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Song J, Wang X, Huang Q, Wei C, Yang D, Wang C, Fan K, Cheng S, Guo X, Wang J. Predictors of urinary heavy metal concentrations among pregnant women in Jinan, China. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127444. [PMID: 38581744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxic heavy metal exposure and insufficiency or excess of essential heavy metals may have negative effects on pregnant women's health and fetal growth. To date, the predictors of pregnant women's heavy metal exposure levels remain unclear and vary with different regions. The study intended to explore potential predictors of exposure to heavy metals individually and high co-exposure to heavy metal mixtures. METHODS We recruited 298 pregnant women in first trimester from prenatal clinics in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, and collected spot urine samples and questionnaire data on their demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, consumption of food and dietary supplement, and residential environment. All urine samples were analyzed for seven heavy metals: cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), strontium (Sr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg). RESULTS Factors associated with single heavy metal concentration were as follows: a) urinary As, Sr and Cd increased with women's age respectively; b) pregnant women with higher monthly household income per capita had lower Sr and Mo levels; c) pregnant women with intermittent folic acid supplementation and those not taking tap water as domestic drinking water had lower Sr concentrations; d) Cd was positively linked with consumption frequency of rice; e) Hg was adversely related to consumption frequency of egg and the women who took purified water as domestic drinking water had lower Hg exposure. In addition, pregnant women's age was positively associated with odds of high co-exposure to Co, As, Sr, Mo, Cd and Pb; while those with an educational level of college had lower odds of high exposure to such a metal mixture compared with those whose educational levels were lower than high school. CONCLUSION Predictors of single urinary heavy metal concentration included pregnant women's age (As, Sr and Cd), monthly household income per capita (Sr and Mo), folic acid supplementation (Sr), rice consumption frequency (Cd), egg consumption frequency (Hg) and the type of domestic drinking water (Sr and Hg). Pregnant women with older age, lower educational level tended to have high co-exposure to Co, As, Sr, Mo, Cd and Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Song
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Qichen Huang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuanling Wei
- Department of Gynecology, Jinan Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, China
| | - Dongxia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Cuilan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Kefeng Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Shuang Cheng
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ju Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Sanyal T, Das A, Bhattacharjee S, Gump BB, Bendinskas K, Bhattacharjee P. Targeting the 'DNA methylation mark': Analysis of early epigenetic-alterations in children chronically exposed to arsenic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169049. [PMID: 38052388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to arsenic causes adverse health effects in children. Aberrant epigenetic modifications including altered DNA methylation pattern are one of the major steps towards malignant transformation of cells. Our group has previously identified significant alteration in DNA methylation mark in arsenic exposed adults, affecting major biological pathways. Till date, no information is available exploring the altered DNA methylation mark in telomere regulation and altered mitochondrial functionality in association with DNA damage in arsenic-exposed children. Our study aims in identifying signature epigenetic pattern associated with telomere lengthening, mitochondrial functionality and DNA damage repair in children with special emphasis on DNA methylation. Biological samples (blood and urine) and drinking water were collected from the children aged between 5 and 16 years of arsenic exposed areas (N = 52) of Murshidabad district and unexposed areas (N = 50) of East Midnapur districts, West Bengal, India. Methylation-specific PCR was performed to analyse subtelomeric methylation status and promoter methylation status of target genes. Results revealed altered DNA methylation profile in the exposed children compared to unexposed. Promoter hypermethylation was observed in MLH1 and MSH2 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001) indicating inefficiency in DNA damage repair. Hypomethylation in mitochondrial D-loop (p < 0.05) and TFAM promoter region (p < 0.05) along with increased mitochondrial DNA copy number among exposed children was also observed. Significant increase in telomere length and region specific subtelomeric hypermethylation (XpYp, p < 0.05) was found. Analysis of S-Adenosyl Methionine (SAM) and 8-oxoDG level revealed significant depletion of SAM (p < 0.001) and elevated oxidative DNA damage (p < 0.001) respectively in arsenic toxicity. Our study identified key methylation patterns in arsenic-exposed children which may act as an early predictive biomarker in the near future. Further in-depth studies involving large sample size and transcriptomic analysis are required for understanding the mechanistic details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | | | - Brooks B Gump
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York College at Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126, USA
| | - Kestutis Bendinskas
- Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Department of Public Health, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom L(R, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Barregård L, Benford D, Broberg K, Dogliotti E, Fletcher T, Rylander L, Abrahantes JC, Gómez Ruiz JÁ, Steinkellner H, Tauriainen T, Schwerdtle T. Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8488. [PMID: 38239496 PMCID: PMC10794945 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2009 risk assessment on arsenic in food carrying out a hazard assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and using the revised exposure assessment issued by EFSA in 2021. Epidemiological studies show that the chronic intake of iAs via diet and/or drinking water is associated with increased risk of several adverse outcomes including cancers of the skin, bladder and lung. The CONTAM Panel used the benchmark dose lower confidence limit based on a benchmark response (BMR) of 5% (relative increase of the background incidence after adjustment for confounders, BMDL05) of 0.06 μg iAs/kg bw per day obtained from a study on skin cancer as a Reference Point (RP). Inorganic As is a genotoxic carcinogen with additional epigenetic effects and the CONTAM Panel applied a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the risk characterisation. In adults, the MOEs are low (range between 2 and 0.4 for mean consumers and between 0.9 and 0.2 at the 95th percentile exposure, respectively) and as such raise a health concern despite the uncertainties.
