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Li S, Tang S, Chen H, Jin K. Soil nitrogen availability drives the response of soil microbial biomass to warming. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170505. [PMID: 38301778 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Although soil microbial biomass responses to experimental warming have been extensively studied, the mechanisms through which elevated temperatures influence soil microbial biomass remain unclear. In this study, we performed a global meta-analysis to quantify the global pattern of soil microbial biomass in response to warming. Our findings suggest that global warming effect is not apparent when all the data are pooled together, while warming does increase microbial biomass under specific conditions (Δ°C ≥ 2 °C). This constructive influence is particularly accentuated under certain circumstances, including high precipitation levels (>800 mm), short treatment durations (<1 year), and within agricultural ecosystems. More importantly, our findings suggest that the impact of global warming on soil microbial biomass is largely mediated by changes in soil nitrogen availability. These findings underscore the pivotal role of nitrogen availability in modulating the response of soil microbial biomass to warming, while also emphasizing the intricate influence between multiple factors such as temperature, duration, and precipitation in shaping the patterns of warming effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Li
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Shiming Tang
- Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affuirs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China.
| | - Hongyang Chen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ke Jin
- Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affuirs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China.
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2
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Morvan T, Lambert Y, Germain P, Lemercier B, Moreira M, Beff L. A dataset of physico-chemical properties, extractable organic N, N mineralization and physical organic matter fractionation of soils developed on loess silts, crystalline rocks and sedimentary rocks. Data Brief 2023; 51:109776. [PMID: 38053593 PMCID: PMC10694057 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A network of 137 cultivated fields covering the wide diversity of soils, crop rotations and cropping practices throughout the region of Brittany (France) was monitored to collect data on soil organic nitrogen (SON) mineralization and to identify the factors that explain the observed variability. The dataset presented in this article contains all of the information about the soils, which were subjected to pedological description and in-depth analysis of their topsoil properties. The topsoil (0-30 cm) was sampled by mixing 30 samples to obtain one composite per field, which was divided into one sub-sample sieved at 5 mm to analyze soil microbial biomass (SMB) and SON mineralization via anaerobic incubation, and one subsample dried at 40 °C and sieved at 2 mm. The physico-chemical analyses included the particle-size distribution of five fractions; organic matter (OM); organic C; organic N; pH (water); pH KCl; CEC (Metson); CEC (hexamminecobalt); exchangeable Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Na (hexamminecobalt); Olsen P; Dyer P; and total Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and P. Physical OM fractionation was used to characterize the 200-2000 µm and 50-200 µm fractions of particulate organic matter (POM). Finally, three chemical methods were used to determine extractable organic nitrogen (EON): hot KCl, hot water and phosphate buffer tests. This dataset covers a wide range of pedological situations and cropping systems, and is of great interest to scientists searching for soil properties that can explain SON mineralization. It provides original data on EON indices, SMB and multiple forms of P. This paper supports and supplements information presented in a previous article [1].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvon Lambert
- Chambres d'Agriculture de Bretagne, 35000 Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | - Laure Beff
- Chambres d'Agriculture de Bretagne, 35000 Rennes, France
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3
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Haider I, Ali MA, Sanaullah M, Ahmed N, Hussain S, Shakeel MT, Naqvi SAH, Dar JS, Moustafa M, Alshaharni MO. Unlocking the secrets of soil microbes: How decades-long contamination and heavy metals accumulation from sewage water and industrial effluents shape soil biological health. Chemosphere 2023; 342:140193. [PMID: 37722537 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination is posing severe threat to the soil health and environmental sustainability. Application of industrial and sewage waste as irrigation and growing urbanization and agricultural industry is the main reason for heavy metals pollution. Therefore, the present study was planned to assess the influence of different irrigation sources such as industrial effluents, sewage wastewater, tube well water, and canal water on the soil physio-chemical, soil biological, and enzymatic characteristics. Results showed that sewage waste and industrial effluents affect the soil pH, organic matter, total organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity. The highest total nickel (383.71 mg kg-1), lead (312.46 mg kg-1), cadmium (147.75 mg kg-1), and chromium (163.64 mg kg-1) were recorded with industrial effluents application. Whereas, industrial effluent greatly reduced the soil microbial biomass carbon (SMB-C), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMB-N), soil microbial biomass phosphorus (SMB-P), and soil microbial biomass sulphur (SMB-S) in the winter season at sowing time. Industrial effluent and sewage waste inhibited the soil enzymes activities. For instance, the minimum activity of amidase, urease, alkaline-phosphatase, β-glucosidase, arylsulphatase and dehydrogenase activity was noted with HMs contamination. The higher levels of metals accumulation was observed in vegetables grown in soil contaminated with untreated waste water and industrial effluent in comparison to soil irrigated with canal and tube well water. The mean increase in soil microbial parameters and enzyme activities was also observed in response to the change in season from winter to spring due to increase in soil mean temperature. The SMB-C, SMB-N, SMB-P and SMB-S showed significant positive correlation with soil enzymes (amidase, urease, alkaline-phosphatase, β-glucosidase, arylsulphatase and dehydrogenase). The heavy metals accumulation in soil is toxic to microorganisms and inhibits enzyme functions critical for nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition and can disrupt the delicate balance of soil ecosystem and may lead to long-term damage of soil biological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrees Haider
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif Ali
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sanaullah
- Institute of Soil Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmed
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taimoor Shakeel
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Javeed Shabbir Dar
- Department of Agronomy Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Agricultural College Dokri, Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed O Alshaharni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Dinesh R, Sreena CP, Sheeja TE, Kumar IPV, Praveena R, Charles S, Srinivasan V, Jayarajan K, Sajith V, Subila KP, Haritha P. Soil polluted with nano ZnO reveals unstable bacterial communities and decoupling of taxonomic and functional diversities. Sci Total Environ 2023; 889:164285. [PMID: 37209750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to relentless production and disposal of nano zinc oxide (nZnO), it has become critical to comprehend the serious risks large-scale accumulation of nZnO pose to bacterial communities in soil. The primary objective was to evaluate the changes in bacterial community structure and associated functional pathways through predictive metagenomic profiling and subsequent validation through Quantitative Realtime PCR in soil spiked with nZnO (0, 50, 200, 500 and 1000 mg Zn kg-1) and similar levels of bulk ZnO. The results revealed that soil microbial biomass-C, -N, -P, soil respiration and enzyme activities decreased markedly at higher ZnO levels. The alpha diversity decreased with increasing ZnO level, with more impact under nZnO, while beta diversity analyses indicated a distinct dose- dependent separation of bacterial communities. The dominant taxa including Proteobacteria, Bacterioidetes, Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes significantly increased in abundance, while Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi decreased in abundance with elevated nZnO and bZnO levels. Redundancy analysis indicated that changes in bacterial community structure instilled a greater dose- rather than size- specific response on key microbial parameters. Predicted key functions did not show a dose- specific response, and at 1000 mg Zn kg-1, methane metabolism as well as starch and sucrose metabolism was attenuated, while functions involving two component systems and bacterial secretion systems were enhanced under bZnO indicating better stress avoidance mechanism than under nZnO. Realtime PCR and microbial endpoint assays confirmed the metagenome derived taxonomic and functional data, respectively. Taxa and functions that varied substantially under stress were established as bioindicators to predict nZnO toxicity in soils. Taxon-function decoupling indicated that the soil bacterial communities deployed adaptive mechanisms under high ZnO, with lesser buffering capacity and resilience of communities under nZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dinesh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - C P Sreena
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - T E Sheeja
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India.
