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Ren X, Li P, He X, Zhang Q. Tracing the sources and evaporation fate of surface water and groundwater using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172708. [PMID: 38677416 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Recognizing the origins and movement processes of surface water and groundwater is crucial for understanding hydrochemical genesis, conserving water supplies, and managing water resources. Estimating the source water typically involves identifying the intersection of evaporation line (EL) and meteoric water line. However, there is currently confusion in determining the regional EL and selecting strategies for estimating the source water. This study aimed to explore the source of surface water and groundwater, as well as evaporation effect utilizing stable isotope tracing (δ2H and δ18O). The line-conditioned excess was adopted to differentiate evaporated water and non-evaporated water, then Craig-Gordon model and an analytical framework with Bayesian theory were used to investigate the source of surface water and groundwater and the evaporation influence. The findings revealed that surface water and groundwater in the northern region of the Weihe River suffered more sever evaporation impacts that the south, and the evaporated surface water (7.54 % to 27.34 %) with a wider range of mean evaporation ratio than evaporated groundwater (5.38 % to 8.52 %). Monsoon precipitation is the main contributor to both surface water (contribution ratio: 0.46) and groundwater (0.49) sources. This research provides specific information on evaporation and detailed insights into the source water of surface water and groundwater, aiding in understanding the evaporation effect during the hydrological cycle and facilitating the management of regional water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Ren
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiyue Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaodong He
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qixiao Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210098, China
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Dao PU, Heuzard AG, Le TXH, Zhao J, Yin R, Shang C, Fan C. The impacts of climate change on groundwater quality: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169241. [PMID: 38072271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater has been known as the second largest freshwater storage in the world, following surface water. Over the years, groundwater has already been under overwhelming pressure to satisfy human needs for artificial activities around the world. Meanwhile, the most noticeable footprint of human activities is the impact of climate change. Climate change has the potential to change the physical and chemical properties of groundwater, thereby affecting its ecological functions. This study summarizes existing research affiliated with the possible effects of a changing climate on the quality of groundwater, including changes in water availability, increased salinity and pollution from extreme weather events, and the potentiality of seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers. Previous works dealing with groundwater-induced responses to the climate system and climate impacts on groundwater quality through natural and anthropogenic processes have been reviewed. The climate-induced changes in groundwater quality including pH, dissolved oxygen level, salinity, and concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds were assessed. Some future research directions are proposed, including exploring the potential changes in the occurrences and fate of micropollutants in groundwater, examining the relationship between the increase of microcystin in groundwater and climate change, studying the changes in the stability of metals and metal complexation, and completing studies across different regional climate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Uyen Dao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Arnaud Guillaume Heuzard
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Thi Xuan Hoa Le
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chii Shang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chihhao Fan
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Li L, Cao X, Wu P, Bu C, Ren Y, Li K. Spatio-temporal characterization of dissolved organic matter in karst rivers disturbed by acid mine drainage and its correlation with metal ions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165434. [PMID: 37433340 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is widely present in surface water environments and plays a critical role in the biogeochemical cycling of metal ions. Metal ions in acid mine drainage (AMD) have seriously polluted karst surface water environments, but few studies have explored interactions between DOM and metal ions in AMD-disturbed karst rivers. Here, the composition and sources of DOM in AMD-disturbed karst rivers were investigated by fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis. In addition, correlations between metal ions and other factors (DOM components, total dissolved carbon (TDC) and pH) were determined using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that there were evident differences in the seasonal distribution of TDC and metal ion concentrations in AMD-disturbed karst rivers. The concentrations of DOC, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and metal ions were generally higher in the dry season than in the wet season, with Fe and Mn pollution being the most pronounced. The DOM in AMD contained two types of protein-like substances that were mainly from autochthonous inputs, while DOM in AMD-disturbed karst rivers contained two additional types of humic-like substances from both autochthonous and allochthonous inputs. The SEM results showed that the influence of DOM components on the distribution of metal ions was greater than that of TDC and pH. Among the DOM components, the influence of humic-like substances was greater than that of protein-like substances. Additionally, DOM and TDC had direct positive effects on metal ions, while pH had a direct negative effect on these. These results further elucidated the geochemical interactions between DOM and metal ions in AMD-disturbed karst rivers, which will assist in the pollution prevention of metal ions in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xingxing Cao
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Chujie Bu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yeye Ren
