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Mondal T, Loffredo CA, Simhadri J, Nunlee-Bland G, Korba B, Johnson J, Cotin S, Moses G, Quartey R, Howell CD, Noreen Z, Arif M, Ghosh S. Insights on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes as revealed by signature genomic classifiers in an African American population in the Washington, DC area. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3589. [PMID: 36331813 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS African Americans (AA) in the United States have a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and suffer from disparities in the prevalence, mortality, and comorbidities of the disease compared to other Americans. The present study aimed to shed light on the molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis of T2DM among AA in the Washington, DC region. METHODS We performed TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDA) on 24 genes of interest that belong to three categories: metabolic disease and disorders, cancer-related genes, and neurobehavioural disorders genes. The 18 genes, viz. ARNT, CYP2D6, IL6, INSR, RRAD, SLC2A2 (metabolic disease and disorders), APC, BCL2, CSNK1D, MYC, SOD2, TP53 (Cancer-related), APBA1, APBB2, APOC1, APOE, GSK3B, and NAE1 (neurobehavioural disorders), were differentially expressed in T2DM participants compared to controls. RESULTS Our results suggest that factors including gender, smoking habits, and the severity or lack of control of T2DM (as indicated by HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with differential gene expression. APBA1 was significantly (p-value <0.05) downregulated in all diabetes participants. Upregulation of APOE and CYP2D6 genes and downregulation of the INSR gene were observed in the majority of diabetes patients. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoking and gender were significantly associated with case-control differences in expression of the APBA1 and APOE genes (connected with Alzheimer's disease) and the INSR and CYP2D6 (associated with metabolic disorders). The results highlight the need for more effective management of T2DM and for tobacco smoking cessation interventions in this community, and further research on the associations of T2DM with other disease processes, including cancer and neurobehavioral pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Jyothirmai Simhadri
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brent Korba
- Depaertment of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Sharleine Cotin
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gemeyel Moses
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ruth Quartey
- Viral Hepatitis Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Charles D Howell
- Viral Hepatitis Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zarish Noreen
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
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Verghese M, Wilkinson E, He Y. Role of RNA modifications in carcinogenesis and carcinogen damage response. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:24-37. [PMID: 35560957 PMCID: PMC9653521 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of epitranscriptomics encompasses the study of post-transcriptional RNA modifications and their regulatory enzymes. Among the numerous RNA modifications, N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) has been identified as the most common internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA). Although m6 A modifications were first discovered in the 1970s, advances in technology have revived interest in this field, driving an abundance of research into the role of RNA modifications in various biological processes, including cancer. As analogs to epigenetic modifications, RNA modifications also play an important role in carcinogenesis by regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. A growing body of evidence suggests that carcinogens can modulate RNA modifications to alter the expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressors during cellular transformation. Additionally, the expression and activity of the enzymes that regulate RNA modifications can be dysregulated and contribute to carcinogenesis, making these enzymes promising targets of drug discovery. Here we summarize the roles of RNA modifications during carcinogenesis induced by exposure to various environmental carcinogens, with a main focus on the roles of the most widely studied m6 A mRNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Verghese
- Department of Medicine, Section of DermatologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Pritzker School of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Emma Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, Section of DermatologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Committee on Cancer BiologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Yu‐Ying He
- Department of Medicine, Section of DermatologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Committee on Cancer BiologyUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Mondal T, Loffredo CA, Trnovec T, Palkovicova Murinova L, Noreen Z, Nnanabu T, Conka K, Drobna B, Ghosh S. Gene expression signatures in PCB-exposed Slovak children in relation to their environmental exposures and socio-physical characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:60531-60541. [PMID: 35420343 PMCID: PMC9427901 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous gene expression studies in a PCB-exposed cohort of young children in Slovakia revealed that early-life exposures to PCBs and other organochlorine compounds were associated with significant alterations across several pathogenetic pathways. The present study was undertaken to further explore the high-throughput qRT-PCR-based gene expression effects by using TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) for selected genes in a sample of 55 children from the cohort. We analyzed the transcriptional changes of 11 genes in relation to PCB and organochlorine pesticide exposure levels (including DDT, DDE, HCH, and HCB), and to BMI and ethnicity in this cohort. The results indicated an overall downregulation of expression of these genes. Maximum downregulation (in fold change) was observed in the ENTPD3 gene, and the minimum level of downregulation was in CYP2D6. As per our multinomial regression model study, downregulation of LEPR gene was significantly directly correlated with all the exposure variables. Downregulation of APC, ARNT, CYP2D6, LEPR, LRP12, and MYC genes was directly correlated with BMI (kg/m2) of the individuals. Gender-specific differences in gene expression were observed in CYP2D6 (p-value 0.0001) and LEPR (p-value 0.028), while downregulation of CYP2D6 (p-value 0.01), LEPR (p-value 0.02), LRP12 (p-value 0.04), and MYC (p-value 0.02) genes was consistently observed in Roma children compared to Caucasians. The investigation of such health disparities must be emphasized in future research, together with interventions to reduce the health consequences of PCB exposures. In this context, we emphasize the importance of biomarker-based approaches to future research on genetic susceptibility to the effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | | | - Tomas Trnovec