| | - I P Vijesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - R Praveena
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - Sona Charles
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - V Srinivasan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - K Jayarajan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - V Sajith
- National Institute of Technology, NIT Campus PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - K P Subila
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
| | - P Haritha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala 673012, India
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Zhuang W, Liu M, Wu Y, Ma J, Zhang Y, Su L, Liu Y, Zhao C, Fu S. Litter inputs exert greater influence over soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity than roots in a coniferous forest in north-south transition zone. Sci Total Environ 2023; 886:164009. [PMID: 37164105 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The changes in carbon inputs of litter and roots to forest soils caused by climate change will result in a serious cascade effect on soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity (Q10). To differentiate and quantify the effects of surface litter and living roots on soil respiration and Q10, and further explore the role of abiotic factors and microbial properties on soil respiration and Q10, a short-term (two years) detritus input and removal treatment experiment was conducted in a coniferous forest of central China. Soil temperature, soil moisture, C/N, microbial biomass and community composition were analyzed to explore the drive mechanisms of soil respiration and Q10 in response to carbon inputs. The results showed that litter addition increased soil respiration by 22 %, while litter or roots removal did not affect soil respiration, which might be ascribed to the "priming effects" mediated by fresh plant litter. We also found that litter addition increased Q10, while litter removal decreased Q10. Litter addition significantly enhanced the microbial biomass for any single functional group and altered soil microbial community composition. Structural equation model further proved that microbial biomass and community composition exerted stronger impacts on Q10 than do soil abiotic factors. Soil moisture, microbial biomass and community structure were main factors in predicting soil respiration. The study highlights the important role of litter inputs compared with living roots in carbon cycling in short-term and deepens our understanding on the complex relationships among soil respiration, soil micro-environment and microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Zhuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yalu Wu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jianting Ma
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Lei Su
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yanchun Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Cancan Zhao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Shenglei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Kaifeng 475004, China
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6
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Chen H, Rosinger C, Blagodatsky S, Reichel R, Li B, Kumar A, Rothardt S, Luo J, Brüggemann N, Kage H, Bonkowski M. Straw amendment and nitrification inhibitor controlling N losses and immobilization in a soil cooling-warming experiment. Sci Total Environ 2023; 870:162007. [PMID: 36739009 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is common practice in agriculture to apply high‑carbon amendments, e.g. straw, or nitrification inhibitors (NI) to reduce soil nitrogen (N) losses. However, little is known on the combined effects of straw and NI and how seasonal soil temperature variations further affect N immobilization. We conducted a 113-day mesocosm experiment with different levels of 15N-fertilizer application (N0: control; N1: 125 kg N ha-1; N2: 250 kg N ha-1) in an agricultural soil, amended with either wheat straw, NI or a combination of both in order to investigate N retention and loss from soil after a cooling-warming phase simulating a seasonal temperature shift, i.e., 30 days cooling phase at 7 °C and 10 days warming phase at 21 °C. Subsequently, soils were planted with barley as phytometers to study 15N-transfer to a following crop. Straw addition significantly reduced soil N-losses due to microbial N immobilization. Although carbon added as straw led to increased N2O emissions at high N fertilization, this was partly counterbalanced by NI. Soil cooling-warming strongly increased ammonification (+77 %), while nitrification was suppressed, and straw-induced microbial N immobilization dominated. N immobilized after straw addition was mineralized at the end of the experiment as indicated by structural equation models. Re-mineralization in N2 was sufficient, but still suboptimal in N0 and N1 at critical times of early barley growth. N-use efficiency of the 15N tracer decreased with fertilization intensity from 50 % in N1 to 35 % in N2, and straw amendment reduced NUE to 25 % at both fertilization rates. Straw amendment was most powerful in reducing N-losses (-41 %), in particular under variable soil temperature conditions, but NI enforced its effects by reducing N2O emission (-40 %) in N2 treatment. Sufficient N-fertilization coupled with straw application is required to adjust the timely re-mineralization of N for subsequent crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, Department of Biology, Germany
| | - Christoph Rosinger
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Sergey Blagodatsky
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, Department of Biology, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Reichel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio-and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany
| | - Bo Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Amit Kumar
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany; Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al Ain, UAE
| | - Steffen Rothardt
- Agronomy and Crop Science, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nicolas Brüggemann
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio-and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany
| | - Henning Kage
- Agronomy and Crop Science, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Bonkowski
- University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, Department of Biology, Germany
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Wang S, Gao P, Zhang Q, Shi Y, Guo X, Lv Q, Wu W, Zhang X, Li M, Meng Q. Biochar improves soil quality and wheat yield in saline-alkali soils beyond organic fertilizer in a 3-year field trial. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:19097-19110. [PMID: 36223021 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of biochar compared to organic fertilizer on soil quality and wheat yield in the saline-alkaline lands. A 3-year field trial was conducted on moderately saline-alkaline land in the Yellow River Delta region (YRD) with six treatments: biochar (B1: 5 t, B2: 10 t, B3: 20 t ha-1 year-1) and organic fertilizer (OF1: 5 t, OF2: 7.5 t ha-1 year-1) as well as control (CK). The results showed that both biochar and organic fertilizer increased total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), NH4+-N, and NO3--N, and reduced pH, thereby increasing soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), MBC/TOC ratio, and MBN/TN ratio, but organic fertilizer increased soil nutrients and microbial biomass better than biochar. Correlation analysis revealed that soil water content (SWC), soil salt content (SSC), and Na+ were the most important factors influencing wheat yield. When compared to CK, the SSC and Na+ decreased by 5.55-7.52% and 3.86-9.39%, respectively, and SWC increased by 5.14-5.62% in the biochar treatment, while they increased by 1.07-10.19%, 1.08-7.58%, and 2.96-3.84% in the organic fertilizer treatment, respectively. Accordingly, wheat yield of biochar treatment was 0.90-14.71% higher than that of organic fertilizer treatment (4.49-4.80 t ha-1) and CK (4.47 t ha-1). Collectively, B2 had the lowest SSC and Na+ and the highest yield and was significantly better than the organic fertilizer treatment, as well as efficiently increasing soil nutrients and microbial biomass, suggesting that it may be a better agricultural practice for improving soil quality and increasing wheat yield in the YRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
| | - Peiling Gao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China.
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China.
