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Stoski A, Machado BR, Vilsinski BH, de Carvalho LMG, Muniz EC, Almeida CAP. New Methodology for Modifying Sodium Montmorillonite Using DMSO and Ethyl Alcohol. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3029. [PMID: 38930397 PMCID: PMC11205384 DOI: 10.3390/ma17123029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Modified clays with organic molecules have many applications, such as the adsorption of pollutants, catalysts, and drug delivery systems. Different methodologies for intercalating these structures with organic moieties can be found in the literature with many purposes. In this paper, a new methodology of modifying Sodium Montmorillonite clays (Na-Mt) with a faster drying time was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG and DTG). In the modification process, a mixture of ethyl alcohol, DMSO, and Na-Mt were kept under magnetic stirring for one hour. Statistical analysis was applied to evaluate the effects of the amount of DMSO, temperature, and sonication time on the modified clay (DMSO-SMAT) using a 23-factorial design. XRD and FTIR analyses showed the DMSO intercalation into sodium montmorillonite Argel-T (SMAT). An average increase of 0.57 nm for the interplanar distance was found after swelling with DMSO intercalation. BET analysis revealed a decrease in the surface area (from 41.8933 m2/g to 2.1572 m2/g) of Na-Mt when modified with DMSO. The porosity increased from 1.74 (SMAT) to 1.87 nm (DMSO-SMAT) after the application of the methodology. Thermal analysis showed a thermal stability for the DMSO-SMAT material, and this was used to calculate the DMSO-SMAT formula of Na[Al5Mg]Si12O30(OH)6 · 0.54 DMSO. Statistical analysis showed that only the effect of the amount of DMSO was significant for increasing the interlayer space of DMSO-SMAT. In addition, at room temperature, the drying time of the sample using this methodology was 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Stoski
- Interfacial Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Guarapuava 85040-080, PR, Brazil;
| | - Bruno Rafael Machado
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (B.R.M.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Bruno Henrique Vilsinski
- Group of Biopolymeric Materials and Composites, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-110, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Edvani Curti Muniz
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (B.R.M.); (E.C.M.)
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil;
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Hu J, Chen K, Xiang M, Wei J, Zeng Y, Qin Y, Zhang L, Zhang W. A novel sponge composite of chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate-melamine for anionic dye Orange II removal. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132056. [PMID: 38704070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Since the potential carcinogenic, toxic and non-degradable dyes trigger serious environmental contamination by improper treatment, developing novel adsorbents remains a major challenge. A novel high efficiency and biopolymer-based environmental-friendly adsorbent, chitosan‑sodium tripolyphosphate-melamine sponge (CTS-STPP-MS) composite, was prepared for Orange II removing with chitosan as raw material, sodium tripolyphosphate as cross-linking agent. The composite was carefully characterized by SEM, EDS, FT-IR and XPS. The influence of crosslinking conditions, dosage, pH, initial concentration, contacting time and temperature on adsorption were tested through batch adsorption experiments. CTS-STPP-MS adsorption process was exothermic, spontaneous and agreed with Sips isotherm model accompanying the maximum adsorption capacity as 948 mg∙g-1 (pH = 3). Notably, the adsorption performance was outstanding for high concentration solutions, with a removal rate of 97 % in up to 2000 mg∙L-1 OII solution (100 mg sorbent dosage, 50 mL OII solution, pH = 3, 289.15 K). In addition, the adsorption efficiency yet remained 97.85 % after 5 repeated adsorption-desorption cycles. The driving force of adsorption was attributed to electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonds which was proved by adsorption results coupled with XPS. Owing to the excellent properties of high-effective, environmental-friendly, easy to separate and regenerable, CTS-STPP-MS composite turned out to be a promising adsorbent in contamination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Kexin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Minghan Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jianxiang Wei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yan Qin
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Lingfan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Research Center of Analysis and Test, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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Chamani F, Tanhaei B, Chenar MP. Innovative strategies for enhancing gas separation: Ionic liquid-coated PES membranes for improved CO 2/N 2 selectivity and permeance. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141179. [PMID: 38224753 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
