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Yousuf H, Zahid MA, Madara PC, Jony JA, Park S, Song JC, Yi J. Assessing soil pollution concerns in proximity to Fence-type solar photovoltaic system installations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32156. [PMID: 38873682 PMCID: PMC11170189 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study conducted in the Kyungpook National University Eco-friendly Agriculture Research Centre between 2022 and 2023 investigates the environmental implications of fence-type solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in diverse agricultural settings. Despite the increasing adoption of solar energy for climate change mitigation, there is a noticeable gap in research regarding the potential environmental impact of these specific PV systems. Focusing on heavy metal concentrations, including Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Arsenic (As), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6), Zinc (Zn), and Nickel (Ni), across distinct fields, the study reveals significant fluctuations. Notably, the Rice Field experienced a substantial increase in Cd levels from 0.47 mg/kg in 2022 to 1.55 mg/kg in 2023, while Cu and Pb concentrations decreased to acceptable levels in 2023. The findings underscore the dynamic nature of heavy metal concentrations, emphasizing the importance of continuous soil quality monitoring to prevent contamination. This research provides valuable insights into the impact of fence-type solar PV system installations on agricultural soil quality, emphasizing the urgent need to secure these ecosystems through vigilant monitoring and environmental management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Yousuf
- Interdisciplinary Program in Photovoltaic System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Aleem Zahid
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Polgampola Chamani Madara
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jaljalalul Abedin Jony
- Interdisciplinary Program in Photovoltaic System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sangheon Park
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Chun Song
- Corporate Collaboration Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Junsin Yi
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Chen S, Zhang M, Zhang W, Shao X, Yang X, Yang Z, Nan K. The Causal Association Between Blood Lead and Sleep Disorders: Evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian Randomization Analysis. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:462-469. [PMID: 38372894 PMCID: PMC11176123 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00199-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep quality is a global public health concern. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for sleep disorders and clarify their causal effects. METHODS Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Mendelian randomization (MR)-Base databases. Baseline characteristics of individuals with and without sleep disorders were compared. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the effects of each variable on sleep disorders. Causal effects of blood lead levels and hypertension on sleep disorders were assessed using MR analysis. RESULTS In total, 3660 individuals were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of self-reported sleep disorders was 26.21%. Serum lead level, serum mercury level, serum retinol level, prevalence of hypertension, and daily vigorous work duration were significantly higher for those in the sleep disorders group than the control group. After adjusting for various covariates, the effects of serum lead and hypertension on sleep disorders were stable from logistic regression models 1-4. MR analysis showed that blood lead levels were causally related to the risk of sleep disorders (odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.17, P = 0.030). There was no causal link between elevated blood pressure and sleep disorders (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.94-1.04, P = 0.757). Goodness-of-fit tests and sensitivity analyses were used to verify the reliability of the results. CONCLUSIONS Blood lead is positively and causally associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders. These findings provide a novel perspective regarding sleep protection. Taking effective measures to reduce lead exposure may significantly improve sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
- Medical Department, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolong Shao
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- Hongdong County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hongdong, 041600, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Kai Nan
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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Ying Q, Ye M, Zhang T, Xia Z, Chen H. Increased MCHC*RDW-SD interaction values: indicators of neurological impairment in lead-poisoned children. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17017. [PMID: 38436014 PMCID: PMC10908253 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The neurotoxic effects of lead in children can have long-lasting and profound impacts on the developing nervous system. This study aimed to identify a reliable and easily accessible biomarker to monitor neurological impairment in lead-poisoned children. Methods We analyzed hematological data from 356 lead-poisoned children, comparing them with age and gender-matched healthy controls. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were employed to identify and evaluate potential biomarkers for neurological damage. Results Significant changes in erythrocyte parameters were observed in lead-poisoned children. Upon further analysis, increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD) interaction values were found to be significantly associated with neurological impairment. The MCHC*RDW-SD interaction model demonstrated an AUC of 0.76, indicating its effectiveness in reflecting neurological damage. Additionally, the MCHC*RDW-SD Interaction value showed weak or no correlation with other erythrocyte parameters, suggesting its independence as an indicator. Conclusion Our findings propose the increased MCHC*RDW-SD interaction value as a robust and independent biomarker for detecting neurological impairment in lead-poisoned children. This underscores the potential of utilizing specific erythrocyte parameters for screening the neurotoxic effects of lead exposure in pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingji Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mengsi Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhaobo Xia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huale Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Li J, Liu JZ, Tai XS, Jiao L, Zhang M, Zang F. Pollution and source-specific risk analysis of potentially toxic metals in urban soils of an oasis-tourist city in northwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:55. [PMID: 38263529 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Source-specific risk apportionment for soil potentially toxic metals (PTMs) is of great significance for contamination prevention and risk management in urban environments. Eighty-five urban soil samples were obtained from an oasis-tourist city, China and examined for eight PTMs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn). The pollution levels, sources, and ecological risk of soil PTMs were quantified, and their source-specific ecological and human health effects were also estimated using the multi-proxy approaches. The results demonstrated that accumulation of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn in soils was observed compared to their background levels, and the soils experienced varying degrees of PTMs pollution, especially at sites with high-intensity anthropogenic activities. Natural sources, atmospheric deposition, industrial sources, vehicular emissions, and comprehensive inputs were the principal sources, with contributions of 29.28%, 25.86%, 20.13%, 16.50%, and 8.23%, respectively. The integrated ecological risks of PTMs in soils were moderate at most sites, with atmospheric deposition being the dominant contributor to ecological risks. Children exhibited pronounced non-cancer risks, but adults had no notable non-cancer risks. Moreover, there were potential carcinogenic risks for both children and adults within the study region. Non-cancer and carcinogenic risks were more significant for children than adults, and traffic emissions were the primary contributor to non-cancer risks (adults: 20.53%, children: 20.49%) and carcinogenic risks (adults: 22.95%, children: 22.08%). The industrial and traffic activities were considered as priority control sources for soil pollution control and risk management, with Hg, Cd, Zn, and Pb corresponding to the priority elements. This study highlights the source-specific ecological and human health effects of PTMs pollution in urban soils, thereby providing valuable information for targeted pollution control and priority source management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jun-Zhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Tai
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Liang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fei Zang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
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Mahmood F, Zehra SS, Hasan M, Zafar A, Tariq T, Javed HU, Shu X, Xue H, Hatami M. Morpho-physiological growth performance and anti-oxidative capabilities of Acacia jacquemontii and Acacia nilotica upon exposure to Co 3O 4 Nbs in lead-contaminated soil. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108081. [PMID: 37847972 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Immense crowd of heavy metal in cultivated land is evolving as a global concern as a result of boosted level of soil toxicity. Amongst various metals, Lead (Pb) contamination has become alarming for plant and human heath through ingesting of polluted soils and food crops. To counterfeit this, a nanotechnological neutralizer effective in form of soiling of cobalt oxide Co3O4 Nbs to Acacia jacquemontii and Acacia nilotica with various meditations as 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm). A Substantial result was observed on growth of plants but premium results were got by applications of cobalt oxide Nbs at 75 ppm. By this means, enhanced root length (39%), fresh weight (32%), shoot length (58%), as well as dry weight (28%) in selected Acacia species compared to control. Chlrophy contents in A. jacquemontii were estimated to be 0.23, 2.73 and 3.19 mg/L with treated with different concentrations of cobalt Nbs while in A. nilotica, the contents were 0.51, 2.93 and 3.12 mg/L respectively on same concentration. The atomic absorption (AAS), antioxidant activity and defendable positive comeback by using Co3O4 Nbs. Hence, the greenly synthesized Co3O4 Nbs counter acts lead toxicity to override and preserving the growth of plant. Such nanotechnological kits can consequently enhance the alternative system to stunned toxicity for distinguish the yield demand end to end with the progress of agronomic management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sadaf Zehra
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Murtaza Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University Melbourne, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Tuba Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Umer Javed
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xugang Shu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Huang Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Mehrnaz Hatami
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran.