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Wysocki R, Rodrigues JI, Litwin I, Tamás MJ. Mechanisms of genotoxicity and proteotoxicity induced by the metalloids arsenic and antimony. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:342. [PMID: 37904059 PMCID: PMC10616229 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic and antimony are metalloids with profound effects on biological systems and human health. Both elements are toxic to cells and organisms, and exposure is associated with several pathological conditions including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. At the same time, arsenic- and antimony-containing compounds are used in the treatment of multiple diseases. Although these metalloids can both cause and cure disease, their modes of molecular action are incompletely understood. The past decades have seen major advances in our understanding of arsenic and antimony toxicity, emphasizing genotoxicity and proteotoxicity as key contributors to pathogenesis. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which arsenic and antimony cause toxicity, focusing on their genotoxic and proteotoxic effects. The mechanisms used by cells to maintain proteostasis during metalloid exposure are also described. Furthermore, we address how metalloid-induced proteotoxicity may promote neurodegenerative disease and how genotoxicity and proteotoxicity may be interrelated and together contribute to proteinopathies. A deeper understanding of cellular toxicity and response mechanisms and their links to pathogenesis may promote the development of strategies for both disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wysocki
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 50-328, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Joana I Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ireneusz Litwin
- Academic Excellence Hub - Research Centre for DNA Repair and Replication, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 50-328, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Markus J Tamás
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Ma L, Lv J, Zhang A. Depletion of S-adenosylmethionine induced by arsenic exposure is involved in liver injury of rat through perturbing histone H3K36 trimethylation dependent bile acid metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122228. [PMID: 37481032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to arsenic, a common environmental pollutant, can induce various types of liver injury, but the mechanism and treatment measures remain unclear. This study constructed a rat model of arsenic-induced liver injury, with methyl group donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) supplementation and Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice intervention, to explore the epigenetic mechanism and intervention method of arsenic-induced liver injury from the perspective of hepatic bile acid metabolism. The results showed that arsenic exposure induced the accumulation of total bile acids (TBA) in the liver and serum of rats, and the abnormalities in liver function and liver histopathology. Arsenic reduced histone H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) in the liver via consuming methyl group donor SAM. The reduction of H3K36me3 was involved in arsenic-induced bile acid accumulation by inhibiting the transcription of negative feedback regulators Fxr and Fgfr4 for hepatic bile acid synthesis. SAM supplementation reversed arsenic-induced bile acid accumulation and liver injury by reactivating H3k36me3-dependent transcription of Fxr and Fgfr4. Moreover, this study found that Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice could rescue arsenic-induced SAM consumption, recover H3K36me3-dependent negative feedback regulation of hepatic bile acid synthesis, and alleviate arsenic-induced bile acid accumulation and liver injury. In conclusion, arsenic exposure perturbed H3K36me3-dependent hepatic bile acid metabolism via depleting SAM, thereby inducing hepatic bile acid accumulation and liver injury, which was ameliorated by the supporting effect of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice on SAM. This study contributes to understanding the mechanism of arsenic-induced liver injury from the perspective of SAM-dependent epigenetics, providing new insight into its prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Jiaxin Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China.
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Banerjee S, Dhar S, Sudarshan M, Chakraborty A, Bhattacharjee S, Bhattacharjee P. Investigating the synergistic role of heavy metals in Arsenic-induced skin lesions in West Bengal, India. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 75:127103. [PMID: 36435151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic toxicity is one of the major health issues throughout the world. Approximately 108 countries that account for more than 230 million people worldwide are at high risk of arsenic poisoning mainly through drinking water and diet. Chronic exposure to arsenic causes several pathophysiological end-points including skin lesions, peripheral neuropathy, cancer, etc. In India, the population living in the lower Gangetic basin possesses a great risk of arsenicosis and other diseases. Scientists are trying to understand the gene-environmental interactions behind arsenic toxicity revealing the potential role of genetic variants of individuals. Few pieces of the literature showed that the population is not exposed to a mixture of metals. Hence, in this study, an attempt has been made to explore whether some other metals play a synergistic role in As-induced toxicity. METHODS For this, an assessment of the level of heavy metals using ED-XRF in soil, vegetables from As-exposed areas along with quantification of the heavy metal concentration in human blood and hair of the As-exposed population were conducted. RESULTS Results show the concentration of urinary arsenic is very high signifying the magnitude of the exposure. In addition to this, the levels of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) were found to be very high in soil and Fe, manganese (Mn), lead (Pb) in vegetables were exceeding the WHO/FAO recommended permissible limit. However, Fe and zinc (Zn) were predominantly high in whole blood and hair of the arsenic-exposed population when compared with the control population. CONCLUSION It can be confirmed that the population from Murshidabad is exposed to As and other heavy metals through drinking water as well as food. Particularly for this population, Fe, Zn and rubidium (Rb) may play a synergistic role in arsenic-induced toxicity. However, further studies on the large population-based investigation are required to establish the chemistry of the metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvam Banerjee
- Environmental epigenomics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India; UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Center, Sector-III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Shrinjana Dhar
- Environmental epigenomics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - M Sudarshan
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Center, Sector-III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindita Chakraborty
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Center, Sector-III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Environmental epigenomics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Speer RM, Zhou X, Volk LB, Liu KJ, Hudson LG. Arsenic and cancer: Evidence and mechanisms. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 96:151-202. [PMID: 36858772 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a potent carcinogen and poses a significant health concern worldwide. Exposure occurs through ingestion of drinking water and contaminated foods and through inhalation due to pollution. Epidemiological evidence shows arsenic induces cancers of the skin, lung, liver, and bladder among other tissues. While studies in animal and cell culture models support arsenic as a carcinogen, the mechanisms of arsenic carcinogenesis are not fully understood. Arsenic carcinogenesis is a complex process due its ability to be metabolized and because of the many cellular pathways it targets in the cell. Arsenic metabolism and the multiple forms of arsenic play distinct roles in its toxicity and contribute differently to carcinogenic endpoints, and thus must be considered. Arsenic generates reactive oxygen species increasing oxidative stress and damaging DNA and other macromolecules. Concurrently, arsenic inhibits DNA repair, modifies epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and targets protein function due its ability to replace zinc in select proteins. While these mechanisms contribute to arsenic carcinogenesis, there remain significant gaps in understanding the complex nature of arsenic cancers. In the future improving models available for arsenic cancer research and the use of arsenic induced human tumors will bridge some of these gaps in understanding arsenic driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Speer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Xixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Lindsay B Volk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, State University of New York Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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Islam R, Zhao L, Wang Y, Lu-Yao G, Liu LZ. Epigenetic Dysregulations in Arsenic-Induced Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184502. [PMID: 36139662 PMCID: PMC9496897 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a crucial environmental metalloid whose high toxicity levels negatively impact human health. It poses significant health concerns to millions of people in developed and developing countries such as the USA, Canada, Bangladesh, India, China, and Mexico by enhancing sensitivity to various types of diseases, including cancers. However, how arsenic causes changes in gene expression that results in heinous conditions remains elusive. One of the proposed essential mechanisms that still has seen limited research with regard to causing disease upon arsenic exposure is the dysregulation of epigenetic components. In this review, we have extensively summarized current discoveries in arsenic-induced epigenetic modifications in carcinogenesis and angiogenesis. Importantly, we highlight the possible mechanisms underlying epigenetic reprogramming through arsenic exposure that cause changes in cell signaling and dysfunctions of different epigenetic elements.
