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Stringari G, Villanueva J, Rosell-Melé A, Moraleda-Cibrián N, Orsini F, Villalba G, Gabarrell X. Assessment of greenhouse emissions of the green bean through the static enclosure technique. Sci Total Environ 2023; 874:162319. [PMID: 36801412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Urban green installations are extensively promoted to increase sustainable and accessible food production and simultaneously improve the environmental performance and liveability of city buildings. In addition to the multiple benefits of plant retrofitting, these installations may lead to a consistent increase in biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the urban environment, especially indoors. Accordingly, health concerns could limit the implementation of building-integrated agriculture. In a building-integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG), throughout the whole hydroponic cycle, green bean emissions were dynamically collected in a static enclosure. Four representative BVOCs, α-pinene (monoterpene), β-caryophyllene (sesquiterpene), linalool (oxygenated monoterpene) and cis-3-hexenol (LOX derivate), were investigated in the samples collected from two equivalent sections of a static enclosure, one empty and one occupied by the i-RTG plants, to estimate the volatile emission factor (EF). Throughout the season, extremely variable BVOC levels between 0.04 and 5.36 ppb were found with occasional but not significant (P > 0.05) variations between the two sections. The highest emission rates were observed during plant vegetative development, with EFs equivalent to 78.97, 75.85 and 51.34 ng g-1 h-1 for cis-3-hexenol, α-pinene, and linalool, respectively; at plant maturity, all volatiles were either close to the LLOQ (lowest limit of quantitation) or not detected. Consistent with previous studies significant relationships (r ≥ 0.92; P < 0.05) were individuated within volatiles and temperature and relative humidity of the sections. However, correlations were all negative and were mainly attributed to the relevant effect of the enclosure on the final sampling conditions. Overall, levels found were at least 15 folds lower than the given Risk and LCI values of the EU-LCI protocol for indoor environments, suggesting low BVOC exposure in the i-RTG. Statistical outcomes demonstrated the applicability of the static enclosure technique for fast BVOC emissions survey inside green retrofitted spaces. However, providing high sampling performance over entire BVOCs collection is recommended to reduce sampling error and incorrect estimation of the emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Stringari
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Villanueva
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Moraleda-Cibrián
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesco Orsini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gara Villalba
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Gabarrell
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain.
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Tarifa-Mateo N, Saña M, Clop X, Rosell-Melé A, Camalich-Massieu MD, Martín-Socas D. Investigating livestock management in the early Neolithic archaeological site of Cabecicos Negros (Almería, Spain) from the organic residue analysis in pottery. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4797. [PMID: 36959349 PMCID: PMC10036527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper seeks to reconstruct the management of food resources in the early Neolithic site of Cabecicos Negros in southeastern Spain. For this purpose, we have studied 29 potsherds from Cabecicos Negros (Andalusia, Spain). Applying the methods of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry we were able to recompose the daily use of the sherds related to the consumption and storage of food products. Among the results obtained in this work, we were able to show new evidence of the exploitation of dairy products in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, as well as provide information on the exploitation and management of the early domestic animals herds. To improve the archaeological results obtained, isotopic results were compared with a modern reference of 53 fat samples from the adipose tissue of domestic pigs and wild boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tarifa-Mateo
- Department of Prehistory, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - M Saña
- Department of Prehistory, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - X Clop
- Department of Prehistory, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Rosell-Melé
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA-UAB), Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M D Camalich-Massieu
- Department of Geography and History, Prehistory Area, University of La Laguna, 38200, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - D Martín-Socas