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lubica Palkovicova Murinova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zarish Noreen
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Thomas Nnanabu
- Departments of Biology, Howard University, 415 College Street, NW, Room 408, EE Just Hall, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Kamil Conka
- Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Beata Drobna
- Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Departments of Biology, Howard University, 415 College Street, NW, Room 408, EE Just Hall, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
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Marí-Bauset S, Peraita-Costa I, Donat-Vargas C, Llopis-González A, Marí-Sanchis A, Llopis-Morales J, Morales Suárez-Varela M. Systematic review of prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and autism spectrum disorder in offspring. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 26:6-32. [PMID: 34412519 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211039950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorders comprise a complex group with many subtypes of behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental abnormalities in two core areas: deficits in social communication and fixated, restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviors and interests each with potential unique risk factors and characteristics. The underlying mechanisms and the possible causes of autism spectrum disorder remain elusive and while increased prevalence is undoubtable, it is unclear if it is a reflection of diagnostic improvement or emerging risk factors such as endocrine disrupting chemicals. Epidemiological studies, which are used to study the relation between endocrine disrupting chemicals and autism spectrum disorder, can have inherent methodological challenges that limit the quality and strength of their findings. The objective of this work is to systematically review the treatment of these challenges and assess the quality and strength of the findings in the currently available literature. The overall quality and strength were "moderate" and "limited," respectively. Risk of bias due to the exclusion of potential confounding factors and the lack of accuracy of exposure assessment methods were the most prevalent. The omnipresence of endocrine disrupting chemicals and the biological plausibility of the association between prenatal exposure and later development of autism spectrum disorder highlight the need to carry out well-designed epidemiological studies that overcome the methodological challenges observed in the currently available literature in order to be able to inform public policy to prevent exposure to these potentially harmful chemicals and aid in the establishment of predictor variables to facilitate early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and improve long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Marí-Bauset
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Llopis-González
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Juan Llopis-Morales
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - María Morales Suárez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
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Liu L, Zhang H, Chen C, Li Z, Xu Y. Pilot study on long-term simulation of PCB-153 human body burden in the Tibetan Plateau. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130184. [PMID: 33725619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The historical body burden of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153) in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) population was simulated on the basis of localized exposure factors and dietary data, which present a preliminary attempt to quantify the influence of high lipid dietary patterns, grain transported from inland China, and atmospheric transport on human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Herdsman with large animal-based food consumption exhibited the highest body burden that was comparable with that in inland China. The body burden of other residents was within the range of low-to-moderate level. High-lipid diet of urban residents caused their body burden being 1.5--2.5 times higher than that of rural residents. The consumption of grain transported from higher polluted areas can also result in 50%-115% increase in the body burden of Tibetan rural residents compared with when local produced grain is consumed, suggesting that the influence of grain logistic can be as important as dietary patterns. The exposure risk for rural residents associated with grain logistic should not be ignored even if they consumed less high-lipid food. By splitting the inventory, over 80% of the PCB-153 pollution in the TAR was identified to be induced by atmospheric transport from foreign countries. However, the grain logistic contributed approximately half of the overall human body burden of Tibetan residents recently if assuming that the grain shortage was supplied by adjacent Sichuan Province. The combined influence of high-lipid diet, atmospheric transport and food logistic highlights the difficulties of risk control in remote regions that accumulate POPs, such as TAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- The Johns Hopkins University-Nanjing University Center for Chinese and American Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Can Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Ziguang Li
