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Ma Y, Shang X, Zhang Y, Chen W, Gao Y, Guo J, Zheng H, Xing B. Co-pyrolysis of alkali-fused fly ash and corn stover to synthesize biochar composites for remediating lead-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118938. [PMID: 38649014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Fly ash (FA) is mainly composed of silica, alumina, and other metal oxide components, and has a positive stabilizing effect on soil heavy metals. Biochar composites produced from FA and corn stover (CS) can improve its remediation performance. Therefore, a batch of biochar composites (alkali-fused FA-CS biochars, ABs), synthesized via co-pyrolysis of CS and alkali-fused FA (AFFA) at different temperatures of 300, 500, and 700 °C (AB300-1, AB500-1, and AB700-1) and CS to AFFA mass ratios of 10:1, 10:2, and 10:5 (AB500-1, AB500-2, and AB500-5), was used to remediate lead (Pb)-contaminated soil. Compared with pristine biochars (BCs), ABs were enriched with oxygen-containing functional groups (Si-O-Si and Si-O) and aromatic structures. The ABs prepared at lower pyrolytic temperature (≤500 °C) and lower ratio of CS to AFFA (10:1) showed higher yield and stability. The contents of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)-extractable Pb and DTPA-CaCl2-triethanolamine (DTPA)-extractable Pb were generally lower in the soils amended with ABs than BCs. Compared with other ABs such as AB300-1, AB500-2, AB500-5, and AB700-1, the soil amended with AB500-1 had lower contents of TCLP and DTPA-extractable Pb (24% reduction), exhibiting superior performance in stabilizing Pb in the soil. The gradual decrease of DTPA-extractable Pb content in the soil with increasing dosage of AB500-1 amendments suggests that AB500-1 facilitated the conversion of bioavailable Pb to the stable and less toxic residual fractions. Specifically, the highest percentage of residual fraction of Pb in soil amended with AB500-1 was 14%. Correlation analyses showed that the soil DTPA-extractable Pb content decreased with the increase of soil pH and cation-exchange capacity (CEC) value. ABs stabilize Pb in the soils mainly via electrostatic attraction, precipitation, cation-π interaction, cation exchange, and complexation. These findings provide insights for producing functionalized biochar composites from industrial waste like FA and biomass waste for remediating the soils polluted by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R., Jiangsu, 210014, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiufang Shang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China; Zhejiang Environmental Science Research Institute Co. Ltd, Zhejiang, 310007, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R., Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R., Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Jianda Guo
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research, State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing, 100041, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Gholizadeh M, Meca S, Zhang S, Clarens F, Hu X. Understanding the dependence of biochar properties on different types of biomass. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 182:142-163. [PMID: 38653043 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the diversity of biomasses and many variables in pyrolysis process, the property of biochar from varied biomass feedstock or even same biomass could differ significantly. Since the property of biochar governs the further application of biochar, this review paid particular attention to the correlation between the nature of biomass feedstock and the specifications of biochar in terms of yield, elemental composition, pH, functionalities, heating value, pore structures, morphologies, etc. The property of the biochar from the pyrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, woody biomass (pine, mallee, poplar, acacia, oak, eucalyptus and beech), bark of woody biomass, leaves of woody biomass, straw, algae, fruit peels, tea waste was compared and summarized. In addition, the differences of the biochar of these varied origins were also analyzed. The remaining questions, about the correlation of biomass nature with biochar characteristics, to be further investigated are analyzed in detail. The deduced information about the relationship of the nature of biochar and biomass feedstock as well as key pyrolysis parameters is of importance for further development of the methods for tailoring or production of the biochar of desirable properties. The results from this study could be interesting technically and commercially for the technology developer using biochar as the source of carbon in different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mortaza Gholizadeh
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Waste, Energy and Environmental Impact Unit, Plaça de la Ciència, 2, 08243 Manresa, Spain
| | - Sandra Meca
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Waste, Energy and Environmental Impact Unit, Plaça de la Ciència, 2, 08243 Manresa, Spain