As a cost-effective advancement in membrane technology, this study investigates the impact of PEG additive and CBT on the structural, stability, and gas permeance properties of PES-coated membranes, utilizing 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([DDMI][Cl] IL) as a carrier liquid. BET and FT-IR analyses highlight the significant enhancement in performance through the immobilization of pores with [DDMIM][Cl] IL. The investigation focuses on PES-M5-coated membranes, revealing excellent stability in finger-like pore structures prepared through direct immersion and nitrogen pressure immobilization. PES-M5-coated membranes with [DDMIM][Cl] IL via direct immersion experience lower weight loss than those coated using nitrogen pressure, with critical pressures at 1.4 and 1.25 bar, respectively. The study identifies PES-coated membranes, particularly PES-M25 (20.88 GPU) with macro-void pores and PES-M5 (29 GPU) with finger-like pores, exhibiting the highest CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 selectivity. As a cost-effective advancement in membrane technology, ionic liquids are employed in support membranes to enhance gas separation. Employing pure PES membranes with varying pore structures, created through the NIPS method, the study immobilizes [DDMI][Cl] IL in membrane pores through nitrogen pressure and direct immersion. Results underscore the successful application of porous support materials coated with ionic liquids for continuous CO2 and sulfur compound separation, showcasing competitive permeability and selectivity compared to traditional polymer membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Chamani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Tanhaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Pourafshari Chenar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Kashi E, Surip SN, Khadiran T, Nawawi WI, De Luna Y, Yaseen ZM, Jawad AH. High adsorptive performance of chitosan-microalgae-carbon-doped TiO 2 (kronos)/ salicylaldehyde for brilliant green dye adsorption: Optimization and mechanistic approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129147. [PMID: 38181921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A composite of chitosan biopolymer with microalgae and commercial carbon-doped titanium dioxide (kronos) was modified by grafting an aromatic aldehyde (salicylaldehyde) in a hydrothermal process for the removal of brilliant green (BG) dye. The resulting Schiff's base Chitosan-Microalgae-TiO2 kronos/Salicylaldehyde (CsMaTk/S) material was characterised using various analytical methods (conclusive of physical properties using BET surface analysis method, elemental analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS and point of zero charge). Box Behnken Design was utilised for the optimisation of the three input variables, i.e., adsorbent dose, pH of the media and contact time. The optimum conditions appointed by the optimisation process were further affirmed by the desirability test and employed in the equilibrium studies in batch mode and the results exhibited a better fit towards the pseudo-second-order kinetic model as well as Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 957.0 mg/g. Furthermore, the reusability study displayed the adsorptive performance of CsMaTk/S remains effective throughout five adsorption cycles. The possible interactions between the dye molecules and the surface of the adsorbent were derived based on the analyses performed and the electrostatic attractions, H-bonding, Yoshida-H bonding, π-π and n-π interactions are concluded to be the responsible forces in this adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Kashi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S N Surip
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tumirah Khadiran
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Izhan Nawawi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Yannis De Luna
- Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zaher Mundher Yaseen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Jawad
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq.
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Zhang T, He Y, Hu S, Ge J, Chen T, Shan H, Ji T, Yu D, Liu Q. Facile Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Activated Carbon Fiber Felts for Effective Adsorption of Dipropyl Sulfide. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:252. [PMID: 38257052 PMCID: PMC10820270 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) derived from various polymeric fibers with the characteristics of a high specific surface area, developed pore structure, and good flexibility are promising for the new generation of chemical protection clothing. In this paper, a polyacrylonitrile-based ACF felt was prepared via the process of liquid phase pre-oxidation, along with a one-step carbonization and chemical activation method. The obtained ACF felt exhibited a large specific surface area of 2219.48 m2/g and pore volume of 1.168 cm3/g, as well as abundant polar groups on the surface. Owing to the developed pore structure and elaborated surface chemical property, the ACF felt possessed an intriguing adsorption performance for a chemical warfare agent simulant dipropyl sulfide (DPS), with the highest adsorption capacity being 202.38 mg/g. The effects of the initial concentration of DPS and temperature on the adsorption performance of ACF felt were investigated. Meanwhile, a plausible adsorption mechanism was proposed based on the kinetic analysis and fitting of different adsorption isotherm models. The results demonstrated that the adsorption process of DPS onto ACF felt could be well fitted with a pseudo-second-order equation, indicating a synergistic effect of chemical adsorption and physical adsorption. We anticipate that this work could be helpful to the design and development of advanced ACF felts for the application of breathable chemical protection clothing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
| | - Yafang He
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
| | - Shiqi Hu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
| | - Jianlong Ge
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
| | - Tianye Chen
- Jiangsu Sutong Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd., Nantong 226005, China
| | - Haoru Shan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
| | - Tao Ji
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
| | - Decheng Yu
- Jiangsu Sutong Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd., Nantong 226005, China
| | - Qixia Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China (H.S.); (T.J.)