- Haikou Forest Farm, Kunming Forestry Bureau, Kunming, 650114, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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Simhadri JJ, Loffredo CA, Trnovec T, Murinova LP, Nunlee-Bland G, Koppe JG, Schoeters G, Jana SS, Ghosh S. Biomarkers of metabolic disorders and neurobehavioral diseases in a PCB- exposed population: What we learned and the implications for future research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110211. [PMID: 32937175 PMCID: PMC7658018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the original twelve classes of toxic chemicals covered by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP), an international environmental treaty signed in 2001. PCBs are present in the environment as mixtures of multiple isomers at different degree of chlorination. These compounds are manmade and possess useful industrial properties including extreme longevity under harsh conditions, heat absorbance, and the ability to form an oily liquid at room temperature that is useful for electrical utilities and in other industrial applications. They have been widely used for a wide range of industrial purposes over the decades. Despite a ban in production in 1979 in the US and many other countries, they remain persistent and ubiquitous in environment as contaminants due to their improper disposal. Humans, independent of where they live, are therefore exposed to PCBs, which are routinely found in random surveys of human and animal tissues. The prolonged exposures to PCBs have been associated with the development of different diseases and disorders, and they are classified as endocrine disruptors. Due to its ability to interact with thyroid hormone, metabolism and function, they are thought to be implicated in the global rise of obesity diabetes, and their potential toxicity for neurodevelopment and disorders, an example of gene by environmental interaction (GxE). The current review is primarily intended to summarize the evidence for the association of PCB exposures with increased risks for metabolic dysfunctions and neurobehavioral disorders. In particular, we present evidence of gene expression alterations in PCB-exposed populations to construct the underlying pathways that may lead to those diseases and disorders in course of life. We conclude the review with future perspectives on biomarker-based research to identify susceptible individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothirmai J Simhadri
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Departments of Oncology and of Biostatistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tomas Trnovec
- Department of Pediatrics, EKZ-AMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Janna G Koppe
- Department of Pediatrics, EKZ-AMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium & Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA; Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
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7
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Bianchi S, Bernardi S, Belli M, Varvara G, Macchiarelli G. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants during tooth formation: molecular mechanisms and clinical findings. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 35:303-310. [PMID: 32304316 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2019-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) constitute a relevant part of environmental pollution. POPs are chemical compounds that persist for a long time in the environment, bio-accumulate in the human body and determine significant adverse consequences to human health. The characteristics of these substances are lipo-affinity, semi-volatility and resistance to the degradation processes. Results deriving from several different studies attest that exposure to the main classes of POPs results in multiple toxic effects on humans and experimental animal models. Among the various alterations caused by exposition to and bio-accumulation of POPs, there are abnormalities in tooth formation and related hard dental tissue structure, especially enamel. This review aimed to describe the close association between the exposure of these compounds during the development of the tooth germ and the occurrence of tooth structural anomalies. Indeed, structural defects of the enamel have as possible consequences higher susceptibility of the tooth to caries disease and higher fragility of the crown to the occlusal trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Bianchi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sara Bernardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Microscopy Centre, Universiyt of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Manuel Belli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Varvara
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Transcriptional Profiling and Biological Pathway(s) Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Pakistani Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165866. [PMID: 32823525 PMCID: PMC7460550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important global health concern. Our earlier epidemiological investigation in Pakistan prompted us to conduct a molecular investigation to decipher the differential genetic pathways of this health condition in relation to non-diabetic controls. Our microarray studies of global gene expression were conducted on the Affymetrix platform using Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array along with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to associate the affected genes with their canonical pathways. High-throughput qRT-PCR TaqMan Low Density Array (TLDA) was performed to validate the selected differentially expressed genes of our interest, viz., ARNT, LEPR, MYC, RRAD, CYP2D6, TP53, APOC1, APOC2, CYP1B1, SLC2A13, and SLC33A1 using a small population validation sample (n = 15 cases and their corresponding matched controls). Overall, our small pilot study revealed a discrete gene expression profile in cases compared to controls. The disease pathways included: Insulin Receptor Signaling, Type II Diabetes Mellitus Signaling, Apoptosis Signaling, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling, p53 Signaling, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Signaling, Parkinson's Signaling, Molecular Mechanism of Cancer, and Cell Cycle G1/S Checkpoint Regulation, GABA Receptor Signaling, Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway, Dopamine Receptor Signaling, Sirtuin Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Phosphorylation, LXR/RXR Activation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction, strongly consistent with the evidence from epidemiological studies. These gene fingerprints could lead to the development of biomarkers for the identification of subgroups at high risk for future disease well ahead of time, before the actual disease becomes visible.
