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Wang J, Hui X, Liu H, Dai X. Classification, characteristics, harmless treatment and safety assessment of antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater (APWW): a comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024:143504. [PMID: 39389375 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
The issues related to the spread of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have garnered significant attention from researchers and governments. The production of antibiotics can lead to the emission of high-concentration pharmaceutical wastewater, which contains antibiotic residues and various other pollutants. This review compiles the classification and characteristics of antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater (APWW), offers an overview of the development, advantages, and disadvantages of diverse harmless treatment processes, and presents a strategy for selecting appropriate treatment approaches. Biological treatment remains the predominant approach for treating APWW. In addition, several alternative methods can be employed to address the challenges associated with APWW treatment. On the other hand, the present safety assessment of the effluent resulting from APWW treatment is inadequate, necessitating more comprehensive research in this domain. It is recommended that researches in this area consider the issue of toxicity and antibiotic resistance as well. The PNECR model (similar to ecotoxicological PNECs but used to specifically refer to endpoints related to antimicrobial resistance) (Murray et al., 2024) is an emerging tool used for evaluating the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issue. This model is , characterized by its simplicity and effectiveness, is a promising tool for assessing the safety of treated APWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xuesong Hui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
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Jamali GA, Devrajani SK, Memon SA, Qureshi SS, Anbuchezhiyan G, Mubarak NM, Shamshuddin SZM, Siddiqui MTH. Holistic insight mechanism of ozone-based oxidation process for wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142303. [PMID: 38734250 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The world is facing water crises because freshwater scarcity has become a global issue due to rapid population growth, resulting in the need for more industries, agriculture, and domestic sectors. Therefore, it is challenging for scientists and environmental engineers to treat wastewater with cost-effective treatment techniques. As compared to conventional processes (physical, chemical, and biological), advanced oxidation processes (AOP) play an essential role in the removal of wastewater contaminants, with the help of a powerful hydroxyl (OH•) through oxidation reactions. This review study investigates the critical role of O3-based Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) in tackling the complex difficulties of wastewater treatment. Effective treatment methods are critical, with wastewater originating from various sources, including industrial activity, pharmaceutical manufacturing, agriculture, and a wide range of toxins. O3-based AOPs appear to be powerful therapies capable of degrading a wide range of pollutants, including stubborn organics, medicines, and pesticides, reducing environmental and human health risks. This review sheds light on their efficacy in wastewater treatment by explaining the underlying reaction mechanisms and applications of several O3-based AOP processes, such as O3, O3/UV, and O3/H2O2. Ozone, a powerful oxidizing agent, stimulates the breakdown of complex chemical molecules by oxidation processes, which are aided further by synergistic combinations with ultraviolet (UV) radiation or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Notably, while ozonation alone may not always produce the best outcomes, it acts as an essential pretreatment step prior to traditional treatments, increasing total treatment efficiency. Furthermore, O3-based AOPs' transformational capacity to convert organic chemicals into simpler, more stable inorganic forms with little sludge creation emphasizes its sustainability and environmental benefits. This study sheds light on the processes, uses, and benefits of O3-based AOPs, presenting practical solutions for sustainable water management and environmental protection. It is a valuable resource for academics, engineers, and politicians looking for new ways to combat wastewater contamination and protect water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Akber Jamali
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
| | - Satesh Kumar Devrajani
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sheeraz Ahmed Memon
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Saeed Qureshi
- Australian Rivers Institute and *School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 4111, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gnanasambandam Anbuchezhiyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam; Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
| | - S Z M Shamshuddin
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, HMS Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, 572104, Karnataka India
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Xu Z, Ma X, He F, Lu M, Zhang J, Wang S, Dong P, Zhao C. In situ generated iron oxide nanosheet on iron foam electrode for enhanced electro-Fenton performance toward pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133193. [PMID: 38103298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Electro-Fenton (EF) is considered to be an effective technology for the purification of organic wastewater containing antibiotics, but the construction of accessible and efficient heterogeneous EF catalytic materials still faces challenges. In this study, an iron foam-derived electrode (FeOx/if-400) was prepared by a simple method (chemical oxidation combined heat treatment). The fabricated electrode presented great EF degradation efficiency under wide pH range (almost completely removing 50 mg L-1 TNZ within 60 min) and maintained great stability after consecutive operation (>95% removal after six cycles). Also, the FeOx/if-400 electrode showed good purification ability for pharmaceutical wastewater as evaluated by the quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on experimental results, characterization analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the EF reaction mechanism of FeOx/if-400 electrode and the organics degradation pathways in simulated and real matrices were proposed. Significantly, the biotoxicity assessment of the degradation intermediate products was revealed by ECOSAR software and relative inhibition of E. coli, which fully proved the environmental friendliness of the EF process by the FeOx/if-400 cathode. This work provides a green and effective EF system, showing a promising application potential in the field of organic wastewater treatment containing antibiotic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Fengting He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Mingjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Shuaijun Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Pei Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China.