| | - Shu Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Frederic Clarens
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Waste, Energy and Environmental Impact Unit, Plaça de la Ciència, 2, 08243 Manresa, Spain
| | - Xun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Chen L, Yang X, Huang F, Zhu X, Wang Z, Sun S, Dong F, Qiu T, Zeng Y, Fang L. Unveiling biochar potential to promote safe crop production in toxic metal(loid) contaminated soil: A meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124309. [PMID: 38838809 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Biochar application emerges as a promising and sustainable solution for the remediation of soils contaminated with potentially toxic metal(loid)s (PTMs), yet its potential to reduce PTM accumulation in crops remains to be fully elucidated. In our study, a hierarchical meta-analysis based on 276 research articles was conducted to quantify the effects of biochar application on crop growth and PTM accumulation. Meanwhile, a machine learning approach was developed to identify the major contributing features. Our findings revealed that biochar application significantly enhanced crop growth, and reduced PTM concentrations in crop tissues, showing a decrease trend of grains (36.1%, 33.6 to 38.6%) > shoots (31.1%, 29.3 to 32.8%) > roots (27.5%, 25.7 to 29.2%). Furthermore, biochar modifications were found to amplify its remediation potential in PTM-contaminated soils. Biochar application was observed to provide favorable conditions for reducing PTM uptake by crops, primarily through decreasing available PTM concentrations and improving overall soil quality. Employing machine learning techniques, we identified biochar properties, such as surface area and C content as a key factor in decreasing PTM bioavailability in soil-crop systems. Furthermore, our study indicated that biochar application could reduce probabilistic health risks associated with of the presence of PTMs in crop grains, thereby contributing to human health protection. These findings highlighted the essential role of biochar in remediating PTM-contaminated lands and offered guidelines for enhancing safe crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Fengyu Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Shiyong Sun
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Faqin Dong
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Duan S, Al-Huqail AA, Alsudays IM, Younas M, Aslam A, Shahzad AN, Qayyum MF, Rizwan M, Alhaj Hamoud Y, Shaghaleh H, Hong Yong JW. Effects of biochar types on seed germination, growth, chlorophyll contents, grain yield, sodium, and potassium uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:487. [PMID: 38824521 PMCID: PMC11143699 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a significant challenge in agriculture, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions such as Pakistan, leading to soil degradation and reduced crop yields. The present study assessed the impact of different salinity levels (0, 25, and 50 mmol NaCl) and biochar treatments (control, wheat-straw biochar, rice-husk biochar, and sawdust biochar applied @ 1% w/w) on the germination and growth performance of wheat. Two experiments: a germination study and a pot experiment (grown up to maturity), were performed. The results showed that NaCl-stress negatively impacted the germination parameters, grain, and straw yield, and agronomic and soil parameters. Biochar treatments restored these parameters compared to control (no biochar), but the effects were inconsistent across NaCl levels. Among the different biochars, wheat-straw biochar performed better than rice-husk and sawdust-derived biochar regarding germination and agronomic parameters. Biochar application notably increased soil pHs and electrical conductivity (ECe). Imposing NaCl stress reduced K concentrations in the wheat shoot and grains with concomitant higher Na concentrations in both parts. Parameters like foliar chlorophyll content (a, b, and total), stomatal and sub-stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were also positively influenced by biochar addition. The study confirmed that biochar, particularly wheat-straw biochar, effectively mitigated the adverse effects of soil salinity, enhancing both soil quality and wheat growth. The study highlighted that biochar application can minimize the negative effects of salinity stress on wheat. Specifically, the types and dosages of biochar have to be optimized for different salinity levels under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Duan
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou City, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mobeen Younas
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Alishba Aslam
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Naeem Shahzad
- Institute of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hiba Shaghaleh
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, 23456, Sweden.
