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Burgos-Aceves MA, Migliaccio V, Di Gregorio I, Paolella G, Lepretti M, Faggio C, Lionetti L. 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT) and 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis (p, p'-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) as endocrine disruptors in human and wildlife: A possible implication of mitochondria. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103684. [PMID: 34052433 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT) and its main metabolite 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis (p, p'-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) act as endocrine disruptors in humans and wildlife. Immunomodulatory functions have also been attributed to both xenobiotics. DDT was banned in the 1970s due to its toxicity, but it is still produced and used for indoor residual spraying with disease vector control purposes. Due to their persistence and lipophilic properties, DDT and DDE can bioaccumulate through the food chain, being stored in organisms' adipose depots. Their endocrine disruptor function is mediated by agonist or antagonist interaction with nuclear receptors. Present review aimed to provide an overview of how DDT and DDE exposure impacts reproductive and immune systems with estrogen-disrupting action in humans and wildlife. Studies showing DDT and DDE impact on mitochondrial function and apoptosis pathway will also be reviewed, suggesting the hypothesis of direct action on mitochondrial steroid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Gregorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Gaetana Paolella
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Marilena Lepretti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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Fard AA, Samadi M, Biabangard A. Possible Protective Effects of Curcumin via Modulating of Androgen Receptor (AR) and Oct2 Gene Alterations in Cisplatin-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rat. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:458-463. [PMID: 32392119 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200511073302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat testicular cancer that induces testicular toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the possible role of androgens, androgen receptor, and organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) in the protective effects of curcumin on cisplatininduced testicular toxicity. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1- control (normal saline, 0.5 ml ip, daily for 10 consecutive days); 2- cisplatin (10 mg/kg ip, single dose at the first day); 3- cisplatin + curcumin (10 mg/kg ip, dissolved in 5% DMSO, daily for 10 consecutive days); 4- cisplatin + vehicle (DMSO 5%, 0.3 ml ip); and 5- curcumin (10 mg/kg ip). At the end of the study, a blood sample was obtained for testosterone measurement. The left testis was kept at -80. to measure androgen receptor (AR) and type 2 organic cation transporter (OCT2) gene expression and the right testis were kept in 10% formalin for histological analysis. RESULTS Cisplatin significantly decreased serum testosterone, declined testis AR gene expression, and increased OCT2 gene expression in testis (p<0.01). Curcumin treatment significantly prevented these alterations in testosterone and gene expressions (p<0.01). Moreover, curcumin significantly reversed the cisplatin-induced kidney tissue injury and increased spermatid and spermatozoa. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the ameliorative effect of curcumin in cisplatin-induced reproductive disorders was due to the modulation of testosterone and androgen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin A Fard
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Samadi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Biabangard
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Yang X, Liu P, Cui Y, Xiao B, Liu M, Song M, Huang W, Li Y. Review of the Reproductive Toxicity of T-2 Toxin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:727-734. [PMID: 31895560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin, an inevitable environmental pollutant, is the most toxic type A trichothecene mycotoxin. Reproductive disruption is a key adverse effect of T-2 toxin. Herein, this paper reviews the reproductive toxicity of T-2 toxin and its mechanisms in male and female members of different species. The reproductive toxicity of T-2 toxin is evidenced by decreased fertility, disrupted structures and functions of reproductive organs, and loss of gametogenesis in males and females. T-2 toxin disrupts the reproductive endocrine axis and inhibits reproductive hormone synthesis. Furthermore, exposure to T-2 toxin during pregnancy results in embryotoxicity and the abnormal development of offspring. We also summarize the research progress in counteracting the reproductive toxicity of T-2 toxin. This review provides information toward a comprehensive understanding of the reproductive toxicity mechanisms of T-2 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengli Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yilong Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bonan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wanyue Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , 600 Changjiang Road , Xiangfang District, Harbin , Heilongjiang 150030 , People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Nie S, Yu Q, Wang X, Huang D, Xie M. Downregulation of steroid hormone receptor expression and activation of cell signal transduction pathways induced by a chiral nonylphenol isomer in mouse sertoli TM4 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:469-476. [PMID: 27086933 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenols (NPs) are considered as important environmental toxicants and potential endocrine disrupting compounds which can disrupt male reproductive system. 