1
|
Long X, Lu Y, Guo H, Tang Y. Recent Advances in Solid Residues Resource Utilization in Traditional Chinese Medicine. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Long
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Ying‐Lei Lu
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Hui Guo
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Yu‐Ping Tang
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li L, Chen Z, Huang Y, Guo Z, Dong H, Xie Y, Zhou N, Zhou Z. Investigation of gauze and medical bottle co-pyrolysis on the product formation, reactivity, and reaction pathway of char, liquid oil, and gas. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37363205 PMCID: PMC10024516 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-023-04006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Effective in-site treatment of medical waste has become a weak link in hospitals. Pyrolysis technology is a treatment method for medical waste that can enable rapid disposal in hospital settings and relieve environmental pressure, while also producing high-value products and reducing disposal costs. In this work, the effects of feedstock ratio and temperature on product yield and components of gauze (GA) and medical bottles (MB) co-pyrolysis have been investigated. The higher yield of solid products was obtained by co-pyrolysis of GA and MB at 400 ℃. With the addition of MB and an increase in temperature for the co-pyrolysis of GA and MB in a similar ratio, the pyrolysis oil and gas yields gradually increased. According to GC-MS analysis, co-feeding 75% MB to GA improved the alcohol content from 33.21% to a maximum yield of 59.8% at a pyrolysis temperature of 700 ℃. The content of aliphatic hydrocarbon reached 38.68% when the pyrolysis temperature and MB addition ratio were 700 °C and 75%, respectively. The GC data shows that the main gas components of co-pyrolysis of GA/MB were CH4 and H2, while the pyrolysis of pure GA or MB resulted in CO or CO2. Additionally, the solid carbon products obtained have an excellent pore structure. This strategy can benefit medical waste control and resource utilization for the low-cost disposal of medical waste and the acquisition of high-value resource products. Graphical Abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital Citic Xiangya, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoguang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingzhen Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Dong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Xie
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hor CJ, Tan YH, Mubarak NM, Tan IS, Ibrahim ML, Yek PNY, Karri RR, Khalid M. Techno-economic assessment of hydrotreated vegetable oil as a renewable fuel from waste sludge palm oil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115169. [PMID: 36587722 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To date, the development of renewable fuels has become a normal phenomenon to solve the problem of diesel fuel emissions and the scarcity of fossil fuels. Biodiesel production has some limitations, such as two-step processes requiring high free fatty acids (FFAs), oil feedstocks and gum formation. Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) is a newly developed international renewable diesel that uses renewable feedstocks via the hydrotreatment process. Unlike FAME, FFAs percentage doesn't affect the HVO production and sustains a higher yield. The improved characteristics of HVO, such as a higher cetane value, better cold flow properties, lower emissions and excellent oxidation stability for storage, stand out from FAME biodiesel. Moreover, HVO is a hydrocarbon without oxygen content, but FAME is an ester with 11% oxygen content which makes it differ in oxidation stability. Waste sludge palm oil (SPO), an abundant non-edible industrial waste, was reused and selected as the feedstock for HVO production. Techno-economical and energy analyses were conducted for HVO production using Aspen HYSYS with a plant capacity of 25,000 kg/h. Alternatively, hydrogen has been recycled to reduce the hydrogen feed. With a capital investment of RM 65.86 million and an annual production cost of RM 332.56 million, the base case of the SPO-HVO production process was more desirable after consideration of all economic indicators and HVO purity. The base case of SPO-HVO production could achieve a return on investment (ROI) of 89.03% with a payback period (PBP) of 1.68 years. The SPO-HVO production in this study has observed a reduction in the primary greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by up to 90% and the total annual production cost by nearly RM 450 million. Therefore, SPO-HVO production is a potential and alternative process to produce biobased diesel fuels with waste oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Jun Hor
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Yie Hua Tan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410 , Brunei.