- Department of Geography and History, Prehistory Area, University of La Laguna, 38200, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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Davtian N, Penalva N, Rosell-Melé A, Villanueva J. Selective extraction of levoglucosan and its isomers from complex matrices using ligand exchange-solid phase extraction for analysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1695:463935. [PMID: 36965285 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of trace quantities of monosaccharide anhydrides (MAs) in sediments is complicated by the lack of fast and reliable technologies to selectively extract these water-soluble non-ionic compounds from samples of complex composition. Here we describe a solid phase extraction method that takes advantage of the affinity between monosaccharide anhydrides (MAs) and immobilized Na+ ions related to ligand-exchange processes (LE-SPE). The capacity factor of LE-SPE columns was enhanced by using non-aqueous mobile phases such as DCM/MeOH mixtures. We have used the unique properties of LE-SPE columns to selectively extract MAs from lacustrine, coastal, and deep-sea oceanic sediment samples. The analytical procedure produces extracts with low ion suppression effects (0-20%), resulting in ideal conditions for MAs quantification with LC-ESI-MS/MS systems irrespective of the sedimentary matrix and MAs concentration. The analytical method yields repeatable concentration values (RSD of 9-23% for levoglucosan and 15-34% for mannosan and galactosan) and an IS recovery of 45-70%. The instrumental dynamic range is 10-10000 pg injected, but in practice, the methodological lower limit of quantification is constrained by sample contamination during processing. The combination of LE-SPE and LC-ESI-MS/MS has the potential to produce sensitive and reliable technologies to analyze saccharides and amino acids in environmental and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Davtian
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Nuria Penalva
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Villanueva
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
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Arcas-Pilz V, Parada F, Villalba G, Rufí-Salis M, Rosell-Melé A, Gabarrell Durany X. Improving the Fertigation of Soilless Urban Vertical Agriculture Through the Combination of Struvite and Rhizobia Inoculation in Phaseolus vulgaris. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:649304. [PMID: 34113362 PMCID: PMC8186444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.649304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soilless crop production is a viable way to promote vertical agriculture in urban areas, but it relies extensively on the use of mineral fertilizer. Thus, the benefits of fresher, local food and avoiding the transportation and packaging associated with food import could be counteracted by an increase in nutrient-rich wastewater, which could contribute to freshwater and marine eutrophication. The present study aimed to explore the use of mineral fertilizer substitutes in soilless agriculture. Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) was fertilized with a combination of slow-releasing fertilizer struvite (a source of N, P, and Mg), which is a byproduct of wastewater treatment plants, and inoculation with Rhizobium (a N2-fixing soil bacteria). The experiment included three bean-production lines: (A) 2 g/plant of struvite and rhizobial inoculation; (B) 5 g/plant of struvite and rhizobial inoculation, both irrigated with a Mg-, P-, and N-free nutrient solution; and (C) a control treatment that consisted of irrigation with a full nutrient solution and no inoculation. Plant growth, development, yields, and nutrient contents were determined at 35, 62, and 84 days after transplanting as well as biological N2 fixation, which was determined using the 15N natural abundance method. Treatments A and B resulted in lower total yields per plant than the control C treatment (e.g., 59.35 ± 26.4 g plant-1 for A, 74.2 ± 23.0 g plant-1 for B, and 147.71 ± 45.3 g plant-1 for C). For A and B, the nodulation and N2 fixation capacities appeared to increase with the amount of initially available struvite, but, over time, deficient levels of Mg were reached as well as nearly deficient levels of P, which could explain the lower yields. Nevertheless, we conclude that the combination of struvite and N2-fixing bacteria covered the N needs of plants throughout the growth cycle. However, further studies are needed to determine the optimal struvite quantities for vertical agriculture systems that can meet the P and Mg requirements throughout the lifetime of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Arcas-Pilz
- Sostenipra Research Group (2017 SGR 1683), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (CEX2019-000940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Parada
- Sostenipra Research Group (2017 SGR 1683), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (CEX2019-000940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gara Villalba
- Sostenipra Research Group (2017 SGR 1683), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (CEX2019-000940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Rufí-Salis
- Sostenipra Research Group (2017 SGR 1683), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (CEX2019-000940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gabarrell Durany
- Sostenipra Research Group (2017 SGR 1683), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (CEX2019-000940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Bell SM, Terrer C, Barriocanal C, Jackson RB, Rosell-Melé A. Soil organic carbon accumulation rates on Mediterranean abandoned agricultural lands. Sci Total Environ 2021; 759:143535. [PMID: 33190903 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Secondary succession on abandoned agricultural lands can produce climate change mitigation co-benefits, such as soil carbon sequestration. However, the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in Mediterranean regions has been difficult to predict and is subject to multiple environmental and land management factors. Gains, losses, and no significant changes have all been reported. Here we compile chronosequence data (n = 113) from