LiSBE), The Nelson Mandela -African Institution of Science and Technology, P O Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom.
| | - Sean Comber
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Linus K Munishi
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering (LiSBE), The Nelson Mandela -African Institution of Science and Technology, P O Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Patrick A Ndakidemi
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering (LiSBE), The Nelson Mandela -African Institution of Science and Technology, P O Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - William Blake
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas H Hutchinson
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
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Fink J, Sánchez-Rodríguez AR, Frosi G, Eckert D, Bonetti JA, Bastiani K, Lavratti A, Inda AV, Zanquetti A. Industrial saline wastewater in a corn-soybean rotation to enhance crop yield without compromising soil health in a subtropical soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113341. [PMID: 34351294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of industrial waste has increased in the last decades along with world population. Wastes are used in agriculture as fertilizers and soil amendments depending on their composition, dynamics in soil and effects on plant growth. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of industrial saline wastewater from heparin production on soil chemistry and plant yield in a subtropical soil in Brazil. Five rates of industrial saline wastewater (0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 m3 ha-1 year-1) were applied as fertilizer in a corn -soybean rotation on an Oxisol with limited nutrient availability. Five soils sampling were done: before and after the first application of the industrial wastewater (2017, corn), before and after the second application of wastewater (2018, soybean) and two years after the first application (2019). Soil K, Ca, Mg, Na content and CEC increased immediately after the application of wastewater but they returned to former values with time due to plant uptake and lixiviation. Wastewater application significantly increased corn (all rates) and soybean (only with the highest rate) yields around 103-250% and 50%, respectively, in comparison with no wastewater application. However, the highest rate temporally increased soil Na content and electrical conductivity (up to 650 and 800%, respectively). Although nutrient uptake, chlorophyll content and corn and soybean yields were enhanced, the use of high rates of industrial saline wastewater could cause soil salinization (mainly in locations with low rainfall), affecting soil chemistry and physical parameters due to clay dispersion, and pollution or water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessé Fink
- Laboratory of Soils, Federal Institute of Paraná - Campus Palmas, Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto Avenue, CEP 85555-000, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Gustavo Frosi
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dayana Eckert
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Kayn Bastiani
- Laboratory of Soils, Federal Institute of Paraná - Campus Palmas, Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto Avenue, CEP 85555-000, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alan Lavratti
- Laboratory of Soils, Federal Institute of Paraná - Campus Palmas, Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto Avenue, CEP 85555-000, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alberto Vasconcellos Inda
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Mng'ong'o M, Munishi LK, Ndakidemi PA, Blake W, Comber S, Hutchinson TH. Toxic metals in East African agro-ecosystems: Key risks for sustainable food production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 294:112973. [PMID: 34102465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The dramatic increase in world population underpins current escalating food demand, which requires increased productivity in the available arable land through agricultural intensification. Agricultural intensification involves increased agrochemicals use to increase land productivity. Increased uses of agrochemicals pose environmental and ecological risks such as contamination and water eutrophication. Consequently, toxic metals accumulate in plant products, thus entering the food chain leading to health concerns. To achieve this study, secondary data from peer-reviewed papers, universities, and government authorities were collected from a public database using Tanzania as a case study. Data from Science Direct, Web of Science, and other internet sources were gathered using specific keywords such as nutrient saturation and losses, water eutrophication, potentially toxic metal (PTEs), and impact of toxic metals on soils, water, and food safety. The reported toxic metal concentrations in agro-ecosystem worldwide are linked to agricultural intensification, mining, and urbanization. Statistical analysis of secondary data collected from East African agro-ecosystem had wide range of toxic metals concentration such as; mercury (0.001-11.0 mg Hg/kg), copper (0.14-312 mg Cu/kg), cadmium (0.02-13.8 mg Cd/kg), zinc (0.27-19.30 mg Zn/kg), lead (0.75-51.7 mg Pb/kg) and chromium (19.14-34.9 mg Cr/kg). In some cases, metal concentrations were above the FAO/WHO maximum permissible limits for soil health. To achieve high agricultural productivity and environmental safety, key research-informed policy needs are proposed: (i) development of regulatory guidelines for agrochemicals uses, (ii) establishment of agro-environmental quality indicators for soils and water assessment to monitor agro-ecosystem quality changes, and (iii) adoption of best farming practices such as split fertilization, cover cropping, reduced tillage, drip irrigation to ensure crop productivity and agro-ecosystem sustainability. Therefore, robust and representative evaluation of current soil contamination status, sources, and processes leading to pollution are paramount. To achieve safe and sustainable food production, management of potential toxic metal in agro-ecosystems is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mng'ong'o
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering (LiSBE), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Linus K Munishi
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering (LiSBE), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
| | - Patrick A Ndakidemi
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering (LiSBE), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
| | - William Blake
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Sean Comber
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Thomas H Hutchinson
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, UK.