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Qian J, Su J, Zeng W, Wang Y, Hu Y, Kai G. Comparison of Salvianolic Acid A Adsorption by Phenylboronic-Acid-Functionalized Montmorillonites with Different Intercalators. Molecules 2023; 28:5244. [PMID: 37446905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its success in treating cardio-cerebrovascular illnesses, salvianolic acid A (SAA) from Salvia miltiorrhiza is of major importance for effective acquisition. For the adsorption of salvianolic acid, cationic polyelectrolytes, and amino-terminated silane intercalated with phenylboronic-acid-functionalized montmorillonites, known as phenylboronic-acid-functionalized montmorillonites with PEI (PMP) and phenylboronic-acid-functionalized montmorillonites with KH550 (PMK), respectively, were produced. In this paper, detailed comparisons of the SAA adsorption performance and morphology of two adsorbents were performed. PMP showed a higher adsorption efficiency (>88%) over a wide pH range. PMK showed less pH-dependent SAA adsorption with a faster adsorption kinetic fitting in a pseudo-second-order model. For both PMP and PMK, the SAA adsorption processes were endothermic. Additionally, it was clearer how temperature affected PMP adsorption. PMK has a higher adsorption selectivity. This study demonstrates how the type of intercalator can be seen to have an impact on adsorption behavior through various structural variations and offers an alternative suggestion for establishing a dependable method for the synthesis of functional montmorillonite from the intercalator's perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qian
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, China
| | - Jiajia Su
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, China
| | - Weihuan Zeng
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, China
| | - Yingyuan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, China
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Shi X, Gao L, Alzahrani E, Hong J, Alanazi AK, Abo-Dief HM, Li J, Xu BB, Algadi H, El-Bahy ZM, Guo Z. High adsorption performance for trace lead (II) cation from sewage by Fe/Cu metal organic nanosheets modified with terephthalic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138637. [PMID: 37030340 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A two-dimensional nanoflake (Fe/Cu-TPA) was prepared through a simple ultrasonic-centrifuge method. Fe/Cu-TPA has prominent performance on the removal of Pb2+ with low consistences. More than 99% lead (II) (Pb2+) was removed. The adsorption equipoise was established within 60 min for 50 mg L-1 Pb2+. Fe/Cu-TPA shows excellent regenerability with 19.04% decline of Pb2+ adsorption competence in 5 cycles. There are two models for Fe/Cu-TPA adsorption of Pb2+, pseudo-second-order dynamic model and Langmuir isotherm model, with a utmost adsorption competence of 213.56 mg g-1. This work offers a new candidate material for the industrial-grade Pb2+ adsorbents with promising application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Shi
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
| | - Lingshu Gao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Eman Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junmao Hong
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Abdullah K Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala M Abo-Dief
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Hassan Algadi
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeinhom M El-Bahy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
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Amaku JF, Taziwa R. Thermodynamics, kinetics and isothermal studies of tartrazine adsorption onto microcline/MWCNTs nanocomposite and the regeneration potentials. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9872. [PMID: 37337056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for a cheap, effective, and eco-friendly wastewater treatment technique that is free of secondary toxic byproducts, calls for the fabrication of a nature-friendly adsorbent with a robust capacity to decontaminate polluted water sources and be recycled. To this end, we report the fabrication of novel nanocomposite (KMCM) from microcline (KMC) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The adsorbents (KMC and KMCM) were characterized using XRD, BET, SEM, TGA and FTIR. The novel and low-cost nano sorbent were designed for the elimination of tartrazine (Tatz) from wastewater. The adsorption of Tatz onto KMC and KMCM was influenced by adsorbent dose, initial Tatz concentration, contact time and solution pH. Experimental data acquired from the equilibrium studies were well addressed by the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum uptake capacity of 37.96 mg g-1 and 67.17 mg g-1 were estimated for KMC and KMCM. The kinetics for the adsorption of Tatz onto KMC and KMCM was best expressed by pseudo-second-order and Elovich models. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the uptake of Tatz onto KMC and KMCM was an endothermic (ΔH: KMC = 35.0 kJ mol-1 and KMCM = 42.91 kJ mol-1), entropy-driven (ΔS: KMC = 177.6 J K-1 mol-1 and KMCM = 214.2 J K-1 mol-1) and spontaneous process. Meanwhile, KMCM demonstrated good reusability potential and superior adsorption efficiency when compared to other adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Friday Amaku
- Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Old King William Town Road, Potsdam Site, East London, 5200, South Africa.