4-[1-Ethyl-1-methylhexy] phenol (4-NP65 ) is one of the main isomers of technical nonylphenol mixtures. In the present study, effect of NPs was evaluated from an isomer-specific viewpoint using 4-NP65 . Decreased mRNA expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER)-α, ER-β, androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PR) were observed in the cells exposed to 4-NP65 for 24 h. Furthermore, 4-NP65 treatment evoked significant decrease in protein expression levels of ER-α and ER-β. Levels of mullerian inhibiting substance and transferrin were found to change significantly in 4-NP65 challenged cells. Additionally, JNK1/2-MAPK pathway was activated due to 4-NP65 exposure, but not ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK pathways. Meanwhile, 4-NP65 increased the p-Akt level and showed no effects on the Akt level which indicated that Akt pathway was activated by 4-NP65 . In conclusion, these findings have shown that 4-NP65 exposure affected expression of cell receptors and cell signaling pathways in Sertoli TM4 cells. We proposed that molecular mechanism of reproductive damage in Sertoli cells induced by NPs may be mediated by cell receptors and/or cell signal transduction pathways, and that the effects were dependent on the side chain of NP isomers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 469-476, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
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Bozkaya F, Atli MO, Guzeloglu A, Kayis SA, Yildirim ME, Kurar E, Yilmaz R, Aydilek N. Effects of long-term heat stress and dietary restriction on the expression of genes of steroidogenic pathway and small heat-shock proteins in rat testicular tissue. Andrologia 2016; 49. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Bozkaya
- Department of Genetics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Harran University; Sanliurfa Turkey
| | - M. O. Atli
- Department of ObGyn; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Dicle University; Diyarbakir Turkey
| | - A. Guzeloglu
- Department of Genetics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Selcuk University; Konya Turkey
| | - S. A. Kayis
- Department of Biostatistics; Faculty of Medicine; Karabuk University; Karabuk Turkey
| | - M. E. Yildirim
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; Turgut Ozal University; Ankara Turkey
| | - E. Kurar
- Department of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Necmettin Erbakan University; Konya Turkey
| | - R. Yilmaz
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Harran University; Sanliurfa Turkey
| | - N. Aydilek
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Dicle University; Diyarbakir Turkey
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Kumar N, Srivastava S, Roy P. Impact of low molecular weight phthalates in inducing reproductive malfunctions in male mice: Special emphasis on Sertoli cell functions. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 215:36-50. [PMID: 25268316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are commonly used as plasticizers in a variety of products. Since they have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), effect of phthalates on human health is a major concern. In this study, we evaluated individual as well as combined mixture effects of three low molecular weight phthalates on the reproductive system of male mice, specifically on the Sertoli cell structure and function. In order to analyze the blood testes barrier (BTB) dynamics, primary culture of Sertoli cells from 3-weeks old male mice was used for mimicking typical tight junction structures. Male mice were exposed to long-term (45 days) and combined mixture of three phthalates, diethyl phthalate (DEP), diphenyl phthalate (DPP), and dimethyl isophthalate (DMIP) between pre-pubertal to adult stage. Our data showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the rates of transcription of certain prominent Sertoli cell specific genes like transferrin, testin and occludin. Moreover, we also observed significant decreases in the expression of proteins like 3β-HSD, connexin-43 and occludin in testicular lysates of treated animals (p < 0.05). The transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed that the test compounds significantly altered the structural integrity of Sertoli cells. The significant changes of Sertoli cell tight junction structure by test compounds were associated with phosphorylation of ERK. Taken together, our study suggests that low molecular weight phthalates may affect male fertility by altering both structural and functional integrity of Sertoli cells in testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narender Kumar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Reis MMS, Moreira AC, Sousa M, Mathur PP, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Sertoli cell as a model in male reproductive toxicology: Advantages and disadvantages. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:870-83. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana M. S. Reis
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS); University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Ana C. Moreira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS); University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Mário Sousa