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Nabizadeh R, Amrollahi R, Ghafary B, Norouzian Alam S. Influence of ozone supply mode and aeration on photocatalytic ozonation of organic pollutants in wastewater using TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22854. [PMID: 38125433 PMCID: PMC10730601 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic ozonation, which combines the effects of lighting and ozonation, has been shown to enhance the decolorization and degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. Dye solutions with concentrations of 10 ppm for both methylene blue and methyl orange dyes were used. The influence of ozoneation on the performance of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles for the removal of organic dyes from aqueous solutions was investigated. To evaluate their efficacy for the removal of methylene blue and methyl orange dyes from aqueous solutions, the photocatalysts were exposed to UV light for 90 min, with ozone supplied either intermittently or continuously by an SDBD cold plasma reactor. The photocatalysts utilized in this study were characterized using SEM and XRD techniques. The degree of color degradation was determined using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles exhibit different degrees of photocatalytic activity for the two dyes. The addition of ozone was found to enhance both the color degradation and mineralization rates of the pollutants, with intermittent ozonation proving more effective than continuous ozonation. The most significant color degradation results were obtained using TiO2 nanoparticles with intermittent ozonation for methylene blue dye (97 %) and ZnO nanoparticles with intermittent ozonation for methyl orange dye (40 %). Overall, this study provides evidence that photocatalytic ozonation represents a promising technique for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Nabizadeh
- Physics Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Optoelectronics Research Center, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvaneh Amrollahi
- Physics Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bijan Ghafary
- Physics Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Norouzian Alam
- Physics Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Optoelectronics Research Center, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Wang Z, Zhu Z, Wang G, Ma X, Lu W. Iron (II) phthalocyanine loaded tourmaline efficiently activates PMS to degrade pharmaceutical contaminants under solar light. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3491-3503. [PMID: 35437123 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2064236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) is loaded on the surface of the tourmaline (TM) by the reflow method to obtain FePc/TM. This research effectively prevents the π-π stacking of FePc, increased the effective utilization rate of PMS activation under solar light, and further improved the catalytic performance of the catalytic system. The catalytic oxidation efficiency of FePc/TM on carbamazepine (CBZ) and sulfadiazine (SD) can reach 99% under solar light for 15 and 5 min, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate can reach 58% and 69% under solar light for 120 min. After 6 cycles, the CBZ removal rate remained above 95%. In addition, the FePc/TM catalytic system has an excellent removal rate for other pharmaceuticals. The results of spin-trapped electron paramagnetic resonance and classical quenching experiments show that FePc/TM can effectively activate PMS to generate active species under solar light, including superoxide radical (•O2-), singlet oxygen (1O2), hydroxyl radicals(•OH), and sulphate radicals (SO4•-). The intermediates of CBZ were identified by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry, and the degradation pathway was proposed. As the reaction progresses, all CBZ and intermediates are reduced and converted into small acids, or mineralized to H2O, CO2. This work provides an alternative method for the design of efficient activation of PMS activation catalysts under solar light to eliminate residual pharmaceuticals in actual water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Wang
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhexin Zhu
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangqiang Wang
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoji Ma
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangyang Lu