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11
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Antoniadis V, Shaheen SM, Stärk HJ, Wennrich R, Levizou E, Merbach I, Rinklebe J. Phytoremediation potential of twelve wild plant species for toxic elements in a contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106233. [PMID: 33189990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Green remediation of soils highly contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) can be achieved using suitable plants. Such phytoremediation procedure often takes into consideration PTE concentrations in plants only, but not produced biomass. Phytoremediation potential of certain species of wild plants for PTEs in contaminated floodplain soils has not been assessed yet. Therefore, in this work 12 native species were tested, 3 of which (Poa angustifolia, Galium mollugo, and Stellaria holostea) to our knowledge have never been used before, in a two-year pot experiment and assessed their potential as phytoremediation species. The results showed that plant PTE concentrations were dramatically elevated for Cd and Zn in Alopecurus pratensis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus inermis, Artemisia vulgaris, Achillea millefolium, Galium mollugo, Stellaria holostea, and Silene vulgaris. A. vulgaris was by far the most highly PTE absorbing plant among the 12 tested in this work, especially concerning Zn, Cd, and to a lesser degree Cu and Ni. Also, among species non-studied-before, G. mollugo and S. holostea were characterized by high Zn and Cd uptake, while P. angustifolia did not. Assessing the number of harvests necessary to decrease soil PTE to half of the initial concentrations, it was found that for Cd plants would achieve site phytoremediation within 8 (A. vulgaris) to 28 (S. holostea) and 51 (G. mollugo) harvests, while for Zn, harvests ranged from 104 (A. vulgaris) to 209 (S. holostea), and 251 (A. millefolium). A clear grouping of the tested species according to their functional type was evident. Herbaceous species were collectively more efficient than grasses in PTE uptake combined by high biomass accumulation; thus, they may act as key-species in a phytoremediation-related concept. Our approach puts phytoremediation into a practical perspective as to whether the process can be achieved within a measureable amount of time. In conclusion, A. vulgaris behaved as a hyperaccumulator plant species in our heavily contaminated soil, while never-studied-before G. mollugo and S. holostea also had a hyperaccumulator behavior, especially for Cd and Zn. Although more research is necessary for conclusive results, our study is pivotal in that it would help in assessing plant species as potential phytoremediation species in heavily contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Hans-Joachim Stärk
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rainer Wennrich
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Efi Levizou
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Ines Merbach
- Versuchsstation Bad Lauchstädt, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Hallesche Straße 44, 06246 Bad Lauchstädt, Germany
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Ribeiro PG, Martins GC, Moreira CG, de Oliveira C, Andrade MLDC, Sales TS, Chagas WFT, Labory CRG, de Carvalho TS, Guilherme LRG. Interactions of cadmium and zinc in high zinc tolerant native species Andropogon gayanus cultivated in hydroponics: growth endpoints, metal bioaccumulation, and ultrastructural analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:45513-45526. [PMID: 32794095 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10183-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) toxicity causes physiological disorders and harms plants, interfering with the rehabilitation of areas affected by mining activities. This study evaluated how the exposure to Zn and/or Cd affects the growth of native andropogon grass (Andropogon gayanus Kunth) plants originally found in areas contaminated with Cd and/or Zn due to zinc mining activities. Plants were cultivated for 7 weeks in a nutrient solution treated with Zn (142.3-854.0 μM) or Cd (0.9-13.3 μM) separately or combined with a molar ratio of 64:1 (Zn:Cd). A control treatment was grown in a complete Hoagland and Arnon solution (without Cd). Plant height, stem diameter, internode length, dry weight, Cd and Zn concentration, and accumulation in shoots/roots, as well as ultrastructure of roots and leaves were analyzed at the end of the experiment. The root dry weight was not significantly affected by the addition of the metals. Moreover, Zn provided higher shoot dry weight (up to 160%) relative to control. Andropogon grass tolerated both metals better separately than when applied together. Transmission electron microscopy analyses showed modifications such as vesiculation and vacuolation in the ultrastructure of andropogon tissues by Cd and/or Zn. The andropogon grass was tolerant to the doses tested, evidencing that it has potential for recovering areas contaminated with Zn and/or Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Godinho Ribeiro