| | - Raymond Taziwa
- Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Old King William Town Road, Potsdam Site, East London, 5200, South Africa
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Li S, Yan P, Mu B, Kang Y, Wang A. Preparation of Hybrid Nanopigments with Excellent Environmental Stability, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties Based on Monascus Red and Sepiolite by One-Step Grinding Process. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111792. [PMID: 37299695 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study is focused on the preparation, characterization, and multifunctional properties of intelligent hybrid nanopigments. The hybrid nanopigments with excellent environmental stability and antibacterial and antioxidant properties were fabricated based on natural Monascus red, surfactant, and sepiolite via a facile one-step grinding process. The density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the surfactants loaded on sepiolite were in favor of enhancing the electrostatic, coordination, and hydrogen bonding interactions between Monascus red and sepiolite. Thus, the obtained hybrid nanopigments exhibited excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, with an inhibition effect on Gram-positive bacteria that was superior to that of Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the scavenging activity on DPPH and hydroxyl free radicals as well as the reducing power of hybrid nanopigments were higher than those of hybrid nanopigments prepared without the addition of the surfactant. Inspired by nature, gas-sensitive reversible alochroic superamphiphobic coatings with excellent thermal and chemical stability were successfully designed by combining hybrid nanopigments and fluorinated polysiloxane. Therefore, intelligent multifunctional hybrid nanopigments have great application foreground in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shue Li
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Penji Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China
| | - Bin Mu
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuru Kang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Benhouria A, Zaghouane-Boudiaf H, Riadh B, Ferhat D, Hameed BH, Boutahala M. Cross-linked chitosan-epichlorohydrin/bentonite composite for reactive orange 16 dye removal: Experimental study and molecular dynamic simulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124786. [PMID: 37169046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan/bentonite beads (CsB) composites were prepared from chitosan (Cs) and bentonite (B) and cross-linked with epichlorohydrin for removal of reactive orange 16 (RO16) and methylene blue (MB). The adsorption results have shown that the (Cs20B80), 20 % wt of (Cs) and 80 % (B), was selected as the best adsorbent for (MB) and (RO16) dyes. SEM, EDX, FTIR, BET, and pHpzc were implemented to investigate the features of Cs, B, and Cs20B80 samples. The influence of contact time (0-72 h), initial RO16 concentration (15-300 mg/L), temperature (30, 40, and 50 °C), the quantity of adsorbent (1-4 g/L), ion strength (0.1-1 M), and solution pH (3-10) on RO16 adsorption onto Cs20B80 were explored. The pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir models fit adequately the adsorption kinetic results and the isotherms ones respectively. Also, the maximal monolayer capacities calculated using the non-linear form of the Langmuir isotherm are 55.27, 55.29, and 70.80 mg/g, at 30, 40 and 50 °C. Based to the statistical physics model, the RO16 could be retained on the surface of Cs20B80 through a non-parallel orientation. The RO16 adsorption process is endothermic and natural, as demonstrated by thermodynamic studies. After three regeneration cycles, the Cs20B80 composite has shown an adsorption capacity of around 20 % compared to the initial one. The adsorption energy of RO16 onto Cs, B, and Cs20B80 examined using the Monte Carlo simulation method (MC) ranged from -164.8 to -303.7 (kcal/mol), showing the potential of the three adsorbants for RO16 dye. Also, the process of adsorption of RO16 dye on the surface of Cs20B80 composite indicates several kinds of physical interactions, involving electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, this finding was proved theoretically via molecular dynamic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Benhouria
- Laboratoire de valorisation des matériaux (LVM), Université de Mostaganem, 27000 Mostaganem, Algeria.