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Zhou X, Almatrafi E, Liu S, Yan H, Ma D, Qian S, Qin L, Yi H, Fu Y, Li L, Zhang M, Xu F, Li H, Zhou C, Yan M, Zeng G, Lai C. Insight into the selection of oxidant in persulfate activation system: The effect of the target pollutant properties. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132363. [PMID: 37633017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
As a rising branch of advanced oxidation processes, persulfate activation has attracted growing attention. Unlike catalysts that have been widely studied, the selection of persulfate is previously overlooked. In this study, the affecting factors of persulfates were studied. The effect of target pollutant properties on superior persulfate species (the species with a higher degradation efficiency) was investigated by multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/persulfate catalytic systems. Innovatively, the EHOMO (or vertical ionization potential (VIP)) value of the target pollutant was proposed to be an index to judge the superior persulfate species, and the threshold is VIP= 6.397-6.674 eV, EHOMO= -8.035∼- 7.810 eV, respectively. To be specific, when the VIP of phenolic compounds is higher (or EHOMO of phenolic compounds is lower) than the threshold, the catalytic performance of peroxymonosulfate would be higher than that of peroxydisulfate. Moreover, the effects of coexisting cations on peroxydisulfate superior species were further investigated. It was illustrated that the hydrated cation radius of coexisting cations would influence the pollutant degradation efficiency under some circumstances. This study provides a new approach to improve the cost of persulfate activation systems and promotes the underlying downstream application of persulfate activation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huchuan Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dengsheng Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shixian Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Fuhang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Hanxi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ming Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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Zhang H, Yu Z, Zhu C, Yang R, Yan B, Jiang G. Green or not? Environmental challenges from photovoltaic technology. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121066. [PMID: 36639047 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The booming demands for energy and the drive towards low-carbon energy sources have prompted a worldwide emerging constructions of photovoltaic (PV) solar energy facilities. Compared with fossil-based electrical power system, PV solar energy has significantly lower pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. However, PV solar technology are not free of adverse environmental consequences such as biodiversity and habitat loss, climatic effects, resource consumption, and disposal of massive end-of-life PV panels. This review highlights the benefits and potential environmental impacts of implementing PV technologies. To the end, some proposals are recommended to improve this new technology's sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Ruiqiang Yang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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Li F, Yu T, Huang Z, Jiang T, Wang L, Hou Q, Tang Q, Liu J, Yang Z. Leaching experiments and risk assessment to explore the migration and risk of potentially toxic elements in soil from black shale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:156922. [PMID: 35803429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Black shale is rich in potentially toxic elements (PTEs) that migrate through rock weathering or rainfall, adversely affecting human health and the environment. In this study, simulated rainfall leaching experiments were used to investigate the migration patterns and leaching kinetics of PTEs in black shale from the Lower Cambrian Hetang Formation and to analyze the water quality index (WQI) of PTEs in the leachate. A comparison between the risk of PTEs in the leachate and those in the soil was also made to determine the risk sources, risk status, and distribution characteristics of PTEs in the study area. The WQI of the indoor column experimental leachate indicated the highest As contamination. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk (Er) of soils in the entire region revealed that the risk of Cd was the highest. Furthermore, by mapping the distribution of Igeo and Er in soils, the risk level in the region where black shale is located was found to be significantly higher than that in other areas. Comparing the leaching rate of PTEs with the WQI from leaching experiments, the risk associated with As in soil can be inferred to originate mainly from the leaching of black shale. Previous studies on PTEs in black shale in the study area tended to focus on Cd; however, this study found that the risk of As was not negligible. The health risk assessment also showed that the risk at the location of black shale was beyond the accepted range. Overall, this study provided a new and important evaluation law for the level of pollution by PTEs and health risks in typical black shale regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Li
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China.
