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Zhang G, Hao Q, Gou Y, Wang X, Chen F, He Y, Liang Z, Jiang C. Changing the order and ratio of substrate filling reduced CH 4 and N 2O emissions from the aerated constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 941:173740. [PMID: 38839002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used to enhance pollutant removal by filling several types of material as substrates. However, research on substrate filling order remains still limited, particularly regarding the effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, six CWs were constructed using zeolite and ferric‑carbon micro-electrolysis (Fe-C) fillers to evaluate the effect of changing the filling order and ratio on pollutant removal, GHGs emissions, and associated microbial structure. The results showed that the order of substrate filling significantly impacted pollutant removal performance on CWs. Specifically, CWs filled with zeolite in the top layer exhibited superior NH4+-N removal compared to those filled in the lower layer. Moreover, the highest NH4+-N removal (95.0 % ± 1.9 %) was observed in CWs with a zeolite to Fe-C volume ratio of 8:2 (CWZe-1). Moreover, zeolite-filled at the top had lower GHGs emissions, with the lowest CH4 (0.22 ± 0.10 mg m-2 h-1) and N2O (167.03 ± 61.40 μg m-2 h-1) fluxes in the CWZe-1. In addition, it is worth noting that N2O is the major contributor to integrated global warming potential (GWP) in the six CWs, accounting for 81.7 %-90.8 %. The upper layer of CWs filled with zeolite exhibited higher abundances of nirK, nirS and nosZ genes. The order in which the substrate was filled affected the microbial community structure and the upper layer of CWs filled with zeolite had higher relative abundance of nitrifying genera (Nitrobacter, Nitrosomonas) and denitrifying genera (Zoogloea, Denitratisoma). Additionally, N2O emission was reduced by approximately 41.2 %-64.4 % when the location of the aeration of the CWs was changed from the bottom to the middle. This study showed that both the order of filling the substrate and the aeration position significantly affected the GHGs emissions from CWs, and that CWs had lower GHGs emissions when zeolites were filled in the upper layer and the aeration position was in the middle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qingju Hao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yongxiang Gou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fanghui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yangjian He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenghao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changsheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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2
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Zhao S, Liu Y, Xu L, Ye J, Zhang X, Xu X, Meng H, Xie W, He H, Wang G, Zhang L. nosZ II/nosZ I ratio regulates the N 2O reduction rates in the eutrophic lake sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175852. [PMID: 39214369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a more potent greenhouse gas with an atmospheric lifetime of 121 years, contributing significantly to climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion. Lakes are hotspots for N2O release due to the imbalance between N2O sources and sinks. N2O-reducing bacteria are the only biological means to mitigate N2O emission, yet their roles in lakes are not well studied. This study investigated the potential for N2O reduction, keystones of typical and atypical N2O-reducing bacterial communities, and their correlations with environmental factors in the sediments of Lake Taihu through microcosm experiments, high-throughput sequencing of the nosZ gene, and statistical modeling. The results showed that potential N2O reduction rates in sediments ranged from 13.71 to 76.95 μg N2O g-1 d-1, with lower rates in December compared to March and July. Correlation analysis indicated that the nosZ II/nosZ I ratio and the trophic lake index (TLI) were the primary factors influencing N2O reduction rates and N2O-reducing bacterial community structures. The genera Pseudogulbenkiania and Ardenticatena were identified as the most abundant typical and atypical N2O-reducing bacteria, respectively, and were also recognized as the keystone taxa. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) results revealed that nosZ II was more abundant than nosZ I in the sediments. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) further demonstrated that atypical N2O-reducing bacteria had significant positive effects on N2O reduction process in the sediments (p < 0.05). Overall, this study highlights the crucial ecological roles of atypical N2O-reducing bacteria in the sediments of the eutrophic lake of Taihu, underscoring their potential in mitigating N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichuan Zhao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yihong Liu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinliu Ye
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Han Meng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; School of Environment, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Wenming Xie
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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3
