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Mehennaoui K, Felten V, Caillet C, Giamberini L. Acute and chronic toxicity of rare earth elements-enriched sediments from a prospective mining area: Effects on life history traits, behavioural and physiological responses of Gammarus fossarum (Crustacea Amphipoda). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143117. [PMID: 39168391 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REE) have an essential role and growing importance in the world's economy. They are attracting interest from society, policymakers, and scientists. The rapidly growing global demand for REE in several strategic industrial and agricultural sectors led many countries to consider the (re)-opening of mining activities for REE extraction. Hence, their increasing use led to the disruption of their biogeochemical cycles with anthropic abnormalities already observed in aquatic ecosystems. Nonetheless, REE remain less studied, and their mechanisms of toxicity actions are not fully understood. As amphipods, Gammarus fossarum represent an important part of the aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblage and are generally used in ecotoxicological studies for their high ecological relevance. However, their use for the study of REE effects has been rather limited so far. The current study aims to assess the potential effects of two naturally REE-enriched sediments (N2 and B4) on G. fossarum. Effects on life history traits, behavioural and physiological responses have been evaluated. Exposing G. fossarum males for 72h to sediments N2 and B4 led to a decrease in haemolymph osmolality and locomotion while an increase in ventilatory activity was observed. Exposing G. fossarum pre-copula pairs with females at the same reproductive stage to the naturally REE-enriched sediments, for one moult cycle duration (∼30 days) showed that sediment B4 led to i) a significant uptake of REE, ii) a significant decrease in the proportion of females with oocytes and iii) a significant reduction in the total number of juveniles. The physicochemical analyses of sediments showed that B4 contains the highest amount of REE with a higher proportion of light REE. The present study gives the first insights into the potential toxicity of REE on G. fossarum as they may have deleterious effects on G. fossarum population's dynamics, which may alter the functioning of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahina Mehennaoui
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), CNRS UMR, 7360, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Vincent Felten
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), CNRS UMR, 7360, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Celine Caillet
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), CNRS UMR, 7360, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Laure Giamberini
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), CNRS UMR, 7360, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France.
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Şahin B, Belivermiş M, Demiralp S, Sezer N, Bektaş S, Kaptan E, Gönülal O, Kılıç Ö. The multistressor effect of pH reduction, microplastic and lanthanum on sea urchin Arbacia lixula. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116638. [PMID: 38959571 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
pH reduction (Low pH), microplastic (MP), and lanthanum (La) are substantial stressors due to their increasing trends in marine ecosystems and having adverse effects on marine species. This study investigates the single and combined effects of those stressors (Low pH: 7.45, polyethylene MP: 26 μg L-1, and La: 9 μg L-1) on the physiology and histology of sea urchin Arbacia lixula. Regarding physiological results, while the coelomocytes' quantity was slightly affected by stressors, their viability was significantly affected. The coelomocyte count and viability were suppressed most in Low pH-MP-La treatment. The stressors did not impact the respiration rate. According to the histological examination results, the crypt (villi-like structure) was shorter, and epithelial layers were thinner in single and dual stress treatments like MP, Low pH, Low pH-La, and MP-La. Overall, we suggest that the combination of variable types of those stressors causes negative effects on sea urchin's physiology and histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Şahin
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selcan Demiralp
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Narin Sezer
- Medical Services and Techniques Department, Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Istanbul Arel University, 34295 Sefaköy, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Suna Bektaş
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Suleymaniye, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Engin Kaptan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Onur Gönülal
- Department of Marine and Freshwater Resources Management, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Önder Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Türkiye.