published studies and new field sites to assess the response of SOC to agricultural land abandonment in peninsular Spain. We found an overall SOC accumulation rate of +2.3% yr-1 post-abandonment. SOC dynamics are highly variable and context-dependent. Minimal change occurs on abandoned cereal croplands compared to abandoned woody croplands (+4% yr-1). Accumulation is most prevalent within a Goldilocks climatic window of ~13-17 °C and ~450-900 mm precipitation, promoting >100% gains after three decades. Our secondary forest field sites accrued 40.8 Mg C ha-1 (+172%) following abandonment and displayed greater SOC and N depth heterogeneity than natural forests demonstrating the long-lasting impact of agriculture. Although changes in regional climate and crop types abandoned will impact future carbon sequestration, abandonment remains a low-cost, long-term natural climate solution best incorporated in tandem with other multipurpose sustainable land management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Bell
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - César Terrer
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA, USA; Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carles Barriocanal
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; GRAM, Department of Geography, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert B Jackson
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Woods Institute for the Environment, Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Abstract
Marine primary productivity (PP) is the driving factor in the global marine carbon cycle. Its reconstruction in past climates relies on biogeochemical proxies that are not considered to provide an unequivocal signal. These are often based on the water column flux of biogenic components to sediments (organic carbon, biogenic opal, biomarkers), although other factors than productivity are posited to control the sedimentary contents of the components, and their flux is related to the fraction of export production buried in sediments. Moreover, most flux proxies have not been globally appraised. Here, we assess a proxy to quantify past phytoplankton biomass by correlating the concentration of C37 alkenones in a global suite of core-top sediments with sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSchla) estimates over the last 20 y. SSchla is the central metric to calculate phytoplankton biomass and is directly related to PP. We show that the global spatial distribution of sedimentary alkenones is primarily correlated to SSchla rather than diagenetic factors such as the oxygen concentration in bottom waters, which challenges previous assumptions on the role of preservation on driving concentrations of sedimentary organic compounds. Moreover, our results suggest that the rate of global carbon export to sediments is not regionally constrained, and that alkenones producers play a dominant role in the global export of carbon buried in the seafloor. This study shows the potential of using sedimentary alkenones to estimate past phytoplankton biomass, which in turn can be used to infer past PP in the global ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Raja
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain;
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Andrés P, Rosell-Melé A, Colomer-Ventura F, Denef K, Cotrufo MF, Riba M, Alcañiz JM. Belowground biota responses to maize biochar addition to the soil of a Mediterranean vineyard. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:1522-1532. [PMID: 30743944 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a high carbon material resulting from biomass pyrolysis that, when applied to croplands, can increase soil carbon and soil water retention. Both effects are of critical importance in semi-arid regions, where carbon decline and desertification are the main drivers of soil degradation. Since most environmental services provided by soil are mediated by belowground biota, effects of biochar on soil microbial and invertebrate communities must be evaluated under field conditions before its agricultural application can be recommended. We tested maize biochar for its mid-term effect on soil microbes and micro-arthropods of a Mediterranean vineyard. We applied biochar to three field plots with neutral sandy loam soils at a dose of 5 Mg ha-1. During two years, we monitored the abundance of functional groups of soil micro-arthropods and estimated the biomass of soil microbial groups. We also analyzed the δ13C value of microbial PLFA biomarkers to determine biochar-C utilization by each microbial group taking advantage of the δ13C natural abundance differences between the applied biochar and the soil. Biochar addition significantly reduced soil microbial biomass but did not alter the functional microbial diversity nor the abundance or biodiversity of soil micro-arthropods. The contribution of biochar-C to the diet of most microbial groups was very low through the monitoring period. However, two gram-negative bacterial groups increased their biochar-derived carbon uptake under extreme soil dryness, which suggests that biochar-C might help soil microbes to overcome the food shortage caused by drought. The decrease in microbial biomass observed in our experiment and the concomitant decrease of SOM mineralization could contribute to the carbon sequestration potential of Mediterranean soils after biochar addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Andrés
- CREAF, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; ICTA, Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes s/n, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- ICTA, Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes s/n, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Karolien Denef