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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P M, A M, K PM, Sekar K, S S, Srinivasan SV, K SB, G S. Synchronous COD removal and nitrogen recovery from high concentrated pharmaceutical wastewater by an integrated chemo-biocatalytic reactor systems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:117048. [PMID: 36542888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Present report, an investigation of highly concentrated and low bio-degradable pharmaceutical wastewater (HCPWW) treatment; simultaneously ammoniacal nitrogen recovery for struvite fertilizer. The use of multiple solvents and many formulation processes in HCPWW, resulting highly refractory chemicals. Here, in this study focused on evaluation of chemo-biocatalysts for the removal of refractory organics, nitrogen recovery from HCPWW. The initial organics, and nitrogen content in HCPWW was 20,753 ± 4606 mg/L; BOD, 6550 ± 1500 mg/L and NH4+-N, 1057.9 ± 185.8 mg/L. Initially, the biodegradability (BOD5: COD ratio from 0.32 to 0.45) of HCPWW, which was improved by heterogeneous Fenton oxidation (HFO) processes, and porous carbon (PCC, 30 g/L), along with FeSO4.7H2O, 200 mg/L and H2O2 (30% v/v), 0.4 ml/L were used as a catalyst in a weakly acidic medium. For the biocatalytic processes, the microbial culture cultivated from sewage and incorporated into a Fluidized Immobilized Carbon Catalytic Oxidation reactor (FICCO), and dominant species are Pseudomonas Putida sp., Pseudomonas Kilionesis sp., and Pseudomonas Japonica sp., which is identified by using 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis. The COD and BOD5 removal efficiency of 65-93% and 70-82%, and follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with the rate constants of 1.0 × 10-4 L COD-1 h-1, 1.5 × 10-3 L COD-1 h-1 and 3.0 × 10-3 L COD-1 h-1 in the HFO-FICCO-CAACO catalytic processes. The optimized hydraulic retention time (HRT) of FICCO reactor was 24 h, and 1 h for the Chemo-Autotrophic Activated Carbon Oxidation (CAACO) reactor for maximum organics removal. MAP (Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate precipitation) process showed 90% of NH4+-N elimination and recovered it as a struvite fertilizer at an optimum molar ratio of 1:1.3:1.3 (NH4+-N: Na2HPO4.2H2O: MgO). FT-IR, UV-visible, and UV-fluorescence data confirm the effective elimination of organics. Hence, this integrated treatment system is appropriate for the management of pharmaceutical wastewater especially elimination of complex organic molecules and the recovery of nitrogen in the wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maharaja P
- Environmental Engineering Department, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Murali A
- Environmental Science Lab, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Patchai Murugan K
- Environmental Science Lab, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swarnalatha S
- Environmental Science Lab, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S V Srinivasan
- Environmental Engineering Department, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sri Balakameshwari K
- Environmental Engineering Department, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sekaran G
- Environmental Science Lab, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India; SRMIST, Deemed University, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai, 600089, Tamil Nadu, India
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Xue W, Hong X, Du Y, Chen B. Electro-Fenton mineralization of real textile wastewater by micron-sized ZVI powder anode. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:924-937. [PMID: 36853771 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The diverse compositions and complex nature of the textile wastewater make it imperative to find an economical and suitable degradation pathway. The degradation of real textile wastewater on a novel heterogeneous electro-Fenton system was carried out with a composite anode of magnetically fixed micron ZVI coupling with a Ti/RuO2-IrO2 sheet. The influences of different variables such as mZVI dosage, H2O2 amount, applied voltage and pH value on both total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies and energy consumption were investigated. The optimized parameters were simultaneously verified by using electrochemical workstation Tafel curves and Nyquist plots. The optimal operating conditions for evaluating the wastewater treatment were H2O2 dosage of 0.10 mol·L-1, applied voltage of 5.0 V, mZVI amount of 1.0 g·L-1 and initial pH value of 3.0. The high TOC and COD removal efficiencies of 92.44 and 82.84% could be achieved simultaneously in 60 min, respectively. XRD, XPS and SEM-EDS were used to investigate the interaction between the pollutant and the mZVI. GC-MS analysis was performed on untreated and treated wastewater to determine the degradation of pollutants in dyeing wastewater during the electro-Fenton process and to effectively propose a suitable degradation mechanism for this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China E-mail: ;
| | - Xiaoting Hong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China E-mail: ;
| | - Yingying Du
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China E-mail: ;
| | - Bin Chen
- Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China