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Cao X, He W, Fan M, He W, Shi Y, An T, Chen X, Zhang Z, Liu F, Zhao Y, Zhou P, Chen C, He J. Novel insights into source apportionment of dissolved organic matter in aquifer affected by anthropogenic groundwater recharge: Applicability of end-member mixing analysis based optical indices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160885. [PMID: 36526179 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The composition and main sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater may change significantly under long-term anthropogenic groundwater recharge (AGR); however, the impact of AGR on quantitative sources of groundwater DOM has seldom been reported. This study evaluated the applicability of optical indices combined with mixing stable isotope analysis in R (MixSIAR) in end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) of groundwater DOM. Fluorescent indices, including C1%, C2%, and C3%, were more sensitive to AGR than other absorbance indices, as indicated by the significant difference between the dominant area of artificial groundwater recharged by surface water and the dominant area of natural groundwater recharged by atmospheric precipitation (NGRP). BIX-C1% was selected as the optimal dual index after the screening protocol of groundwater DOM for EMMA. Our results showed that DOM in the aquifer was mainly subject to autochthonous DOM and the contribution of background groundwater to AGRSW and NGRP groundwater accounted for 36.15% ± 32.41% and 55.46% ± 37.17% (p < 0.05), respectively. Therefore, AGR significantly changed the native DOM in the groundwater. In allochthonous sources of DOM, sewage and surface water contributed 29.54% ± 24.87% and 21.32% ± 28.08%, and 24.79% ± 15.56% and 15.21% ± 14.20% to AGRSW and NGRP groundwater, respectively. The contribution of surface water to AGRSW groundwater was significantly higher than that to NGRP groundwater (p < 0.05), indicating that AGR introduced significantly more DOM from surface water to groundwater. This study provides novel insights into the quantitative source apportionment of DOM in groundwater under long-term AGR, which will facilitate the environmental risk assessment of present AGR measures and the sustainable management of clean water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei He
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environment Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Mengqing Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environment Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Tongyan An
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environment Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhanhao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cuibai Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiangtao He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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Liu D, Hao Y, Gao H, Yu H, Li Q. Applying synchronous fluorescence spectra with Gaussian band fitting and two-dimensional correlation to characterize structural composition of DOM from soils in an aquatic-terrestrial ecotone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160081. [PMID: 36372163 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM), the primary participant of carbon and nitrogen cycle, has a great impact on the behavior and fate of organic pollutants and heavy metals in eutrophic lakes. The dynamic spectral properties of DOM fractions were revealed in an aquatic-terrestrial ecotone under the different types of land use. Composite soil samples of different depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) were collected from four different land uses along a disturbed-impact gradient in Taihu Lake, China, i.e., grassland (GRL), forest land (FOL), paddy field (PAF), and vegetable field (VEF). DOM mainly consisted of tyrosine-like material (TYLF), tryptophan-like material (TRLF), microbial humic-like material (MHLF), fulvic-like material (FLF) and humic-like material (HLF) within all soil profiles, where TRLF was the dominant component (61.30 %) using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) combined with principal component analysis and Gaussian band fitting. Based on two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy with SFS and Fourier transform infrared, the variation order of DOM fractions was FLF → MHLF → HLF → TRLF → TYLF within the GRL soil profile, and MHLF exhibited an oppositive change with aliphatic OH and amide I in protein. The order of DOM fractions was MHLF → FLF → HLF → TYLF → TRLF within the FOL soil profile, and the change trend of MHLF remained oppositive with aliphatic OH and CO in ester. The order of DOM within the PAF soil profile fractions was TRLF → MHLF → HLF → TYLF → FLF, and changing trends of TYLF were oppositive to aliphatic OH, CH bending vibration, CH bending vibration and CO in ester. The order of DOM fractions was HLF → TYLF → TRLF → FLF → MHLF within the VEF soil profile, where the changing trend TYLF remained oppositive to aliphatic OH, CH deformations in lignin and aliphatic group and amide I in protein. This study may provide important support for alleviating lake water eutrophication or pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Ningxia Environmental Science Research Institute Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Hongjie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Huibin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Qingqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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Zhang W, Huang W, Tan J, Huang D, Ma J, Wu B. Modeling, optimization and understanding of adsorption process for pollutant removal via machine learning: Recent progress and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137044. [PMID: 36330979 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to reduce the concentration of pollutants in water environment to below safe levels. Some cost-effective pollutant removal technologies have been developed, among which adsorption technology is considered as a promising solution. However, the batch experiments and adsorption isotherms widely employed at present are inefficient and time-consuming to some extent, which limits the development of adsorption technology. As a new research paradigm, machine learning (ML) is expected to innovate traditional adsorption models. This reviews summarized the general workflow of ML and commonly employed ML algorithms for pollutant adsorption. Then, the latest progress of ML for pollutant adsorption was reviewed from the perspective of all-round regulation of adsorption process, including adsorption efficiency, operating conditions and adsorption mechanism. General guidelines of ML for pollutant adsorption were presented. Finally, the existing problems and future perspectives of ML for pollutant adsorption were put forward. We highly expect that this review will promote the application of ML in pollutant adsorption and improve the interpretability of ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenguang Huang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PR China, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Tan
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PR China, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Huang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PR China, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PR China, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingdang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Suzhou Sponge City Technology, Suzhou, 215002, People's Republic of China.