- Central Instrument Facility, Chemistry Department, Colorado State University, 1301 Center Avenue. Campus Delivery 1872. Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - M Francesca Cotrufo
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Soil and Crop Sciences Department, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake. Campus Delivery 1499. Fort Collins, CO 80523-1499, USA
| | - Miquel Riba
- CREAF, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Alcañiz
- CREAF, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès. Barcelona, Spain
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Orta-Martínez M, Rosell-Melé A, Cartró-Sabaté M, O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Moraleda-Cibrián N, Mayor P. First evidences of Amazonian wildlife feeding on petroleum-contaminated soils: A new exposure route to petrogenic compounds? Environ Res 2018; 160:514-517. [PMID: 29103585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Videos recorded with infrared camera traps placed in petroleum contaminated areas of the Peruvian Amazon have shown that four wildlife species, the most important for indigenous peoples' diet (lowland tapir, paca, red-brocket deer and collared peccary), consume oil-contaminated soils and water. Further research is needed to clarify whether Amazonian wildlife's geophagy can be a route of exposure to petrogenic contamination for populations living in the vicinity of oil extraction areas and relying on subsistence hunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Orta-Martínez
- International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Hague, The Netherlands; Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Instituto de Geografía, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mar Cartró-Sabaté
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Moraleda-Cibrián
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pedro Mayor
- Dept. Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, CEP 66077-901, Brazil; FundAmazonia, Iquitos, Peru
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Rosell-Melé A, Moraleda-Cibrián N, Cartró-Sabaté M, Colomer-Ventura F, Mayor P, Orta-Martínez M. Oil pollution in soils and sediments from the Northern Peruvian Amazon. Sci Total Environ 2018; 610-611:1010-1019. [PMID: 28847095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil has been extracted from the Northern Peruvian Amazon for over four decades. However, few scientific studies have assessed the impacts of such activities in the environment and health of indigenous communities in the region. We have investigated the occurrence of petrogenic hydrocarbon pollution in soils and sediments from areas favoured as hunting or fishing grounds by local indigenous inhabitants. The study was conducted in one of the most productive oil blocks in Peru, located in the headwaters of the Amazon river. Soils and river sediments, in the vicinity of oil extraction and processing infrastructure, contained an oil pollution signature as attested by the occurrence of hopanes and steranes. Given the lack of any other significant source of oil pollution in the region, the sources of hydrocarbons are likely to be the activities of the oil industry in the oil block, from voluntary discharges or accidental spills. Spillage of produced water was commonplace until 2009. Moreover, petrogenic compounds were absent in control samples in sites far removed from any oil infrastructure in the oil block. Our findings suggest that wildlife and indigenous populations in this region of the Amazon are exposed to the ingestion of oil polluted soils and sediments. The data obtained supports previous claims that the local spillage of oil and produced waters in the water courses in the Corrientes and Pastaza basins could have eventually reached the main water course of the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Núria Moraleda-Cibrián
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mar Cartró-Sabaté
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ferran Colomer-Ventura
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pedro Mayor
- Dept. Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; FUNDAMAZONIA, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, CEP 66077-901, Brazil
| | - Martí Orta-Martínez
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Hague, The Netherlands; Instituto de Geografía, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
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Compte-Port S, Subirats J, Fillol M, Sànchez-Melsió A, Marcé R, Rivas-Ruiz P, Rosell-Melé A, Borrego CM. Abundance and Co-Distribution of Widespread Marine Archaeal Lineages in Surface Sediments of Freshwater Water Bodies across the Iberian Peninsula. Microb Ecol 2017; 74:776-787. [PMID: 28508926 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Archaea inhabiting marine and freshwater sediments have a relevant role in organic carbon mineralization, affecting carbon fluxes at a global scale. Despite current evidences suggesting that freshwater sediments largely contribute to this process, few large-scale surveys have been addressed to uncover archaeal diversity and abundance in freshwater sedimentary habitats. In this work, we quantified and high-throughput sequenced the archaeal 16S rRNA gene from surficial sediments collected in 21 inland waterbodies across the Iberian Peninsula differing in typology and trophic status. Whereas methanogenic groups were dominant in most of the studied