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Wang Z, Lin X, Huang Y, Ma L. The role of hydroxylation on·OH generation for enhanced ozonation of benzoic acids: Reactivity, ozonation efficiency and radical formation mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128620. [PMID: 35278955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaozi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuanxing Huang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Luming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
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Construction of Novel Electro-Fenton Systems by Magnetically Decorating Zero-Valent Iron onto RuO2-IrO2/Ti Electrode for Highly Efficient Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14071044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) technique has shown great potential in wastewater treatment, while the sustainable and continuing supply of Fe2+ remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the construction of a novel E-Fenton system by magnetically decorating zero-valent iron (ZVI) onto a RuO2-IrO2/Ti (ZVI-RuO2-IrO2/Ti) electrode for high-efficient treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater, which is considerably refractory and harmful to conventional biological processes. By using ZVI as a durable source of Fe(II) irons, 78.69% of COD and 76.40% of TOC may be rapidly removed by the developed ZVI-RuO2-IrO2/Ti electrode, while the ZVI-RuO2-IrO2/Ti electrode using ZVI only reduces 35.64% of COD under optimized conditions at initial COD and TOC values of 5500 mg/L and 4300 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the increase in BOD5/COD from 0.21 to 0.52 highlights the enhanced biodegradability of the treated effluent. The analysis of a simultaneously formed precipitation on electrodes suggests that the coagulation process dominated by Fe3+/Fe2+ also plays a non-negligible role in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. In addition, the monitoring of the evolution of nitrogen elements and the formation of by-products in the E-Fenton process verifies its great capacity toward those organic pollutants found in pharmaceutical wastewater. Our study offers a practical solution for enhancing the performance of E-Fenton systems, and effectively treating refractory pharmaceutical wastewater.
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Zhang J, Zhou Z, Feng Z, Zhao H, Zhao G. Fast Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals by Rerouting the Electron Transfer Pathway via Constructed Chemical Channels during the Photo-Electro-Reduction of Oxygen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1331-1340. [PMID: 34792352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A strategy for the fast generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO·) via photo-electro-reduction of oxygen by rerouting the electron transfer pathway was proposed. The rate-determining step of HO· production is the formation of H2O2 and the simultaneous reduction of H2O2. Engineering of F-TiO2 with single atom Pd bonded with four F and two O atoms favored the electrocatalytic 2-electron oxygen reduction to H2O2 with as high as 99% selectivity, while the additional channel bond HO-O···Pd-F-TiO2 facilitates the photogenerated electron transfer from the conduction band to single atom Pd to reduce Pd···O-OH to HO·. The optimized HO· production rate is 9.18 μ mol L-1 min-1, which is 2.6-52.5 times higher than that in traditional advanced oxidation processes. In the application of wastewater treatment, this proposed photoelectrocatalytic oxygen reduction method, respectively, shows fast kinetics of 0.324 and 0.175 min-1 for removing bisphenol A and acetaminophen. Around 93.2% total organic carbon and 99.3% acute toxicity removal were achieved. Additionally, the degradation efficiency was less affected by the water source and pH value because of the evitable usage of metallic active sites. This work represents a fundamental investigation on the generation rate of HO·, which would pave the way for the future development of photoelectrocatalytic technologies for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhou
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Feng
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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Xu Q, Zhang H, Leng H, You H, Jia Y, Wang S. Ultrasonic role to activate persulfate/chlorite with foamed zero-valent-iron: Sonochemical applications and induced mechanisms. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 78:105750. [PMID: 34544014 PMCID: PMC8455865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The novel system, consisting of composite oxidants (persulfate/chlorite, S2O82-/ClO2-) and stationary phase activator (zero-valent-iron foam, Fe0f) driven by ultrasonic (US) field, was applied to treat the triphenylmethane derivative effectively even at low temperature (≈ 289 K). By comparisons of sub-systems, the US roles to S2O82-, ClO2-, and Fe0f were seriatim analyzed. US made the reaction order of multi-component system tend to within 1 (leading to de-order reaction), and widened pH activating range of the Fe0f by sonicate-polishing during the process of ClO2- co-activating S2O82-. US and Fe0f were affected by fluid eddy on activating S2O82-/ClO2-. The Fe0f had slight effect on the temperature of US bubble-water interface but the addition of ClO2- lowered it. The partitioning capacity of the above US reactive zone increased during the reaction. US and ClO2- could enrich the kinds of degradation intermediates. The contributions of free radicals (ClOx-based radicals, sulfate radicals (SO4-), and hydroxyl radicals (OH)) and non-free radicals (ClO2, and O = FeIV/V from ionic Fe under "-O-O-" of S2O82- and cyclic adjustment reaction of ClO2-) processes by sonochemical induction were equally important by corresponding detection means. Especially, real-time and online high-resolution mass spectrum by self-developing further confirmed the chain transfers of different free radicals due to US role. The findings expanded the application of sono-persulfate-based systems and improved understanding on activation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Haoran Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yuhong Jia
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Shutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Combination of Coagulation-Flocculation-Decantation and Ozonation Processes for Winery Wastewater Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168882. [PMID: 34444631 PMCID: PMC8395062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This research assessed a novel treatment process of winery wastewater, through the application of a chemical-based process aiming to decrease the high organic carbon content, which represents a difficulty for wastewater treatment plants and a public health problem. Firstly, a coagulation–flocculation–decantation process (CFD process) was optimized by a simplex lattice design. Afterwards, the efficiency of a UV-C/ferrous iron/ozone system was assessed for organic carbon removal in winery wastewater. This system was applied alone and in combination with the CFD process (as a pre- and post-treatment). The coagulation–flocculation–decantation process, with a mixture of 0.48 g/L potassium caseinate and 0.52 g/L bentonite at pH 4.0, achieved 98.3, 97.6, and 87.8% removals of turbidity, total suspended solids, and total polyphenols, respectively. For the ozonation process, the required pH and ferrous iron concentration (Fe2+) were crucial variables in treatment optimization. With the application of the best operational conditions (pH = 4.0, [Fe2+] = 1.0 mM), the UV-C/ferrous iron/ozone system achieved 63.2% total organic carbon (TOC) removal and an energy consumption of 1843 kWh∙m−3∙order−1. The combination of CFD and ozonation processes increased the TOC removal to 66.1 and 65.5%, respectively, for the ozone/ferrous iron/UV-C/CFD and CFD/ozone/ferrous iron/UV-C systems. In addition, the germination index of several seeds was assessed and excellent values (>80%) were observed, which revealed the reduction in phytotoxicity. In conclusion, the combination of CFD and UV-C/ferrous iron/ozone processes is efficient for WW treatment.
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Berkün Olgun Ö, Palas B, Atalay S, Ersöz G. Photocatalytic oxidation and catalytic wet air oxidation of real pharmaceutical wastewater in the presence of Fe and LaFeO3 doped activated carbon catalysts. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ma D, Yi H, Lai C, Liu X, Huo X, An Z, Li L, Fu Y, Li B, Zhang M, Qin L, Liu S, Yang L. Critical review of advanced oxidation processes in organic wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130104. [PMID: 33984911 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
With the development of industrial society, organic wastewater produced by industrial manufacturing has caused many environmental problems. The vast majority of organic pollutants in water bodies are persistent in the environment, posing a threat to human and animal health. Therefore, efficient treatment methods for highly concentrated organic wastewater are urgently needed. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely noticed in the area of treating organic wastewater. Compared with other chemical methods, AOPs have the characteristics of high oxidation efficiency and no secondary pollution. In this paper, the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of AOPs are comprehensively reviewed. Besides, the basic principles of combining different AOPs to enhance the treatment efficiency are described. Furthermore, the applications of AOPs in various wastewater treatments, such as oily wastewater, dyeing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, and landfill leachate, are also presented. Finally, we conclude that the main direction in the future of AOPs are the modification of catalysts and the optimization of operating parameters, with the challenges focusing on industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengsheng Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China.
