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Řimnáčová D, Bičáková O, Moško J, Straka P, Čimová N. The effect of carbonization temperature on textural properties of sewage sludge-derived biochars as potential adsorbents. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:120947. [PMID: 38718599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This article presents ways of recovering waste in the form of anaerobically digested and dried sewage sludge (average humidity approx. 6 wt%) by carbonization at various temperatures in the range of 400-900 °C. The resulting products, biochars, are investigated in terms of yield, surface properties and Raman spectra analysis. The sorption capacity of biochars differs depending on the carbonization temperature. The experimental amount of adsorbed CO2 slowly increases with the carbonization temperature from 0.212 mmol/g at 400 °C to the highest value of 0.415 mmol/g, which is achieved at 900 °C by slow carbonization at a rate of 10 °C/min. Additionally, there is a strong positive dependence of the adsorption capacity on the micropore volume. Higher carbonization temperatures support the powerful formation of micropores and improve their sorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Řimnáčová
- Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Olga Bičáková
- Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Moško
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Department of Power Engineering, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Straka
- Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Nikoleta Čimová
- Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Li J, Xie N, Feng C, Wang C, Huang R, Tao Q, Tang X, Wu Y, Luo Y, Li Q, Li B. Pore size and organic carbon of biochar limit the carbon sequestration potential of Bacillus cereus SR. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116229. [PMID: 38508101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Carbon-fixing functional strain-loaded biochar may have significant potential in carbon sequestration given the global warming situation. The carbon-fixing functional strain Bacillus cereus SR was loaded onto rice straw biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures with the anticipation of clarifying the carbon sequestration performance of this strain on biochar and the interaction effects with biochar. During the culture period, the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon in biochar changed. This finding indicated that B. cereus SR utilized organic carbon for survival and enhanced carbon sequestration on biochar to increase organic carbon, manifested by changes in CO2 emissions and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme activity. Linear regression analysis showed that the strain was likely to consume DOC on 300 °C biochar, although the Rubisco enzyme activity was higher. In contrast, the strain had a higher carbon sequestration potential on 500 °C biochar. Correlation analysis showed that Rubisco enzyme activity was controlled by the physical structure of the biochar. Our results highlight the differences in the survival mode and carbon sequestration potential of B. cereus SR on biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ningyi Xie
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changchun Feng
- China National Tobacco Corporation Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youlin Luo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Khaliq MA, Alsudays IM, Alhaithloul HAS, Rizwan M, Yong JWH, Ur Rahman S, Sagir M, Bashir S, Ali H, Hongchao Z. Biochar impacts on carbon dioxide, methane emission, and cadmium accumulation in rice from Cd-contaminated soils; A meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116204. [PMID: 38489905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and cadmium (Cd) contamination pose severe threats to rice production and food security. Biochar (BC) has emerged as a promising soil amendment for mitigating these challenges. To investigate the BC effects on paddy soil upon GHG emissions, Cd bioavailability, and its accumulation, a meta-analysis of published data from 2000 to 2023 was performed. Data Manager 5.3 and GetData plot Digitizer software were used to obtain and process the data for selected parameters. Our results showed a significant increase of 18% in soil pH with sewage sludge BC application, while 9% increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) using bamboo chips BC. There was a significant reduction in soil bulk density (8%), but no significant effects were observed for soil porosity, except for wheat straw BC which reduced the soil porosity by 6%. Sewage sludge and bamboo chips BC significantly reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) by 7-8% while municipal biowaste reduced methane (CH4) emissions by 2%. In the case of heavy metals, sunflower seedshells-derived materials and rice husk BC significantly reduced the bioavailable Cd in paddy soils by 24% and 12%, respectively. Cd uptake by rice roots was lowered considerably by the addition of kitchen waste (22%), peanut hulls (21%), and corn cob (15%) based BC. Similarly, cotton sticks, kitchen waste, peanut hulls, and rice husk BC restricted Cd translocation from rice roots to shoots by 22%, 27%, 20%, and 19%, respectively, while sawdust and rice husk-based BC were effective for reducing Cd accumulation in rice grains by 25% and 13%. Regarding rice yield, cotton sticks-based BC significantly increased the yield by 37% in Cd-contaminated paddy soil. The meta-analysis demonstrated that BC is an effective and multi-pronged strategy for sustainable and resilient rice cultivation by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and Cd accumulation while improving yields under the increasing threat of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Athar Khaliq
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tian-shui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | | | | | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23456, Sweden.