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Chen N, Shan Q, Qi Y, Liu W, Tan X, Gu J. Transcriptome analysis in normal human liver cells exposed to 2, 3, 3', 4, 4', 5 - Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124747. [PMID: 31514003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Polychlorinated biphenyls are persistent environmental pollutants associated with the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans, but there is limited information on the underlying mechanism. In the present study, we investigated the alterations in gene expression profiles in normal human liver cells L-02 following exposure to 2, 3, 3', 4, 4', 5 - hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156), a potent compound that may induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS The L-02 cells were exposed to PCB 156 for 72 h and the contents of intracellular triacylglyceride and total cholesterol were subsequently measured. Microarray analysis of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the cells was also performed after 3.4 μM PCB 156 treatment. RESULTS Exposure to PCB 156 (3.4 μM, 72 h) resulted in significant increases of triacylglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations in L-02 cells. Microarray analysis identified 222 differentially expressed mRNAs and 628 differentially expressed lncRNAs. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses associated the differentially expressed mRNAs with metabolic and inflammatory processes. Moreover, lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network revealed 36 network pairs comprising 10 differentially expressed mRNAs and 34 dysregulated lncRNAs. The results of bioinformatics analysis further indicated that dysregulated lncRNA NONHSAT174696, lncRNA NONHSAT179219, and lncRNA NONHSAT161887, as the regulators of EDAR, CYP1B1, and ALDH3A1 respectively, played an important role in the PCB 156-induced lipid metabolism disorder. CONCLUSION Our findings provide an overview of differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in L-02 cells exposed to PCB 156, and contribute to the field of polychlorinated biphenyl-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jinsong Gu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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Halder D, Saha S, Singh RK, Ghosh I, Mallick D, Dey SK, Ghosh A, Das BB, Ghosh S, Jana SS. Nonmuscle myosin IIA and IIB differentially modulate migration and alter gene expression in primary mouse tumorigenic cells. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1463-1476. [PMID: 30995168 PMCID: PMC6724700 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-12-0790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Though many cancers are known to show up-regulation of nonmuscle myosin (NM) IIA and IIB, the mechanism by which NMIIs aid in cancer development remains unexplored. Here we demonstrate that tumor-generating, fibroblast-like cells isolated from 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC)-induced murine tumor exhibit distinct phospho-dependent localization of NMIIA and NMIIB at the perinuclear area and tip of the filopodia and affect cell migration differentially. While NMIIA-KD affects protrusion dynamics and increases cell directionality, NMIIB-KD lowers migration speed and increases filopodial branching. Strategically located NMIIs at the perinuclear area colocalize with the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) protein Nesprin2 and maintain the integrity of the nuclear-actin cap. Interestingly, knockdown of NMIIs results in altered expression of genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and cellular senescence. NMIIB-KD cells display down-regulation of Gsc and Serpinb2, which is strikingly similar to Nesprin2-KD cells as assessed by quantitative PCR analysis. Further gene network analysis predicts that NMIIA and NMIIB may act on similar pathways but through different regulators. Concomitantly, knockdown of NMIIA or NMIIB lowers the growth rate and tumor volume of 3MC-induced tumor in vivo. Altogether, these results open a new window to further investigate the effect of LINC-associated perinuclear actomyosin complex on mechanoresponsive gene expression in the growing tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdatta Halder
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Shekhar Saha
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Raman K. Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610010, Israel
| | - Indranil Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ditipriya Mallick
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sumit K. Dey
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Benu Brata Das
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | - Siddhartha S. Jana