| | - Zhenzhong Huang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tianyu Jiang
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qingye Hou
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qifeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China; National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Jiuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China; National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Wang J, Gao P, Li MY, Ma JY, Li JY, Yang DL, Cui DL, Xiang P. Dermal bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity of heavy metals in urban soils from a typical plateau city: Implication for human health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155544. [PMID: 35489519 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dermal exposure of heavy metals in contaminated urban soils poses huge environmental health risks globally. However, their dermal bioaccessibility and adverse effects on human skin cells were not fully understood. In this study, we measured the total and dermal bioaccessibility of Cr, As, Cd, Pb, and Cu in four selected urban soil samples from Kunming, Yunnan, China, and evaluated the cellular responses of these bioaccessible extracts on human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Among all the metals, only As in Soil-3 (S3) exceeded Chinese risk screening and Yunnan background values at 38.2 mg/kg. The average concentrations of Cr, As, Cd, Pb, and Cu in all soil samples were 47.79, 15.50, 3.11, 104.27, and 180.29 mg/kg respectively. Although relatively high concentrations of heavy metals were detected in soil samples, the highest dermal bioaccessibility of Cd was 3.57% with others' being lower than 1%. The bioaccessible dermal-absorbed doses (DADs) of Cr, As, Cd, Pb, and Cu from soils reflected acceptable health risks since all DADs were below the corresponding derived dermal reference values. However, the toxic data showed the extracts of S3 and S4 presented certain cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells, indicating the existing models based on dermal bioaccessibility and DADs may be not accurate enough to assess their human health risk. Taken together, the human health risk assessment should be modified by taking their skin cytotoxicity into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Meng-Ying Li
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jiao-Yang Ma
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jing-Ya Li
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Dan-Lei Yang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Dao-Lei Cui
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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Sharma P, Gujjala LKS, Varjani S, Kumar S. Emerging microalgae-based technologies in biorefinery and risk assessment issues: Bioeconomy for sustainable development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152417. [PMID: 34923013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater treatment is of paramount importance considering the safety of the aquatic ecosystem and its associated health risk to humankind inhabiting near the water bodies. Microalgae-based technologies for remediation of environmental pollutants present avenues for bioenergy applications and production of value-added biochemicals having pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, antioxidants, carbohydrate, phenolics, long-chain multi-faceted fatty acids, enzymes, and proteins which are considered healthy supplements for human health. Such a wide range of products put up a good case for the biorefinery concept. Microalgae play a pivotal role in degrading complex pollutants, such as organic and inorganic contaminants thereby efficiently removing them from the environment. In addition, microalgal species, such as Botryococcus braunii, Tetraselmis suecica, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Neochloris oleoabundans, Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira, Chlorella, and Tetraselmis sp., etc., are also reported for generation of value-added products. This review presents a holistic view of microalgae based biorefinery starting from cultivation and harvesting of microalgae, the potential for remediation of environmental pollutants, bioenergy application, and production of value-added biomolecules. Further, it summarizes the current understanding of microalgae-based technologies and discusses the risks involved, potential for bioeconomy, and outlines future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | | | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India.
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11
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Aksorn S, Kanokkantapong V, Polprasert C, Noophan PL, Khanal SK, Wongkiew S. Effects of Cu and Zn contamination on chicken manure-based bioponics: Nitrogen recovery, bioaccumulation, microbial community, and health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 311:114837. [PMID: 35276563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In bioponics, although chicken manure is an efficient substrate for vegetable production and nitrogen recovery, it is often contaminated with high Cu and Zn levels, which could potentially cause bioaccumulation in plants and pose health risks. The objectives of this study were to assess nitrogen recovery in lettuce- and pak choi-based bioponics with Cu (50-150 mg/kg) and Zn (200-600 mg/kg) supplementation, as well as their bioaccumulation in plants, root microbial community, and health risk assessment. The supplementation of Cu and Zn did not affect nitrogen concentrations and plant growth (p > 0.05) but reduced nitrogen use efficiency. Pak choi showed higher Cu and Zn bioconcentration factors than lettuce. Bacterial genera Ruminiclostridium and WD2101_soil_group in lettuce roots and Mesorhizobium in pak choi roots from Cu and Zn supplemented conditions were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than controls, suggesting microbial biomarkers in plant roots from Cu and Zn exposure bioponics depended on plant type. Health risk assessment herein revealed that consumption of bioponic vegetables with Cu and Zn contamination does not pose long-term health risks (hazard index <1) to children or adults, according to the US EPA. This study suggested that vegetable produced from chicken manure-based bioponics has low health risk in terms of Cu and Zn bioaccumulation and could be applied in commercial-scale system for nutrient recovery from organic waste to vegetable production; however, health risk from other heavy metals and xenobiotic compounds must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satja Aksorn