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Ban X, Mo S, Lu Z, Jia C, Shao H, Chang X, Mao X, Zhang Y, Pang J, Zhang Y, Yu S, Chen J. Expression and methylation status of MMR and MGMT in well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and potential clinical applications. Endocrine 2022; 77:538-545. [PMID: 35708896 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies claim that immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in defective mismatch repair (dMMR) cancers. This raises the question of whether similar therapies are effective in PanNETs (pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors); however, in general, assessment of MMR status in PanNETs has been inconsistent in previous studies. MGMT (O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) is potentially important for guiding temozolomide (TMZ) therapy in glioblastoma. The number of reports on MGMT expression and promoter methylation in PanNETs are limited. METHODS In this study we assessed the expression of MGMT and MMR proteins MSH2, MSH6, MLH1 and PMS2 in a series of PanNETs by IHC. The methylation status of MGMT and MMR genes in a subset of PanNETs was further assessed by MS-MLPA analysis. Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences were assessed using the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine the prognostic value of the variables. RESULTS According to evaluation criteria for mismatch repair defects, none of PanNETs shown nuclear staining loss for MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, and PMS2. MGMT low-intensity PanNETs were more commonly found in higher grade, higher Ki67 index and non-functional tumors (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, stage III-IV and low-intensity MGMT were shown to be independent risk factors for progression of PanNETs in the entire cohort, non-functioning subgroup and G2 subgroup (P < 0.05 for all). MGMT promoter methylation tended to be higher in the group with low expression of MGMT, However, methylation of MGMT did not statistically correlate with low expression of MGMT (P = 0.153). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study suggests that decreased expression of MGMT but not MMR is associated with a higher risk of progression of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Ban
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengwei Mo
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Congwei Jia
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huilin Shao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Mao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junyi Pang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangni Yu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Cheong A, Nagel ZD. Human Variation in DNA Repair, Immune Function, and Cancer Risk. Front Immunol 2022; 13:899574. [PMID: 35935942 PMCID: PMC9354717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.899574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage constantly threatens genome integrity, and DNA repair deficiency is associated with increased cancer risk. An intuitive and widely accepted explanation for this relationship is that unrepaired DNA damage leads to carcinogenesis due to the accumulation of mutations in somatic cells. But DNA repair also plays key roles in the function of immune cells, and immunodeficiency is an important risk factor for many cancers. Thus, it is possible that emerging links between inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity and cancer risk are driven, at least in part, by variation in immune function, but this idea is underexplored. In this review we present an overview of the current understanding of the links between cancer risk and both inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity and inter-individual variation in immune function. We discuss factors that play a role in both types of variability, including age, lifestyle, and environmental exposures. In conclusion, we propose a research paradigm that incorporates functional studies of both genome integrity and the immune system to predict cancer risk and lay the groundwork for personalized prevention.
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Wang Q, Wang W, Sun B, Zhang A. Genomic DNA hydroxymethylation reveals potential role in identification of lung injury in coal-burning arsenicosis populations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112053. [PMID: 34536373 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid element that causes lung cancer and multiple non-malignant respiratory diseases. The toxicity of arsenic is mediated in part by epigenetic mechanisms, such as alterations in DNA methylation. While increasing studies have highlighted the potential importance of arsenic exposure to DNA methylation patterns and the subsequent risks for arsenic toxicity, there has been little focus on DNA hydroxymethylation-a negative regulation mechanism of DNA methylation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between genomic DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation and lung injury in arsenicosis populations. First, an increased risk of lung injury and exacerbation of lung function impairment in the arsenicosis population was confirmed. Levels of 5-methylcytosine/deoxycytidine (5 mC/dC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine/deoxycytidine (5 hmC/dC) and 5 hmC/5 mC in genomic DNA of peripheral blood were decreased in the arsenicosis population compared to in the control. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression models showed an increased risk of chest digital radiography (DR) abnormalities when 5 hmC/dC and 5 hmC/5 mC levels were lower (OR = 3.12 and 3.96, all P < 0.001). For 3 years follow-up, regression analysis showed that a decline in 5 hmC/dC was significantly associated with the decline of lung function parameters [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF); β = 0.167, 0.122 and 0.073, respectively; all P < 0.05]. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, a combination of 5 hmC/5 dC and 5 hmC/5 mC obtained the highest value for distinguishing lung injury in all subjects (AUC = 0.82, P < 0.01). In contrast, in arsenicosis subjects, 5 hmC/dC was better at distinguishing lung injury (AUC = 0.84, P < 0.01). Together, the results revealed that a decrease in genomic DNA hydroxymethylation markers was associated with lung injury in coal-burning arsenicosis populations. Genomic DNA hydroxymethylation could be a novel biomarker for identifying the risk of lung injury caused by coal-burning arsenicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Baofei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Aihau Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, PR China.