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulong Shi
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xianglin Guo
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
| | - Qingxin Lv
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
| | - Mengzhao Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
| | - Qingmei Meng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo City, 255049, Shandong province, China
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Torres-García MT, Oyonarte C, Cabello J, Guirado E, Rodríguez-Lozano B, Salinas-Bonillo MJ. The potential of groundwater-dependent ecosystems to enhance soil biological activity and soil fertility in drylands. Sci Total Environ 2022; 826:154111. [PMID: 35218827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water availability controls the functioning of dryland ecosystems, driving a patchy vegetation distribution, unequal nutrient availability, soil respiration in pulses, and limited productivity. Groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) are acknowledged to be decoupled from precipitation, since their vegetation relies on groundwater sources. Despite their relevance to enhance productivity in drylands, our understanding of how different components of GDEs interconnect (i.e., soil, vegetation, water) remains limited. We studied the GDE dominated by the deep-rooted phreatophyte Ziziphus lotus, a winter-deciduous shrub adapted to arid conditions along the Mediterranean basin. We aimed to disentangle whether the groundwater connection established by Z. lotus will foster soil biological activity and therefore soil fertility in drylands. We assessed (1) soil and vegetation dynamics over seasons (soil CO2 efflux and plant activity), (2) the effect of the patchy distribution on soil quality (properties and nutrient availability), and soil biological activity (microbial biomass and mineralization rates) as essential elements of biogeochemical cycles, and (3) the implications for preserving GDEs and their biogeochemical processes under climate change effects. We found that soil and vegetation dynamics respond to water availability. Whereas soil biological activity promptly responded to precipitation events, vegetation functioning relies on less superficial water and responded on different time scales. Soil quality was higher under the vegetation patches, as was soil biological activity. Our findings highlight the importance of groundwater connections and phreatophytic vegetation to increase litter inputs and organic matter into the soils, which in turn enhances soil quality and decomposition processes in drylands. However, biogeochemical processes are jeopardized in GDEs by climate change effects and land degradation due to the dependence of soil activity on: (1) precipitation for activation, and (2) phreatophytic vegetation for substrate accumulation. Therefore, desertification might modify biogeochemical cycles by disrupting key ecosystem processes such as soil microbial activity, organic matter mineralization, and plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trinidad Torres-García
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Spain; Andalusian Centre for the Monitoring and Assessment of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
| | - Cecilio Oyonarte
- Andalusian Centre for the Monitoring and Assessment of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Almería, Spain; Department of Agronomy, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Javier Cabello
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Spain; Andalusian Centre for the Monitoring and Assessment of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Emilio Guirado
- Andalusian Centre for the Monitoring and Assessment of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Almería, Spain; Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - M Jacoba Salinas-Bonillo
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Spain; Andalusian Centre for the Monitoring and Assessment of Global Change (CAESCG), University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Chahine S, Garau G, Castaldi P, Pinna MV, Melito S, Seddaiu G, Roggero PP. Stabilising fluoride in contaminated soils with monocalcium phosphate and municipal solid waste compost: microbial, biochemical and plant growth impact. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:41820-41833. [PMID: 35098453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of a municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) and monocalcium phosphate (MCP), alone or combined, on the mobility, toxicity, bioavailability and health risk of fluoride (1000 mg F-·kg-1) in an artificially polluted soil (pH 7.85). The addition of MCP (0.2% w/w) and MSWC (1% w/w) (alone and combined) to the contaminated soil reduced water-soluble (e.g. by more than 50% in MCP and MCP + MSWC-treated soils) and exchangeable F- fractions and increased the residual one. The addition of MSWC and MSWC + MCP to the contaminated soil significantly increased microbial biomass C (SMB-C; 1.3-3.6-fold) while all treatments increased the abundance of culturable heterotrophic bacteria (up to twofold in MSWC + MCP). Overall, dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, urease and phosphomonoesterase activities were enhanced in treated soils and positively correlated with SMB-C, but not with labile F-. All treatments increased carrot yield (up to 3.4-fold in MSWC + MCP), while bean growth was significantly enhanced only by MCP and MCP + MSWC (~ twofold). The opposite trend applied for F- uptake which was especially reduced in the edible part of carrot after soil amendment. A limited influence of MCP and MSWC on hazard quotient (HQ), due to bean and carrot consumption, was also recorded (i.e. HQ generally > 1). Results suggest that MCP and MSWC can be used in the recovery of soil chemical, microbial and biochemical status of F-rich agricultural soils. They also indicate that the bean and carrot cultivars employed in this study are likely unsuitable in such soils due to high F- uptake in edible parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Chahine
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Lebanese University, Dekwaneh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Giovanni Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Paola Castaldi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo di Ricerca Sulla Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Pinna
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Melito
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo di Ricerca Sulla Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Seddaiu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo di Ricerca Sulla Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Roggero
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo di Ricerca Sulla Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, Sassari, Italy
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10
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Muhammad I, Wang J, Khan A, Ahmad S, Yang L, Ali I, Zeeshan M, Ullah S, Fahad S, Ali S, Zhou XB. Impact of the mixture verses solo residue management and climatic conditions on soil microbial biomass carbon to nitrogen ratio: a systematic review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:64241-64252. [PMID: 34302248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15579-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cover crops (CCs) have been increasingly cultivated to boost soil quality, crop yield, and minimize environmental degradation compared with no cover crops (NCCs). There is no consensus of CCs under different climatic conditions on soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen ratio (SMBC/SMBN) are yet documented. Thus, a global meta-analysis of 40 currently available literature was carried out to elucidate the effect of CCs on SMBC and SMBN, and its ratio for cash and cover cropping systems was conducted. Our findings demonstrated that CCs increased SMBC, SMBN, and SMBC/SMBN ratios by 39, 51, and 20%, respectively, as compared to NCCs. The categorical meta-analyzes showed that the mixture of legume and nonlegume CCs decreased the SMBC, SMBN, and SMBC/SMBN ratios relative to the sole legume or nonlegume CCs. Nonlegume CCs enhanced the SMBC, SMBN, and SMBC/SMBN ratio compared to legume CCs. When CCs residues were incorporated into the soil or surface mulched, the SMBC and SMBN increased compared to the removal of residues. The effect of CCs on the SMBN and SMBC/SMBN ratio was higher in medium-textured soils compared to coarser or fine-textured soils, but coarser-textured soils have a higher SMBC. The effect of CCs on SMBN and SMBC/SMBN ratio was prominent on medium-textured soils having soil organic carbon (SOC) in the range of 10-20 mg g-1, pH > 6.5, and total nitrogen (TN) in the range of 1-2%. It was concluded that CCs enhanced SMBC, SMBN, and its ratio compared to NCCs. The response, however, varied depending on the soil properties and climatic region. Cover crops can boost the biological soil's health by increasing the microbial population's abundance compared to NCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Muhammad
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Ahmad Khan
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Izhar Ali
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Saif Ullah
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Shamsher Ali
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Xun Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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11
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Gao D, Liu Z, Bai E. Effects of in situ freeze-thaw cycles on winter soil respiration in mid-temperate plantation forests. Sci Total Environ 2021; 793:148567. [PMID: 34175599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As an important factor regulating soil carbon cycle, freeze-thaw cycle significantly affects winter soil respiration in temperate regions. However, few in situ studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of freeze-thaw cycle on soil respiration. Here, a field experiment was conducted to explore the response of winter soil respiration to freeze-thaw cycle and the underlying mechanisms in larch and Chinese pine plantation forests in a mid-temperate region. These results indicated that CO2 emissions during the freeze-thaw period accounted for 18.89-18.94% and 0.79-1.00% of the cumulative winter CO2 emissions and the annual soil CO2 emissions, respectively. Soil respiration rates during the thawing phase were 1.54-3.95 times higher than those during the freezing phase, which was mainly due to the increase of soil microbial biomass upon thawing. This effect declined during the second freeze-thaw cycle compared to the first freeze-thaw cycle due to the exhaustion of resources for microbes. The different responses of soil CO2 flux to freeze-thaw cycle between the two types of forests were mainly because of the difference in the thickness of litter layer, which plays an important role in regulating soil temperature and enzyme activity. These results suggest the intensity and frequency of freeze-thaw cycle strongly affect soil carbon emissions during the freeze-thaw cycle period. Therefore, these factors should be considered in laboratory studies and model simulations under climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decai Gao
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ziping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Edith Bai
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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12