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS); University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Premendu P. Mathur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences; Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India & KIIT University; Bhubaneswar India
| | - Pedro F. Oliveira
- CICS - UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
| | - Marco G. Alves
- CICS - UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
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8
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Liu Z, Sun Y, Su L, Sun Y, Kong S, Chang X, Guo F, Li W, Guo J, Li J. Effects of cisplatin on testicular enzymes and Sertoli cell function in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2131/fts.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shibo Kong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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9
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Liu X, Nie S, Chen Y, Huang D, Xie M. Effects of 4-nonylphenol isomers on cell receptors and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Toxicology 2014; 326:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Chen M, Hao J, Yang Q, Li G. Effects of icariin on reproductive functions in male rats. Molecules 2014; 19:9502-14. [PMID: 24995929 PMCID: PMC6271987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19079502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects and potential mechanism(s) of action of icariin on the reproductive functions of male rats. Adult rats were treated orally with icariin at doses of 0 (control), 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg body weight for 35 consecutive days. The results show that icariin had virtually no effect on the body weight or organ coefficients of the testes or epididymides. However, 100 mg/kg icariin significantly increased epididymal sperm counts. In addition, 50 and 100 mg/kg icariin significantly increased testosterone levels. Real-time PCR suggests icariin may be involved in testosterone production via mRNA expression regulation of genes such as peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). Furthermore, 100 mg/kg icariin treatment also affected follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and claudin-11 mRNA expression in Sertoli cells. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the testes; 50 and 100 mg/kg icariin treatment improved antioxidative capacity, while 200 mg/kg icariin treatment upregulated oxidative stress. These results collectively suggest that icariin within a certain dose range is beneficial to male reproductive functions; meanwhile, higher doses of icariin may damage reproductive functions by increasing oxidative stress in the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxin Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jie Hao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qiaozhen Yang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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11
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Liu X, Nie S, Huang D, Xie M. Effects of nonylphenol exposure on expression of cell receptors and secretory function in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:608-616. [PMID: 24583408 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nonylphenol (NP) exposure on the expression of cell receptors and secretory function in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. There were no significant changes in mRNA expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α and toll like receptor (TLR)-4 in the cells exposed to NP for 24h. However, the mRNA expression levels of ER-β, progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) were down-regulated in NP groups. Furthermore, NP treatment evoked significant changes in protein expression levels of ER-β and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). There were significant changes in the mRNA expression levels of vinculin, N-cadherin and occludin, but not vimentin. Levels of inhibin B, androgen binding protein (ABP) and transferrin (Trf) were found to change significantly in NP challenged cells. Additionally, the decrease of nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression and increase of cytokine levels were simultaneously found in NP stimulated TM4 cells. In conclusion, these findings have shown that NP exposure affected expression of cell receptors and may damage specific secretory function of Sertoli TM4 cells, which may be associated with the male-specific reproductive toxicity of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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12
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Mehrpour O, Karrari P, Zamani N, Tsatsakis AM, Abdollahi M. Occupational exposure to pesticides and consequences on male semen and fertility: a review. Toxicol Lett 2014; 230:146-56. [PMID: 24487096 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides affects many body organs including reproductive system. Disorder of the reproductive system leads to infertility and therefore has been in the center of attention within the recent decades. Pesticides are one of the compounds that might reduce the semen quality in the exposed workers according to current knowledge. Although many underlying mechanisms have been proposed, the mechanisms of action are not clarified yet. The object of the present review was to criticize all the results of studies which evaluated the pesticide effects on male reproductive system. Results indicate that semen changes are multifactorial in the workers exposed to pesticides as there are numerous factors affecting sperm quality in occupational