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12
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Zhou X, Speer RM, Volk L, Hudson LG, Liu KJ. Arsenic co-carcinogenesis: Inhibition of DNA repair and interaction with zinc finger proteins. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:86-98. [PMID: 33984503 PMCID: PMC8578584 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is widely present in the environment and is associated with various population health risks including cancers. Arsenic exposure at environmentally relevant levels enhances the mutagenic effect of other carcinogens such as ultraviolet radiation. Investigation on the molecular mechanisms could inform the prevention and intervention strategies of arsenic carcinogenesis and co-carcinogenesis. Arsenic inhibition of DNA repair has been demonstrated to be an important mechanism, and certain DNA repair proteins have been identified to be extremely sensitive to arsenic exposure. This review will summarize the recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of arsenic carcinogenesis and co-carcinogenesis, including DNA damage induction and ROS generation, particularly how arsenic inhibits DNA repair through an integrated molecular mechanism which includes its interactions with sensitive zinc finger DNA repair proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Rachel M Speer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Lindsay Volk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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13
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Wen J, Wang Y, Yuan M, Huang Z, Zou Q, Pu Y, Zhao B, Cai Z. Role of mismatch repair in aging. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3923-3935. [PMID: 34671209 PMCID: PMC8495402 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A common feature of aging is the accumulation of genetic damage throughout life. DNA damage can lead to genomic instability. Many diseases associated with premature aging are a result of increased accumulation of DNA damage. In order to minimize these damages, organisms have evolved a complex network of DNA repair mechanisms, including mismatch repair (MMR). In this review, we detail the effects of MMR on genomic instability and its role in aging emphasizing on the association between MMR and the other hallmarks of aging, serving to drive or amplify these mechanisms. These hallmarks include telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered nutrient sensing and cell senescence. The close relationship between MMR and these markers may provide prevention and treatment strategies, to reduce the incidence of age-related diseases and promote the healthy aging of human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, 524001, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of aging related cardio cerebral diseases, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Zhenting Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Yinshuang Pu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department and Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, 524001, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of aging related cardio cerebral diseases, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 400013, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400013, China
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14
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Desaulniers D, Vasseur P, Jacobs A, Aguila MC, Ertych N, Jacobs MN. Integration of Epigenetic Mechanisms into Non-Genotoxic Carcinogenicity Hazard Assessment: Focus on DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10969. [PMID: 34681626 PMCID: PMC8535778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics involves a series of mechanisms that entail histone and DNA covalent modifications and non-coding RNAs, and that collectively contribute to programing cell functions and differentiation. Epigenetic anomalies and DNA mutations are co-drivers of cellular dysfunctions, including carcinogenesis. Alterations of the epigenetic system occur in cancers whether the initial carcinogenic events are from genotoxic (GTxC) or non-genotoxic (NGTxC) carcinogens. NGTxC are not inherently DNA reactive, they do not have a unifying mode of action and as yet there are no regulatory test guidelines addressing mechanisms of NGTxC. To fil this gap, the Test Guideline Programme of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development is developing a framework for an integrated approach for the testing and assessment (IATA) of NGTxC and is considering assays that address key events of cancer hallmarks. Here, with the intent of better understanding the applicability of epigenetic assays in chemical carcinogenicity assessment, we focus on DNA methylation and histone modifications and review: (1) epigenetic mechanisms contributing to carcinogenesis, (2) epigenetic mechanisms altered following exposure to arsenic, nickel, or phenobarbital in order to identify common carcinogen-specific mechanisms, (3) characteristics of a series of epigenetic assay types, and (4) epigenetic assay validation needs in the context of chemical hazard assessment. As a key component of numerous NGTxC mechanisms of action, epigenetic assays included in IATA assay combinations can contribute to improved chemical carcinogen identification for the better protection of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Desaulniers
- Environmental Health Sciences and Research Bureau, Hazard Identification Division, Health Canada, AL:2203B, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Paule Vasseur
- CNRS, LIEC, Université de Lorraine, 57070 Metz, France;
| | - Abigail Jacobs
- Independent at the Time of Publication, Previously US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - M. Cecilia Aguila
- Toxicology Team, Division of Human Food Safety, Center for Veterinary Medicine, US Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Norman Ertych
- German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Miriam N. Jacobs
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK;
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15
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Martinez VD, Lam WL. Health Effects Associated With Pre- and Perinatal Exposure to Arsenic. Front Genet 2021; 12:664717. [PMID: 34659330 PMCID: PMC8511415 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.664717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is a well-established human carcinogen, able to induce genetic and epigenetic alterations. More than 200 million people worldwide are exposed to arsenic concentrations in drinking water exceeding the recommended WHO threshold (10μg/l). Additionally, chronic exposure to levels below this threshold is known to result in long-term health effects in humans. The arsenic-related health effects in humans are associated with its biotransformation process, whereby the resulting metabolites can induce molecular damage that accumulates over time. The effects derived from these alterations include genomic instability associated with oxidative damage, alteration of gene expression (including coding and non-coding RNAs), global and localized epigenetic reprogramming, and histone posttranslational modifications. These alterations directly affect molecular pathways involved in the onset and progression of many conditions that can arise even decades after the exposure occurs. Importantly, arsenic metabolites generated during its biotransformation can also pass through the placental barrier, resulting in fetal exposure to this carcinogen at similar levels to those of the mother. As such, more immediate effects of the arsenic-induced molecular damage can be observed as detrimental effects on fetal development, pregnancy, and birth outcomes. In this review, we focus on the genetic and epigenetic damage associated with exposure to low levels of arsenic, particularly those affecting early developmental stages. We also present how these alterations occurring during early life can impact the development of certain diseases in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor D. Martinez