| | - Shafeeq Ur Rahman
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muhammad Sagir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32000, Pakistan
| | - Habib Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zuo Hongchao
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tian-shui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Zakaria DS, Rozi SKM, Halim HNA, Mohamad S, Zheng GK. New porous amine-functionalized biochar-based desiccated coconut waste as efficient CO 2 adsorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16309-16327. [PMID: 38315341 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Climate change caused by the greenhouse gases CO2 remains a topic of global concern. To mitigate the excessive levels of anthrophonic CO2 in the atmosphere, CO2 capture methods have been developed and among these, adsorption is an especially promising method. This paper presents a series of amine functionalized biochar obtained from desiccated coconut waste (amine-biochar@DCW) for use as CO2 adsorbent. They are ethylenediamine-functionalized biochar@DCW (EDA-biochar@DCW), diethylenetriamine-functionalized biochar@DCW (DETA-biochar@DCW), triethylenetetramine-functionalized biochar@DCW (TETA-biochar@DCW), tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized biochar@DCW (TEPA-biochar@DCW), and pentaethylenehexamine-functionalized biochar@DCW (PEHA-biochar@DCW). The adsorbents were obtained through amine functionalization of biochar and they are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The CO2 adsorption study was conducted isothermally and using a thermogravimetric analyzer. From the results of the characterization analyses, a series of amine-biochar@DCW adsorbents had larger specific surface area in the range of 16.2 m2/g-37.1 m2/g as compare to surface area of pristine DCW (1.34 m2/g). Furthermore, the results showed an increase in C and N contents as well as the appearance of NH stretching, NH bending, CN stretching, and CN bending, suggesting the presence of amine on the surface of biochar@DCW. The CO2 adsorption experiment shows that among the amine modified biochar adsorbents, TETA-biochar@DCW has the highest CO2 adsorption capacity (61.78 mg/g) when using a mass ratio (m:m) of biochar@DCW:TETA (1:2). The adsorption kinetics on the TETA-biochar@DCW was best fitted by the pseudo-second model (R2 = 0.9998), suggesting the adsorption process occurs through chemisorption. Additionally, TETA-biochar@DCW was found to have high selectivity toward CO2 gas and good reusability even after five CO2 adsorption-desorption cycles. The results demonstrate the potential of novel CO2 adsorbents based on amine functionalized on desiccated coconut waste biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Sofiea Zakaria
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi, Arau, 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Siti Khalijah Mahmad Rozi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi, Arau, 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.
- Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi, Arau, 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Mohamad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ghee Kang Zheng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi, Arau, 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
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Fang S, Zhao L, Rong G, Chen B, Xu X, Qiu H, Cao X. Converting coastal silt into subgrade soil with biochar as reinforcing agent, CO 2 adsorbent, and carbon sequestrating material. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118394. [PMID: 37354594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of coastal silt produced annually is urgent to be treated with a feasible strategy. This study converted it into subgrade soil by cement solidification for resource utilization. Biochar was used as exogenous additive for enhancing compressive strength of the product, simultaneously achieving carbon sequestration. Three biochars derived from peanut shells (PSBC), cow dung (CDBC) and sewage sludge (SSBC) at 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C pyrolysis, were added into raw materials with 1%, 2% and 5%, respectively. All biochars significantly improved the compressive strength of the subgrade soil by 20-110%. Biochar catalyzed cement hydration reactions to produce more Ca(OH)2, CaCO3 and calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H gel). The catalytic capacity of different biochars followed the order of SSBC > PSBC > CDBC. Addition of 2% SSBC500 induced the greatest increase in 28 d-strength from only 1.0 MPa-2.1 MPa, which was due to that 500 °C biochar had a suitable specific surface area and porosity. Biochar facilitated CO2 capture (absorption) during the hydration reactions at the initial 48 h with 55-70 mg g-1. The high alkalinity and water holding capacity of biochar contributed to the absorption of CO2; the high content of minerals in SSBC compared to CDBC and PSBC promoted chemical conversion of CO2 to carbonate. Besides, the biochar itself as carbon rich material was encapsulated in the subgrade soil, which can be regarded as a long-term carbon sequestration strategy. Carbon budget analysis demonstrated that converting one ton dry silt into subgrade soil with addition of 2% biochar could increase CO2 sequestration from 11 kg to 36-94 kg. This study proposes a novel strategy of using biochar to strengthen the subgrade soil simultaneously achieve long-term carbon sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Fang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Guoqiang Rong
- Baowu Group Environmental Resources Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Liu P, Qin S, Wang J, Zhang S, Tian Y, Zhang F, Liu C, Cao L, Zhou Y, Wang L, Wei Z, Zhang S. Effective CO 2 capture by in-situ nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon derived from waste antibiotic fermentation residues. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:121972. [PMID: 37295710 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is of great environmental benefit to rationally dispose of and utilize antibiotic fermentation residues. In this study, oxytetracycline fermentation residue was transformed into an in-situ nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon material with high CO2 adsorption performance by low-temperature pyrolysis pre-carbonization coupled with pyrolytic activation. The results indicated the activation under mild conditions (600 °C, KOH/OC = 2) was able to increase micropores and reduce the loss of in-situ nitrogen content. The developed microporous structure was beneficial for the filling adsorption of CO2, and the in-situ nitrogen doping in a high oxygen-containing carbon framework also strengthened the electrostatic adsorption with CO2. The maximum CO2 adsorption reached 4.38 mmol g-1 and 6.40 mmol g-1 at 25 °C and 0 °C (1 bar), respectively, with high CO2/N2 selectivity (32/1) and excellent reusability (decreased by 4% after 5 cycles). This study demonstrates the good application potential of oxytetracycline fermentation residue as in-situ nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon materials for CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiliang Liu
