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Feiyue G, Chuncai Z, Yachuan C, Yue Y, Yunfei L, Guijian L. Synthesis of porous carbon derived from coal tar residue via bimetallic salt activation for effective and selective adsorption of thallium(I). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134755. [PMID: 38852249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
As a highly toxic rare metal, the removal of thallium (Tl) from wastewater has been widely investigated, and adsorption is considered one of the most promising treatment technologies for Tl-containing contaminated water because of its cost-effectiveness, convenience, and high efficacy. In this work, coal tar residue (CTR)-based porous carbon was synthesized through K2FeO4 activation, and applied in adsorbing Tl(I). K2FeO4 could synergistically produce porosity and load iron oxide on the produced porous carbon surface because of the catalytic cracking and oxidative etching during the activation of CTR. The adsorbent was synthesized at 800 ℃ with a mass ratio of K2FeO4/CTR being 3 (PC3-800) showed optimal Tl(I) adsorption performance. The removal efficiency and distribution coefficient of PC3-800 were above 95 % and 104 mL/g, respectively, in a wide pH range (4-10). Furthermore, the selection and reusability of PC3-800 were favorable. The adsorption was a spontaneous, exothermic, and entropy increase process. The adsorption process was dominated by electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, and surface oxidation. The results suggested that removing Tl(I) from contaminated water via CTR-based porous carbon was feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Feiyue
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhou Chuncai
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Cao Yachuan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yu Yue
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Li Yunfei
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193, Road Tunxi, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liu Guijian
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Road Jinzhai, Hefei 230026, China
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Sanni SO, Oluokun O, Akpotu SO, Pholosi A, E Pakade V. Removal of tetracycline from the aquatic environment using activated carbon: A comparative study of adsorption performance based on the activator agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34637. [PMID: 39130454 PMCID: PMC11315132 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This research focus endeavour to compare the remediation of tetracycline (TC) through activated carbon (AC), crafted utilizing two distinct chemical activators: zinc chloride (ACZ), and potassium hydroxide (ACK), using pine cone biowaste as an effective carbon precursor, followed by microwave-assisted activation. The impact of TC removal by ACZ and ACK adsorbents was thoroughly examined. The influence of pH, adsorbent mass, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and inclusive thermodynamics were studied. Our results revealed that the interaction between TC and ACZ or ACK adsorbents aligned well with the model of pseudo-second-order kinetics, whilst the Langmuir model fitted the adsorption isotherm data of ACZ and ACK. The ACZ have a maximum adsorption capacity of 327.87 mg/g compared to that of the ACK (283.29 mg/g). Adsorption of TC was facilitated by the suitable pore volume, abundant microporous, and mesoporous structure of these adsorbents. The ACZ adsorbent is abundant in oxygen-containing functional groups, compared to ACK with minimized reactive sites, in bonding with the TC molecules through hydrogen bonding, for faster removal of TC. Our finding from this work further highlights that the synthesized ACZ from pine cones evidenced significant environmental potentials in the elimination of antibiotics from aqueous solution, to promote clean application perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheed O. Sanni
- Biosorption and Water Treatment Research Laboratory, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa
| | - Oluwayimika Oluokun
- Biosorption and Water Treatment Research Laboratory, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa
| | - Samson O. Akpotu
- Biosorption and Water Treatment Research Laboratory, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa
| | - Agnes Pholosi
- Biosorption and Water Treatment Research Laboratory, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa
| | - Vusumzi E Pakade
- Biosorption and Water Treatment Research Laboratory, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark, 1900, South Africa
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Hassan NS, Jalil AA, Bahari MB, Izzuddin NM, Fauzi NAFM, Jusoh NWC, Kamaroddin MFA, Saravanan R, Tehubijuluw H. A critical review of MXene-based composites in the adsorptive and photocatalysis of hexavalent chromium removal from industrial wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119584. [PMID: 38992758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The growing concern of water pollution is a critical issue stemming from industrialization and urbanization. One of the specific concerns within this broader problem is the toxicity associated with chromium (Cr), especially in its Cr (VI) form. Transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) are attractive materials for the treatment of water due to their unique properties such as layered structure, high surface area, conductivity, flexibility, scalable manufacture, and surface functions. Adsorption and photocatalysis reactions are the two promising methods for the removal of Cr (VI) by using MXenes. Still, most of the previous reviews were limited to the single application area. Hence, this review covers recent developments in MXene-based composites, highlighting their dual role as both adsorbents and photocatalysts in the removal of Cr (VI). MXene-based composites are found to be effective in both adsorption and photodegradation of Cr (VI). Most MXene-based composites have demonstrated exceptional removal efficiency for Cr (VI), achieving impressive adsorption capacities ranging from 100 to 1500 mg g-1 and degradation percentages between 80% and 100% in a relatively short period. The active functional groups present on the surface of MXene have a viable impact on the adsorption and photodegradation performance. The mechanism of Cr (VI) removal is explained, with MXenes playing a key role in electrostatic attraction for adsorption and as co-catalysts in photocatalysis. However, MXene-based composites have limitations such as instability, competition with co-existing ions, and regeneration challenges. Further research is needed to address these limitations. Additionally, MXene-based composites hold promise for addressing water contamination, heavy metal removal, hydrogen production, energy storage, gas sensing, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Hassan
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - A A Jalil
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 60210, India.