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
- The Canadian Environmental Exposures in Cancer (CE2C) Network, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- The Canadian Environmental Exposures in Cancer (CE2C) Network, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Das A, Sanyal T, Bhattacharjee P, Bhattacharjee P. Depletion of S-adenosylmethionine pool and promoter hypermethylation of Arsenite methyltransferase in arsenic-induced skin lesion individuals: A case-control study from West Bengal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 198:111184. [PMID: 33894237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of arsenic compounds in the human body occurs following a series of biochemical reactions in the presence of methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and catalyzed by arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT). However, the extent and pattern of methylation differs among the arsenic exposed individuals leading to differential susceptibility. The mechanism for such inter-individual difference is enigmatic. In the present case-control study we recruited exposed individuals with and without arsenic induced skin lesion (WSL and WOSL), and an unexposed cohort, each having 120 individuals. Using ELISA, we observed a reduction in SAM levels (p < 0.05) in WSL compared to WOSL. Linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between urinary arsenic concentration and SAM concentration between the study groups. qRT-PCR revealed a significant down-regulation (p < 0.01) of key regulatory genes like MTHFR, MTR, MAT2A and MAT2B of SAM biogenesis pathway in WSL cohort. Methylation-specific PCR revealed significant promoter hypermethylation of AS3MT (WSL vs. WOSL: p < 0.01) which resulted in its subsequent transcriptional repression (WSL vs. WOSL: p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis also showed a negative correlation between SAM concentration and percentage of promoter methylation. Taken together, these results indicate that reduction in SAM biogenesis along with a higher utilization of SAM results in a decreased availability of methyl donor. These along with epigenetic down-regulation of AS3MT may be responsible for higher susceptibility in arsenic exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta and Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta and Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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17
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Hu Y, Xiao T, Zhang A. Associations between and risks of trace elements related to skin and liver damage induced by arsenic from coal burning. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111719. [PMID: 33396050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to high levels of arsenic has been documented to induce skin and liver damage, affecting hundreds of millions of people. While arsenic-induced skin and liver damage and trace element alterations have been studied, their correlations and risks have not been explained. Based on the above premise, this study included a total of 172 subjects from a coal-burning arsenic poisoning area. The levels of 18 trace elements in hair and six liver function indices in serum were detected, and the associations between and risks of trace elements related to skin and liver damage were analyzed. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and areas under the curve (AUC) were used to analyze the diagnostic values of certain trace elements for arsenic-induced skin and liver damage. The results found that a decrease in Se was a risk factor for arsenic-induced skin and liver damage (OR = 8.33 and 1.92, respectively). Furthermore, increases in Al and V were risk factors for arsenic-induced skin damage (OR = 1.05) and liver damage (OR = 13.16), respectively. In addition, the results found that Se and Al possessed certain diagnostic values for arsenic-induced skin damage (AUC = 0.93, 0.80), that Se possessed a diagnostic value for liver damage (AUC = 0.93), and that the combination of Se and Al increased the diagnostic value for skin damage (AUC = 0.96). This study provides an important research basis for further understanding the reasons for arsenic-induced skin and liver damage, for screening and identifying candidate diagnostic biomarkers, and for improving prevention and control strategies for arsenism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
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18
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Sanyal T, Paul M, Bhattacharjee S, Bhattacharjee P. Epigenetic alteration of mitochondrial biogenesis regulatory genes in arsenic exposed individuals (with and without skin lesions) and in skin cancer tissues: A case control study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127305. [PMID: 32563914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic toxicity has become a global concern due to its adverse pathophysiological outcome and carcinogenic potential. It is already established that arsenic induced reactive oxygen species alters mitochondrial functionality. Major regulatory genes for mitochondrial biogenesis, i.e., PGC1α, Tfam, NRF1and NRF2 are located in the nucleus. As a result, mitochondria-nucleus crosstalk is crucial for proper mitochondrial function. This previous hypothesis led us to investigateinvolvement of epigenetic alteration behindenhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in chronic arsenic exposure. An extensive case-control study was conducted with 390 study participants (unexposed, exposed without skin lesion, exposed with skin lesion and exposed skin tumour) from highly arsenic exposed areas ofWest Bengal, India. Methylation specific PCRrevealed significant promoter hypomethylation oftwo key biogenesis regulatory genes, PGC1αandTfam in arsenic exposed individuals and also in skin tumour tissues. Linear regression analysis indicated significant negative correlation between urinary arsenic concentration and promoter methylation status. Increased expression of biogenesis regulatory genes wasobtained by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Moreover, altered mitochondrial fusion-fission regulatory gene expression was also observed in skin tumour tissues. miR663, having tumour suppressor gene like function was known to be epigenetically regulated through mitochondrial retrograde signal. Promoter hypermethylation with significantly decreased expression of miR663 was found in skin cancer tissues compared to non-cancerous control tissue. In conclusion, results indicated crucial role of epigenetic alteration in arsenic induced mitochondrial biogenesis and arsenical skin carcinogenesis for the first time. However, further mechanistic studies are necessary for detailed understanding of mitochondria-nucleus crosstalk in arsenic perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Manabi Paul
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | | | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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19