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Pellegrini E, Boscutti F, Alberti G, Casolo V, Contin M, De Nobili M. Stand age, degree of encroachment and soil characteristics modulate changes of C and N cycles in dry grassland soils invaded by the N 2-fixing shrub Amorpha fruticosa. Sci Total Environ 2021; 792:148295. [PMID: 34147804 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The N2-fixing shrub Amorpha fruticosa L. is rapidly spreading in the dry riparian natural grasslands of Europe, altering ecosystem functions and depleting plant diversity. Alteration of the N cycle represents the key factor involved in invasions by N2-fixing plants with cascading effects on plant species richness. We hypothesized that A. fruticosa encroachment strongly impacts not only the N but also the C cycle and that the magnitude of such alterations may be modulated by soil characteristics. To test these hypotheses, we selected four river floodplains in North East of Italy and compared natural uninvaded grasslands with half invaded and completely invaded sites, based on A. fruticosa stand characteristic and relevant leaf traits and on soil properties related to soil texture and to C and N cycles. Soil organic matter mineralisation, ammonification and nitrification rates were determined. Soil nitrification increased remarkably with plant invasion while ammonification was significantly higher only in half invaded sites. Soil organic matter mineralisation, microbial biomass C sustained per soil organic C unit and nitrification positively correlated with stand age, regardless to the stage of the encroachment. Mineralisation and nitrification increased with soil organic C and total N in uninvaded and completely invaded sites, but decreased in half invaded sites. At the half invasion stage, trends in nitrification and CO2 mineralisation were transitionally reverted and remediation may be facilitated by less pronounced changes in soil properties compared to completely invaded sites. Direct effects of plant invasion are modulated by the action of soil characteristics such as soil organic C and clay contents, with soils rich in organic C showing larger nitrification and mineralisation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pellegrini
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 3rd floor, 2100, København Ø, Denmark; Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - F Boscutti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - G Alberti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - V Casolo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - M Contin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - M De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
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13
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Gao XL, Li X, Zhao L, Kuzyakov Y. Shrubs magnify soil phosphorus depletion in Tibetan meadows: Conclusions from C:N:P stoichiometry and deep soil profiles. Sci Total Environ 2021; 785:147320. [PMID: 33957589 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the proliferation of shrubs within grasslands stimulates soil phosphorus (P) cycling and increases topsoil P storage beneath their canopies. However, little is known regarding the impact of shrub encroachment on subsoil P storage, and whether shrubs mediate changes in soil stoichiometry, like increasing P cycling. In grazed meadows on the Tibetan Plateau, soil and roots were sampled to 1 m depth in shrubby Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis groves and the surrounding grassy areas. Shrubs had higher P content than grasses, but lower C:P ratios in their leaves, litter, and roots. Similarly, shrubs had higher microbial P content than grasses, but lower microbial biomass C:P and N:P ratios in the soil. The larger microbial P stock in the 1 m of soil beneath shrubs responded to the larger root P stock there as well. Thus, both the plants and microbes acquired more P in shrubby areas than in grassy areas by accelerating P mineralization. The greater net production of available P in the topsoil and the synthesis of microbial P throughout the profile under shrubs increased the P solubility. Total P, inorganic P, and organic P stocks were lower under shrubs than under grasses in the top 1 m of soil. This decrease in soil P storage beneath shrubs is most likely attributable to P leaching due to higher P solubility, heavy rainfall, and larger soil gaps. Moreover, shrubs also had larger plant biomass P stock compared to grasses, and thus the depletion of P from the top 1 m of soil was further magnified via plant biomass removal. We concluded that shrubs increase P cycling to overcome the stoichiometric imbalance between their P requirement and the supply in the soil, and the fast P cycling under shrubs magnify P depletion within the rooted soil depth in alpine meadows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng, Jinming Avenue, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Xiaogang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Chen N, Li X, Shi H, Hu Q, Zhang Y, Leng X. Effect of biodegradable film mulching on crop yield, soil microbial and enzymatic activities, and optimal levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer for the Zea mays crops in arid region. Sci Total Environ 2021; 776:145970. [PMID: 33647668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable film mulching (BM) is considered as the best alternative to plastic film mulching (PM) since it can prevent pollution caused due to plastic residues. However, the differences in soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities between BM and PM, especially for different soil water and nitrogen contents remain ambiguous. In this study, the effects of BM, PM, and no film mulching (NM) on soil microbial biomass C (Cmic), N (Nmic), soil enzymes, and soil C/N ratio in a cornfield were evaluated using experimental data from 2018 and 2019. Additionally, different irrigation depths (30 mm, 22.5 mm, and 15 mm) and N-fertilizer application levels (280 kg ha-1 and 210 kg ha-1) were used in BM. The experimental results demonstrated no apparent differences between the Cmic, Nmic, and soil enzymes between BM and PM in the early stage (elongation stage), but these values under BM were significantly lower than that of PM in the middle stage of crop growth (tasseling and filling stages). Soil sucrase, catalase, and urease under PM were increased by 20.2%, 0.6%, and 12.0%, respectively, compared to BM. The analysis of Cmic, Nmic, soil enzymes, and crop yield under different irrigation and N-fertilizer application levels demonstrated the preponderance of BM22.5, 280, showing the highest yield of 14,110.1 kg ha-1 and NUE of 61.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Xianyue Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
| | - Haibin Shi
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Qi Hu
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Xu Leng
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
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Shi XP, Bai YF, Song P, Liu YY, Zhang ZW, Zheng B, Jiang CQ, Wang YJ. Clonal integration and phosphorus management under light heterogeneity facilitate the growth and diversity of understory vegetation and soil fungal communities. Sci Total Environ 2021; 767:144322. [PMID: 33422956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The spatial heterogeneity of light and nutrient deficiency occurs in many forest understories. Proper fertilization management of unhealthy forests can benefit forest understory diversity and improve the stability of degraded soil; and clonal integration is a major advantage of resource sharing for many forest understory vegetation, such as pteridophytes. In this study, we tested whether understory soil fertilization and clonal integration under light heterogeneity were able to increase the performance and diversity of understory vegetation and soil microbial communities in nature. Field experiments-with or without phosphorus (P) addition, with intact or severed rhizome, and under homogeneous or heterogeneous light environments-were conducted in the understory of a typical evergreen forest in southeast China. Light heterogeneity, P addition and clonal integration promoted the growth, diversity and evenness of ferns and soil microbial biomass C, N and P (MBC, MBN and MBP) at both experimental plot and patch level. They also increased Chao1 richness and Shannon diversity of soil fungal communities at patch level, especially in the high light patches with P addition. The positive effects of P addition and clonal integration on the growth and diversity of ferns and soil microbial biomass were greatly increased under heterogeneous light. The positive effects of clonal integration on the growth were the greatest in the heterogeneous high light patches. Moreover, the interactive effect of P addition and clonal integration increased soil MBN and MBP. Clonal integration promoted the increased growth and diversity of ferns and soil MBC in the heterogeneous light environment (9.35%-35.19%), and enhanced soil MBN and MBP in the P addition treatment (9.03%-12.96%). The interactive effect of P addition and clonal integration largely led to the transition of fungal groups from slow-growing oligotrophic types to fast-growing copiotrophic types. Our results show that the interactions between clonal integration and/or P addition under light heterogeneity increase the benefits of ferns in light-rich patches, and further promote integrative performance of ferns and soil microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Shi
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan-Feng Bai
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ping Song
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhuo-Wen Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chun-Qian Jiang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Chen P, Liu Y, Mo C, Jiang Z, Yang J, Lin J. Microbial mechanism of biochar addition on nitrogen leaching and retention in tea soils from different plantation ages. Sci Total Environ 2021; 757:143817. [PMID: 33246734 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of biochar additions on N leaching and retention in tea soils and its microbial mechanism are still unclear. In this study, effects of biochar additions at rates of 0, 3% and 6% on N leaching, N retention and microbial responses in two tea soils with 20- and 60-year plantation ages were investigated under application with 15N-labeled urea. The results showed that cumulative mass of leached NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN was reduced by 20.9%-91.9%, 35.1%-66.9% and 40.0%-72.8% under biochar additions, respectively. The retention of TN in soil was increased by 1.2%-5.8% under biochar amendment. Fertilizer-N in the leachate was reduced by 28.8%-62.1%, while fertilizer-N retention in the soils was enhanced by 3.2%-23.9% with biochar application. Biochar addition of 6% showed the highest mitigation of N leaching and enhancement of TN retention across the two soils. Biochar additions increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities and changed the bacterial community composition, indicating that biochar addition increased the microbial N requirement, stimulated soil N cycling, including nitrification and denitrification processes, and enhanced microbial N immobilization in the tea soils. Those microbial responses to biochar addition were higher in 60-year-old soil relative to 20-year-old soil, leading to a higher enhancement of N retention and mitigation of N leaching. Soil pH was the prime factor that influenced soil microbes, and it strongly correlated with microbial biomass, enzyme activity, the relative abundance of dominant phyla and α-diversity indices. Therefore, the enhancement of microbial biomass, activity and shifts of bacterial community composition related to N cycling in response to biochar additions that increased the soil pH could be an important mechanism to better understand the biochar-induced N leaching mitigation and N retention enhancement in tea soils under different plantation ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoyang Mo
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenhui Jiang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingping Yang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jingdong Lin