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Marí-Bauset S, Donat-Vargas C, Llópis-González A, Marí-Sanchis A, Peraita-Costa I, Llopis-Morales J, Morales-Suárez-Varela M. Endocrine Disruptors and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Pregnancy: A Review and Evaluation of the Quality of the Epidemiological Evidence. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E157. [PMID: 30477137 PMCID: PMC6306747 DOI: 10.3390/children5120157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental contaminants during pregnancy has been linked to adverse health outcomes later in life. Notable among these pollutants are the endocrine disruptors chemicals (EDCs), which are ubiquitously present in the environment and they have been measured and quantified in the fetus. In this systematic review, our objective was to summarize the epidemiological research on the potential association between prenatal exposure to EDCs and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) published from 2005 to 2016. The Navigation Guide Systematic Review Methodology was applied. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, including: five cohorts and 12 case-control. According to the definitions specified in the Navigation Guide, we rated the quality of evidence for a relationship between prenatal exposure to EDCs and ASD as "moderate". Although the studies generally showed a positive association between EDCs and ASD, after considering the strengths and limitations, we concluded that the overall strength of evidence supporting an association between prenatal exposure to EDCs and later ASD in humans remains "limited" and inconclusive. Further well-conducted prospective studies are warranted to clarify the role of EDCs on ASD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Marí-Bauset
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
| | - Agustín Llópis-González
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Amelia Marí-Sanchis
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Navarra Hospital Complex, Calle de Irunlarrea, 3, Pamplona, 31008 Navarre, Spain.
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Llopis-Morales
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Ghosh S, Loffredo CA, Mitra PS, Trnovec T, Palkovicova Murinova L, Sovcikova E, Hoffman EP, Makambi KH, Dutta SK. PCB exposure and potential future cancer incidence in Slovak children: an assessment from molecular finger printing by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) derived from experimental and epidemiological investigations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16493-16507. [PMID: 29143255 PMCID: PMC5953777 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The risk of cancer due to PCB exposure in humans is highly debated. In eastern Slovakia, high exposure of the population to organochlorines (especially PCBs) was associated with various disease and disorder pathways, viz., endocrine disruption, metabolic disorder & diabetes, and cancer, thereby disturbing several cellular processes, including protein synthesis, stress response, and apoptosis. We have evaluated a Slovak cohort (45-month children, at lower and higher levels of PCB exposure from the environment) for disease and disorder development to develop early disease cancer biomarkers that could shed new light on possible mechanisms for the genesis of cancers under such chemical exposures, and identify potential avenues for prevention.Microarray studies of global gene expression were conducted from the 45-month-old children on the Affymetrix platform followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) to associate the affected genes with their mechanistic pathways. High-throughput qRT-PCR TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) was performed to further validate the selected genes on the whole blood cells of the most highly exposed children from the study cohort (n = 71). TP53, MYC, BCL2, and LRP12 differential gene expressions suggested strong relationships between potential future tumor promotion and PCB exposure in Slovak children. The IPA analysis further detected the most important signaling pathways, including molecular mechanism of cancers, prostate cancer signaling, ovarian cancer signaling, P53 signaling, oncostatin M signaling, and their respective functions (viz., prostate cancer, breast cancer, progression of tumor, growth of tumor, and non-Hodgkin's disease). The results suggest that PCB exposures, even at the early age of these children, may have lifelong consequences for the future development of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somiranjan Ghosh
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College Street, NW, Room 408, EE Just Hall, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Departments of Oncology and of Biostatistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Partha S Mitra
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College Street, NW, Room 408, EE Just Hall, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Tomas Trnovec
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lubica Palkovicova Murinova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eva Sovcikova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eric P Hoffman
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Kepher H Makambi
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Sisir K Dutta
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College Street, NW, Room 408, EE Just Hall, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
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13