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Xing Y, Wang X. Impact of Agricultural Activities on Climate Change: A Review of Greenhouse Gas Emission Patterns in Field Crop Systems. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2285. [PMID: 39204720 PMCID: PMC11360188 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This review paper synthesizes the current understanding of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from field cropping systems. It examines the key factors influencing GHG emissions, including crop type, management practices, and soil conditions. The review highlights the variability in GHG emissions across different cropping systems. Conventional tillage systems generally emit higher levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) than no-till or reduced tillage systems. Crop rotation, cover cropping, and residue management can significantly reduce GHG emissions by improving soil carbon sequestration and reducing nitrogen fertilizer requirements. The paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities for mitigating GHG emissions in field cropping systems. Precision agriculture techniques, such as variable rate application of fertilizers and water, can optimize crop production while minimizing environmental impacts. Agroforestry systems, which integrate trees and crops, offer the potential for carbon sequestration and reducing N2O emissions. This review provides insights into the latest research on GHG emissions from field cropping systems and identifies areas for further study. It emphasizes the importance of adopting sustainable management practices to reduce GHG emissions and enhance the environmental sustainability of agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiukang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Ecology of Loess Plateau, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China;
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Li H, Di J, Dong Y, Bao S, Fu S. Enhanced reduction of sulfate by iron-carbon microelectrolysis: interaction mechanism between microelectrolysis and microorganisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-32993-9. [PMID: 38635092 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Sulfate wastewater has a wide range of sources and greatly harms water, soil, and plants. Iron-carbon microelectrolysis (IC-ME) is a potentially sustainable strategy to improve the treatment of sulfate (SO42-) wastewater by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). In this study, an iron-carbon mixed micro-electrolysis bioreactor (R1), iron-carbon layered bioreactor (R2), activated carbon bioreactor (R3), and scrap iron filing bioreactor (R4) were constructed by up-flow column experimental device. The performance and mechanism of removing high-concentration sulfate wastewater under different sulfate concentrations, hydraulic retention times (HRT), and chemical oxygen demand (COD)/SO42- were discussed. The results show that the iron-carbon microelectrolysis-enhanced SRB technology can remove high-concentration sulfate wastewater, and the system can still operate normally at low pH. In the high hydraulic loading stage (HRT = 12 h, COD/SO42- = 1.4), the SO42- removal rate of the R1 reactor reached 98.08%, and the ORP value was stable between - 350 and - 450 mV, providing a good ORP environment for SRB. When HRT = 12 h and influent COD/SO42- = 1.4, the R1 reactor sulfate removal rate reached 96.7%. When the influent COD/SO42- = 0.7, the sulfate removal rate was 52.9%, higher than the control group. Biological community analysis showed that the abundance of SRB in the R1 reactor was higher than that in the other three groups, indicating that the IC-ME bioreactor could promote the enrichment of SRB and improve its population competitive advantage. It can be seen that the synergistic effect between IC-ME and biology plays a vital role in the treatment of high-concentration sulfate wastewater and improves the biodegradability of sulfate. It is a promising process for treating high-concentration sulfate wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhe Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China
| | - Junzhen Di
- College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China.
| | - Yanrong Dong
- College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China
| | - Sihang Bao
- College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China
| | - Saiou Fu
- College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China
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5
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Dai N, Yao D, Li Y, Xie H, Hu Z, Zhang J, Liang S. Enhanced adaptability of pyrite-based constructed wetlands for low carbon to nitrogen ratio wastewater treatments: Modulation of nitrogen removal mechanisms and reduction of carbon emissions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130348. [PMID: 38242241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Pyrite-based constructed wetlands (CWs) stimulated nitrate removal performance at low carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio has been gaining widely attention. However, the combined effects of pyrite and C/N on the nitrate removal mechanisms and greenhouse gases (GHGs) reduction were ignored. This study found that pyrite-based CWs significantly enhanced nitrate removal in C/N of 0, 1.5 and 3 by effectively driving autotrophic denitrification with high abundance of autotrophs denitrifiers (Rhodanobacter) and nitrate reductase (EC 1.7.7.2), while the enhancement was weakened in C/N of 6 by combined effect of mixotrophic denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) with high abundance of organic carbon-degrading bacteria (Stenotrophobacter) and DNRA-related nitrite reductase genes (nrf). Moreover, pyrite addition significantly reduced GHGs emissions from CWs in all stages with the occurrence of iron-coupled autotrophic denitrification. The study shed light on the potential mechanism for pyrite-based CWs for treating low C/N ratio wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Dai
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dongdong Yao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yunkai Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huijun Xie
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Zhen Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Zhang Y, He Y, Jia L, Xu L, Wang Z, He Y, Xiong L, Lin X, Chen H, Xue G. Uncovering interactions among ternary electron donors of organic carbon source, thiosulfate and Fe 0 in mixotrophic advanced denitrification: Proof of concept from simulated to authentic secondary effluent. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120924. [PMID: 38029486 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