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Visconti D, Álvarez-Robles MJ, Fiorentino N, Fagnano M, Clemente R. Use of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata for the phytostabilization of mine soils amended with compost or biochar. Chemosphere 2020; 260:127661. [PMID: 32688327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020b.127661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phytostabilization of mine soils contaminated by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) requires plants tolerant to PTE toxicity and to the poor soil physico-chemical characteristics of these areas. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the phytostabilization potential of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata in mine soils amended with compost and biochar. Furthermore, the Environmental Risk of the soils and the effects of the phytostabilization process on the microbiological population size and activity in the soils were also determined. According to the Ecological Risk Index (ERI) the soils studied presented "very high risk" and As, Cd and Pb were the target elements for phytostabilization. Both amendments improved soil conditions (e.g., increasing total-N and total organic-C concentrations) and contributed to PTE (Cd, Pb and Zn) immobilization in the soil. Compost showed a more marked effect on soil microbial biomass and nutrients release in soil, which led to higher B. juncea and D. glomerata biomass in compost treated soils. Biochar treatment showed a positive effect only on D. glomerata growth, despite it provoked strong PTE immobilization in both soils. The addition of both amendments resulted in an overall reduction of PTE concentration in the plants compared to the control treatment. In addition, both plant species showed higher accumulation of PTE in the roots than in the shoots (transfer factor<1) independently of the treatment received. Therefore, they can be considered as good candidates for the phytostabilization of PTE contaminated mine soils in combination with organic amendments like biochar and compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Visconti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | | | - Nunzio Fiorentino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Massimo Fagnano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Rafael Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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18
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Visconti D, Álvarez-Robles MJ, Fiorentino N, Fagnano M, Clemente R. Use of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata for the phytostabilization of mine soils amended with compost or biochar. Chemosphere 2020; 260:127661. [PMID: 32688327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytostabilization of mine soils contaminated by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) requires plants tolerant to PTE toxicity and to the poor soil physico-chemical characteristics of these areas. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the phytostabilization potential of Brassica juncea and Dactylis glomerata in mine soils amended with compost and biochar. Furthermore, the Environmental Risk of the soils and the effects of the phytostabilization process on the microbiological population size and activity in the soils were also determined. According to the Ecological Risk Index (ERI) the soils studied presented "very high risk" and As, Cd and Pb were the target elements for phytostabilization. Both amendments improved soil conditions (e.g., increasing total-N and total organic-C concentrations) and contributed to PTE (Cd, Pb and Zn) immobilization in the soil. Compost showed a more marked effect on soil microbial biomass and nutrients release in soil, which led to higher B. juncea and D. glomerata biomass in compost treated soils. Biochar treatment showed a positive effect only on D. glomerata growth, despite it provoked strong PTE immobilization in both soils. The addition of both amendments resulted in an overall reduction of PTE concentration in the plants compared to the control treatment. In addition, both plant species showed higher accumulation of PTE in the roots than in the shoots (transfer factor<1) independently of the treatment received. Therefore, they can be considered as good candidates for the phytostabilization of PTE contaminated mine soils in combination with organic amendments like biochar and compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Visconti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | | | - Nunzio Fiorentino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Massimo Fagnano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Rafael Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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19
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Blöcker L, Watson C, Wichern F. Living in the plastic age - Different short-term microbial response to microplastics addition to arable soils with contrasting soil organic matter content and farm management legacy. Environ Pollut 2020; 267:115468. [PMID: 32891047 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging pollutant found in many ecosystems including soils, where they may become toxic to organisms or alter their habitat. However, little is known about the influence of MPs on soil microorganisms and processes vital to ecosystem functioning in different soils. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the short-term effects of MPs pollution on soil microorganisms in two agricultural soils with contrasting soil organic matter content and microbial biomass as caused by farm management history (organic and conventional). Soils were amended with two kinds of raw MPs particles, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) in the size range of 200-630 μm at a rate of 1% w/w and incubated for 28 days. During incubation, microbial respiration was determined. After incubation, the microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), gene copy numbers of archaea, bacteria and fungi were quantified and extractions performed to gauge effects on C and N mineralisation. The results of this study showed no major detrimental effects of MPs on microbial activity. However, in particular PP reduced microbial biomass in both soils, with a stronger decline in the organic soil, showing lower resistance to MPs. Nevertheless, mineralisation processes remained on the same level, showing functional resistance of the microbial community to MPs addition in both soils. The microbial community composition was not significantly altered by MPs addition, even though fungi tended to decrease in the organic soil. Overall, management legacy had a stronger effect on soil microorganisms, with higher microbial biomass and activity in the organic soil. While this study does not answer whether MPs pollution has a negative impact on soil microorganisms, it highlights the need to consider potential interactive effects of environmental factors, land use and management with MPs on soil microbial communities and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Blöcker
- Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Germany Marie-Curie-Str. 1, D-47533, Kleve, Germany
| | - Conor Watson
- Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Germany Marie-Curie-Str. 1, D-47533, Kleve, Germany
| | - Florian Wichern
- Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Germany Marie-Curie-Str. 1, D-47533, Kleve, Germany.
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20
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Ali I, Ullah S, He L, Zhao Q, Iqbal A, Wei S, Shah T, Ali N, Bo Y, Adnan M, Amanullah, Jiang L. Combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer improves rice yield, microbial activity and N-metabolism in a pot experiment. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10311. [PMID: 33240639 PMCID: PMC7668215 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive use of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has resulted in high N loss, soil degradation, and environmental pollution in a changing climate. Soil biochar amendment is proposed as a climate change mitigation tool that supports carbon sequestration and reduces N losses and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the soil. The current study evaluated the impact of four different rates of biochar (B) (C/B0-0 t ha−1, B1-20 t ha−1, B2-40 t ha−1, and B3-60 t ha−1) and two N levels (N1; low (270 kg N ha−1) and N2; high (360 kg N ha−1)), on rice (cultivar Zhenguiai) grown in pots. Significant increases in the average soil microbial biomass N (SMBN) (88%) and carbon (87%) were recorded at the highest rate of 60-ton ha−1B and 360 kg N ha−1 compared to the control (N1C) during both seasons (S1 and S2). The photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), quantum yield of the photosystem (PS) II (ΦPS II), electron transport rate (ETR), and photochemical quenching (qP) were enhanced at low rates of biochar applications (20 to 40 t B ha−1) for high and low N rates across the seasons. Nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamine 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) activity were, on average, 39%, 55%, and 63% higher in the N1B3, N2B2, and N2B3 treatments, respectively than the N1C. The grain quality was higher in the N1B3 treatment than the N1C, i.e., the protein content (PC), amylose content (AC), percent brown rice (BRP), and percent milled rice (MRP) were, on average, 16%, 28%, 4.6%, and 5% higher, respectively in both seasons. The results of this study indicated that biochar addition to the soil in combination with N fertilizers increased the dry matter (DM) content, N uptake, and grain yield of rice by 24%, 27%, and 64%, respectively, compared to the N1C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Saif Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liang He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Quan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Anas Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shangqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tariq Shah
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Niyaz Ali
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Bo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Amanullah
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ligeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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21
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Bosch-Serra AD, Yagüe MR, Valdez AS, Domingo-Olivé F. Dairy cattle slurry fertilization management in an intensive Mediterranean agricultural system to sustain soil quality while enhancing rapeseed nutritional value. J Environ Manage 2020; 273:111092. [PMID: 32805582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Animal excreta are commonly recycled as fertilizers, although attention should be given to environmental impacts. Legislation must also be adapted to new research findings. The framework of this study is an intensive fodder Mediterranean agricultural system affected by EU legislation on the protection of waters against nitrate pollution. This paper studies the effect of two N based dairy cattle slurry (DCS) rates (170 vs. 250 kg N ha-1 yr-1) plus additional mineral N (up to 450 kg N ha-1 divided between two crops), on different soil quality parameters. A control (no N applied) was included. The experiment, which lasted for 8 years, included forage maize followed by ryegrass, grain maize and rapeseed. In the whole period, the organic carbon inputs from the DCS treatments comprised C slurry inputs (14.8 or 21.9 Mg ha-1) plus the C input difference in crop residues (8.3 Mg ha-1) between DCS and the control treatment. In the 0-0.3 m soil depth, slurries significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC) from by 2.3 or 2.7% yearly (c. 2.8 Mg C with 10 Mg C ha-1 input) mainly in its light fraction. The size of the microbial biomass increased by 5.1% yearly (c. 0.12 Mg C with 10 Mg C ha-1 input). A higher aggregate stability against slaking disruption was observed. Soil pH slightly decreased, P (Olsen) fertility increased (up to 10 mg P kg-1) as did K availability (up to 140 mg K kg-1) and Mn and Ni bioavailability. In rapeseed plants, seed Ca, S, Cu and Mn content increased as did K, S, Fe, Mn and Zn in the rest of the plant biomass. These changes were within acceptable concentration ranges. The higher N rate from DCS has proved useful for the circular nutrient economy, while improving soil physical and chemical quality and the sustainability of the agricultural system as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela D Bosch-Serra
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 198, E-25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - María R Yagüe
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 198, E-25198, Lleida, Spain; Agro-Environmental Department, Madrid Institute of Rural, Agricultural and Food Research and Development, Finca El Encín. km 38.1, Alcalá de Henares, E-28800, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alcira S Valdez
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 198, E-25198, Lleida, Spain; National University of Asunción, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, San Pedro de Ycuamandyyu, PY-020101, Paraguay.