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Moosa A, Shu H, Sarachana T, Hu VW. Are endocrine disrupting compounds environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorder? Horm Behav 2018; 101:13-21. [PMID: 29042182 PMCID: PMC5913002 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent research on the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shifted in part from a singular focus on genetic causes to the involvement of environmental factors and their gene interactions. This shift in focus is a result of the rapidly increasing prevalence of ASD coupled with the incomplete penetrance of this disorder in monozygotic twins. One such area of environmentally focused research is the association of exposures to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) with elevated risk for ASD. EDCs are exogenous chemicals that can alter endogenous hormone activity and homeostasis, thus potentially disrupting the action of sex and other natural hormones at all stages of human development. Inasmuch as sex hormones play a fundamental role in brain development and sexual differentiation, exposure to EDCs in utero during critical stages of development can have lasting neurological and other physiological influences on the developing fetus and, ultimately, the child as well as adult. This review will focus on the possible contributions of EDCs to autism risk and pathogenesis by first discussing the influence of endogenous sex hormones on the autistic phenotype, followed by a review of documented human exposures to EDCs and associations with behaviors relevant to ASD. Mechanistic links between EDC exposures and aberrant neurodevelopment and behaviors are then considered, with emphasis on EDC-induced transcriptional profiles derived from animal and cellular studies. Finally, this review will discuss possible mechanisms through which EDC exposure can lead to persistent changes in gene expression and phenotype, which may in turn contribute to transgenerational inheritance of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Moosa
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037, United States.
| | - Henry Shu
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037, United States.
| | - Tewarit Sarachana
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical Technology Branch, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 154 Rama I Rd., Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Valerie W Hu
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037, United States.
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14
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Sseruwagi P, Wainaina J, Ndunguru J, Tumuhimbise R, Tairo F, Guo JY, Vrielink A, Blythe A, Kinene T, De Marchi B, Kehoe MA, Tanz S, Boykin LM. The first transcriptomes from field-collected individual whiteflies ( Bemisia tabaci, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): a case study of the endosymbiont composition. Gates Open Res 2018. [PMID: 29608200 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.12783.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bemisia tabaci species ( B. tabaci), or whiteflies, are the world's most devastating insect pests. They cause billions of dollars (US) of damage each year, and are leaving farmers in the developing world food insecure. Currently, all publically available transcriptome data for B. tabaci are generated from pooled samples, which can lead to high heterozygosity and skewed representation of the genetic diversity. The ability to extract enough RNA from a single whitefly has remained elusive due to their small size and technological limitations. Methods: In this study, we optimised a single whitefly RNA extraction procedure, and sequenced the transcriptome of four individual adult Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) B. tabaci. Transcriptome sequencing resulted in 39-42 million raw reads. De novo assembly of trimmed reads yielded between 65,000-162,000 Contigs across B. tabaci transcriptomes. Results: Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrion cytochrome I oxidase (mtCOI) grouped the four whiteflies within the SSA1 clade. BLASTn searches on the four transcriptomes identified five endosymbionts; the primary endosymbiont Portiera aleyrodidarum and four secondary endosymbionts: Arsenophonus, Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and Cardinium spp. that were predominant across all four SSA1 B. tabaci samples with prevalence levels of between 54.1 to 75%. Amino acid alignments of the NusG gene of P. aleyrodidarum for the SSA1 B. tabaci transcriptomes of samples WF2 and WF2b revealed an eleven amino acid residue deletion that was absent in samples WF1 and WF2a. Comparison of the protein structure of the NusG protein from P. aleyrodidarum in SSA1 with known NusG structures showed the deletion resulted in a shorter D loop. Conclusions: The use of field-collected specimens means time and money will be saved in future studies using single whitefly transcriptomes in monitoring vector and viral interactions. Our method is applicable to any small organism where RNA quantity has limited transcriptome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sseruwagi
- Mikocheni Agriculture Research Institute (MARI), Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 6226, Tanzania
| | - James Wainaina
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Joseph Ndunguru