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Wu J, Fu X, Zhao L, Lv J, Lv S, Shang J, Lv J, Du S, Guo H, Ma F. Biochar as a partner of plants and beneficial microorganisms to assist in-situ bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171442. [PMID: 38453085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Synergistic remediation of heavy metal (HM) contaminated soil using beneficial microorganisms (BM) and plants is a common and effective in situ bioremediation method. However, the shortcomings of this approach are the low colonisation of BM under high levels of heavy metal stress (HMS) and the poor state of plant growth. Previous studies have overlooked the potential of biochar to mitigate the above problems and aid in-situ remediation. Therefore, this paper describes the characteristics and physicochemical properties of biochar. It is proposed that biochar enhances plant resistance to HMS and aids in situ bioremediation by increasing colonisation of BM and HM stability. On this basis, the paper focuses on the following possible mechanisms: specific biochar-derived organic matter regulates the transport of HMs in plants and promotes mycorrhizal colonisation via the abscisic acid signalling pathway and the karrikin signalling pathway; promotes the growth-promoting pathway of indole-3-acetic acid and increases expression of the nodule-initiating gene NIN; improvement of soil HM stability by ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption, redox and complex precipitation mechanisms. And this paper summarizes guidelines on how to use biochar-assisted remediation based on current research for reference. Finally, the paper identifies research gaps in biochar in the direction of promoting beneficial microbial symbiotic mechanisms, recognition and function of organic molecules, and factors affecting practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Wu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Xiaofan Fu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jin Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Sidi Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jiaxuan Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Shuxuan Du
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Haijuan Guo
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhu Y, An M, Anwar T, Wang H. Differences in soil bacterial community structure during the remediation of Cd-polluted cotton fields by biochar and biofertilizer in Xinjiang, China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1288526. [PMID: 38404600 PMCID: PMC10884324 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1288526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heavy metal pollution is a major worldwide environmental problem. Many remediation techniques have been developed, these techniques have different performance in different environments. Methods In this study, soil sampling was conducted in multiple cotton fields in Xinjiang, China, and found that cadmium (Cd) was the most abundant soil heavy metal. Then, to find the most suitable technique for the remediation of Cd pollution in cotton fields, a two-year study was conducted to explore the effects of cotton straw-derived biochar (BC, 3%) and Bacillus-based biofertilizer (BF, 1.5%) on cotton Cd uptake and transport and soil microbial community structure under Cd exposure conditions (soil Cd contents: 1, 2, and 4 mg·kg-1). Results The results showed that the bioaccumulation coefficients (Cd content of cotton organs / soil available Cd content) of cotton roots, stems, leaves, and buds/bolls reduced by 15.93%, 14.41%, 23.53%, and 20.68%, respectively after the application of BC, and reduced by 16.83%, 17.15%, 22.21%, and 26.25%, respectively after the application of BF, compared with the control (no BC and BF). Besides, the application of BC and BF reduced the transport of Cd from soil to root system, and enhanced the diversity of soil bacterial communities (dominant species: Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria) and the metabolic functions related to amino acid synthesis. It was worth noting that the differential species for BF group vs BC group including Alphaproteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacilli, and Vicinamibacteria were associated with the enrichment and transport of Cd, especially the transport of Cd from cotton roots to stems. Discussion Therefore, the application of BC and BF changed the soil bacterial diversity in Cd-polluted cotton field, and then promoted the transport of Cd in cotton, ultimately improving soil quality. This study will provide a reference for the selection of soil heavy metal pollution remediation techniques in Xinjiang, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengjie An
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tumur Anwar
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haijiang Wang
- Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Maqbool Z, Shahbaz Farooq M, Rafiq A, Uzair M, Yousuf M, Ramzan Khan M, Huo S. Unlocking the potential of biochar in the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals for sustainable agriculture. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23257. [PMID: 38310926 DOI: 10.1071/fp23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) impose a threat to the environmental and to human health. Amendment with biochar could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective option to decrease HMs in contaminated soil. This paper reviews the application of biochar as a soil amendment to immobilise HMs in contaminated soil. We discuss the technologies of its preparation, their specific properties, and effect on the bioavailability of HMs. Biochar stabilises HMs in contaminated soil, enhance the overall quality of the contaminated soil, and significantly reduce HM uptake by plants, making it an option in soil remediation for HM contamination. Biochar enhances the physical (e.g. bulk density, soil structure, water holding capacity), chemical (e.g. cation exchange capacity, pH, nutrient availability, ion exchange, complexes), and biological properties (e.g. microbial abundance, enzymatic activities) of contaminated soil. Biochar also enhances soil fertility, improves plant growth, and reduces the plant availability of HMs. Various field studies have shown that biochar application reduces the bioavailability of HMs from contaminated soil while increasing crop yield. The review highlights the positive effects of biochar by reducing HM bioavailability in contaminated soils. Future work is recommended to ensure that biochars offer a safe and sustainable solution to remediate soils contaminated with HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubaira Maqbool