| | - Francesc Domingo-Olivé
- IRTA Mas Badia, Agricultural Experimental Station Mas Badia, E-17134, La Tallada d'Empordà, Catalonia, Spain.
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22
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Lochon I, Carrère P, Yvin JC, Houdusse-Lemenager D, Bloor JMG. Impacts of low-level liming on soil respiration and forage production in a fertilized upland grassland in Central France. Sci Total Environ 2019; 697:134098. [PMID: 31476507 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liming is a common agricultural practice for improving acidic soils, but the addition of liming materials may also promote soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, with adverse effects for climate regulation. In grasslands, current understanding of liming impacts on greenhouse gas emissions is limited by a lack of field data on liming and soil respiration. Here we used a two-year field trial and in situ chamber measurements to evaluate the effects of repeated, low-level liming on soil CO2 emissions from an acidic managed grassland with high soil organic matter content. Soil pH, temperature and moisture were measured during the experiment, as well as microbial and plant biomass, in order to assess possible liming-induced changes to drivers of grassland carbon cycling. Soil CO2 emissions showed significant variation during the two-year study, driven primarily by fluctuations in soil temperature. Soil respiration rates were unaffected by liming treatment, despite significant lime-induced increases in soil pH. Liming was associated with a decrease in biomass produced per gram nitrogen, as well as a decrease in forage C:N in the second year and transient decreases in microbial C:N, but neither plant nor microbial biomass showed significant responses to liming addition. Collectively, our results suggest that positive effects of low-level liming on plants and soil are not offset by increases in soil CO2 emissions in situ, highlighting the potential for sustainable liming practices in fertilized grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lochon
- UCA, INRA, VetAgro-Sup, UREP, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CMI, Roullier Group, 35400 St Malo, France
| | - Pascal Carrère
- UCA, INRA, VetAgro-Sup, UREP, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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23
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Andrés P, Rosell-Melé A, Colomer-Ventura F, Denef K, Cotrufo MF, Riba M, Alcañiz JM. Belowground biota responses to maize biochar addition to the soil of a Mediterranean vineyard. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:1522-1532. [PMID: 30743944 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a high carbon material resulting from biomass pyrolysis that, when applied to croplands, can increase soil carbon and soil water retention. Both effects are of critical importance in semi-arid regions, where carbon decline and desertification are the main drivers of soil degradation. Since most environmental services provided by soil are mediated by belowground biota, effects of biochar on soil microbial and invertebrate communities must be evaluated under field conditions before its agricultural application can be recommended. We tested maize biochar for its mid-term effect on soil microbes and micro-arthropods of a Mediterranean vineyard. We applied biochar to three field plots with neutral sandy loam soils at a dose of 5 Mg ha-1. During two years, we monitored the abundance of functional groups of soil micro-arthropods and estimated the biomass of soil microbial groups. We also analyzed the δ13C value of microbial PLFA biomarkers to determine biochar-C utilization by each microbial group taking advantage of the δ13C natural abundance differences between the applied biochar and the soil. Biochar addition significantly reduced soil microbial biomass but did not alter the functional microbial diversity nor the abundance or biodiversity of soil micro-arthropods. The contribution of biochar-C to the diet of most microbial groups was very low through the monitoring period. However, two gram-negative bacterial groups increased their biochar-derived carbon uptake under extreme soil dryness, which suggests that biochar-C might help soil microbes to overcome the food shortage caused by drought. The decrease in microbial biomass observed in our experiment and the concomitant decrease of SOM mineralization could contribute to the carbon sequestration potential of Mediterranean soils after biochar addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Andrés
- CREAF, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; ICTA, Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes s/n, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- ICTA, Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes s/n, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Karolien Denef
- Central Instrument Facility, Chemistry Department, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue. Campus Delivery 1872. Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - M Francesca Cotrufo
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Soil and Crop Sciences Department, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake. Campus Delivery 1499. Fort Collins, CO 80523-1499, USA
| | - Miquel Riba
- CREAF, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Alcañiz
- CREAF, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès. Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Wang Y, Zhang M, Zhao L, Zhang W, Zhao T, Chu J, Qiu Y, Gong H, Li R. Effects of tetrabromobisphenol A on maize (Zea mays L.) physiological indexes, soil enzyme activity, and soil microbial biomass. Ecotoxicology 2019; 28:1-12. [PMID: 30460434 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
TetrabromobisphenolA (TBBPA) is the most widely used brominated flame retardant, and it has the characteristics of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), attracting considerable attention. Many studies mainly focus on TBBPA toxicological effects in aquatic animals and rodents, but the ecotoxicology data of TBBPA on plant-soil system are limited so far. In this study, we assessed the impacts of TBBPA on maize (Zea mays L.) physiological indexes, soil enzyme activity, and soil microbial biomass at different concentrations of TBBPA (0, 0.75, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 37.5 and 75 mg·kg-1) and explored their relationships. Results showed that the maize physiological indexes and chlorophyll contents were significantly decreased by TBBPA, the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) were remarkably enhanced. Meanwhile, TBBPA activated the CAT, POD and PPO activities in soil. The low concentrations TBBPA promoted the activities of soil urease (S-UE), neutral phosphatase (S-PE) and increased the soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and nitrogen (SMBN) while the high concentrations TBBPA suppressed them. Notably, the data indicated microbial biomass had respectively a significant correlation with CAT, PPO and S-UE in soil in the presence of TBBPA, and maize chlorophyll contents were associated with SMBN, CAT, and PPO. Taken together, TBBPA caused soil pollution, affected soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass, and hindered maize growth under the current experimental condition, suggesting the interactions among maize growth, soil enzyme, soil microorganism in maize rhizosphere of TBBPA-polluted soils are very important aspects to comprehensively evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of TBBPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingxuan Chu
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanhao Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hangyuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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25
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Singh JS, Gupta VK. Soil microbial biomass: A key soil driver in management of ecosystem functioning. Sci Total Environ 2018; 634:497-500. [PMID: 29635193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although patterns of microbial diversity and biomass have been described and reviewed at local and regional scales, a unifying driver, or set of environmental drivers affecting soil microbial biomass (SMB) pattern at global level is still missing. Biomass of soil microbial community, known as SMB is considered widely as the index of soil fertility and ecosystem productivity. The escalating soil stresses due to land degradation and climatic variability are directly correlated with loss of microbial diversity and abundance or biomass dynamics. Therefore, alleviating soil stresses on microbial communities with ecological restoration could reduce the unpredictability and turnover rates of SMB. Thus, the key ecological factors which stabilize the SMB and minimize its turnover, are supposed to play an important role in the soil nutrient dynamics and productivity of the ecosystems. Because of the existing public concern about the deleterious impacts of ecosystem degradation, there is an increasing interest in improving the understanding of SMB, and the way, it contributes to restoration and functioning of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Shankar Singh
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (Central) University, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
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26
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Rehman K, Shahzad T, Sahar A, Hussain S, Mahmood F, Siddique MH, Siddique MA, Rashid MI. Effect of Reactive Black 5 azo dye on soil processes related to C and N cycling. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4802. [PMID: 29844965 PMCID: PMC5969049 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Azo dyes are one of the largest classes of synthetic dyes being used in textile industries. It has been reported that 15-50% of these dyes find their way into wastewater that is often used for irrigation purpose in developing countries. The effect of azo dyes contamination on soil nitrogen (N) has been studied previously. However, how does the azo dye contamination affect soil carbon (C) cycling is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the effect of azo dye contamination (Reactive Black 5, 30 mg kg-1 dry soil), bacteria that decolorize this dye and dye + bacteria in the presence or absence of maize leaf litter on soil respiration, soil inorganic N and microbial biomass. We found that dye contamination did not induce any change in soil respiration, soil microbial biomass or soil inorganic N availability (P > 0.05). Litter evidently increased soil respiration. Our study concludes that the Reactive Black 5 azo dye (applied in low amount, i.e., 30 mg kg-1 dry soil) contamination did not modify organic matter decomposition, N mineralization and microbial biomass in a silty loam soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeeja Rehman
- Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanvir Shahzad
- Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad H Siddique
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Siddique
- Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I Rashid
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
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27
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Li D, Wen L, Jiang S, Song T, Wang K. Responses of soil nutrients and microbial communities to three restoration strategies in a karst area, southwest China. J Environ Manage 2018; 207:456-464. [PMID: 29197267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ecological restoration is widespread in the karst region, southwest China, but the impacts of different restoration strategies on soil fertility indices have rarely been compared. Here soil nutrients and microbial communities were measured 16 years after agricultural abandonment in a karst area, southwest China. Three restoration strategies were included, i.e., i) restoration with an economic tree species Toona sinensis (TS), ii) restoration with Guimu-1 hybrid elephant grass (GG), iii) restoration with a combination of Zenia insignis and Guimu-1 hybrid elephant grass (ZG). Cropland under maize-soybean rotation (CR) was used as reference. Soil organic carbon level was more than doubled in TS, and that in GG and ZG was elevated by about 50% relative to CR. Soil total nitrogen concentration in GG was not significantly different from CR, but that in TS and ZG was increased by 93% and 55% relative to CR. Similar to nitrogen, soil total phosphorus concentration in GG was not changed relative to CR, but that in TS and ZG were significantly increased. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen concentrations were significantly increased in TS and GG by 124% and 82%, respectively, compared to CR, but those in ZG and CR were similar. The abundance of total PLFAs (phospholipid fatty acids) was significantly increased by 55-69% following agricultural abandonment, and there was no significant difference among the three restoration strategies. The patterns of the other microbial groups and the ratio of fungal to bacterial (F:B) PLFAs were largely similar to that of total PLFAs. Soil organic carbon was identified as the primary factor affecting the abundance of soil microbial communities. Our findings suggest that the three restoration strategies, particularly TS are efficient in improving soil fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Wen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Tongqing Song
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
| | - Kelin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, Guangxi, China
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Calvo-Fernández J, Taboada Á, Fichtner A, Härdtle W, Calvo L, Marcos E. Time- and age-related effects of experimentally simulated nitrogen deposition on the functioning of montane heathland ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2018; 613-614:149-159. [PMID: 28910717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystems adapted to low nitrogen (N) conditions such as Calluna-heathlands are especially sensitive to enhanced atmospheric N deposition that affects many aspects of ecosystem functioning like nutrient cycling, soil properties and plant-microbial-enzyme relationships. We investigated the effects of five levels of experimentally-simulated N deposition rates (i.e., N fertilization treatments: 0, 10, 20 and 50kgNha-1yr-1 for 3years, and 56kgNha-1yr-1 for 10years) on: plant, litter, microbial biomass and soil nutrient contents, soil extracellular enzymatic activities, and plant root ericoid mycorrhizal colonization. The study was conducted in marginal montane Calluna-heathlands at different developmental stages resulting from management (young/building-phase and mature-phase). Our findings revealed that many soil properties did not show a statistically significant response to the experimental addition of N, including: total N, organic carbon (C), C:N ratio, extractable N-NO3-, available phosphorus (P), urease and β-glucosidase enzyme activities, and microbial biomass C and N. Our results also evidenced a considerable positive impact of chronic (10-year) high-N loading on soil extractable N-NH4+, acid phosphatase enzyme activity, Calluna root mycorrhizal colonization by ericoid fungi, Calluna shoot N and P contents, and litter N content and N:P ratio. The age of heathland vegetation influenced the effects of N addition on ericoid mycorrhizal colonization, resulting in higher colonized roots in young heathlands at the control, low and medium N-input rates; and in mature ones at the high and chronically high N rates. Also, young heathlands exhibited greater soil extractable N-NO3-, available P, microbial biomass N, Calluna shoot N and P contents, and litter N content, compared to mature ones. Our results highlighted that accounting for the N-input load and duration, as well as the developmental stage of the vegetation, is important for assessing the effects of added N, particularly at the heathlands' southern distribution limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Calvo-Fernández
- Area of Ecology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Environmental Research (IMA), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Ángela Taboada
- Area of Ecology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Environmental Research (IMA), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Andreas Fichtner
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Scharnhorststrasse 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Werner Härdtle
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Scharnhorststrasse 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Leonor Calvo
- Area of Ecology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Environmental Research (IMA), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Elena Marcos
- Area of Ecology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Environmental Research (IMA), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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Liao H, Chapman SJ, Li Y, Yao H. Dynamics of microbial biomass and community composition after short-term water status change in Chinese paddy soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:2932-2941. [PMID: 29147983 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0690-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Paddy soil experiences repeated anaerobic and aerobic changes during rice growth, the dramatic dynamics of soil water status accompanied by changes in redox condition and O2 availability. However, the effect of rapid water status change on soil microbial biomass and community composition is not well explored. Here, we present a comprehensive study focusing on the short-term water status change in 13 Chinese paddy soils. In order to gain a reliable way to determine soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in flooded or water-saturated soils, we also evaluated two different procedures (nitrogen bubbled and 100 °C water bath) to remove chloroform in extracts during the fumigation process. Compared to non-flooded paddy soils, the flooded paddy soils tended to have a lower microbial biomass, and this was much clearer using adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis compared to biomass measured by the fumigation method. Fungal biomass, which was indicated by both ergosterol and the PLFA 18:2ω6,9c, also decreased after short-term flooding. Changes in soil microbial community composition (determined by PLFA biomarkers) were observed after short-term flooding, but the extent varied between soils. This study indicates that the dynamics of short-term water status altered the soil microbial biomass (ATP, MBC, and total PLFA) and community composition. Finally, our results suggested that liquid fumigation combined with the nitrogen-bubbled method is the best choice for analyzing MBC concentrations in water-saturated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Liao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiying Yao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Chandra LR, Gupta S, Pande V, Singh N. Impact of forest vegetation on soil characteristics: a correlation between soil biological and physico-chemical properties. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:188. [PMID: 28330260 PMCID: PMC5009054 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperate and dry deciduous forest covers major portion of terrestrial ecosystem in India. The two forest types with different dominant tree species differ in litter quality and root exudates, thereby exerting species-specific impact on soil properties and microbial activity. This study aims to examine the influence of forest type or dominant tree species on soil physico-chemical properties and its relationship with microbial characters in temperate and dry deciduous forest types. We assessed soil physico-chemical properties among five different sites located within the selected forest stand covered by different dominant species. The soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN) and phosphorous (MBP) were recorded high in oak soil, i.e., the MBC/TOC ratio was significantly higher in dry deciduous forest. Basal respiration was recorded highest at oak-mixed soil while qCO2 was comparatively high in oak soil. Temperate forest displayed the highest MBC/MBN ratio, while dry deciduous forest had the highest MBC/MBP ratio. Moreover, the MBN/TN ratio was found high in dry deciduous forest, whereas MBP/TP ratio was high in temperate forest. Additionally, the enzyme activities were significantly higher in an oak-mixed soil among all the sites. The results displayed that the soil microbial characters and soil physico-chemical uniqueness are interrelated, and were significantly influenced by specific forest type and climatic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. R. Chandra
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136 India
| | - S. Gupta
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001 India