- Mikocheni Agriculture Research Institute (MARI), Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 6226, Tanzania
| | - Robooni Tumuhimbise
- National Agricultural Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 7065, Kampala Kawanda - Senge Rd, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Tairo
- Mikocheni Agriculture Research Institute (MARI), Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 6226, Tanzania
| | - Jian-Yang Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,State Key Laboratory for the Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Alice Vrielink
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Amanda Blythe
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Tonny Kinene
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Bruno De Marchi
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Monica A Kehoe
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, DPIRD Diagnostic Laboratory Services, South Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sandra Tanz
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Laura M Boykin
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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15
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Sseruwagi P, Wainaina J, Ndunguru J, Tumuhimbise R, Tairo F, Guo JY, Vrielink A, Blythe A, Kinene T, De Marchi B, Kehoe MA, Tanz S, Boykin LM. The first transcriptomes from field-collected individual whiteflies ( Bemisia tabaci, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): a case study of the endosymbiont composition. Gates Open Res 2018; 1:16. [PMID: 29608200 PMCID: PMC5872585 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.12783.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bemisia tabaci species (
B. tabaci), or whiteflies, are the world’s most devastating insect pests. They cause billions of dollars (US) of damage each year, and are leaving farmers in the developing world food insecure. Currently, all publically available transcriptome data for
B. tabaci are generated from pooled samples, which can lead to high heterozygosity and skewed representation of the genetic diversity. The ability to extract enough RNA from a single whitefly has remained elusive due to their small size and technological limitations. Methods: In this study, we optimised a single whitefly RNA extraction procedure, and sequenced the transcriptome of four individual adult Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1)
B. tabaci. Transcriptome sequencing resulted in 39-42 million raw reads.
De novo assembly of trimmed reads yielded between 65,000-162,000 Contigs across
B. tabaci transcriptomes. Results: Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrion cytochrome I oxidase (mtCOI) grouped the four whiteflies within the SSA1 clade. BLASTn searches on the four transcriptomes identified five endosymbionts; the primary endosymbiont
Portiera aleyrodidarum and four secondary endosymbionts:
Arsenophonus, Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and
Cardinium spp. that were predominant across all four SSA1 B.
tabaci samples with prevalence levels of between 54.1 to 75%. Amino acid alignments of the
NusG gene of
P. aleyrodidarum for the SSA1
B. tabaci transcriptomes of samples WF2 and WF2b revealed an eleven amino acid residue deletion that was absent in samples WF1 and WF2a. Comparison of the protein structure of the
NusG protein from
P. aleyrodidarum in SSA1 with known
NusG structures showed the deletion resulted in a shorter D loop. Conclusions: The use of field-collected specimens means time and money will be saved in future studies using single whitefly transcriptomes in monitoring vector and viral interactions. Our method is applicable to any small organism where RNA quantity has limited transcriptome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sseruwagi
- Mikocheni Agriculture Research Institute (MARI), Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 6226, Tanzania
| | - James Wainaina
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Joseph Ndunguru
- Mikocheni Agriculture Research Institute (MARI), Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 6226, Tanzania
| | - Robooni Tumuhimbise
- National Agricultural Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 7065, Kampala Kawanda - Senge Rd, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Tairo
- Mikocheni Agriculture Research Institute (MARI), Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 6226, Tanzania
| | - Jian-Yang Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,State Key Laboratory for the Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Alice Vrielink
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Amanda Blythe
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Tonny Kinene
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Bruno De Marchi
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Monica A Kehoe
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, DPIRD Diagnostic Laboratory Services, South Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sandra Tanz
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Laura M Boykin
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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16