exposures. Majority of pesticides including organophosphoruses affect the male reproductive system by mechanisms such as reduction of sperm density and motility, inhibition of spermatogenesis, reduction of testis weights, reduction of sperm counts, motility, viability and density, and inducing sperm DNA damage, and increasing abnormal sperm morphology. Reduced weight of testes, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and ventral prostate, seminiferous tubule degeneration, change in plasma levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), decreased level and activity of the antioxidant enzymes in testes, and inhibited testicular steroidogenesis are other possible mechanisms. Moreover, DDT and its metabolites have estrogenic effects on males. Although effect of pesticides on sperm quality is undeniable, well-designed long-term studies are needed to elucidate all the possible affecting variables such as socioeconomic, cultural, nutritional, occupational, physical, and clinical characteristics alongside pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mehrpour
- Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran; Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Science, Pasdaran Avenue, Birjand, Iran; Addiction Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medial Toxicology, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parissa Karrari
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Science, Pasdaran Avenue, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nasim Zamani
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Abarikwu SO, Pant AB, Farombi EO. Effects of quercetin on mRNA expression of steroidogenesis genes in primary cultures of Leydig cells treated with atrazine. Toxicol In Vitro 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Shi YQ, Li HW, Wang YP, Liu CJ, Yang KD. p,p'-DDE induces apoptosis and mRNA expression of apoptosis-associated genes in testes of pubertal rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:31-41. [PMID: 21384494 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
One,1-dichloro-2,2 bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE), the major metabolite of 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT), is a known persistent organic pollutant and male reproductive toxicant. It has antiandrogenic effect. However, the mechanism by which p,p'-DDE exposure causes male reproductive toxicity remains unknown. To elucidate the mechanism underpinning the testicular effects of p,p'-DDE, we sought to investigate apoptotic effects and mRNA expression of apoptosis-associated genes in the testis of pubertal rats, including Fas, FasL, calpain-1, cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-w, Bak, and caspase-3, -8, -9, -12. Animals were administered with different doses of p,p'-DDE (0, 20, 60, 100 mg/kg body weight) every other day by intraperitoneal injection for 10 days. The results indicated that p,p'-DDE exposure at over 20 mg/kg body weight showed the induction of apoptotic cell death. p,p'-DDE could induce decrease in SOD and GSH-Px activity of serum in 60 mg/kg body weight group. Significant elevations in the mRNA levels of Fas, FasL, calpain-1, cytochrome c, Bax, Bak, and caspase-3, -8, -9, -12 were observed in testis of rat treated with p,p'-DDE. Taken together, these results lead us to speculate that in vivo exposure to p,p'-DDE might induce testicular apoptosis in pubertal rats through the involvement of Fas/FasL, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Shi
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic China.
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Meijer L, Martijn A, Melessen J, Brouwer A, Weiss J, de Jong FH, Sauer PJJ. Influence of prenatal organohalogen levels on infant male sexual development: sex hormone levels, testes volume and penile length. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:867-72. [PMID: 22215630 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors, like organohalogen compounds (OHCs), might be responsible for the increased aberrations in human male sexual development (hypospadias, cryptorchidism, testicular cancer and fall in sperm count) observed over the past decades. This development is established during fetal life, and reflected in sex hormone levels, testes volume and penile length post-partum. The present study investigates the correlation between prenatal OHC levels and male sexual development outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS Levels of eight neutral [2,2'-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1'-dichloroethene (4,4'-DDE), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE)-47, -99, -100, -153, -154 and 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane, HBCDD] and four phenolic [(pentachlorophenol (PCP), 4OH-CB-107 (4-hydroxy-2,3,3',4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl), -146 and -187)] OHCs were determined in 55 maternal serum samples taken at 35 weeks of pregnancy. Eight sex development-related hormones [testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG); LH, FSH, estradiol (E(2)), free E(2) (FE(2)) and inhibin B (InhB)] were determined in their sons at 3 months of age, and testes volume and penile length at 3 and 18 months of age. The following prenatal OHC levels correlated significantly with sex hormone levels: PCP with SHBG and InhB (ρ = 0.30 and -0.43, respectively), 4OH-CB-107 with testosterone (ρ = 0.31) and BDE-154 with FE(2), E(2) and InhB (ρ = 0.49, 0.54 and 0.34, respectively). BDE-154 levels correlated positively with testes volume at 18 months of age (ρ = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS Prenatal OHC exposure is correlated with aspects of sexual development outcome in boys up to 18 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Meijer