To offset the imperfections of higher cost and emission of CO2 greenhouse gas in heterotrophic denitrification (HDN) as well as longer start-up time in autotrophic denitrification (ADN), we synergized the potential ternary electron donors of organic carbon source, thiosulfate and zero-valent iron (Fe0) to achieve efficient mixotrophic denitrification (MDN) of oligotrophic secondary effluent. When the influent chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen (COD/N) ratio ascended gradually in the batch operation with sufficient sulfur to nitrogen (S/N) ratio, the MDN with thiosulfate and Fe0 added achieved the highest TN removal for treating simulated and authentic secondary effluents. The external carbon is imperative for initiating MDN, while thiosulfate is indispensable for promoting TN removal efficiency. Although Fe0 hardly donated electrons for denitrification, the suitable circumneutral environment for denitrification was implemented by OH- released from Fe0 corrosion, which neutralized H+generated during thiosulfate-driven ADN. Meanwhile, Fe0 corrosion consumed the dissolved oxygen (DO) and created the low DO environment suitable for anoxic denitrification. This process was further confirmed by the continuous flow operation for treating authentic secondary effluent. The TN removal efficiency achieved its maximum under the combination condition of influent COD/N ratio of 3.1-3.5 and S/N ratio of 2.0-2.1. Whether in batch or continuous flow operation, the coordination of thiosulfate and Fe0 maintained the dominance of Thiobacillus for ADN, with the dominant heterotrophic denitrifiers (e.g., Plasticicumulans, Terrimonas, Rhodanobacter and KD4-96) coexisting in MDN system. The interaction insights of ternary electron donors in MDN established a pathway for realizing high-efficiency nitrogen removal of secondary effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yongtao He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Linchun Jia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yueling He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xumeng Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gang Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200000, China.
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7
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Miao X, Xu J, Yang B, Luo J, Zhi Y, Li W, He Q, Li H. Indigenous mixotrophic aerobic denitrifiers stimulated by oxygen micro/nanobubble-loaded microporous biochar. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 391:129997. [PMID: 37952594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypoxia in surface sediment inhibits the growth of aerobic denitrifiers in natural waters. A novel oxygen micro/nanobubble-loaded microporous biochar (OMB) was developed to activate indigenous aerobic denitrifiers in this study. The results indicate a thin-layer OMB capping mitigates hypoxia effectively. Following a 30-day microcosm-based incubation, a 60 % decrease in total nitrogen concentration was observed, and the oxygen penetration depth in the sediment was increased from <4.0 mm to 38.4 mm. High-throughput sequencing revealed the stimulation of indigenous mixotrophic aerobic denitrifiers, including autotrophic denitrifiers such as Hydrogenophaga and Thiobacillus, heterotrophic denitrifiers like Limnobacter and unclassified_f_Methylophilaceae, and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification bacteria, including Shinella and Acidovorax, with total relative abundance reaching up to 38.1 %. Further analysis showed OMB enhanced the overall collaborative relationships among microorganisms and promoted the expression of nitrification- and denitrification-related genes. This study introduces an innovative strategy for stimulating indigenous aerobic denitrifiers in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Miao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jiani Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Junxiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yue Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Zhang H, Zhou L, Yang X, Wang H, Wang Y, Wu Z. A zero energy-input nitrogen removal reactor based on a short-circuited microfluidic fuel cell. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:87998-88008. [PMID: 37432575 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Excessive discharge of ammonia nitrogen would deteriorate water quality. In this work, we designed an innovative microfluidic electrochemical nitrogen-removal reactor (MENR) based on a short-circuited ammonia-air microfluidic fuel cell (MFC). The MENR utilizes the laminar characteristics of two flows (an anolyte containing nitrogen-rich wastewater and a catholyte of acid electrolyte solution) in a microchannel to establish an efficient reactor system. At anode, ammonia was catalyzed by a NiCu/C modified electrode to N2, while O2 in the air was reduced at cathode. In essence, the MENR reactor is a short-circuited MFC. Maximum discharge currents were achieved accompanied with strong ammonia oxidation reaction. Factors indicating electrolyte flow rate, initial nitrogen concentration, electrolyte concentration, and electrode geometry have various effects on the nitrogen removal performance of the MENR. Results indicate that the MENR showed efficient nitrogen removal properties. This work proposes an energy-saving process by using the MENR to remove nitrogen from ammonia-rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering Architecture, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Luanqi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering Architecture, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Energy Storage; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Civil Engineering Architecture, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zucheng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Energy Storage; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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9
