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Kumar P, Park H, Yuk Y, Kim H, Jang J, Pagolu R, Park S, Yeo C, Choi KY. Developed and emerging 1,4-butanediol commercial production strategies: forecasting the current status and future possibility. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:530-546. [PMID: 37286203 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2176740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO) is a valuable industrial chemical that is primarily produced via several energy-intensive petrochemical processes based on fossil-based raw materials, leading to issues related to: non-renewability, environmental contamination, and high production costs. 1,4-BDO is used in many chemical reactions to develop a variety of useful, valuable products, such as: polyurethane, Spandex intermediates, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), a water-soluble polymer with numerous personal care and pharmaceutical uses. In recent years, to satisfy the growing need for 1,4-BDO, there has been a major shift in focus to sustainable bioproduction via microorganisms using: recombinant strains, metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, enzyme engineering, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence-guided algorithms. This article discusses the current status of the development of: various chemical and biological production techniques for 1,4-BDO, advances in biological pathways for 1,4-BDO biosynthesis, prospects for future production strategies, and the difficulties associated with environmentally friendly and bio-based commercial production strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - HyunA Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yong Yuk
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hayan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jihwan Jang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Raviteja Pagolu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - SeoA Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Chanseo Yeo
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kwon-Young Choi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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Lee J, Lee S, Lin KYA, Jung S, Kwon EE. Abatement of odor emissions from wastewater treatment plants using biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122426. [PMID: 37607647 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Odor is a critical environmental problem that negatively affects people's quality of life. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) often emit various odorous compounds, such as ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and organosulfur. Abatement of odor emissions from WWTPs using biochar may contribute to achieving carbon neutrality due to the carbon negative nature, CO2 sorption, and negative priming effects of biochar. Biochar has a high specific surface area and microporous structure with appropriate activation, which is suitable for sorption purposes. Various research directions have been proposed to determine the biochar removal efficiency for different odorants released from WWTPs. According to the literature survey, the pre- and post-treatments (e.g., thermal treatment, chemical treatment, and metal impregnation) of biochar could enhance the removal capacity for the odorants emitted from WWTPs at comparable conditions, compared to unmodified biochar. The feedstock and production condition (particularly, pyrolysis temperature) of a biochar and initial concentration of an odorant markedly affect the biochar's odorant removal capacity and efficiency. Moreover, different adsorption systems for the removal of odorants emitted from WWTPs follow different adsorption models. Further research is required to establish the practical use of biochar for the mitigation of odors released from WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonho Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sungyup Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao L, Sun ZF, Pan XW, Tan JY, Yang SS, Wu JT, Chen C, Yuan Y, Ren NQ. Sewage sludge derived biochar for environmental improvement: Advances, challenges, and solutions. WATER RESEARCH X 2023; 18:100167. [PMID: 37250290 PMCID: PMC10214287 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid growth yield of global sewage sludge, rational and effective treatment and disposal methods are becoming increasingly needed. Biochar preparation is an attractive option for sewage sludge treatment, the excellent physical and chemical properties of sludge derived biochar make it an attractive option for environmental improvement. Here, the current application state of sludge derived biochar was comprehensively reviewed, and the advances in the mechanism and capacity of sludge biochar in water contaminant removal, soil remediation, and carbon emission reduction were described, with particular attention to the key challenges involved, e.g., possible environmental risks and low efficiency. Several new strategies for overcoming sludge biochar application barriers to realize highly efficient environmental improvement were highlighted, including biochar modification, co-pyrolysis, feedstock selection and pretreatment. The insights offered in this review will facilitate further development of sewage sludge derived biochar, towards addressing the obstacles in its application in environmental improvement and global environmental crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhong-Fang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Pan
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, China
| | - Jing-Yan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie-Ting Wu
- School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Biological Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 10076, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Meng X, Wang Y, Conte AJ, Zhang S, Ryu J, Wie JJ, Pu Y, Davison BH, Yoo CG, Ragauskas AJ. Applications of biomass-derived solvents in biomass pretreatment - Strategies, challenges, and prospects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128280. [PMID: 36368492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomass pretreatment is considered a key step in the 2nd generation biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. Research on conventional biomass pretreatment solvents has mainly been focused on carbohydrate conversion efficiency, while their hazardousness and/or carbon intensity were not comprehensively considered. Recent sustainability issues request further consideration for eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives like biomass-derived solvents. Carbohydrate and lignin-derived solvents have been proposed and investigated as green alternatives in many biomass processes. In this review, the applications of different types of biomass pretreatment solvents, including organic, ionic liquid, and deep eutectic solvents, are thoroughly discussed. The role of water as a co-solvent in these pretreatment processes is also reviewed. Finally, current research challenges and prospects of utilizing biomass-derived pretreatment solvents for pretreatment are discussed. Given bioethanol's market potential and increasing public awareness about environmental concerns, it will be a priority adopting sustainable and green biomass pretreatment solvents in biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Yunxuan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Austin J Conte
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Jiae Ryu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jeong Jae Wie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; The Michael M. Szwarc Polymer Research Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Brian H Davison
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; The Michael M. Szwarc Polymer Research Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center of Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA.