| | - M B Bahari
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - N M Izzuddin
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - N A F M Fauzi
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - N W C Jusoh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M F A Kamaroddin
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - R Saravanan
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| | - H Tehubijuluw
- Department of Chemistry, Pattimura University, Kampus Poka, 97134, Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena, Ambon, Indonesia
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Zhong J, Zhu W, Wang X, Sun J, Mu B, Xu Y, Li G. Effect mechanism of iron conversion on adsorption performance of hydrochar derived from coking sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165427. [PMID: 37451467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Fe conversion during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of coking sludge were investigated, and the effect mechanism of Fe component on the adsorption performance of coking sludge hydrochar (CHC) was explored. The results showed that after HTC treatment, more than 95 % of Fe remained in the CHC. Fe3+ was reduced to Fe2+ by sugar and amino acids. Fe was stabilized during the HTC process and was still predominantly in the Fe manganese oxidation state. The CHC prepared at 270 °C exhibited excellent adsorption capacities for Congo red (CR), tetracycline (TC), and Cr (VI). Their maximum adsorption capacities were 140.85, 147.06, and 19.92 mg/g, respectively. Quantitative adsorption mechanism experiments, XRD and VSM characterization revealed that Fe component played a significant role in adsorption, and CHC with more Fe3O4 exhibited better adsorption capacity. The results of the XPS characterization of CHC before and after adsorption showed that Fe3O4 provided rich Fe adsorption sites on the surface of CHC to strengthen the adsorption efficiency of pollutants through Fe3+/Fe2+ reduction and complexation of Fe-O/N. In addition, the formed Fe3O4 also imparted CHC with magnetic properties (Ms = 4.12 emu/g) to facilitate the subsequent separation and recovery. These results demonstrated that the prepared CHC has great potential for treating actual wastewater containing CR and TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhong
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Center for Taihu Basin, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Jipeng Sun
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Biao Mu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yucheng Xu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Guorui Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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Pei T, Shi F, Liu C, Lu Y, Lin X, Hou D, Yang S, Li J, Zheng Z, Zheng Y. Bamboo-derived nitrogen-doping magnetic porous hydrochar coactivated by K 2FeO 4 and CaCO 3 for phenol removal: Governing factors and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 331:121871. [PMID: 37225081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel nitrogen-doped magnetic Fe-Ca codoped biochar for phenol removal was successfully fabricated via a hydrothermal and coactivation pyrolysis method. A series of adsorption process parameters (K2FeO4 to CaCO3 ratio, initial phenol concentration, pH value, adsorption time, adsorbent dosage and ion strength) and adsorption models (kinetic models, isotherms and thermodynamic models) were determined using batch experiments and various analysis techniques (XRD, BET, SEM-EDX, Raman spectroscopy, VSM, FTIR and XPS) to investigate the adsorption mechanism and metal-nitrogen-carbon interaction. The biochar with a ratio of Biochar: K2FeO4: CaCO3 = 3:1:1 exhibited superior properties for adsorption of phenol and had a maximum adsorption capacity of 211.73 mg/g at 298 K, C0 = 200 mg/L, pH = 6.0 and t = 480 min. These excellent adsorption properties were due to superior physicomechanical properties (a large specific surface area (610.53 m2/g) and pore volume (0.3950 cm3/g), a well-developed pore structure (hierarchical), a high graphitization degree (ID/IG = 2.02), the presence of O/N-rich functional groups and Fe-Ox,Ca-Ox, N-doping, as well as synergistic activation by K2FeO4 and CaCO3). The Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models effectively fit the adsorption data, indicating multilayer physicochemical adsorption. Pore filling and π-π interactions were the predominant mechanisms for phenol removal, and H-bonding interactions, Lewis-acid-base interactions, and metal complexation played an important role in enhancing phenol removal. A simple, feasible approach with application potential to organic contaminant/pollutant removal was developed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Pei
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Feng Shi
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Can Liu
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Xu Lin
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Defa Hou
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Shunxiong Yang
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Jirong Li
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Zheng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued Conversion Technology of Agricultural Biomass (Xiamen University), Fujian Provincial Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies for Biomass, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yunwu Zheng
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China.