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Cunha M, Nardi A, Botelho MJ, Sales S, Pereira E, Soares AMVM, Regoli F, Freitas R. Can exposure to Gymnodinium catenatum toxic blooms influence the impacts induced by Neodymium in Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels? What doesn't kill can make them stronger? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134220. [PMID: 38636232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The presence in marine shellfish of toxins and pollutants like rare earth elements (REEs) poses a major threat to human well-being, coastal ecosystems, and marine life. Among the REEs, neodymium (Nd) stands out as a widely utilized element and is projected to be among the top five critical elements by 2025. Gymnodinum catenatum is a phytoplankton species commonly associated with the contamination of bivalves with paralytic shellfish toxins. This study evaluated the biological effects of Nd on the mussel species Mytilus galloprovincialis when exposed to G. catenatum cells for fourteen days, followed by a recovery period in uncontaminated seawater for another fourteen days. After co-exposure, mussels showed similar toxin accumulation in the Nd and G. catenatum treatment in comparison with the G. catenatum treatment alone. Increased metabolism and enzymatic defenses were observed in organisms exposed to G. catenatum cells, while Nd inhibited enzyme activity and caused cellular damage. Overall, this study revealed that the combined presence of G. catenatum cells and Nd, produced positive synergistic effects on M. galloprovincialis biochemical responses compared to G. catenatum alone, indicating that organisms' performance may be significantly modulated by the presence of multiple co-occurring stressors, such those related to chemical pollution and harmful algal blooms. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS: Neodymium (Nd) is widely used in green technologies like wind turbines, and this element's potential threats to aquatic environments are almost unknown, especially when co-occurring with other environmental factors such as blooms of toxic algae. This study revealed the cellular impacts induced by Nd in the bioindicator species Mytilus galloprovincialis but further demonstrated that the combination of both stressors can generate a positive defense response in mussels. The present findings also demonstrated that the impacts caused by Nd lasted even after a recovery period while a previous exposure to the toxins generated a faster biochemical improvement by the mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cunha
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alessandro Nardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Maria João Botelho
- IPMA, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sabrina Sales
- IPMA, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Cunha M, Nardi A, Henriques B, Soares AMVM, Pereira E, Regoli F, Freitas R. The role of the macroalgae Ulva lactuca on the cellular effects of neodymium and mercury in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:141908. [PMID: 38615948 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are increasingly being studied mainly due to their economic importance and wide range of applications, but also for their rising environmental concentrations and potential environmental and ecotoxicological impacts. Among REEs, neodymium (Nd) is widely used in lasers, glass additives, and magnets. Currently, NdFeB-based permanent magnets are the most significant components of electronic devices and Nd is used because of its magnetic properties. In addition to REEs, part of the environmental pollution related to electrical and electronic equipment, fluorescent lamps and batteries also comes from mercury (Hg). Since both elements persist in ecosystems and are continuously accumulated by marine organisms, a promising approach for water decontamination has emerged. Through a process known as sorption, live marine macroalgae can be used, especially Ulva lactuca, to accumulate potential toxic elements from the water. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the cellular toxicity of Nd and Hg in Mytilus galloprovincialis, comparing the biochemical effects induced by these elements in the presence or absence of the macroalgae U. lactuca. The results confirmed that Hg was more toxic to mussels than Nd, but also showed the good capability of U. lactuca in preventing the onset of cellular disturbance and homeostasis disruption in M. galloprovincialis by reducing bioavailable Hg levels. Overall, the biochemical parameters evaluated related to metabolism, antioxidant and biotransformation defences, redox balance, and cellular damage, showed that algae could prevent biological effects in mussels exposed to Hg compared to those exposed to Nd. This study contributes to the advancement of knowledge in this field, namely the understanding of the impacts of different elements on bivalves and the crucial role of algae in the protection of other aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cunha
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alessandro Nardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Leite C, Russo T, Cuccaro A, Pinto J, Polese G, Soares AM, Pretti C, Pereira E, Freitas R. The role of warming in modulating neodymium effects on adults and sperm of Mytilus galloprovincialis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120854. [PMID: 38640759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The use of rare earth elements (REEs) has been increasing and one of the most used is neodymium (Nd). Being an emergent contaminant, its negative impacts are poorly understood. Aquatic organisms are also threatened by climate change-related factors, as is the case of warming, which can change the effects of REEs. Thus, the impacts of Nd, warming, and the combination of both stressors were studied in adult mussels and sperm of the species Mytilus galloprovincialis, after an exposure period of 28 days (adults) and 30 min (sperm). The effects were evaluated through the analysis of biochemical and histopathological alterations in adults and biochemical and physiological responses given by sperm. The results showed that mussels only activated their biotransformation capacity when exposed to the stressors acting alone, which was insufficient to avoid lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, warming (alone and combined with Nd) also produces damage to proteins. The digestive gland was the most sensitive organ to Nd, presenting several histopathological alterations. In the case of sperm, all stressors induced lipid peroxidation, a higher oxygen demand, and a decrease in velocity, even if the sperm viability was maintained. It seems that warming influenced the effects of Nd to some extent. The present findings contribute significantly to the field of REEs environmental toxicology by offering valuable insights into the impacts of Nd on various biological levels of mussels. Additionally, within the context of climate change, this study sheds light on how temperature influences the effects of Nd. The obtained results indicate that both stressors can potentially compromise the overall health of mussel populations, thereby affecting other species reliant on them for food and habitat. Moreover, this study highlights impaired sperm health, which could adversely affect their reproductive capacity and ultimately lead to population decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Leite