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Sanyal T, Bhattacharjee P, Paul S, Bhattacharjee P. Recent Advances in Arsenic Research: Significance of Differential Susceptibility and Sustainable Strategies for Mitigation. Front Public Health 2020; 8:464. [PMID: 33134234 PMCID: PMC7578365 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in drinking water and associated adverse outcomes are one of the major health issues in more than 50 countries worldwide. The scenario is getting even more detrimental with increasing number of affected people and newer sites reported from all over the world. Apart from drinking water, the presence of arsenic has been found in various other dietary sources. Chronic arsenic toxicity affects multiple physiological systems and may cause malignancies leading to death. Exposed individuals, residing in the same area, developed differential dermatological lesion phenotypes and varied susceptibility toward various other arsenic-induced disease risk, even after consuming equivalent amount of arsenic from the similar source, over the same duration of time. Researches so far indicate that differential susceptibility plays an important role in arsenic-induced disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we have identified major population-based studies of the last 20 years, indicating possible causes of differential susceptibility emphasizing arsenic methylation capacity, variation in host genome (single nucleotide polymorphism), and individual epigenetic pattern (DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA expression). Holistic multidisciplinary strategies need to be implemented with few sustainable yet cost-effective solutions like alternative water source, treatment of arsenic-contaminated water, new adaptations in irrigation system, simple modifications in cooking strategy, and dietary supplementations to combat this menace. Our review focuses on the present perspectives of arsenic research with special emphasis on the probable causes of differential susceptibility toward chronic arsenic toxicity and sustainable remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.,Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.,Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Somnath Paul
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
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20
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Doukas SG, Vageli DP, Lazopoulos G, Spandidos DA, Sasaki CT, Tsatsakis A. The Effect of NNK, A Tobacco Smoke Carcinogen, on the miRNA and Mismatch DNA Repair Expression Profiles in Lung and Head and Neck Squamous Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E1031. [PMID: 32326378 PMCID: PMC7226174 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a common risk factor for lung cancer and head and neck cancer. Molecular changes such as deregulation of miRNA expression have been linked to tobacco smoking in both types of cancer. Dysfunction of the Mismatch DNA repair (MMR) mechanism has also been associated with a poor prognosis of these cancers, while a cross-talk between specific miRNAs and MMR genes has been previously proposed. We hypothesized that exposure of lung and head and neck squamous cancer cells (NCI and FaDu, respectively) to tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is capable of altering the expression of MSH2 and MLH1, key MMR components, by promoting specific miRNA deregulation. We found that either a low (1 μM) or high (2 μM) dose of NNK induced significant upregulation of "oncomirs" miR-21 and miR-155 and downregulation of "tumor suppressor" miR-422a, as well as the reduction of MMR protein and mRNA expression, in NCI and FaDu, compared to controls. Inhibition of miR-21 restored the NNK-induced reduced MSH2 phenotype in both NCI and FaDu, indicating that miR-21 might contribute to MSH2 regulation. Finally, NNK exposure increased NCI and FaDu survival, promoting cancer cell progression. We provide novel findings that deregulated miR-21, miR-155, and miR-422a and MMR gene expression patterns may be valuable biomarkers for lung and head and neck squamous cell cancer progression in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios G. Doukas
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.G.D.); (A.T.)
- Department of Surgery, The Yale Larynx Laboratory, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Dimitra P. Vageli
- Department of Surgery, The Yale Larynx Laboratory, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - George Lazopoulos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Clarence T. Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, The Yale Larynx Laboratory, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (S.G.D.); (A.T.)
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21
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Bhattacharjee P, Das A, Giri AK, Bhattacharjee P. Epigenetic regulations in alternative telomere lengthening: Understanding the mechanistic insight in arsenic-induced skin cancer patients. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135388. [PMID: 31837846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Telomere integrity is considered to be one of the primary mechanisms during malignant transformation. Arsenic, a group 1 carcinogenic metalloid, has been reported to cause telomere lengthening in a telomerase-independent manner. Recent studies suggest a significant role for epigenetic modifications in regulating telomeric length and integrity. Here, we have explored the role of epigenetic deregulation in alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) in arsenic-exposed skin cancer tissues and corresponding non-tumor tissues. The relative telomere length (RTL) was analyzed by qRT-PCR using 2-ΔΔCt method. The subtelomeric methylation pattern of the four chromosomes (7q, 18p, 21q and XpYp) were analysed by Methylation Specific PCR (MSP) in 40 pairs of arsenic exposed skin cancer tissues and its corresponding control. The role of constitutive heterochromatin histone marks in the regulation of telomere length (TL) was analyzed by targeted ELISA. A 2-fold increase of relative telomere length in 85% of the arsenic-induced skin cancer tissues was observed. Among the four chromosomes, subtelomere of XpYp was found to be hypermethylated (p < 0.001) whereas 18p was hypomethylated (p < 0.01). Additionally, the level of H4K20me3, a heterochromatic mark was found to be significantly down-regulated (p < 0.0003), and inversely correlated with telomere length indicating loss of heterochromatinization of telomeric DNA. These observations highlight the novel role of epigenetic regulation in the maintenance of constitutive heterochromatin structure at telomere. Alteration in subtelomeric DNA methylation patterns and depletion of H4K20me3 might lead to loss of heterochromatinization resulting in arsenic-induced telomeric elongation. We provide novel data indicating possible alternative determinants of telomere elongation through epigenetic modifications during arsenic-induced skin carcinogenesis which could be used as early 'epimarkers' in the near future. The findings provide new insights about the mechanism of arsenic-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Ashok K Giri
- Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
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22