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapot Kanokkantapong
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Special Task Force for Activating Research (STAR) of Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chongrak Polprasert
- Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Lek Noophan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Sumeth Wongkiew
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Water Science and Technology for Sustainable Environment Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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12
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Isley CF, Fry KL, Liu X, Filippelli GM, Entwistle JA, Martin AP, Kah M, Meza-Figueroa D, Shukle JT, Jabeen K, Famuyiwa AO, Wu L, Sharifi-Soltani N, Doyi INY, Argyraki A, Ho KF, Dong C, Gunkel-Grillon P, Aelion CM, Taylor MP. International Analysis of Sources and Human Health Risk Associated with Trace Metal Contaminants in Residential Indoor Dust. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1053-1068. [PMID: 34942073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
People spend increasing amounts of time at home, yet the indoor home environment remains understudied in terms of potential exposure to toxic trace metals. We evaluated trace metal (and metalloid) concentrations (As, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and health risks in indoor dust from homes from 35 countries, along with a suite of potentially contributory residential characteristics. The objective was to determine trace metal source inputs and home environment conditions associated with increasing exposure risk across a range of international communities. For all countries, enrichments compared to global crustal values were Zn > Pb > Cu > As > Cr > Ni; with the greatest health risk from Cr, followed by As > Pb > Mn > Cu > Ni > Zn. Three main indoor dust sources were identified, with a Pb-Zn-As factor related to legacy Pb sources, a Zn-Cu factor reflecting building materials, and a Mn factor indicative of natural soil sources. Increasing home age was associated with greater Pb and As concentrations (5.0 and 0.48 mg/kg per year of home age, respectively), as were peeling paint and garden access. Therefore, these factors form important considerations for the development of evidence-based management strategies to reduce potential risks posed by indoor house dust. Recent findings indicate neurocognitive effects from low concentrations of metal exposures; hence, an understanding of the home exposome is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Faye Isley
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Kara L Fry
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Xiaochi Liu
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Gabriel Michael Filippelli
- Department of Earth Sciences and Center for Urban Health, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jane A Entwistle
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | | | - Melanie Kah
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | | | - John T Shukle
- Department of Earth Sciences and Center for Urban Health, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Khadija Jabeen
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | - Abimbola O Famuyiwa
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta, Ogun State P.M.B 2210, Nigeria
| | - Liqin Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Neda Sharifi-Soltani
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Israel N Y Doyi
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- Institute of Environment, Energy, and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Chenyin Dong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Peggy Gunkel-Grillon
- Institute of Exact and Applied Sciences (ISEA), University of New Caledonia, BPR4, 98851 Nouméa cedex, New Caledonia, France
| | - C Marjorie Aelion
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Mark Patrick Taylor
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Environment Protection Authority, Centre for Applied Sciences, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Melbourne, Victoria 3085, Australia
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Wu M, Cao H, Lu G, Hu BX, Cheng Z, Mo C, Wu J, Wu J. Effects of nanometer alumina and humic acid on the retention and transport of hexavalent chromium in porous media. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:113005. [PMID: 34839141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Column experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of ion type, ion strength, humic acid (HA), and nanometer alumina (NA) particles on the transport of hexavalent chromium (HC) in saturated porous media. A one-dimensional model is developed to simulate the migration of HC affected by NA particles. The results show that nano-alumina particles would enhance the mobility of HC in saturated porous media. However, the influence of NA on the migration of HC in porous media is complex. When the concentration of NA reaches 30 mg/L, HC has minimum retention parameter and best mobility. The transport of HC also is affected by ion strength and ion type. Higher ionic strength would decrease the retention of HC and enhance its mobility. Compared with sodium ion, calcium ion has larger effects on the transport of HC. Moreover, HA can improve the mobility of HC in saturated porous media, but the corresponding promoting effect decreases with the increase of HA concentration. As nanometer contaminants and HC come into the subsurface environment, findings from this study elucidate the key factors and processes controlling the transport of HC in porous media, which can promote the prediction and assessment of HC in the groundwater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huihui Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guoping Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bill X Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Zhou Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China.