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Caixeta Martins
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, Pará, 66055-090, Brazil
| | | | - Cynthia de Oliveira
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Silva Sales
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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13
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Visconti D, Álvarez-Robles MJ, Fiorentino N, Fagnano M, Clemente R. Use of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata for the phytostabilization of mine soils amended with compost or biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127661. [PMID: 32688327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytostabilization of mine soils contaminated by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) requires plants tolerant to PTE toxicity and to the poor soil physico-chemical characteristics of these areas. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the phytostabilization potential of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata in mine soils amended with compost and biochar. Furthermore, the Environmental Risk of the soils and the effects of the phytostabilization process on the microbiological population size and activity in the soils were also determined. According to the Ecological Risk Index (ERI) the soils studied presented "very high risk" and As, Cd and Pb were the target elements for phytostabilization. Both amendments improved soil conditions (e.g., increasing total-N and total organic-C concentrations) and contributed to PTE (Cd, Pb and Zn) immobilization in the soil. Compost showed a more marked effect on soil microbial biomass and nutrients release in soil, which led to higher B. juncea and D. glomerata biomass in compost treated soils. Biochar treatment showed a positive effect only on D. glomerata growth, despite it provoked strong PTE immobilization in both soils. The addition of both amendments resulted in an overall reduction of PTE concentration in the plants compared to the control treatment. In addition, both plant species showed higher accumulation of PTE in the roots than in the shoots (transfer factor<1) independently of the treatment received. Therefore, they can be considered as good candidates for the phytostabilization of PTE contaminated mine soils in combination with organic amendments like biochar and compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Visconti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | | | - Nunzio Fiorentino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Massimo Fagnano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Rafael Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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14
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Agronomic Approaches for Characterization, Remediation, and Monitoring of Contaminated Sites. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10091335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With a view to conserving or improving soil ecosystem services, environment-friendly techniques, such as bio- and phytoremediation, can effectively be used for the characterization, risk assessment, and remediation of contaminated agricultural sites. Polyannual vegetation (meadows, poplar, and cane stands) is widely considered the most efficient tool for remediation (extraction of bioavailable fraction of contaminants), for undertaking safety measures (reducing the mobility of contaminants towards other environmental compartments), and for restoring the ecosystem services of contaminated agricultural sites (biomass production, groundwater protection, C storage, landscape quality improvement, and cultural and educational services). The roles of agronomic approaches will be reviewed by focusing on the various steps in the whole remediation process: (i) detailed environmental characterization; (ii) phytoremediation for reducing risks for the environment and human health; (iii) agronomic management for improving efficiency of phytoremediation; and (iv) biomass recycling in the win-win perspective of the circular economy.