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Zhang AL, Chen L, Ma L, Ding XJ, Tang SF, Zhang AH, Li J. Role of H3K18ac-regulated nucleotide excision repair-related genes in arsenic-induced DNA damage and repair of HaCaT cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1168-1177. [PMID: 32031413 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120903482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is an environmental poison and is a grade I human carcinogen that can cause many types of damage to the body. The skin is one of the main target organs of arsenic damage, but the molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic poisoning are not clear. Arsenic is an epigenetic agent. Histone acetylation is one of the earliest covalent modifications to be discovered and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. To investigate the role of acetylated histone H3K18 (H3K18 ac) in arsenic-induced DNA damage, HaCaT cells were exposed to sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) for 24 h. It was found that arsenic induced the downregulation of xeroderma pigmentosum A, D, and F (XPA, XPD, and XPF-nucleotide excision repair (NER)-related genes) expression, as well as histone H3K18 ac expression, and aggravated DNA damage. Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) analysis showed that H3K18 acetylation in the promoter regions of XPA, XPD, and XPF was downregulated. In addition, the use of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) partially inhibited arsenic-induced DNA damage, inhibited deacetylation of H3K18 ac in the promoter regions of XPA, XPD, and XPF genes, increased acetylation of H3K18, and promoted the transcriptional expression of NER-related genes. Our study revealed that NaAsO2 induces DNA damage and inhibits the expression of NER-related genes, while TSA increases the H3K18 ac enrichment level and promotes the transcriptional expression of NER, thereby inhibiting DNA damage. These findings provide new ideas for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - L Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - L Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - X J Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - S F Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - A H Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - J Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Bhattacharjee P, Paul S, Bhattacharjee P. Understanding the mechanistic insight of arsenic exposure and decoding the histone cipher. Toxicology 2020; 430:152340. [PMID: 31805316 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of heritable epigenetic changes in arsenic exposure has intensified over the last decade. Groundwater arsenic contamination causes a great threat to humans and, to date, no accurate measure has been formulated for remediation. The fascinating possibilities of epi-therapeutics identify the need for an in-depth mechanistic understanding of the epigenetic landscape. OBJECTIVE In this comprehensive review, we have set to analyze major studies pertaining to histone post-translational modifications in arsenic-mediated disease development and carcinogenesis during last ten years (2008-2018). RESULTS The role of the specific histone marks in arsenic toxicity has been detailed. A comprehensive list that includes major arsenic-induced histone modifications identified for the last 10 years has been documented and details of different states of arsenic, organisms, exposure type, study platform, and findings were provided. An arsenic signature panel was suggested to help in early prognosis. An attempt has been made to identify the grey areas of research. PROSPECTS Future prospective multi-target analyses of the inter-molecular crosstalk among different histone marks are needed to be explored further in order to understand the mechanism of arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity and to confirm the suitability of these epi-marks as prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Somnath Paul
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
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Sanyal T, Bhattacharjee P, Paul S, Bhattacharjee P. Recent Advances in Arsenic Research: Significance of Differential Susceptibility and Sustainable Strategies for Mitigation. Front Public Health 2020. [PMID: 33134234 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh/2020.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in drinking water and associated adverse outcomes are one of the major health issues in more than 50 countries worldwide. The scenario is getting even more detrimental with increasing number of affected people and newer sites reported from all over the world. Apart from drinking water, the presence of arsenic has been found in various other dietary sources. Chronic arsenic toxicity affects multiple physiological systems and may cause malignancies leading to death. Exposed individuals, residing in the same area, developed differential dermatological lesion phenotypes and varied susceptibility toward various other arsenic-induced disease risk, even after consuming equivalent amount of arsenic from the similar source, over the same duration of time. Researches so far indicate that differential susceptibility plays an important role in arsenic-induced disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we have identified major population-based studies of the last 20 years, indicating possible causes of differential susceptibility emphasizing arsenic methylation capacity, variation in host genome (single nucleotide polymorphism), and individual epigenetic pattern (DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA expression). Holistic multidisciplinary strategies need to be implemented with few sustainable yet cost-effective solutions like alternative water source, treatment of arsenic-contaminated water, new adaptations in irrigation system, simple modifications in cooking strategy, and dietary supplementations to combat this menace. Our review focuses on the present perspectives of arsenic research with special emphasis on the probable causes of differential susceptibility toward chronic arsenic toxicity and sustainable remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Somnath Paul
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
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Rafiei G, Shirkoohi R, Saffari M, Salehipour P, Modarressi MH. The Impact of Long-term Exposure to Low Levels of Inorganic Arsenic on the Hypomethylation of SEPT9 Promoter in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformed Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2019; 8:130-138. [PMID: 32215264 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.8.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenicals are worldwide environmental contaminants that affect molecular characteristics in biological systems and lead to genomic and epigenomic instability as well as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether low levels of sodium arsenite (iAsIII) can influence EMT and genomic instability through microsatellite analysis. We have also determined epigenomic instability by investigating the methylation status of SEPT9 tumor marker in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, Caco2 and HCT116, which were treated with iAsIII to assess IC50s. Short-term and long-term exposure to low concentrations (1 µM and 0.1 µM) of iAsIII in two separate experiments was implemented to analyze EMT, microsatellite status and the methylation pattern of SEPT9 promoter. As expected, after 20 days of exposure to iAsIII, the expression of CDH1 was significantly decreased while the expression of CDH2, FIB1 and VIM was increased in Caco2 and HCT116, a finding that confirmed EMT induction. However, there was no detectable alteration in the size of microsatellites. As for the methylation pattern, SEPT9 promoter was hypomethylated as a result of long-term exposure to 0.1 µM iAsIII in Caco2. Long-term exposure of HCT116 to both concentrations could induce hypomethylation of SEPT9 promoter. Our findings indicate no linkage between EMT induction and microsatellite status in iAsIII-treated CRC cell lines. For the first time, the current study has shown that the induction of EMT by iAsIII is linked with SEPT9 promoter hypomethylation in Caco2 and HCT116 in a concentration- and time-dependent pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Rafiei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Shirkoohi
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Saffari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Salehipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Role of arsenic, lead and cadmium on telomere length and the risk of carcinogenesis: a mechanistic insight. THE NUCLEUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-019-00280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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27