systems, especially in organic-rich sediments, archaea affiliated to widespread marine lineages (the Bathyarchaeota and the Thermoplasmata) were also ubiquitous and particularly abundant in euxinic sediments. In these systems, Bathyarchaeota communities were dominated by subgroups Bathyarchaeota-6 (87.95 ± 12.71%) and Bathyarchaeota-15 (8.17 ± 9.2%) whereas communities of Thermoplasmata were mainly composed of members of the order Thermoplasmatales. Our results also indicate that Archaea accounted for a minor fraction of sedimentary prokaryotes despite remarkable exceptions in reservoirs and some stratified lakes. Copy numbers of archaeal and bathyarchaeotal 16S rRNA genes were significantly different when compared according to system type (i.e., lakes, ponds, and reservoirs), but no differences were obtained when compared according to their trophic status (from oligotrophy to eutrophy). Interestingly, we obtained significant correlations between the abundance of reads (Spearman r = 0.5, p = 0.021) and OTU richness (Spearman r = 0.677, p < 0.001) of Bathyarchaeota and Thermoplasmata across systems, reinforcing the hypothesis of a potential syntrophic interaction between members of both lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Compte-Port
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Subirats
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Mireia Fillol
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Sànchez-Melsió
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcé
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Pedro Rivas-Ruiz
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles M Borrego
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
- Group of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, 17003, Girona, Spain.
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Ache M, Delgado-Raack S, Molina E, Risch R, Rosell-Melé A. Dataset on the evidence of bee products processing: A functional definition of a specialized type of macro-lithic tool. Data Brief 2017; 14:738-758. [PMID: 28948198 PMCID: PMC5602746 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The database includes spatial, chronological and technological information about the analyzed tools in the article entitled "Evidence of bee products processing: a functional definition of a specialized type of macro-lithic tool" (Ache et al., 2017 [1]). The technological information refers to the tool type, its rock type, weight, state of preservation, morphology, metrical data and functional features. We also provide an index of acronyms to properly understand the dataset published here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Ache
- ASOME (Grup de Recerca de Arqueoecologia Social Mediterrània), Department of Prehistory, Edifici B, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Selina Delgado-Raack
- ASOME (Grup de Recerca de Arqueoecologia Social Mediterrània), Department of Prehistory, Edifici B, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elena Molina
- ASOME (Grup de Recerca de Arqueoecologia Social Mediterrània), Department of Prehistory, Edifici B, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institute of Environmental Science & Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Roberto Risch
- ASOME (Grup de Recerca de Arqueoecologia Social Mediterrània), Department of Prehistory, Edifici B, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institute of Environmental Science & Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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12
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Yusta-García R, Orta-Martínez M, Mayor P, González-Crespo C, Rosell-Melé A. Water contamination from oil extraction activities in Northern Peruvian Amazonian rivers. Environ Pollut 2017; 225:370-380. [PMID: 28408186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil extraction activities in the Northern Peruvian Amazon have generated a long-standing socio-environmental conflict between oil companies, governmental authorities and indigenous communities, partly derived from the discharge of produced waters containing high amounts of heavy metals and hydrocarbons. To assess the impact of produced waters discharges we conducted a meta-analysis of 2951 river water and 652 produced water chemical analyses from governmental institutions and oil companies reports, collected in four Amazonian river basins (Marañon, Tigre, Corrientes and Pastaza) and their tributaries. Produced water discharges had much higher concentrations of chloride, barium, cadmium and lead than are typically found in fresh waters, resulting in the widespread contamination of the natural water courses. A significant number of water samples had levels of cadmium, barium, hexavalent chromium and lead that did not meet Peruvian and international water standards. Our study shows that spillage of produced water in Peruvian Amazon rivers placed at risk indigenous population and wildlife during several decades. Furthermore, the impact of such activities in the headwaters of the Amazon extended well beyond the boundaries of oil concessions and national borders, which should be taken into consideration when evaluating large scale anthropogenic impacts in the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Yusta-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Martí Orta-Martínez
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro Mayor
- Dept. Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Carlos González-Crespo