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shumeng Qin
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jieni Wang
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yijun Tian
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Chenxiao Liu
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Leichang Cao
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Yanmei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhangdong Wei
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Fan Z, Zhou X, Peng Z, Wan S, Gao ZF, Deng S, Tong L, Han W, Chen X. Co-pyrolysis technology for enhancing the functionality of sewage sludge biochar and immobilizing heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137929. [PMID: 36682641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge (SS) is a frequent and challenging issue for countries with big populations, due to its massive output, significant hazard potential, and challenging resource utilization. Pyrolysis can simultaneously realize the reduction, harmlessness and recycling of SS. Co-pyrolysis offers a wide range of potential in terms of increasing product quality and immobilizing heavy metals (HMs), thanks to its capacity to use additives to address the mismatch between SS characteristics and pyrolysis. High-value utilization potential of SS biochar is the key to evaluating the advancement of treatment technology. A further requirement for using biochar resources is the immobilization and bioavailability reduction of HMs. Due to the catalytic and synergistic effects in the co-pyrolysis process, co-pyrolysis SS biochar exhibits enhanced functionality and has been applied in soil improvement, pollutant adsorption and catalytic reactions. This review focuses on the research progress of different additives in improving the functionality of biochar and influencing the behavior of HMs. The key limitation and challenges in SS co-pyrolysis are then discussed. Future research prospects are detailed from seven perspectives, including pyrolysis process optimization, co-pyrolysis additive selection, catalytic mechanism research of process and product, biochar performance improvement and application field expansion, cooperative immobilization of HMs, and life cycle assessment. This review will offer recommendations and direction for future research paths, while also assist pertinent researchers in swiftly understanding the current state of SS pyrolysis research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Fan
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China.
| | - Xian Zhou
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Ziling Peng
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Sha Wan
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Zhuo Fan Gao
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Shanshan Deng
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Luling Tong
- Wuhan Planning & Design Institute, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Wei Han
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Research Center of Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010, China.
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Zhao L, Sun ZF, Pan XW, Tan JY, Yang SS, Wu JT, Chen C, Yuan Y, Ren NQ. Sewage sludge derived biochar for environmental improvement: Advances, challenges, and solutions. WATER RESEARCH X 2023; 18:100167. [PMID: 37250290 PMCID: PMC10214287 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid growth yield of global sewage sludge, rational and effective treatment and disposal methods are becoming increasingly needed. Biochar preparation is an attractive option for sewage sludge treatment, the excellent physical and chemical properties of sludge derived biochar make it an attractive option for environmental improvement. Here, the current application state of sludge derived biochar was comprehensively reviewed, and the advances in the mechanism and capacity of sludge biochar in water contaminant removal, soil remediation, and carbon emission reduction were described, with particular attention to the key challenges involved, e.g., possible environmental risks and low efficiency. Several new strategies for overcoming sludge biochar application barriers to realize highly efficient environmental improvement were highlighted, including biochar modification, co-pyrolysis, feedstock selection and pretreatment. The insights offered in this review will facilitate further development of sewage sludge derived biochar, towards addressing the obstacles in its application in environmental improvement and global environmental crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhong-Fang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Pan
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, China
| | - Jing-Yan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie-Ting Wu
- School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Biological Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 10076, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Du H, Ye Y, Xu P, Sun J. Experimental and theoretical study on dicationic imidazolium derived poly(ionic liquid)s for catalytic cycloaddition of CO2-epoxide. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Liu J, Zhang K, Wang H, Lin L, Zhang J, Li P, Zhang Q, Shi J, Cui H. Advances in Micro-/Mesopore Regulation Methods for Plant-Derived Carbon Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204261. [PMID: 36297839 PMCID: PMC9611847 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, renewable and clean energy has become increasingly important due to energy shortage and environmental pollution. Selecting plants as the carbon precursors to replace costly non-renewable energy sources causing severe pollution is a good choice. In addition, owing to their diverse microstructure and the rich chemical composition, plant-based carbon materials are widely used in many fields. However, some of the plant-based carbon materials have the disadvantage of possessing a large percentage of macroporosity, limiting their functionality. In this paper, we first introduce two characteristics of plant-derived carbon materials: diverse microstructure and rich chemical composition. Then, we propose improvement measures to cope with a high proportion of macropores of plant-derived carbon materials. Emphatically, size regulation methods are summarized for micropores (KOH activation, foam activation, physical activation, freezing treatment, and fungal treatment) and mesopores (H3PO4 activation, enzymolysis, molten salt activation, and template method). Their advantages and disadvantages are also compared and analyzed. Finally, the paper makes suggestions on the pore structure improvement of plant-derived carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Beijing Spacecraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Junyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Hang Cui
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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