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Yang G, Gao F, Yang L, Wang J. MnOx effect on the performance of Cu-based catalysts in ethynylation of formaldehyde for 1,4-butynediol synthesis. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-022-02265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Adamska K, Smykała S, Zieliński S, Szymański D, Stelmachowski P, Kotarba A, Okal J, Kępiński L. TiO2 Supported RuRe Nanocatalysts for Soot Oxidation: Effect of Re and the Support Nature. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Metal-Supported Biochar Catalysts for Sustainable Biorefinery, Electrocatalysis and Energy Storage Applications: A Review. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar (BCH) is a carbon-based bio-material produced from thermochemical conversion of biomass. Several activation or functionalization methods are usually used to improve physicochemical and functional properties of BCHs. In the context of green and sustainable future development, activated and functionalized biochars with abundant surface functional groups and large surface area can act as effective catalysts or catalyst supports for chemical transformation of a range of bioproducts in biorefineries. Above the well-known BCH applications, their use as adsorbents to remove pollutants are the mostly discussed, although their potential as catalysts or catalyst supports for advanced (electro)catalytic processes has not been comprehensively explored. In this review, the production/activation/functionalization of metal-supported biochar (M-BCH) are scrutinized, giving special emphasis to the metal-functionalized biochar-based (electro)catalysts as promising catalysts for bioenergy and bioproducts production. Their performance in the fields of biorefinery processes, and energy storage and conversion as electrode materials for oxygen and hydrogen evolutions, oxygen reduction, and supercapacitors, are also reviewed and discussed.
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Lee N, Hong SH, Lee CG, Park SJ, Lee J. Conversion of cattle manure into functional material to remove selenate from wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130398. [PMID: 33819881 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, pyrolysis of cattle manure was conducted to synthesize an effective material for removing heavy metals (e.g., selenium) from water environments. To remove selenate from aqueous solution, iron-impregnated cattle manure biochar (Fe/CM-biochar) was synthesized. The Fe-impregnation was performed by pre-treating cattle manure before its pyrolysis. The pretreatment increased the biochar yield. Influence of various factors such as contacting time, initial selenate concentration, reaction temperature, pH, and presence of coexisting anions were explored by performing batch adsorption experiments. The selenate adsorption reached equilibrium within 15 min. The Langmuir model was better fitted to equilibrium adsorption data than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe/CM-biochar was calculated to be 52.56 mg-Se/g, which is superior to other adsorbents reported in the literature. As the reaction temperature increased in the range (15-35) °C, selenate adsorption on Fe/CM-biochar showed an endothermic and nonspontaneous reaction. The enthalpy change during selenate adsorption was 18.44 kJ/mol, which ranges in physical adsorption. The increase of solution pH (3-11) reduced the selenate adsorption (46.4-37.7 mg-Se/g). The extent of co-existing anion impact on selenate adsorption followed an order of HPO42- > HCO3- > SO42- > NO3-. These results indicate that Fe/CM-biochar is an effective functional material for the removal of selenate from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyeon Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Hong
- Department of Integrated System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jik Park
- Department of Integrated System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea; School of Social Safety and System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Nguyen DLT, Binh QA, Nguyen XC, Huyen Nguyen TT, Vo QN, Nguyen TD, Phuong Tran TC, Hang Nguyen TA, Kim SY, Nguyen TP, Bae J, Kim IT, Van Le Q. Metal salt-modified biochars derived from agro-waste for effective congo red dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111492. [PMID: 34118243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anionic Congo red dye (CR) is not effectively removed by conventional adsorbents. Three novel biochars derived from agro-waste (Acacia auriculiformis), modified with metal salts of FeCl3, AlCl3, and CaCl2 at 500 °C pyrolysis have been developed to enhance CR