- Beatrix Children' s Hospital, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30001, Groningen 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
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16
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The Damaging Effects of Different Bands Electromagnetic Radiation on The Rat Sertoli Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1260.2011.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mota PC, Cordeiro M, Pereira SP, Oliveira PJ, Moreno AJ, Ramalho-Santos J. Differential effects of p,p′-DDE on testis and liver mitochondria:Implications for reproductive toxicology. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 31:80-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Shi YQ, Wang YP, Song Y, Li HW, Liu CJ, Wu ZG, Yang KD. p,p'-DDE induces testicular apoptosis in prepubertal rats via the Fas/FasL pathway. Toxicol Lett 2009; 193:79-85. [PMID: 20025943 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,1-Dichloro-2,2 bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE), the major metabolite of 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT), is a known persistent organic pollutant and male reproductive toxicant. It has antiandrogenic effect. However, the mechanism by which p,p'-DDE exposure causes male reproductive toxicity remains unknown. To elucidate the mechanism underpinning the testicular effects of p,p'-DDE, we sought to investigate Fas/FasL apoptotic pathway in the testis of prepubertal rats, including Fas, FasL, caspase-8, -3, and NF-kappaB. Animals were administered with different doses of p,p'-DDE (0, 20, 60, 100mg/kg b.wt) every other day by intraperitoneal injection for 10 days. The results indicated that p,p'-DDE exposure at over 20mg/kg b.wt showed the induction of apoptotic cell death. p,p'-DDE could induce increase in the MDA level, and decrease in SOD and GSH-Px activity. Significant elevations in the mRNA levels of Fas along with an increase in FasL, caspase-3, -8 were observed in 100mg/kg b.wt group. In protein level, p,p'-DDE could induce increase of FasL and reduction of procaspase-8. NF-kappaB p65 was activated by p,p'-DDE treatment in rat testis. In addition, the activities of caspase-3, -8 were increased in 100mg/kg b.wt group. Taken together, these results lead us to speculate that in vivo exposure to p,p'-DDE might induce testicular apoptosis in prepubertal rats through the Fas/FasL pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Shi
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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p,p'-DDE induces apoptosis of rat Sertoli cells via a FasL-dependent pathway. J Biomed Biotechnol 2009; 2009:181282. [PMID: 19644561 PMCID: PMC2717566 DOI: 10.1155/2009/181282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
One,1-dichloro-2,2 bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p′-DDE), the major metabolite of 2,2-bis(4-Chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT), is a known persistent organic pollutant and male reproductive toxicant. It has antiandrogenic effect. However, the mechanism by which p,p′-DDE exposure causes male reproductive
toxicity remains unknown. In the present study, rat Sertoli cells were used to investigate the molecular mechanism involved in p,p′-DDE-induced toxicity in male reproductive system. The results indicated that p,p′-DDE exposure at over 30 μM showed the induction of apoptotic cell death. p,p′-DDE could induce increases in FasL mRNA and protein, which could be blocked by an antioxidant agent, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). In addition, caspase-3 and -8 were activated by p,p′-DDE treatment in these cells. The activation of NF-κB was enhanced with the increase of p,p′-DDE dose. Taken together, these results suggested that exposure to p,p′-DDE might induce apoptosis of rat Sertoli cells through a FasL-dependent pathway.
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Song Y, Liang X, Hu Y, Wang Y, Yu H, Yang K. p,p'-DDE induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of cultured rat Sertoli cells. Toxicology 2008; 253:53-61. [PMID: 18817839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Revised: 08/10/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
p,p'-Dichlorodiphenoxydichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), the major metabolite of dichlorodiphenoxytrichloroethane (DDT), is a known persistent organic pollutant and male reproductive toxicant. However, the mechanism underlying male reproductive toxicity of p,p'-DDE remains limited. In the present study, Sertoli cells were used to investigate the molecular mechanism involved in p,p'-DDE's male reproductive toxicity. Results showed that p,p'-DDE exposure at over 30 microM showed induction of apoptotic cell death. p,p'-DDE could induce mitochondria-mediated apoptotic changes including elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)), and release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, which could be blocked by antioxidant agent N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). In addition, elevated ratios of Bax/Bcl-w and Bak/Bcl-w and cleavages of procaspase-3 and -9 were induced by p,p'-DDE treatment. All of the results suggested that ROS generation may play a critical role in the initiation of p,p'-DDE-induced apoptosis by mediation of the disruption of DeltaPsi(m), the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and further the activation of caspase cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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