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Ruíz-Vera T, Ochoa-Martínez ÁC, Zarazúa S, Carrizales-Yáñez L, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Circulating miRNA-126, -145 and -155 levels in Mexican women exposed to inorganic arsenic via drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 67:79-86. [PMID: 30769280 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate circulating expression levels of three miRNAs (miR-126, miR-155, and miR-145) proposed as predictive CVD biomarkers in Mexican women exposed to inorganic arsenic via drinking water. Mean UAs concentration of 19.5 ± 14.0 μg/g creatinine was found after urine samples were analyzed (n = 105). Significant associations between UAs levels and serum expression levels of miR-155 (p < 0.05) and miR-126 (p < 0.05) were observed after adjustment for assessed co-variables. Alterations in the serum expression levels of miR-155 and miR-126 may be associated with the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases, hence miRNAs could be proposed as prognostic CVD biomarkers. Data found in this study are of concern and risk reduction plans are necessary for the assessed communities to prevent cardiovascular events in this population of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ruíz-Vera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ángeles C Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sergio Zarazúa
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Rio-verde, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Leticia Carrizales-Yáñez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Rio-verde, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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28
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini H, Yousefi T, Abolghasemi M, Qujeq D, Maniati M, Amani J. The crosstalk between trace elements with DNA damage response, repair, and oxidative stress in cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1080-1105. [PMID: 30378148 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is a regulatory system responsible for maintaining genome integrity and stability, which can sense and transduce DNA damage signals. The severity of damage appears to determine DDRs, which can include damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, defective components in DNA damage and repair machinery are an underlying cause for the development and progression of various types of cancers. Increasing evidence indicates that there is an association between trace elements and DDR/repair mechanisms. In fact, trace elements seem to affect mediators of DDR. Besides, it has been revealed that oxidative stress (OS) and trace elements are associated with cancer development. In this review, we discuss the role of some critical trace elements in the risk of cancer. In addition, we provide a brief introduction on DDR and OS in cancer. Finally, we will further review the interactions between some important trace elements including selenium, zinc, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic, and DDR, and OS in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Selmin OI, Donovan MG, Skovan B, Paine-Murieta GD, Romagnolo DF. Arsenic‑induced BRCA1 CpG promoter methylation is associated with the downregulation of ERα and resistance to tamoxifen in MCF7 breast cancer cells and mouse mammary tumor xenografts. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:869-878. [PMID: 30664189 PMCID: PMC6365020 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant percentage (~30%) of estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-positive tumors become refractory to endocrine therapies; however, the mechanisms responsible for this resistance remain largely unknown. Chronic exposure to arsenic through foods and contaminated water has been linked to an increased incidence of several tumors and long-term health complications. Preclinical and population studies have indicated that arsenic exposure may interfere with endocrine regulation and increase the risk of breast tumorigenesis. In this study, we examined the effects of sodium arsenite (NaAsIII) exposure in ERα-positive breast cancer cells in vitro and in mammary tumor xenografts. The results revealed that acute (within 4 days) and long-term (10 days to 7 weeks) in vitro exposure to environmentally relevant doses reduced breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and ERα expression associated with the gain of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and folate receptor 1 (FOLR1), and the loss of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) expression. Furthermore, long-term exposure to NaAsIII induced the proliferation and compromised the response of MCF7 cells to tamoxifen (TAM). The in vitro exposure to NaAsIII induced BRCA1 CpG methylation associated with the increased recruitment of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the loss of RNA polymerase II (PolII) at the BRCA1 gene. Xenografts of NaAsIII-preconditioned MCF7 cells (MCF7NaAsIII) into the mammary fat pads of nude mice produced a larger tumor volume compared to tumors from control MCF7 cells and were more refractory to TAM in association with the reduced expression of BRCA1 and ERα, CpG hypermethylation of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and BRCA1, and the increased expression of FOLR1. These cumulative data support the hypothesis that exposure to AsIII may contribute to reducing the efficacy of endocrine therapy against ERα-positive breast tumors by hampering the expression of ERα and BRCA1 via CpG methylation, respectively of ESR1 and BRCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella I Selmin
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Micah G Donovan
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Bethany Skovan
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Donato F Romagnolo
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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30
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Hypomethylation of mitochondrial D-loop and ND6 with increased mitochondrial DNA copy number in the arsenic-exposed population. Toxicology 2018; 408:54-61. [PMID: 29940200 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater arsenic contamination has become a serious global concern due to its adverse effects on human health. Arsenic-induced reactive oxygen species trigger oxidative stress inside mitochondria, which initiate a cascade of events including altered mitochondrial (mt) membrane potential, uncoupling of electron transport chain, and mtDNA damage. A case-control study was conducted to examine the association between arsenic exposure and differences in mtDNA methylation and to assess the downstream consequences. We recruited 221 arsenic-exposed individuals, including 106 individuals with skin lesions (WSL) and 115 subjects without any skin lesions (WOSL) from the Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India. The unexposed group included 101 individuals from the arsenic unexposed area in East Midnapore. We analyzed the status of mtDNA methylation in D-loop region and ND6 gene by methylation-specific PCR. Gene expression was studied by quantitative real-time PCR. Significant hypomethylation in both D-loop and ND6 was observed with a consequent increase in their target gene expression and higher mtDNA copy number in arsenic-exposed populations compared to controls. Further mechanistic insights regarding mitochondrial epigenetic alteration in arsenic exposure will be of critical importance for the prevention of adverse health effects.
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