| | - Cehui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jichun Wu
- Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhao Z, Gong X, Ding Q, Jin M, Wang Z, Lu S, Zhang L. Environmental implications from the priority pollutants screening in impoundment reservoir along the eastern route of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148700. [PMID: 34214810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Screening priority pollutants from vast anthropogenic contaminants discharged into aquatic environment is urgent for protecting water quality definitely. The multi-criteria scoring method involved in the occurrence (O), persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B), ecological risk (Eco-T), and human health risk (Hum-T), was established for pollutants prioritization in waters and applied in Dongping Lake, the final impoundment reservoir along the eastern route of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP). A total of 170 chemicals including heavy metals (HMs), volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalate esters (PAEs), and antibiotics (ANTs) were investigated as the candidates. Accordingly, 42 chemicals including 8 PAEs, 7 OCPs, 7 PCBs, 5 PAHs, 13 HMs, and 2 VOCs were made up the list of priority pollutants for Dongping Lake, suggesting the necessity of routine monitoring high priority groups and revising the existing list. Multiple risk assessment indicated higher ecological and human health risks induced by HMs than by organic pollutants. Spatial distribution of risks stressed the retention of toxic organic chemicals by the lake body and the accumulation of HMs along the transfer route, respectively, thus triggering ecosystem responses and potential effects on the water-receiving areas as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Xionghu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiqi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Miao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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15
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Chaudhary R, Nain P, Kumar A. Temporal variation of leachate pollution index of Indian landfill sites and associated human health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28391-28406. [PMID: 33543433 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the variation in leachate pollution index (LPI) of four municipal solid waste (MSW) dumping sites: non-engineered (Okhla, Ghazipur, Bhalswa) and engineered (Narela-Bawana) of Delhi, India. A review of 142 screened studies from Google Scholar database was done for synthesis of information on LPI parameters. Further, the rate constant determination and human health risk assessment for various leachate parameters was done. Results showed the following LPI trends: Okhla landfill: irregular with exceedance to threshold value; Bhalswa landfill: exponential increase; and Narela-Bawana landfill: linear increase. Parameters such as pH, dissolved solids, copper, nickel, zinc, and chromium of Bhalswa landfill, exhibited an exponential decay with LPI variation. Whereas, for Narela-Bawana's leachate BOD and COD parameters, an exponential decay in LPI vs zinc and linear increase for LPI vs lead was observed. For all dumping sites, a positive correlation was observed between heavy metals and LPI. In case of human health risk assessment, order of oral risk posed by Okhla's metals was cadmium > chromium > nickel > lead, with maximum hazard quotient (HQ) of 1.61 for cadmium. For Ghazipur and Bhalswa landfills, cancer risk values for both adult and child sub-populations were observed to be maximum for cadmium followed by nickel, chromium, and minimum for lead. For Narela-Bawana landfill, the order of cancer risk was as follows: chromium > nickel > lead. HQ for Pb-contaminated groundwater exceeded the threshold limit in Ghazipur and Bhalswa landfills. For dermal groundwater exposure, cadmium for Okhla (adult 2.3 × 10-4 and child 1.4 × 10-4), Ghazipur (adult 9 × 10-5 and child 5.2 × 10-5), and Bhalswa (adult 1.5 × 10-4 and child 8.6 × 10-5) was observed to have maximum cancer risk. The analyzed year-wise LPI trend, calculated rate constants, and human health risk values from present study provide a basis to waste managers and regulators for understanding various waste sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Chaudhary
- Department of Energy and Environment, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Preeti Nain