| | - H Zaghouane-Boudiaf
- Laboratoire de génie des procédés chimiques (LGPC), Faculté de Technologie, Université Sétif-1, 19000 Sétif, Algeria
| | - Bourzami Riadh
- Research Unit on Emergent Materials, University of Ferhat Abbas Sétif-1, 19000, Setif, Algeria
| | - Djerboua Ferhat
- Laboratoire des matériaux polymériques et multiphasiques, Département de Génie des Procédés, Faculté de Technologie, Université Ferhat Abbas Setif-1, 19000 Sétif, Algeria
| | - B H Hameed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mokhtar Boutahala
- Laboratoire de génie des procédés chimiques (LGPC), Faculté de Technologie, Université Sétif-1, 19000 Sétif, Algeria
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11
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Ayati A, Tanhaei B, Beiki H, Krivoshapkin P, Krivoshapkina E, Tracey C. Insight into the adsorptive removal of ibuprofen using porous carbonaceous materials: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138241. [PMID: 36841446 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the removal of pharmaceuticals from aquatic bodies has garnered substantial attention from the scientific community. Ibuprofen (IBP), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is released into the environment in pharmaceutical waste as well as medical, hospital, and household effluents. Adsorption technology is a highly efficient approach to reduce the IBP in the aquatic environment, particularly at low IBP concentrations. Due to the exceptional surface properties of carbonaceous materials, they are considered ideal adsorbents for the IBP removal of, with high binding capacity. Given the importance of the topic, the adsorptive removal of IBP from effluent using various carbonaceous adsorbents, including activated carbon, biochar, graphene-based materials, and carbon nanostructures, has been compiled and critically reviewed. Furthermore, the adsorption behavior, binding mechanisms, the most effective parameters, thermodynamics, and regeneration methods as well as the cost analysis were comprehensively reviewed for modified and unmodified carbonaceous adsorbents. The compiled studies on the IBP adsorption shows that the IBP uptake of some carbon-based adsorbents is significantly than that of commercial activated carbons. In the future, much attention is needed for practical utilization and upscaling of the research findings to aid the management and sustainability of water resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ayati
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia.
| | - Bahareh Tanhaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - Hossein Beiki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - Pavel Krivoshapkin
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Elena Krivoshapkina
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Chantal Tracey
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
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12
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Xu Y, Gao L, Yang J, Yang Q, Peng W, Ding Z. Effective and Efficient Porous CeO 2 Adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 Adsorption. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2650. [PMID: 37048943 PMCID: PMC10095680 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A porous CeO2 was synthesized following the addition of guanidine carbonate to a Ce3+ aqueous solution, the subsequent addition of hydrogen peroxide and a final hydrothermal treatment. The optimal experimental parameters for the synthesis of porous CeO2, including the amounts of guanidine carbonate and hydrogen peroxide and the hydrothermal conditions, were determined by taking the adsorption efficiency of acid orange 7 (AO7) dye as the evaluation. A template-free hydrothermal strategy could avoid the use of soft or hard templates and the subsequent tedious procedures of eliminating templates, which aligned with the goals of energy conservation and emission reduction. Moreover, both the guanidine carbonate and hydrogen peroxide used in this work were accessible and eco-friendly raw materials. The porous CeO2 possessed rapid adsorption capacities for AO7 dye. When the initial concentration of AO7 was less than 130 mg/L, removal efficiencies greater than 90.0% were obtained, achieving a maximum value of 97.5% at [AO7] = 100 mg/L and [CeO2] = 2.0 g/L in the first 10 min of contact. Moreover, the adsorption-desorption equilibrium between the porous CeO2 adsorbent and the AO7 molecule was basically established within the first 30 min. The saturated adsorption amount of AO7 dye was 90.3 mg/g based on a Langmuir linear fitting of the experimental data. Moreover, the porous CeO2 could be recycled using a NaOH aqueous solution, and the adsorption efficiency of AO7 dye still remained above 92.5% after five cycles. This study provided an alternative porous adsorbent for the purification of dye wastewater, and a template-free hydrothermal strategy was developed to enable the design of CeO2-based catalysts or catalyst carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Xu
- Laboratory for Functional Materials, School of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614004, China
- Leshan West Silicon Materials Photovoltaic and New Energy Industry Technology Research Institute, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Liangjuan Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinyuan Yang
- Laboratory for Functional Materials, School of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614004, China
| | - Qingxiu Yang