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tania Russo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Cuccaro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - João Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gianluca Polese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Amadeu Mvm Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, 56122, Pisa, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology of Leghorn "G. Bacci", 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Almeida JC, Cardoso CED, Tavares DS, Trindade T, Vale C, Freitas R, Pereira E. Removal of chromium(III) from contaminated waters using cobalt ferrite: how safe is remediated water to aquatic wildlife? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28789-28802. [PMID: 38558332 PMCID: PMC11058620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The release of hazardous elements by industrial effluents to aquatic ecosystems is a potential threat to the environment. Chromium (Cr) is one of the elements whose levels in several freshwater ecosystems should be reduced to promote water reuse. In recent years, magnetic materials have gained increasing interest as sorbents because of their easy removal from treated water through magnetic separation. In this study, colloidal cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) particles were investigated as magnetic sorbents for chromium-aqueous chemical species. The oxidative stress responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels exposed to 200 μg/L of Cr, resembling remediated water, were evaluated. More than 95% of Cr was removed from contaminated solutions by CoFe2O4 aqueous suspensions at pH 6 and pH 10. The kinetics of sorption experiments were examined using pseudo-1st order, pseudo-2nd order and Elovich models to evaluate which mathematical model has a better adjustment to the experimental data. The present study revealed that the levels of Cr that remained in remediated water induced limited biochemical changes in mussels, being considered safe for aquatic systems. Overall, the use of cobalt ferrite-based sorbents may constitute a promising approach to remediate contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana C Almeida
- Chemistry Department and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Chemistry Department and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Celso E D Cardoso
- Chemistry Department and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Chemistry Department and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela S Tavares
- Chemistry Department and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Chemistry Department and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tito Trindade
- Chemistry Department and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- Interdisciplinar Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Chemistry Department and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Xu J, Zhao R, Liu A, Li L, Li S, Li Y, Qu M, Di Y. To live or die: "Fine-tuning" adaptation revealed by systemic analyses in symbiotic bathymodiolin mussels from diverse deep-sea extreme ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170434. [PMID: 38278266 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Hydrothermal vents (HVs) and cold seeps (CSs) are typical deep-sea extreme ecosystems with their own geochemical characteristics to supply the unique living conditions for local communities. Once HVs or CSs stop emission, the dramatic environmental change would pose survival risks to deep-sea organisms. Up to now, limited knowledge has been available to understand the biological responses and adaptive strategy to the extreme environments and their transition from active to extinct stage, mainly due to the technical difficulties and lack of representative organisms. In this study, bathymodiolin mussels, the dominant and successful species surviving in diverse deep-sea extreme ecosystems, were collected from active and extinct HVs (Southwest Indian Ocean) or CSs (South China Sea) via two individual cruises. The transcriptomic analysis and determination of multiple biological indexes in stress defense and metabolic systems were conducted in both gills and digestive glands of mussels, together with the metagenomic analysis of symbionts in mussels. The results revealed the ecosystem- and tissue-specific transcriptional regulation in mussels, addressing the autologous adaptations in antioxidant defense, energy utilization and key compounds (i.e. sulfur) metabolism. In detail, the successful antioxidant defense contributed to conquering the oxidative stress induced during the unavoidable metabolism of xenobiotics commonly existing in the extreme ecosystems; changes in metabolic rate functioned to handle toxic matters in different surroundings; upregulated gene expression of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase indicated an active sulfide detoxification in mussels from HVs and active stage of HVs & CSs. Coordinately, a heterologous adaptation, characterized by the functional compensation between symbionts and mussels in energy utilization, sulfur and carbon metabolism, was also evidenced by the bacterial metagenomic analysis. Taken together, a new insight was proposed that symbiotic bathymodiolin mussels would develop a "finetuning" strategy combining the autologous and heterologous regulations to fulfill the efficient and effective adaptations for successful survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhou Xu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Ruoxuan Zhao
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Liya Li
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Shuimei Li
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Mengjie Qu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yanan Di
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572024, China.