- Dept. Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Huguet C, Fietz S, Rosell-Melé A, Daura X, Costenaro L. Molecular dynamics simulation study of the effect of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether hydroxylation on membrane thermostability. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 2017; 1859:966-974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Fernández-Llamazares Á, Méndez-López ME, Díaz-Reviriego I, McBride MF, Pyhälä A, Rosell-Melé A, Reyes-García V. Links between media communication and local perceptions of climate change in an indigenous society. Clim Change 2015; 131:307-320. [PMID: 26166919 PMCID: PMC4496462 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-015-1381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous societies hold a great deal of ethnoclimatological knowledge that could potentially be of key importance for both climate change science and local adaptation; yet, we lack studies examining how such knowledge might be shaped by media communication. This study systematically investigates the interplay between local observations of climate change and the reception of media information amongst the Tsimane', an indigenous society of Bolivian Amazonia where the scientific discourse of anthropogenic climate change has barely reached. Specifically, we conducted a Randomized Evaluation with a sample of 424 household heads in 12 villages to test to what degree local accounts of climate change are influenced by externally influenced awareness. We randomly assigned villages to a treatment and control group, conducted workshops on climate change with villages in the treatment group, and evaluated the effects of information dissemination on individual climate change perceptions. Results of this work suggest that providing climate change information through participatory workshops does not noticeably influence individual perceptions of climate change. Such findings stress the challenges involved in translating between local and scientific framings of climate change, and gives cause for concern about how to integrate indigenous peoples and local knowledge with global climate change policy debates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Metapopulation Research Centre, MRC, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA Edifici Z, Carrer de les Columnes Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 – Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain Tel.: (+34)935868649
| | | | - Isabel Díaz-Reviriego
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marissa F. McBride
- Metapopulation Research Centre, MRC, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aili Pyhälä
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Metapopulation Research Centre, MRC, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Moraleda-Cibrián N, Carrassón M, Rosell-Melé A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in European hake (Merluccius merluccius) muscle from the Western Mediterranean Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 95:513-519. [PMID: 25869202 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were quantified in muscle tissue of European hake, an ecologically and commercially important species. Samples were collected from the Western Mediterranean, in seven different stations at different depths and a batch was bought in a local market. PCBs are the dominant pollutants, but the overall concentrations do not show significant differences between the different specimens analyzed from various locations, with the exception of the concentration of PCBs at a shallow station close to the River Besòs mouth. This probably suggests that generally the pollutants in hake from the Western Mediterranean derive from historical and non-point sources. The occurrence of pollutants is widespread in the samples but their concentration is below recommended legal limits for fish or other foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Moraleda-Cibrián
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08913 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maite Carrassón
- Departament de Biologia Animal de Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08913 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08913 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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16
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Schmittner A, Urban NM, Shakun JD, Mahowald NM, Clark PU, Bartlein PJ, Mix AC, Rosell-Melé A. Climate sensitivity estimated from temperature reconstructions of the Last Glacial Maximum. Science 2011; 334:1385-8. [PMID: 22116027 DOI: 10.1126/science.1203513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Assessing the impact of future anthropogenic carbon emissions is currently impeded by uncertainties in our knowledge of equilibrium climate sensitivity to atmospheric carbon dioxide doubling. Previous studies suggest 3 kelvin (K) as the best estimate, 2 to 4.5 K as the 66% probability range, and nonzero probabilities for much higher values, the latter implying a small chance of high-impact climate changes that would be difficult to avoid. Here, combining extensive sea and land surface temperature reconstructions from the Last Glacial Maximum with climate model simulations, we estimate a lower median (2.3 K) and reduced uncertainty (1.7 to 2.6 K as the 66% probability range, which can be widened using alternate assumptions or data subsets). Assuming that paleoclimatic constraints apply to the future, as predicted by our model, these results imply a lower probability of imminent extreme climatic change than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schmittner
- College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-5503, USA.