- Laboratory for Functional Materials, School of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614004, China
| | - Wanxin Peng
- Laboratory for Functional Materials, School of New Energy Materials and Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614004, China
| | - Zhao Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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13
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Advancements in Clay Materials for Trace Level Determination and Remediation of Phenols from Wastewater: A Review. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide spread of phenols and their toxicity in the environment pose a severe threat to the existence and sustainability of living organisms. Rapid detection of these pollutants in wastewaters has attracted the attention of researchers from various fields of environmental science and engineering. Discoveries regarding materials and method developments are deemed necessary for the effective detection and remediation of wastewater. Although various advanced materials such as organic and inorganic materials have been developed, secondary pollution due to material leaching has become a major concern. Therefore, a natural-based material is preferable. Clay is one of the potential natural-based sorbents for the detection and remediation of phenols. It has a high porosity and polarity, good mechanical strength, moisture resistance, chemical and thermal stability, and cation exchange capacity, which will benefit the detection and adsorptive removal of phenols. Several attempts have been made to improve the capabilities of natural clay as sorbent. This manuscript will discuss the potential of clays as sorbents for the remediation of phenols. The activation, modification, and application of clays have been discussed. The achievements, challenges, and concluding remarks were provided.
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14
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Ranjbari S, Ayati A, Niknam Shahrak M, Tanhaei B, Hamidi Tabrizi S. Design of [BmIm] 3PW 12O 40 Ionic Liquid Encapsulated-ZIF-8 Nanocomposite for Cationic Dye Adsorptive Removal: Modeling by Response Surface Methodology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ranjbari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan94771-67335, Iran
| | - Ali Ayati
- ChemBio Cluster, ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova Street, Saint Petersburg191002, Russia
| | - Mahdi Niknam Shahrak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan94771-67335, Iran
| | - Bahareh Tanhaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan94771-67335, Iran
| | - Soheil Hamidi Tabrizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan94771-67335, Iran
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15
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Shahinpour A, Tanhaei B, Ayati A, Beiki H, Sillanpää M. Binary dyes adsorption onto novel designed magnetic clay-biopolymer hydrogel involves characterization and adsorption performance: Kinetic, equilibrium, thermodynamic, and adsorption mechanism. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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16
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El Mahmoudi S, Elmchaouri A, El kaimech A, Gil A. Optimization of the Pentachlorophenol Adsorption by Organo-Clays Based on Response Surface Methodology. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7169. [PMID: 36295237 PMCID: PMC9606915 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to optimize the adsorption of pentachlorophenol (PCP) using an organo-clay under the response surface methodology. The adsorbent was selected from a montmorillonite exchanged by various cations, such as Fe3+, Al3+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Na+, and modified by bromide cetyltrimethylammonium (CTAB) as surfactant. The obtained organo-montmorillonite was characterized using several techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption, performed at -196 °C. The results showed an increase in basal space from 1.65 to 1.88 nm and a decrease in the specific surface and pore volume, with an increase in pore diameter, including the presence of characteristic bands of -CH2- and -CH3- groups at 2926 and 2854 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum after the modification. The optimization of PCP removal by clay adsorbents is achieved using the response surface methodology (RSM) with a four-factor central composite model, including pH of solution, mass of adsorbent, contact time, and initial concentration. The results proved the validity of the regression model, wherein the adsorption capacity reaches its maximum value of 38 mg/g at a lower adsorbent mass of 20 mg, pH of 6, contact time (tc) of 5 h, and initial concentration of 8 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane El Mahmoudi
- INAMAT^2, Departamento de Ciencias, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Elmchaouri
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - Assya El kaimech
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - Antonio Gil
- INAMAT^2, Departamento de Ciencias, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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Soufi A, Hajjaoui H, Elmoubarki R, Abdennouri M, Bessbousse H, Barka N. Synthesis, design of experiments and optimization of heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of tartrazine by MgFe2O4 nano-catalyst. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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18