| | - Inn Shi Tan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Lokman Ibrahim
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre of Nanomaterials Research, Institute of Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Peter Nai Yuh Yek
- Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development, University of Technology Sarawak, No. 1, Jalan Universiti, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410 , Brunei
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang S, Qin J, Chen T, Yi C, Zhang S, Zhou Z, Zhou N. Co-pyrolysis of different torrefied Chinese herb residues and low-density polyethylene: Kinetic and products distribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149752. [PMID: 34454148 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In present work, the synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and torrefied Chinese herb residues (CHR) have been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The kinetic parameters of co-pyrolysis were calculated by Coats-Redfern method, and the difference values of experiment and theoretical were also investigated for gas and oil compounds. The results show that the extent of synergistic or inhibitory effects of co-pyrolysis was connection with the severity of CHR torrefaction, and the activation energy depend on the blend ratio of LDPE and CHRs. In addition, co-pyrolysis tends to generate more small molecule products and reduce oil yield, and increase the CO content but decreases CH4 in the gas product. The results also found that the liquid products have a significant interaction during the co-pyrolysis process, because the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons and alcohols in the blends pyrolysis oil has been greatly increased, and improving the quality of oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiong Huang
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jie Qin
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Cheng Yi
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Siyan Zhang
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha 410128, PR China.
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of chemistry and materials science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha 410128, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang S, Qin J, He Q, Wen Y, Huang S, Li B, Hu J, Zhou N, Zhou Z. Torrefied herb residues in nitrogen, air and oxygen atmosphere: Thermal decomposition behavior and pyrolytic products characters. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125991. [PMID: 34563826 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The thermal decomposition behavior and pyrolytic products characters of herb residue (HR) torrefied in N2, air and O2 were investigated in present work. The clear gradual regularity of samples in Van Krevelen diagram exhibited the severity and some similarities of torrefaction. The activation energy (E) calculated by distributed activation energy model (DAEM) found that the E values of torrefied samples was higher than raw HR if the conversion is below 0.8. Torrefaction treatment would beneficial to increase the yield of gas but inhibit the formation of oil, and the compounds of gas and bio-oil under different torrefaction conditions are also quite different. It should be noticed that the presence of oxygen in the torrefaction atmosphere would reduce the torrefaction temperature significantly, while maintaining the severity of torrefaction and pyrolytic products distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiong Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jie Qin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Qian He
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yujiao Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd., Changsha 410205, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jian Hu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Changsha 410128, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wulandari YR, Chen SS, Hermosa GC, Hossain MSA, Yamauchi Y, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM, Wu KCW, Wu HS. Effect of N 2 flow rate on kinetic investigation of lignin pyrolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 190:109976. [PMID: 32750555 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fast pyrolysis of lignin can obtain valuable products such as bio-oil, bio-chemical, syngas, and biochar. In this study, two types of lignin known as brown solid from the byproduct of cellulosic ethanol fermentation and commercial dealkaline lignin from the papermaking process were used for pyrolysis in a 3-L batch reactor at 300-450 °C. The product composition in the liquid and gas phases were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/Flame-ionization detector/thermal conductivity detector (GC-MS/FID/TCD). Increasing the N2 flow rate to 150 mL/min was sufficient to increase the production of bio-oil/bio-organics up to 15% for brown solid pyrolysis. In contrast, the biochemical production during dealkaline lignin pyrolysis was not sensitive to the change of the N2 flow rate. The amount of biochar produced in the pyrolysis (~60%) slightly changed at various pyrolysis temperature and gas flow rate, which could be due to the relatively low pyrolysis temperature that was insufficient to decompose the lignin. The GC-MS analysis also revealed that C7-C8 compounds, which represented the phenolic compounds, were the most abundant in the liquid products. Kinetic models of the pyrolysis were established based on the thermogravimetric analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Ria Wulandari
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan.
| | - Season S Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Glemarie C Hermosa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan.
| | - Md Shahriar A Hossain
- School of Mechanical & Mining Engineering, and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- School of Mechanical & Mining Engineering, and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Department of Plant and Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, South Korea
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kevin C W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Shing Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|