| | - V. Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136 India
| | - N. Singh
- Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001 India
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Zhang C, Nie S, Liang J, Zeng G, Wu H, Hua S, Liu J, Yuan Y, Xiao H, Deng L, Xiang H. Effects of heavy metals and soil physicochemical properties on wetland soil microbial biomass and bacterial community structure. Sci Total Environ 2016; 557-558:785-90. [PMID: 27046142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) contamination is a serious environmental issue in wetland soil. Understanding the micro ecological characteristic of HMs polluted wetland soil has become a public concern. The goal of this study was to identify the effects of HMs and soil physicochemical properties on soil microorganisms and prioritize some parameters that contributed significantly to soil microbial biomass (SMB) and bacterial community structure. Bacterial community structure was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Relationships between soil environment and microorganisms were analyzed by correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA). The result indicated relationship between SMB and HMs was weaker than SMB and physicochemical properties. The RDA showed all eight parameters explained 74.9% of the variation in the bacterial DGGE profiles. 43.4% (contain the variation shared by Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu) of the variation for bacteria was explained by the four kinds of HMs, demonstrating HMs contamination had a significant influence on the changes of bacterial community structure. Cr solely explained 19.4% (p<0.05) of the variation for bacterial community structure, and Cd explained 17.5% (p<0.05), indicating Cr and Cd were the major factors related to bacterial community structure changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shuang Nie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shanshan Hua
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yujie Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haibing Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Linjing Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Deng Q, Cheng X, Hui D, Zhang Q, Li M, Zhang Q. Soil microbial community and its interaction with soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics following afforestation in central China. Sci Total Environ 2016; 541:230-237. [PMID: 26410698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Afforestation may alter soil microbial community structure and function, and further affect soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. Here we investigated soil microbial carbon and nitrogen (MBC and MBN) and microbial community [e.g. bacteria (B), fungi (F)] derived from phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) analysis in afforested (implementing woodland and shrubland plantations) and adjacent croplands in central China. Relationships of microbial properties with biotic factors [litter, fine root, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and inorganic N], abiotic factors (soil temperature, moisture and pH), and major biological processes [basal microbial respiration, microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2), net N mineralization and nitrification] were developed. Afforested soils had higher mean MBC, MBN and MBN:TN ratios than the croplands due to an increase in litter input, but had lower MBC:SOC ratio resulting from low-quality (higher C:N ratio) litter. Afforested soils also had higher F:B ratio, which was probably attributed to higher C:N ratios in litter and soil, and shifts of soil inorganic N forms, water, pH and disturbance. Alterations in soil microbial biomass and community structure following afforestation were associated with declines in basal microbial respiration, qCO2, net N mineralization and nitrification, which likely maintained higher soil carbon and nitrogen storage and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Quanfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Ju C, Xu J, Wu X, Dong F, Liu X, Zheng Y. Effects of myclobutanil on soil microbial biomass, respiration, and soil nitrogen transformations. Environ Pollut 2016; 208:811-820. [PMID: 26590854 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A 3-month-long experiment was conducted to ascertain the effects of different concentrations of myclobutanil (0.4 mg kg(-1) soil [T1]; 1.2 mg kg(-1) soil [T3]; and 4 mg kg(-1) soil [T10]) on soil microbial biomass, respiration, and soil nitrogen transformations using two typical agricultural soils (Henan fluvo-aquic soil and Shanxi cinnamon soil). Soil was sampled after 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days of incubation to determine myclobutanil concentration and microbial parameters: soil basal respiration (RB), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), NO(-)3-N and NH(+)4-N concentrations, and gene abundance of total bacteria, N2-fixing bacteria, fungi, ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The half-lives of the different doses of myclobutanil varied from 20.3 to 69.3 d in the Henan soil and from 99 to 138.6 d in the Shanxi soil. In the Henan soil, the three treatments caused different degrees of short-term inhibition of RB and MBC, NH(+)4-N, and gene abundance of total bacteria, fungi, N2-fixing bacteria, AOA, and AOB, with the exception of a brief increase in NO(-)3-N content during the T10 treatment. The MBN (immobilized nitrogen) was not affected. In the Shanxi soil, MBC, the populations of total bacteria, fungi, and N2-fixing bacteria, and NH(+)4-N concentration were not significantly affected by myclobutanil. The RB and MBN were decreased transitorily in the T10 treatment. The NO(-)3-N concentrations and the abundance of both AOA and AOB were erratically stimulated by myclobutanil. Regardless of whether stimulation or suppression occurred, the effects of myclobutanil on the two soil types were short term. In summary, myclobutanil had no long-term negative effects on the soil microbial biomass, respiration, and soil nitrogen transformations in the two types of soil, even at 10-fold the recommended dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ju
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Xue K, van Nostrand JD, Vangronsveld J, Witters N, Janssen JO, Kumpiene J, Siebielec G, Galazka R, Giagnoni L, Arenella M, Zhou JZ, Renella G. Management with willow short rotation coppice increase the functional gene diversity and functional activity of a heavy metal polluted soil. Chemosphere 2015; 138:469-477. [PMID: 26183942 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We studied the microbial functional diversity, biochemical activity, heavy metals (HM) availability and soil toxicity of Cd, Pb and Zn contaminated soils, kept under grassland or short rotation coppice (SRC) to attenuate the risks associated with HM contamination and restore the soil ecological functions. Soil microbial functional diversity was analyzed by the GeoChip, a functional gene microarray containing probes for genes involved in nutrient cycling, metal resistance and stress response. Soil under SRC showed a higher abundance of microbial genes involved in C, N, P and S cycles and resistance to various HM, higher microbial biomass, respiration and enzyme activity rates, and lower HM availability than the grassland soil. The linkages between functional genes of soil microbial communities and soil chemical properties, HM availability and biochemical activity were also investigated. Soil toxicity and N, P and Pb availability were important factors in shaping the microbial functional diversity, as determined by CCA. We concluded that in HM contaminated soils the microbial functional diversity was positively influenced by SRC management through the reduction of HM availability and soil toxicity increase of nutrient cycling. The presented results can be important in predicting the long term environmental sustainability of plant-based soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Xue
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
| | - J D van Nostrand
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
| | - J Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - N Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - J O Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - J Kumpiene
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Technical University of Luleå, Luleå, Sweden
| | - G Siebielec
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - R Galazka
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - L Giagnoni
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - M Arenella
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - J-Z Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
| | - G Renella
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
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35
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Carbone S, Vittori Antisari L, Gaggia F, Baffoni L, Di Gioia D, Vianello G, Nannipieri P. Bioavailability and biological effect of engineered silver nanoparticles in a forest soil. J Hazard Mater 2014; 280:89-96. [PMID: 25133850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) as antimicrobial in food, clothing and medicine, leads inevitably to a loss of such nanomaterial in soil and water. Little is known about the effects of soil contamination, in particular, on microbial cells, which play a fundamental ecological role. In this work, the impact of SNPs on forest soil has been studied, investigating eco-physiological indicators of microbial biomass and microbial diversity with culture-dependent and independent techniques. Moreover, SNPs bioavailability and uptake were assessed. Soil samples were spiked with SNPs at two different concentrations (10 and 100 μg g(-1)dw) and incubated with the relative controls for 30, 60 and 90 days. The overall parameters showed a significant influence of the SNPs on the soil microbial community, revealing a marked shift after 60 days of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carbone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - L Vittori Antisari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Gaggia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Baffoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Di Gioia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - G Vianello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Nannipieri
- Dipartimento di Scienza del Suolo e Nutrizione della Pianta, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
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