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Gao F, Zhang L, Yang L, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Structural Properties of Graphene Oxide Prepared from Graphite by Three Different Methods and the Effect on Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13020279. [PMID: 36678032 PMCID: PMC9867312 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, three types of graphene oxides (GOs, GO-M1, GO-M2 and GO-M3) have been successfully prepared from graphite by three different methods and utilized for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Further, the effects of initial concentration and pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature on the adsorption performance of GOs were investigated by batch adsorption experiments. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanisms for Cr(VI) adsorption by GOs are mainly the redox reaction and electrostatic attraction, while there are also pore filling, ion exchange and complexation involved in these adsorption processes. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm data indicate that these adsorption processes of GOs on Cr(VI) are dominantly monolayer chemisorption and equilibrium can be reached in 30 min. The saturation adsorption capacities (Qm, 298.15 K) of GO-M1, GO-M2 and GO-M3 for Cr(VI) are estimated to be 3.5412 mg⋅g-1, 2.3631 mg⋅g-1 and 7.0358 mg⋅g-1, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption thermodynamic study showed that these adsorption processes of Cr(VI) by the three types of GOs at 298.15 K to 323.15 K are endothermic, entropy-driven and thermodynamically spontaneous and feasible. Overall, these findings provided vital insights into the mechanism and application of Cr(VI) removal by GOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Libin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Zhou J, Yu M, Qu J, Akindolie MS, Bi F, Liu Y, Jiang Z, Wang L, Zhang B, Zhang Y. Hydrothermal carbonization of alfalfa: role of processing variables on hydrochar properties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85300-85311. [PMID: 35794322 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization of alfalfa is a potential way to reuse agricultural waste. However, the effects of hydrothermal conditions on the properties of alfalfa-derived hydrochar are not clear. Herein, this study investigated the impact of different synthesis conditions (e.g., heating temperature, heating time, and solid to liquid ratio) on the formation and properties of hydrochar. Characterization and thermogravimetric analysis results revealed that with the increase of hydrothermal temperature and the extension of time, cellulose in alfalfa broken down more completely, and the number of carbon spheres and the aromatization degree increased, while the functional groups decreased. Furthermore, there was a surge in the carbon content, fixed carbon yield, high heating value, reduced oxygen, and volatile content. Additionally, the enhancement solid-liquid ratio could effectively improve the energy and mass yields. In all, by adjusting the process parameters of hydrochar, cleaner and higher productivity products could be obtained. This study provides theory basis for the production of target hydrochar that is used to soil amendments, adsorbents, and energy sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Research Academy of Environmental Science, Harbin, 150056, China
| | - Mingjie Yu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Modupe Sarah Akindolie
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fuxuan Bi
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Rd, Changchun, 130102, China.
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Qu J, Wu Z, Liu Y, Li R, Wang D, Wang S, Wei S, Zhang J, Tao Y, Jiang Z, Zhang Y. Ball milling potassium ferrate activated biochar for efficient chromium and tetracycline decontamination: Insights into activation and adsorption mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127407. [PMID: 35667535 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, novel Fe-biochar composites (MBCBM500 and MBCBM700) were synthesized through K2FeO4 co-pyrolysis and ball milling, and were used to eliminate Cr(VI)/TC from water. Characterization results revealed that higher temperature promoted formation of zero-valent iron and Fe3C on MBCBM700 through carbothermal reduction between K2FeO4 and biochar. The higher specific surface area and smaller particle size of MBCBM500/700 stemmed from the corrosive functions of K and the ball milling process. And the maximal uptake amount of MBCBM700 for Cr(VI)/TC was 117.49/90.31 mg/g, relatively higher than that of MBCBM500 (93.86/84.15 mg/g). Furthermore, ion exchange, pore filling, precipitation, complexation, reduction and electrostatic attraction were proved to facilitate the adsorption of Cr(VI), while hydrogen bonding force, pore filling, complexation and π-π stacking were the primary pathways to eliminate TC. This study provide a reasonable design of Fe-carbon materials for Cr(VI)/TC contained water remediation, which required neither extra modifiers nor complex preparation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhihuan Wu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruolin Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuqi Wei
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingru Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Rd, Changchun 130102, China.
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