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Sun S, Zhang M, Gu X, He S, Tang L. Microbial response mechanism of plants and zero valent iron in ecological floating bed: Synchronous nitrogen, phosphorus removal and greenhouse gas emission reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116326. [PMID: 36182841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based ecological floating beds (EFBs) are often used to treat the secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant to enhance the denitrification process. However, the impact and necessity of plants on iron-based EFBs have not been systematically studied. In this research, two iron-based EFBs with and without plants (EFB-P and EFB) were performed to investigate the response of plants on nutrient removal, GHG emissions, microbial communities and functional genes. Results showed the total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal in EFB-P was 45-79% and 48-72%, respectively, while that in EFB was 31-67% and 44-57%. Meanwhile, plants could decrease CH4 emission flux (0-3.89 mg m-2 d-1) and improve CO2 absorption (4704-22321 mg m-2 d-1). Plants could increase the abundance of Nitrosospira to 1.6% which was a kind of nitrifying bacteria dominant in plant rhizosphere. Among all denitrification related genera, Simplicispira (13.08%) and Novosphingobium (6.25%) accounted for the highest proportion of plant rhizosphere and iron scrap, respectively. Anammox bacteria such as Candidatus_Brocadia was more enriched on iron scraps with the highest proportion was 1.21% in EFB-P, and 2.20% in EFB. Principal co-ordinates analysis showed that plants were the critical factor determining microbial community composition. TN removal pathways were mixotrophic denitrification and anammox in EFB-P while TP removal pathways were plant uptake and phosphorus-iron coprecipitation. In general, plants play an important directly or indirectly role in iron-based EFBs systems, which could not only improve nutrients removal, but also minimize the global warming potential and alleviate the greenhouse effect to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 20092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Li Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design Institute, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
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Chen Y, Wang H, Gao X, Li X, Dong S, Zhou H, Tan Z. COD/TN ratios shift the microbial community assembly of a pilot-scale shortcut nitrification-denitrification process for biogas slurry treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49335-49345. [PMID: 35220533 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, effects of carbon to nitrogen (COD/TN) ratios of biogas slurry on shortcut nitrification-denitrification in a pilot-scale integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) system were investigated. Lowering the COD/TN ratio from 11.7 to 6.2 exerted a negative impact on shortcut nitrification-denitrification performance. Accordingly, the NH3-N and TN removal rates decreased from 94.4 to 91.2% and 92.3 to 85.9%, respectively. The dynamics of microbial assembly was analyzed by MiSeq sequencing, and the denitrifying functional genes were quantified by qPCR. The results showed that ammonia oxidizing bacteria and amoA gene were more abundant on the biofilm of oxic tank, indicating they play a key role in NH3-N removal. Autotrophic, endogenous, and fast heterotrophic kinetics denitrifiers were coexisted and enriched in the IFAS system with a decreasing of COD/TN ratio. TN removal was mainly affected by denitrifiers (including Arenimonas, Acidovorax, and Thaurea) harboring narG and nirS genes. Canonical correspondence analysis proved that COD/TN ratio was the most critical factor driving the succession of microbial community. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were found positively correlated with denitrifiers at low COD/TN ratio conditions. As a result, NH3-N and TN removal were effectively enhanced when the DO level in the oxic tank of IFAS system was increased to 1.0-3.0 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangwu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Xingdong Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shiyang Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Houzhen Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhouliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Cui X, Zhang M, Ding Y, Sun S, He S, Yan P. Enhanced nitrogen removal via iron‑carbon micro-electrolysis in surface flow constructed wetlands: Selecting activated carbon or biochar? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152800. [PMID: 34982986 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The iron-assisted autotrophic denitrification was plagued by passivation when introduced in surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs). Iron‑carbon micro-electrolysis (Fe/C-M/E) could facilitate the transfer of electrons during the utilization of iron. In this study, iron scraps coupling with activated carbon and biochar were applied to explore the effects of carbon materials on autotrophic denitrification. The results showed that TN removal rate in the SFCW with iron scraps and activated carbon (SFCW-IAC) and the SFCW with iron scraps and biochar (SFCW-IBC) were improved by 31.61% ± 8.18% and 14.09% ± 7.15%, and N2O fluxes were reduced to 2.73 and 3.12 mg m-2 d-1, respectively. The greater iron mass loss rate (0.91%) was confirmed in SFCW-IAC. Microbial community analysis reported that autotrophic denitrification and iron related genera were increased. This study proved that activated carbon was more suitable than biochar to Fe/C-M/E for denitrification enhancement and N2O emission reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Cui
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - YiJing Ding
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Pan Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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12