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Advanced Polymeric Nanocomposites for Water Treatment Applications: A Holistic Perspective. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122462. [PMID: 35746038 PMCID: PMC9231113 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Water pollution remains one of the greatest challenges in the modern era, and water treatment strategies have continually been improved to meet the increasing demand for safe water. In the last few decades, tremendous research has been carried out toward developing selective and efficient polymeric adsorbents and membranes. However, developing non-toxic, biocompatible, cost-effective, and efficient polymeric nanocomposites is still being explored. In polymer nanocomposites, nanofillers and/or nanoparticles are dispersed in polymeric matrices such as dendrimer, cellulose, resins, etc., to improve their mechanical, thermophysical, and physicochemical properties. Several techniques can be used to develop polymer nanocomposites, and the most prevalent methods include mixing, melt-mixing, in-situ polymerization, electrospinning, and selective laser sintering techniques. Emerging technologies for polymer nanocomposite development include selective laser sintering and microwave-assisted techniques, proffering solutions to aggregation challenges and other morphological defects. Available and emerging techniques aim to produce efficient, durable, and cost-effective polymer nanocomposites with uniform dispersion and minimal defects. Polymer nanocomposites are utilized as filtering membranes and adsorbents to remove chemical contaminants from aqueous media. This study covers the synthesis and usage of various polymeric nanocomposites in water treatment, as well as the major criteria that influence their performance, and highlights challenges and considerations for future research.
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Du J, Zhou A, Lin X, Bu Y. Adsorption mechanism of Pb 2+ in montmorillonite nanopore under various temperatures and concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112817. [PMID: 35092742 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of lead (Pb2+) onto the montmorillonite (Mt) surface is one of the key approaches to remove Pb2+ in geological and environmental engineering. Temperature and initial Pb2+ concentration are two essential factors that influence the adsorption capacity of Mt on absorbing Pb2+. However, the nanoscale governing mechanism of temperature and initial concentration on Pb2+ adsorbing of Mt is still unclear. This research performed comprehensively molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate how temperature and initial concentration affect the dynamic Pb2+ adsorption of Mt nanopore. The Pb2+ removal ratio shows a two-stage variation with the increase of initial Pb2+ concentration. Temperature controls the maximum initial Pb2+ concentration for complete Pb2+ removal by changing the maximum adsorption energy of Mt. Temperature also influences the maximum adsorption capacity and Pb2+ removal ratio of Mt nanopore indirectly by changing diffusion and hydration state of Pb2+. The initial Pb2+ concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption energy coincides with the maximum initial Pb2+ concentration determined by the Pb2+ removal ratio. Lower adsorption energy and higher level of hydration and diffusion make Pb2+ absorbing on Mt surface become more difficult, reducing the Pb2+ adsorbing capacity of Mt. The initial Pb2+ concentration influences adsorption capacity and Pb2+ removal ratio not only via altering the quantity of Pb2+ but also through controlling the adsorption energy of Mt, as well as the diffusion and hydration state of Pb2+. With the increase of initial Pb2+ concentration, the hydration of Pb2+ is weakened while the adsorption energy of Mt and diffusion of Pb2+ are enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Du
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Annan Zhou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia.
| | - Xiaoshan Lin
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Yuhuan Bu
- College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
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Preparation of Ca- and Na-Modified Activated Clay as a Promising Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production via Transesterification. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
For efficient biodiesel production, an acid-activated clay (AC) modified by calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide (CaNa/AC) was prepared as a catalyst. CaNa/AC and Na/AC were characterized by Hammett indicators, CO2-TPD, FT-IR, XRD, and N2 adsorption techniques. The influence of catalyst dose, reaction temperature, methanol/oil molar ratio, and reaction time on the transesterification of Jatropha oil was studied. Due to the introduction of calcium, CaNa/AC displayed a higher activity and stability, thereby achieving an oil conversion of 97% under the optimal reaction conditions and maintaining over 80% activity after five successive reuses. The reaction was accelerated as the temperature rose, and the apparent activation energy of CaNa/AC was 75.6 kJ·mol−1. The enhanced biodiesel production by CaNa/AC was ascribed to the increase in active sites and higher basic strength. This study presents a facile and practical method for producing biodiesel on large-scale operation.
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