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Leite C, Russo T, Pinto J, Polese G, Soares AMVM, Pretti C, Pereira E, Freitas R. From the cellular to tissue alterations induced by two rare earth elements in the mussel species Mytilus galloprovincialis: Comparison between exposure and recovery periods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169754. [PMID: 38163599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The global effort to achieve carbon neutrality has led to an increased demand for renewable energy technologies and their raw materials, namely rare earth elements (REEs). These elements possess unique properties and are used in various applications. However, the increased use of REE-based technologies has resulted in higher amounts of electronic waste, leading to elevated REEs concentrations found in the aquatic environment, with poorly understood threats to wildlife. Praseodymium (Pr) and europium (Eu) are two REEs that, despite their potential environmental risks, have almost unknown effects on aquatic organisms. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the impacts of different concentrations of Pr and Eu (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/L) in the mussel species Mytilus galloprovincialis, as well as their ability to recover from exposure to the highest concentration. Mussels accumulated both elements in a dose-dependent manner, with the accumulation of Pr being higher. Accompanying the increase of metabolism, mussels exposed to Pr not only enhanced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (up to 40 μg/L) and glutathione reductase (at 80 μg/L) but also the activity of the biotransformation enzymes carboxylesterases (CbE's) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) (at 80 μg/L). Nevertheless, these defence mechanisms were not sufficient to prevent cellular damage. All the Eu concentrations induced cellular damage, despite an increase in the activity of biotransformation enzymes (CbE's and GSTs) in mussel tissue. According to the histopathology assessment, mussels were not able to recover after exposure to both elements and lower concentrations induced higher injuries in digestive tubules. This study highlights that exposure to Pr and Eu had adverse effects on M. galloprovincialis, even at the lowest tested concentration, which may eventually impact mussels' growth, reproductive capacity, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Leite
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tania Russo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - João Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gianluca Polese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology of Leghorn "G. Bacci", 57128 Livorno, Italy; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Lachaux N, Otero-Fariña A, Minguez L, Sohm B, Rétif J, Châtel A, Poirier L, Devin S, Pain-Devin S, Gross EM, Giamberini L. Fate, subcellular distribution and biological effects of rare earth elements in a freshwater bivalve under complex exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167302. [PMID: 37742965 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REE) are emerging contaminants due to their increased use in diverse applications including cutting-edge and green-technologies. Their environmental concerns and contradicting results concerning their biological effects require an extensive understanding of REE ecotoxicology. Thus, we have studied the fate, bioaccumulation and biological effects of three representative REE, neodymium (Nd), gadolinium (Gd) and ytterbium (Yb), individually and in mixture, using the freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea. The organisms were exposed for 96 h at 1 mg L-1 REE in the absence and presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) reproducing an environmental contamination. Combined analysis of the fate, distribution and effects of REE at tissue and subcellular levels allowed a comprehensive understanding of their behaviour, which would help improving their environmental risk assessment. The bivalves accumulated significant concentrations of Nd, Gd and Yb, which were decreased in the presence of DOM likely due to the formation of REE-DOM complexes that reduced REE bioavailability. The accumulation of Nd, Gd and Yb differed between tissues, with gills > digestive gland ≥ rest of soft tissues > hemolymph. In the gills and in the digestive gland, Nd, Gd and Yb were mostly (>90 %) distributed among metal sensitive organelles, cellular debris and detoxified metal-rich granules. Gadolinium, Yb and especially Nd decreased lysosome size in the digestive gland and disturbed osmo- and iono-regulation of C. fluminea by decreasing Na concentrations in the hemolymph and Ca2+ ATPase activity in the gills. Individual and mixed Nd, Gd and Yb exhibited numerous similarities and some differences in terms of fate, accumulation and biological effects, possibly because they have common abiotic and biotic ligands but different affinities for the latter. In most cases, individual and mixed effects of Nd, Gd, Yb were similar suggesting that additivity approach is suitable for the environmental risk assessment of REE mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Lachaux
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier Moselle, F-57000 Metz, France.