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17
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Fietz S, Martínez-Garcia A, Huguet C, Rueda G, Rosell-Melé A. Constraints in the application of the Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraether index as a terrestrial input proxy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jc007062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Elordui-Zapatarietxe S, Rosell-Melé A, Moraleda N, Tolosa I, Albaigés J. Phase distribution of hydrocarbons in the water column after a pelagic deep ocean oil spill. Mar Pollut Bull 2010; 60:1667-1673. [PMID: 20673676 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Spills from wrecks are a potential major source of pollution in the deep ocean. However, not much is known about the fate of a spill at several kilometers depth, beyond the oceans continental shelves. Here, we report the phase distribution of hydrocarbons released from the wrecks of the Prestige tanker, several years after it sank in November 2002 to depths between 3500 and 3800 m. The released oil reached the surface waters above the wrecks without any signs of weathering and leaving an homogenous signature throughout the water column. At depths of several kilometers below the sea surface, the occurrence and spread of the deep sea oil spill could be evaluated better by quantifying and characterizing the dissolved hydrocarbon signature, rather than just the investigation of hydrocarbons in the suspended particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Elordui-Zapatarietxe
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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Martínez-Garcia A, Rosell-Melé A, McClymont EL, Gersonde R, Haug GH. Subpolar link to the emergence of the modern equatorial Pacific cold tongue. Science 2010; 328:1550-3. [PMID: 20558716 DOI: 10.1126/science.1184480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The cold upwelling "tongue" of the eastern equatorial Pacific is a central energetic feature of the ocean, dominating both the mean state and temporal variability of climate in the tropics and beyond. Recent evidence for the development of the modern cold tongue during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition has been explained as the result of extratropical cooling that drove a shoaling of the thermocline. We have found that the sub-Antarctic and sub-Arctic regions underwent substantial cooling nearly synchronous to the cold tongue development, thereby providing support for this hypothesis. In addition, we show that sub-Antarctic climate changed in its response to Earth's orbital variations, from a subtropical to a subpolar pattern, as expected if cooling shrank the warm-water sphere of the ocean and thus contracted the subtropical gyres.
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Escala M, Fietz S, Rueda G, Rosell-Melé A. Analytical Considerations for the Use of the Paleothermometer Tetraether Index86 and the Branched vs Isoprenoid Tetraether Index Regarding the Choice of Cleanup and Instrumental Conditions. Anal Chem 2009; 81:2701-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8027678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Escala
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain, and ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Susanne Fietz
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain, and ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gemma Rueda
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain, and ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain, and ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
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Elordui-Zapatarietxe S, Albaigés J, Rosell-Melé A. Fast preparation of the seawater accommodated fraction of heavy fuel oil by sonication. Chemosphere 2008; 73:1811-1816. [PMID: 18834612 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The seawater accommodated fraction (SWAF) of oil is widely used for the assessment of its toxicity. However, its preparation in the laboratory is time consuming, and results from different authors are difficult to compare as preparation methods vary. Here we describe a simple and fast set up, using sonication, to produce reproducible SWAF in the laboratory. The system was tested on heavy fuel oil placed on seawater at different salinity and temperature conditions. Maximum dissolution of the oil was achieved after 24h, independently of both seawater salinity and temperature. Our findings are discussed in relation to the fate of the oil from the deep spill of the Prestige tanker. Changes in temperature in the open ocean are bound to have larger impact in the concentration of the SWAF than the corresponding values of sea water salinity. We anticipate that in this type of incident the highest SWAF, as the oil reaches the sea surface, should be expected in the warmest and less saline waters of the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Elordui-Zapatarietxe