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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Ikem A, Ayodeji OJ, Wetzel J. Human health risk assessment of selected metal(loid)s via crayfish ( Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) consumption in Missouri. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07194. [PMID: 34169162 PMCID: PMC8207206 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Farmed crustaceans are an important component in addressing the rising animal protein demand. The present study determined the concentrations of fourteen elements (Ag, As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sn, Pb, and Zn) in the edible abdominal muscle of cultured freshwater crayfish species (Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) from Missouri. Also, this paper describes the dietary intake and the human health risks from the consumption of crayfish muscle in the adult population. Overall, 172 animals were captured between February 2017 and January 2018 for assessment. Concentrations of metals (Ag, Be, Cd, Cu, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mo, and Zn) and metalloid (As) in the muscle tissue were determined after microwave-assisted acid digestion by ICP - OES. Health indices (EDI/EWI: estimated daily/weekly intakes; THQ: target hazard quotient; TTHQ: total target hazard quotient; ILCR: incremental lifetime cancer risk; and ∑ILCR: cumulative lifetime cancer risk) were calculated and compared to thresholds. Of all samples, the highest concentrations (mg kg -1 wet weight) of metal(loid)s in muscle were Ag (0.11), As (3.15), Be (0.21), Cd (0.11), Co (0.32), Cr (1.22), Cu (107), Fe (23.0), Mn (8.54), Mo (0.62), Ni (2.65), Pb (1.76), Sn (5.91), and Zn (19.2). In both species, the average As, Cd, and Zn concentrations were below the legal limits. However, the levels of Cu, Pb, and As, in some samples, were in exceedance of the maximum levels. In both species, a significant correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between the carapace length (CL) and animal body weight (BW). In P. acutus, CL, BW, and animal total length were homogenous (p > 0.05) among the sexes. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test results indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) in the levels of As, Be, and Zn in F. virilis, and Be and Cr in P. a. acutus among the genders. Significant inter-species differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the levels of Be, Ni, and Pb and the growth factors. The EDI/EWI values were below the permissible limits. THQ and TTHQ values, being below 1.0, indicated no probabilistic health risk. Regarding carcinogenic risk, only As and Ni indicated cancer risk (ILCR >10-5 and ∑ILCR >10-5) to the adult population. High metals/metalloid exposure from crayfish muscle consumption posed potential health hazards to the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abua Ikem
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
- Cooperative Research Programs, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
| | - Olukayode James Ayodeji
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, United States
| | - James Wetzel
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
- Cooperative Research Programs, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
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Nain P, Kumar A. Understanding metal dissolution from solar photovoltaics in MSW leachate under standard waste characterization conditions for informing end-of-life photovoltaic waste management. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 123:97-110. [PMID: 33581641 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The upcoming end-of-life solar photovoltaics (PV) waste stream is a huge concern before solid waste professionals due to presence of hazardous metals like lead or cadmium. The objective of present study was to understand the metal dissolution from PVs under four standard waste characterization regulatory tests of U.S., Germany, and Japan and their representativeness with actual landfill leachate. Modules were exposed to real municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate for extended extraction duration, agitation and diluted leachate to investigate the effect of various parameters on metal dissolution. The results indicated that extractions using landfill leachates resulted in lower metal release than standard methods. The leached metal concentrations were found to be within the threshold limits except for cadmium, copper, lead and selenium, with maximum lead release from amorphous-PV of 8.68 mg/L and 6.91 mg/L with respect to TCLP and WET tests, respectively. Arsenic showed negligible release with maximum concentration of 0.046 mg/L from copper indium gallium de-selenide(CIGS) PV. Regardless of small size (1-2 cm pieces) and agitation, Germany and Japan's standard tests resulted in minimal release except of copper from copper indium gallium de-selenide PV. Leaching without agitation, showed negligible release from all photovoltaics whereas when agitation is applied to diluted leachate, significant release was observed with aluminum and copper leached up to 145.32 mg/L (multi-crystalline silicon) and 139.01 mg/L (amorphous-PV), respectively. CIGS was found to be most hazardous with a Metal Hazard Score (calculated on the basis of magnitude of leached metals with respect to their threshold limit and subsequent health effects) of 23.19, when exposed to standard tests. For all scenarios, increased metal release was observed with decrease in sample size and increase in leachate dilution and thus, leaching in highly acidic conditions are by no means representative for modules dumping in realistic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Nain
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
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