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Sseruwagi P, Wainaina J, Ndunguru J, Tumuhimbise R, Tairo F, Guo JY, Vrielink A, Blythe A, Kinene T, De Marchi B, Kehoe MA, Tanz S, Boykin LM. The first transcriptomes from field-collected individual whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Gates Open Res 2018; 1:16. [DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.12783.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bemisia tabaci species (B. tabaci), or whiteflies, are the world’s most devastating insect pests. They cause billions of dollars (US) of damage each year, and are leaving farmers in the developing world food insecure. Currently, all publically available transcriptome data for B. tabaci are generated from pooled samples, which can lead to high heterozygosity and skewed representation of the genetic diversity. The ability to extract enough RNA from a single whitefly has remained elusive due to their small size and technological limitations. Methods: In this study, we optimised a single whitefly RNA extraction procedure, and sequenced the transcriptome of four individual adult Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) B. tabaci. Transcriptome sequencing resulted in 39-42 million raw reads. De novo assembly of trimmed reads yielded between 65,000-162,000 Contigs across B. tabaci transcriptomes. Results: Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrion cytochrome I oxidase (mtCOI) grouped the four whiteflies within the SSA1 clade. BLASTn searches on the four transcriptomes identified five endosymbionts; the primary endosymbiont Portiera aleyrodidarum and four secondary endosymbionts: Arsenophonus, Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and Cardinium spp. that were predominant across all four SSA1 B. tabaci samples with prevalence levels of between 54.1 to 75%. Amino acid alignments of the NusG gene of P. aleyrodidarum for the SSA1 B. tabaci transcriptomes of samples WF2 and WF2b revealed an eleven amino acid residue deletion that was absent in samples WF1 and WF2a. Comparison of the protein structure of the NusG protein from P. aleyrodidarum in SSA1 with known NusG structures showed the deletion resulted in a shorter D loop. Conclusions: The use of field-collected specimens means time and money will be saved in future studies using single whitefly transcriptomes in monitoring vector and viral interactions. Our method is applicable to any small organism where RNA quantity has limited transcriptome studies.
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17
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One TEF concept does not fit all: The case for human risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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He F, Zuo L, Ward E, Arciero PJ. Serum Polychlorinated Biphenyls Increase and Oxidative Stress Decreases with a Protein-Pacing Caloric Restriction Diet in Obese Men and Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14010059. [PMID: 28075418 PMCID: PMC5295310 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The purposes were to compare the effects of a: (1) 12-week P-CR weight loss (WL) diet (Phase 1) between obese men and women and; (2) 52-week modified P-CR (mP-CR) vs. heart healthy (HH) weight maintenance (WM) diet (Phase 2) on serum PCBs and oxidative stress biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS; total antioxidant capacity, TAC) in 40 obese participants (men, n = 21; women, n = 19). Participants received dietary counseling and monitoring of compliance. PCBs, TBARS, and TAC were assessed at weeks -1 (CON), 12 (WL), and 64 (WM). Following WL (Week 12), concomitant with reductions in TBARS (0.24 ± 0.15 vs. 0.18 ± 0.11 µM; p < 0.01), PCB serum concentrations (86.7 ± 45.6 vs. 115.6 ± 65.9 ng/g lipid; p < 0.01) and TAC (18.9 ± 2.6 vs. 19.9 ± 2.3 nmol/mL; p < 0.02) were increased similarly in men and women. At the end of WM (Week 64), a significant effect of time × group interaction was observed for % change in PCB 170 and 187; whereby mP-CR values were higher compared to HH (PCB170: 19.31% ± 26.48% vs. -6.61% ± 28.88%, p = 0.02; PCB187: -3.04% ± 17.78% vs. -21.4% ± 27.31%, p = 0.04). PCB changes were positively correlated with TBARS levels (r > 0.42, p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with body weight, fat mass, and abdominal fat (r < -0.46, p < 0.02). Our results support mobilization of stored PCBs as well as enhanced redox status following a 12-week P-CR WL diet. Additionally, a 52-week mP-CR WM diet demonstrated an advantage in preventing weight gain relapse accompanied by an increase in circulating PCBs compared to a traditional HH diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Health and Exercise Sciences Department, Skidmore College, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University-Chico, Chico, CA 95929, USA.
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Emery Ward
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Health and Exercise Sciences Department, Skidmore College, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
| | - Paul J Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Health and Exercise Sciences Department, Skidmore College, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
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