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15
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Securing of an Industrial Soil Using Turfgrass Assisted by Biostimulants and Compost Amendment. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to study the effects of compost (applied at two rates) and two commercial microbial biostimulants on the mobility and bioavailability of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in an industrial soil phytostabilized by Dactylis glomerata L. or a mixed stand of grasses (Lolium perenne L., Poa pratensis L. and Festuca arundinacea Shreb.). The soil showed very high pseudototal and bioavailable concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), due to improper lead-acid batteries storage. Compost amendment in combination with the two biostimulants produced the best outcomes in terms of plant growth and nutrient uptake. The same mix of beneficial microbes improved soil biological fertility enhancing soil nitrogen fixing and ammonia oxidizing bacteria, while reduced the pore water and NH4NO3 extractable concentrations of Cd and at lower extent of Pb in soil. Accordingly, the lower mobility and bioavailability of Cd in soil determined a lower uptake and accumulation of Cd in shoots of different grass species. Our results suggest that a green cap with turfgrass assisted by biostimulants and compost amendment in PTE-contaminated industrial sites could be a reliable and effective practice to protect and restore soil biological fertility and to reduce the risk of PTE dispersion in the surrounding environment.
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Health Risk Assessment in Agricultural Soil Potentially Contaminated by Geogenic Thallium: Influence of Plant Species on Metal Mobility in Soil-Plant System. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10060890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In agricultural soils, thallium (Tl) of geogenic origin may represent a potential risk for human health, mainly via ingestion of food crops. In this work, a pot experiment was carried out to evaluate (1) the bioavailability of Tl and other potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in an agricultural soil with naturally occurring Tl; (2) the uptake and accumulation of PTEs in Lactuca sativa L. var. acephala, Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. DC and Silene latifolia Poir; (3) the health risks arising from plant and soil ingestion by different subpopulations and dermal contact of soil by farmers. In soil, only Tl and Pb pseudototal contents were above Italian screening values. Nevertheless, the promptly bioavailable contents of all PTEs were always below internationally recognized trigger values. Plants affected PTE bioavailability in soil by their rhizodepositions and accumulated PTEs in their shoots. Acceptable risks (hazard index < 1) arose from dietary intake of both L. sativa L., D. tenuifolia L. and dermal contact of soil by farmers. Significant health risks can derive from the intake of S. latifolia Poir. (accumulating high Tl concentrations), in particular by children (HI = 74). In conclusion, an adequate management and crop selection are needed to profitably exploit soils with geogenic Tl for agricultural purposes.
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17
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Potentially Toxic Element Availability and Risk Assessment of Cadmium Dietary Exposure after Repeated Croppings of Brassica juncea in a Contaminated Agricultural Soil. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10060880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phytoextraction of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is eco-friendly and cost-effective for remediating agricultural contaminated soils, but plants can only take up bioavailable forms of PTEs, thus meaning that bioavailability is the key for the feasibility of this technique. With the aims to assess the phytoextraction efficiency on an agricultural soil contaminated by Cr, Zn, Cd, and Pb and the changes induced by plants in PTE bioavailability and in human health risk due to dietary exposure, in this work we carried out a mesocosm experiment with three successive croppings of Brassica juncea, each followed by Rocket salad as bioindicator. Brassica juncea extracted more Zn and Cd than Cr and Pb, significantly reducing, after three repeated croppings, the bioavailable element concentrations in soil as a result of plant uptake and soil pH changes. For Cd, this reduction did not bring the bioavailable amounts obtained by soil extraction with NH4NO3 below the trigger value of 0.1 mg kg−1 set by some European countries. Nevertheless, the Hazard Quotient for Cd in Rocket salad decreased across three repeated croppings of Brassica juncea. This indicated the beginning of a re-equilibration process between soil PTE forms of different bioavailability, that are in a dynamic equilibrium, thus stressing the need to monitor the possible regeneration of the most readily bioavailable pool.
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