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Wang L, Liu Z, Jiang X, Li A. Aerobic granulation of nitrifying activated sludge enhanced removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149546. [PMID: 34438142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The positive correlation between the nitrification activity of activated sludge and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) removal has been widely reported. However, up to now the effect of the granulation of nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) on EE2 removal has not been determined. In this study, nitrifying granular sludge (NGS) exhibited more effective EE2 removal efficiency with 3.705 μgEE2∙(gMLSS∙h)-1 in a sequential batch reactor (SBR). Through the artificial neural network (ANN) model and Spearman correlation analysis, nitrite accumulation was demonstrated to be the key factor affecting EE2 removal. Notably, under the same aeration condition (0.15 L/min), nitrite accumulation was more easily achieved in NGS because of its dense structure. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing suggested that EE2 could strongly influence the microbial communities of NAS and NGS. NGS exhibited an increase in community diversity and richness, but NAS exhibited a decrease. In addition, the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB) decreased considerably in both NAS and NGS, whereas the expression of amoA and nirK genes in Nitrosomonas was upregulated. It was suggested that Nitrosomonas was forced to regulate its gene expression to resist the negative effects of EE2. Denitrifying bacteria, such as Comamonas, were enriched in both NAS and NGS, and there were more species of heterotrophs that can degrade micropollutants in NGS with exposure to EE2. The transformation pathways of EE2 were uniform in NAS and NGS. Ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) in AOB directly biotransformed EE2 while reactive species produced by AOB chemically transformed EE2. Heterotrophs degraded EE2 and its transformation products (TPs) generated by AOB. According to TPs and microbial structure, NGS exhibited better performance than NAS regarding the collaborative removal of EE2 by AOB and heterotrophs. These results provide important information for the development and application of NGS to treat wastewater containing estrogen and high-strength ammonium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Anjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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13
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Gu X, He S, Huang J. Efficient utilization of Iris pseudacorus biomass for nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands: Combining alkali treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118170. [PMID: 34534823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic plant biomass like Iris pseudacorus can be used as electron donor to improve denitrification performance in subsurface constructed wetlands. However, the phenomenon that the nitrogen removal rate declined in the terminal stage restricted the utilization of litters. In terms of this problem, this study investigated the performance of the used biomass through alkali treatment on nitrogen removal and analyzed the effect of alkali treatment on the component and structure of biomass and microbial community. The results showed that the alkali-treated biomass could further enhance the nitrogen removal by nearly 15% compared with used ones. The significant damage of cell walls and compact fibers containing cellulose and lignin through alkali treatment mainly resulted in the improvement of carbon release and nitrogen removal. With the addition of alkali-treated biomass, the richness index of microbes was higher compared with other biomass materials. Furthermore, the abundance of denitrification related genera increased and the abundance of genera for nitrification was maintained. Based on these finds, a mode of a more efficient Iris pseudacorus self-consumed subsurface flow constructed wetlands was designed. In this mode, the effluent total nitrogen could be stabilized below 5 mg L-1 for nine months and the weight of litters could be further cut down by 75%. These findings would contribute to efficient utilization of plant biomass for nitrogen removal enhancement and final residue reduction in the wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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14
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Sharma R, Vymazal J, Malaviya P. Application of floating treatment wetlands for stormwater runoff: A critical review of the recent developments with emphasis on heavy metals and nutrient removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146044. [PMID: 33689897 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are increasingly gaining popularity due to a set of valuable features like wastewater remediation under varied conditions, ecosystem quality preservation, landscape conservation, and aesthetic benefits. FTW is a phyto-technology in which macrophytes grow on a floating raft with their roots in permanent contact with water and remove pollutants via several physicochemical-biological processes. FTW is highly capable of overcoming technical and operational challenges that come way in stormwater treatment due to the erratic nature of hydrologic and input pollutant loads because this innovative buoyant hydroponic design can move up and down with fluctuating water levels in the stormwater pond and can treat highly variable flows. Plants and biofilms attached to the roots hanging beneath the floating mat play a pivotal role in FTWs. The present review encompasses the concept of FTWs, their structural designs, relevance in stormwater management, and mechanism of plant uptake for pollutant removal. The role of FTWs to remove heavy metals and nutrients is also critically analyzed. Understanding hydraulics and other parameters of FTW is vital to effective design. Hence, the role of vegetation coverage, vegetation type, sorption media, aeration frequency, and intensity, and plant density to enhance system efficiency is also highlighted. Due to their operational flexibility and environmentally friendly working with no additional burden on existing urban land use, FTWs entice broad international interest and offer a coherent solution for stormwater management. MAIN FINDINGS: The review delivers state-of-the-art analysis of the current understanding of hydraulics and other parameters of FTWs, and associated mechanisms to enhance the treatment efficiency of FTWs for nutrients and heavy metals removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozi Sharma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, J&K, India
| | - Jan Vymazal
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Piyush Malaviya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, J&K, India.
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