| | - Alba Otero-Fariña
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France; Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Laboratoire Mer, Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BIOSSE), F-49000 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | | | - Bénédicte Sohm
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Julie Rétif
- Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Laboratoire Mer, Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BIOSSE), F-49000 Angers Cedex 01, France; Nantes University, Institut des Substances et Organismes de La Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Laboratoire Mer, Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BIOSSE), F-49000 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Laurence Poirier
- Nantes University, Institut des Substances et Organismes de La Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Simon Devin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier Moselle, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Sandrine Pain-Devin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier Moselle, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Elisabeth M Gross
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier Moselle, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Laure Giamberini
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier Moselle, F-57000 Metz, France
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Revel M, Medjoubi K, Rivard C, Vantelon D, Hursthouse A, Heise S. Determination of the distribution of rare earth elements La and Gd in Daphnia magna via micro and nano-SXRF imaging. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1288-1297. [PMID: 37249563 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00133d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
While our awareness of the toxicity of rare earth elements to aquatic organisms increases, our understanding of their direct interaction and accumulation remains limited. This study describes the acute toxicity of lanthanum (La) and gadolinium (Gd) in Daphnia magna neonates and discusses potential modes of action on the basis of the respective patterns of biodistribution. Ecotoxicological bioassays for acute toxicity were conducted and dissolved metal concentrations at the end of the tests were determined. The results showed a significant difference in nominal EC50 (immobility) between La (>30 mg L-1) and Gd (13.93 (10.92 to 17.38) mg L-1). Daphnids that were then exposed to a concentration close to the determined EC50 of Gd (15 mg L-1, nominal concentration) for 48 h and 72 h were studied by synchrotron micro and nano-X-ray fluorescence to evaluate the biodistribution of potentially accumulated metals. X-ray fluorescence analyses showed that La was mainly found in the intestinal track and appeared to accumulate in the hindgut. This accumulation might be explained by the ingestion of solid La precipitates formed in the media. In contrast, Gd could only be detected in a small amount, if at all, in the intestinal tract, but was present at a much higher concentration in the tissues and became more pronounced with longer exposure time. The solubility of Gd is higher in the media used, leading to higher dissolved concentrations and uptake into tissue in ionic form via common metal transporting proteins. By studying La and Gd biodistribution in D. magna after an acute exposure, the present study has demonstrated that different uptake pathways of solid and dissolved metal species may lead to different accumulation patterns and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Revel
- Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Science, Ulmenliet 20, D-21033 Hamburg, Germany.
- University of the CWest of Scotland, Paisley, PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Kadda Medjoubi
- SOLEIL synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Dptale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Camille Rivard
- SOLEIL synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Dptale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
- TRANSFORM, INRAE, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Delphine Vantelon
- SOLEIL synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Dptale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | | | - Susanne Heise
- Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Science, Ulmenliet 20, D-21033 Hamburg, Germany.
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