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He S, Han Z, Li H, Wang J, Guo N, Wu Y. Influence of dissolved organic matter and heavy metals on the utilization of soil-like material mined from different types of MSW landfills. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 153:312-322. [PMID: 36181741 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil-like material (SLM) mined from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills can be used as nursery cultivation soil, landfill cover, and as a building material. However, SLM utilization is restrained by heavy metal (HM) contents whose speciation and migration are influenced by their dissolved organic matter (DOM) content. Therefore, the properties of aged refuse and the correlation between DOM and HM forms were studied using samples from different types of MSW landfills. The dominant components of aged refuse were SLM (18.80%-83.51%) and plastics (11.17%-65.51%). The moisture, organic matter, and pH ranged from 29.55% to 57.92%, 15.70%-57.68%, and 7.84-8.51, respectively. The Zn content was highest (455.48-1379.27 mg/kg) in the SLM, followed by Cu (96.29-428.90 mg/kg), Cr (49.10-236.21 mg/kg), Pb (53.52-222.71 mg/kg), and Ni (20.92-39.10 mg/kg). The SLM cannot be used for agriculture because the HM contamination exceeds the multiple of 0.07-7.99. Zinc in the acid-soluble state and reducible state had the highest mobility in SLM. However, Cu and Pb, mainly in the oxidizable state, and Cr and Ni, in the oxidizable and residual states, were relatively stable. In the sanitary and simple MSW landfills, the average proportion of protein-like materials decreased from 84.44% to 82.61% and from 65.58% to 55.94%, respectively, as the landfill depth increased. Both the acid-soluble and oxidizable HM states and all forms of Zn in the SLM were significantly positively correlated with tyrosine-like materials (r = 0.58*-0.87**). Protein-like materials may enhance the mobility of HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; College of Ecology and Environment (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Zhiyong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; College of Ecology and Environment (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Hao Li
- College of Ecology and Environment (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; Sichaun Institute of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; College of Ecology and Environment (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Nanfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China; College of Ecology and Environment (Chengdu University of Technology), Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yayan Wu
- Chengdu XingRong Environmental Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610108, China
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Bai M, Zhang C, Bai Y, Wang T, Qu S, Qi H, Zhang M, Tan C, Zhang C. Occurrence and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water of Self-Supplied Wells in Northern China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912517. [PMID: 36231814 PMCID: PMC9566312 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Self-supplied wells, an important water resource in remote and scattered regions, are commonly deteriorated by environmental pollution and human activity. In this study, 156 self-supplied well-water samples were collected from remote and scattered areas of Inner Mongolia (NMG), Heilongjiang (HLJ), and the suburbs of Beijing (BJ) in Northern China. Twenty-four heavy metals were identified by using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and the associated human health risks were assessed by using standards of the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). The concentrations of four heavy metals (As, Fe, Mn, and Tl) in HLJ, one heavy metal (Tl) in BJ, and ten heavy metals (Al, As, B, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Tl, and Zn) in NMG exceeded the limits set by China or the World Health Organization (WHO). The total carcinogenic risk (TCR) and total non-carcinogenic risk (THQ) exceeding set limits mainly occurred in NMG, compared to HLJ and BJ. Moreover, As accounted for 97.87% and 60.06% of the TCR in HLJ and BJ, respectively, while Cr accounted for 70.83% of the TCR in NMG. The TCR caused by Cd in all three areas had a negligible hazard (<10-4). As accounted for 51.11%, 32.96%, and 40.88% of the THQ in HLJ, BJ, and NMG, respectively. According to the results of the principal component analysis, heavy metals in well water from HLJ and NMG mainly originated from mixed natural processes and anthropogenic sources, whereas, in BJ, most heavy metals probably originated from natural sources. In the future, long-term monitoring of heavy metals in water from self-supplied wells should be conducted for an extensive range of well-water sites, and well water with high As contamination should be monitored more and fully assessed before being used as a drinking-water source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Bai
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yuchao Bai
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shaojuan Qu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hongjuan Qi
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Minglu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chaohong Tan
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Chuanfu Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, China
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Chow ATS, Ulus Y, Huang G, Kline MA, Cheah WY. Challenges in quantifying and characterizing dissolved organic carbon: Sampling, isolation, storage, and analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2022; 51:837-871. [PMID: 35899915 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advancements in analytical techniques, there are still great challenges and difficulties in accurately and effectively quantifying and characterizing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in environmental samples. The objectives of this review paper are (a) to understand the roles and variability of DOC along the water continuum; (b) to identify the constraints, inconsistences, limitations, and artifacts in DOC characterization; and (c) to provide recommendations and remarks to improve the analytical accuracy. For the first objective, we summarize the four ecological and engineering roles of DOC along the water continuum from source water to municipal utility, including nutrients and energy sources, controlling the fates of micropollutants, buffering capacity, and treatability and precursors of disinfection byproducts. We also discuss three major challenges in DOC analysis, including spatial and temporal variations, degradability and stability, and unknown structures and formulas. For the second objective, we review the procedures and steps in DOC analysis, including sampling in diverse environmental matrices, isolation of DOC fraction, storage and preservation techniques, and analyses on bulk chemical characteristics. We list and discuss the available options and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each choice. Last, we provide recommendations and remarks for each stage: sampling, isolation, storage, and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Tat-Shing Chow
- Biogeochemistry & Environmental Quality Research Group, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology & Forest Science, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Yener Ulus
- Biogeochemistry & Environmental Quality Research Group, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Guocheng Huang
- Dep. of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou Univ., Minhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Michael Alan Kline
- Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology & Forest Science, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Wing-Yee Cheah
- Biogeochemistry & Environmental Quality Research Group, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology & Forest Science, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
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