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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Rosell-Melé A. Languages: Catalan speakers learn a wider range. Nature 2008; 455:26. [DOI: 10.1038/455026b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rosell-Melé A, McClymont EL. Chapter Eleven Biomarkers as Paleoceanographic Proxies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5480(07)01016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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Cofaigh CÓ, Taylor J, Dowdeswell JA, Rosell-Melé A, Kenyon NH, Evans J, Mienert J. Sediment reworking on high-latitude continental margins and its implications for palaeoceanographic studies: insights from the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.2002.203.01.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGeological evidence indicates that sediment reworking is common around the continental margins and abyssal depths of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, a high-latitude setting with glacier-influenced margins. Detailed analysis of 22 cores up to 5 m long, placed in context by accompanying geophysical data including high resolution sub-bottom profiles, swath bathymetry and backscatter maps, indicates that reworking is variable and ranges from debris flows and turbidity currents, to bottom-current activity, as well as iceberg scouring. Reworking by debris flows appears to be restricted mainly to the main trough-mouth fans and sediment slides. Elsewhere, turbidity-current activity frequently dominates, although iceberg ploughing down to 600 m depth and current winnowing assume increasing significance on continental shelves. Reworking in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea reflects variations in ice-sheet dynamics that, in turn, influence the rate of sediment delivery and location of depocentres. Spatial variations in the style of reworking may also reflect the influence of continental slope gradient and bedrock geology on continental shelves. The widespread nature of sediment reworking has important implications for palaeoceanographic investigations in the region, as reworking can result in erosion and disturbance of the sediment column. It is estimated that less than 7% of material delivered to the Norwegian-Greenland Sea since the Late Weichselian is derived from hemipelagic and pelagic sedimentation. This problem is significant where continuous, high-resolution records of hemipelagic and pelagic sedimentation are required, and attempts are made to correlate with other high-resolution proxy records, such as ice cores, at sub-millennial scales. Bioturbation results in the smoothing of high-resolution records and imposes a maximum resolution for sediment-core time-slices of generally 400 years or more. In the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, areas of high sedimentation such as trough-mouth fans or contourite drifts are commonly associated with extensive reworking. Identification of reworking is particularly important where attempts are made to link records of iceberg-rafted debris to past ice-sheet dynamics, as bottom-current winnowing and mass-flow processes can increase the concentration of coarse-grained iceberg-rafted debris. Such localized accentuation of the iceberg-rafted debris signal may lead to erroneous palaeo-environmental interpretations. It is therefore critical that palaeoceanographic interpretations are firmly underpinned by an explicit sedimentological assessment of reworking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm Ó Cofaigh
- Scott Polar Research Institute and Department of Geography, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK
| | - Justin Taylor
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Julian A. Dowdeswell
- Scott Polar Research Institute and Department of Geography, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- ICREA, Centre of Environmental Studies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcalona 018193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neil H. Kenyon
- Southampton Oceanography Centre European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Jeffrey Evans
- British Antarctic Survey High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Jürgen Mienert
- Department of Geology, University of Tromsø Dramsveien 201, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Rosell-Melé A, Carter JF, Maxwell JR. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of porphyrins by using an atmospheric pressure interface. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 1996; 7:965-971. [PMID: 24203611 DOI: 10.1016/1044-0305(96)80515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/1996] [Revised: 03/27/1996] [Accepted: 04/01/1996] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A method is described for the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) mass spectrometry analysis of porphyrin mixtures by using an atmospheric pressure interface, which can operate in two modes: pneumatically assisted elecrrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI). Optimization of the conditions and evaluation of spectral information has been carried out by using direct injection of free-base and metallo porphyrin standards. The most effective results were obtained using APCI. HPLC-APCI mass spectrometry analysis of the demetallated vanadyl porphyrin fraction from the Triassic Serpiano oil shale has allowed rapid characterization of the distribution; more than 50 significant components are present. The presence of trace amounts of high molecular weight (>C33) cycloalkano porphyrins indicates the occurrence of photic zone anoxia in the ancient water column. This example illustrates the potential of the approach for studies of porphyrin mixtures of environmental or biological significance, which should be applicable to other types of metallo and free-base components that can be separated by HPLC under normal or reversed-phase conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosell-Melé
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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