| | - Xigui Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Xiuqin Huo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Ziwen An
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Bisheng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
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Jose J, Philip L. Continuous flow pulsed power plasma reactor for the treatment of aqueous solution containing volatile organic compounds and real pharmaceutical wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112202. [PMID: 33618319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of four recalcitrant and toxic VOCs (volatile organic compounds) present in pharmaceutical wastewater was studied using a continuous flow plasma reactor, along with evaluating its potential for real effluent treatment. The wastewater was sprayed into the plasma zone of the reactor, and it was re-circulated for better performance. The effect of different HRTs (hydraulic retention time) and initial concentrations of VOCs on the degradation efficiency were evaluated. In continuous reactor, complete removal of 200 mg/L of chloroform, chlorobenzene, and toluene was achieved at a HRT of 33.3 min, with an energy consumption of 22.4 kWh/m3. The study on the effect of different inlet loading rates of VOCs on elimination capacity showed that, the removal was limited initially by diffusion of reactive species and at higher loads, it was limited by insufficient amount of reactive species produced. During degradation of VOC mixture, more than 90% removal of chloroform, chlorobenzene and toluene was achieved at HRT of 33.3 min, and the TOC removal was 78.3%. The degradation efficiency of VOC mixture reduced slightly compared to that of individual compounds, due to insufficient amount of reactive species produced. The COD and BOD removal achieved after 140 min of direct plasma treatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater in batch reactor was 92.7% and 95.2%, respectively. Coagulation pre-treatment did not have a significant effect on the plasma treatment of real wastewater. When pharmaceutical effluent treatment was carried out in continuous flow reactor, 91.8% COD removal, 90.9% BOD removal and more than 90% degradation of all VOCs were achieved at a HRT of 150 min. Plasma treatment alone was capable of effectively treating the real pharmaceutical wastewater without any pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerin Jose
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, 600036, India.
| | - Ligy Philip
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, 600036, India
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Cao Q, Sang L, Tu J, Xiao Y, Liu N, Wu L, Zhang J. Rapid degradation of refractory organic pollutants by continuous ozonation in a micro-packed bed reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:128621. [PMID: 33092824 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently microreactor technology attracts attention due to the excellent multiphase mixing and enhanced mass transfer. Herein, a continuous ozonation system based on a micro-packed bed reactor (μPBR) was used to improve the dissolution rate of ozone and achieved a rapid and efficient degradation of refractory organic pollutants. The effects of liquid flow rate, gas flow rate, initial pH, initial O3 concentration and initial phenol concentration on the phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were also investigated. Experimental results showed that phenol and COD removal efficiencies under optimal conditions achieved 100.0% and 86.4%, respectively. Compared with large-scale reactors, the apparent reaction rate constant in μPBR increased by 1-2 orders of magnitude. In addition, some typical organic pollutants (including phenols, antibiotics and dyes) were treated by ozonation in μPBR. The removal efficiencies of these organic pollutants and COD achieved 100.0% and 70.2%-80.5% within 71 s, respectively. In this continuous treatment system, 100% of the unreacted ozone was converted to oxygen, which promoted the healthy development of aquatic ecosystems. Thus, this continuous system based on μPBR is a promising method in rapid and efficient treating refractory organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Le Sang
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiacheng Tu
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yushi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Lidong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China.
| | - Jisong Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Zhang H, Zhou W, Zhan X, Chi Z, Li W, He B, Tan S. Biodegradation performance and biofouling control of a halophilic biocarriers-MBR in saline pharmaceutical (ampicillin-containing) wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127949. [PMID: 32822933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work develops a halophilic biocarriers-MBR for saline pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The system has effectively treated the ampicillin-containing saline wastewater for 32 days, when the ampicillin concentration is lower than 20 mg/L. The system can tolerate the saline organic wastewater with a reasonable biodegradability (removals of COD over 75%) when the ampicillin concentration is 50 mg/L. The system has a bad performance in biodegradation (COD removals around 60-70%) and fouled within 16 days at a high ampicillin concentration of 100 mg/L. At high transmembrane pressures over 30 KPa, some ampicillin molecules may permeate through the membrane causing decreases in the ampicillin removal. The concentrations of protein and carbohydrate in EPS and SMP have increased over time and with increasing the ampicillin concentration. The method of biofouling control in MBR for the ampicillin situations has been proposed based on monitoring the concentrations of EPS and SMP. The drying-assisted monitoring of membrane biofoulants has showed a better efficiency than the monitoring of transmembrane pressure for membrane anti-biofouling in the treatment of pharmaceutical saline wastewaters where a spectroscopic detection can be hardly applied. This work may benefit relative research works for the control of biodegradation performance and membrane biofouling to better treat saline pharmaceutical wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyong Zhang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xuehui Zhan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China
| | - Zhenxing Chi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Binsheng He
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
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