treatment. These biochars revealed significant differences in effluents compared to BC, which satisfied initial research expectations (P < 0.05). The salt concentration of 2 M realized optimal biochars with the highest CR removal of 96.8%, for AlCl3-biochar and FeCl3-biochar and 70.8% for CaCl2-biochar. The modified biochars were low in the specific surface area (137.25-380.78 m2 g-1) compared normal biochar (393.15 m2 g-1), had more heterogeneous particles and successfully integrated metal oxides on the surface. The CR removal increased with a decrease in pH and increase in biochar dosage, which established an optimal point at an initial loading of 25 mg g-1. Maximum adsorption capacity achieved 130.0, 44.86, and 30.80 mg g-1 for BFe, BCa, and BAl, respectively. As magnetic biochar, which is easily separated from the solution and achieves a high adsorption capacity, FeCl3-biochar is the preferred biochar for CR treatment application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Le Tri Nguyen
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Quach An Binh
- Department of Academic Affairs and Testing, Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Cuong Nguyen
- Laboratory of Energy and Environmental Science, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Thanh Huyen Nguyen
- Laboratory of Energy and Environmental Science, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Quang Nha Vo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hue University, Quang Tri Campus, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Duong Nguyen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hue University, Quang Tri Campus, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Cuc Phuong Tran
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering Technology, Hue University, Quang Tri Campus, Viet Nam
| | - Thi An Hang Nguyen
- Vietnam Japan University (VNU-VJU), Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Luu Huu Phuoc St., Nam Tu Liem Dist., Hanoi, 101000, Viet Nam
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Thang Phan Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea
| | - Jaehan Bae
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea
| | - Il Tae Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea.
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Park C, Lee N, Kim J, Lee J. Co-pyrolysis of food waste and wood bark to produce hydrogen with minimizing pollutant emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116045. [PMID: 33257148 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the co-pyrolysis of food waste with lignocellulosic biomass (wood bark) in a continuous-flow pyrolysis reactor was considered as an effective strategy for the clean disposal and value-added utilization of the biowaste. To achieve this aim, the effects of major co-pyrolysis parameters such as pyrolysis temperature, the flow rate of the pyrolysis medium (nitrogen (N2) gas), and the blending ratio of food waste/wood bark on the yields, compositions, and properties of three-phase pyrolytic products (i.e., non-condensable gases, condensable compounds, and char) were investigated. The temperature and the food waste/wood bark ratio were found to affect the pyrolytic product yields, while the N2 flow rate did not. More non-condensable gases and less char were produced at higher temperatures. For example, as the temperature was increased from 300 °C to 700 °C, the yield of non-condensable gases increased from 6.3 to 17.5 wt%, while the yield of char decreased from 63.6 to 30.6 wt% for the co-pyrolysis of food waste and wood bark at a weight ratio of 1:1. Both the highest yield of hydrogen (H2) gas and the most significant suppression of the formation of phenolic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds were achieved with a combination of food waste and wood bark at a weight ratio of 1:1 at 700 °C. The results suggest that the synergetic effect of food waste and lignocellulosic biomass during co-pyrolysis can be exploited to increase the H2 yield while limiting the formation of phenolic compounds and PAH derivatives. This study has also proven the effectiveness of co-pyrolysis as a process for the valorization of biowaste that is produced by agriculture, forestry, and the food industry, while reducing the formation of harmful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyeong Park
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyeon Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Pereira Lopes R, Astruc D. Biochar as a support for nanocatalysts and other reagents: Recent advances and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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