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; and Department of Soil Science and Environmental Science, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz Farooq
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; and Rice Research Program, Crop Sciences Institute (CSI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Anum Rafiq
- Institute Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousuf
- Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC), G5, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shuhao Huo
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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Ahmed T, Noman M, Qi Y, Xu S, Yao Y, Masood HA, Manzoor N, Rizwan M, Li B, Qi X. Dynamic crosstalk between silicon nanomaterials and potentially toxic trace elements in plant-soil systems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115422. [PMID: 37660529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soil pollution with potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) has emerged as a significant environmental concern, jeopardizing food safety and human health. Although, conventional remediation approaches have been used for PTEs-contaminated soils treatment; however, these techniques are toxic, expensive, harmful to human health, and can lead to environmental contamination. Nano-enabled agriculture has gained significant attention as a sustainable approach to improve crop production and food security. Silicon nanomaterials (SiNMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for PTEs-contaminated soils remediation. SiNMs have unique characteristics, such as higher chemical reactivity, higher stability, greater surface area to volume ratio and smaller size that make them effective in removing PTEs from the environment. The review discusses the recent advancements and developments in SiNMs for the sustainable remediation of PTEs in agricultural soils. The article covers various synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and the potential mechanisms of SiNMs to alleviate PTEs toxicity in plant-soil systems. Additionally, we highlight the potential benefits and limitations of SiNMs and discusses future directions for research and development. Overall, the use of SiNMs for PTEs remediation offers a sustainable platform for the protection of agricultural soils and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temoor Ahmed
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yetong Qi
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | | | - Yanlai Yao
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Hafiza Ayesha Masood
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Natasha Manzoor
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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Martín-Franco C, Sánchez JT, Alvarenga P, Peña D, Fernández-Rodríguez D, Vicente LA, Albarrán Á, López-Piñeiro A. Effects of fresh and field-aged holm-oak biochar on As, Cd and Pb bioaccumulation in different rice growing environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 887:164012. [PMID: 37169192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, Cd, and Pb environmental fate is influenced when the traditional permanent flooding rice production systems are replaced by water-saving and soil conservation practices, urging for additional strategies that avoid their bioaccumulation in rice grain. The aim of this two-years field study was to evaluate the effects of fresh and field-aged biochar on As, Cd, and Pb bioaccumulation, and on As speciation, in rice grain produced in different growing environments (flooding versus sprinkler and conventional tillage versus direct seeding). Biochar produced from holm-oak pruning residues (pyrolysis at 550 °C, 48 h), in a single application (28 Mg ha-1), reduced As bioaccumulation in rice grain in the permanent flooding system to non-quantifiable concentrations (e.g., from 0.178 mg kg-1 to <0.04 mg kg-1, for inorganic-As, respectively), an effect which remained under field-aging conditions, increasing rice commercial value. When adopting sprinkler irrigation, the undesirable increase in Cd bioaccumulation in rice, relatively to the anaerobic system, was counteracted by biochar application, reducing its bioaccumulation in kernels between 32 and 80 %, allowing a simultaneous control of metals and metalloids bioaccumulation in rice. The bioaccumulation of Pb was also prevented with biochar application, with a reduction in its concentration four- to 13-times, in all the management systems, relatively to the non-amended plots, under fresh biochar effects. However, Pb immobilization decreased with biochar field-aging, indicating that the biochar application may have to be repeated to maintain the same beneficial effect. Therefore, the present study shows that the implementation of sprinkler irrigation with holm-oak biochar could reduce the risk of heavy metals(loids) bioaccumulation in rice grains and, thereby, ensuring food safety aspects, particularly under fresh biochar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Martín-Franco
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jaime Terrón Sánchez
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Paula Alvarenga
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - David Peña
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias- IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra de Cáceres, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Damián Fernández-Rodríguez
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Luis Andrés Vicente
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ángel Albarrán
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Piñeiro
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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Biochar as a Green Sorbent for Remediation of Polluted Soils and Associated Toxicity Risks: A Critical Review. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil contamination with organic contaminants and various heavy metals has become a global environmental concern. Biochar application for the remediation of polluted soils may render a novel solution to soil contamination issues. However, the complexity of the decontaminating mechanisms and the real environment significantly influences the preparation and large-scale application of biochar for soil ramification. This review paper highlights the utilization of biochar in immobilizing and eliminating the heavy metals and organic pollutants from contaminated soils and factors affecting the remediation efficacy of biochar. Furthermore, the risks related to biochar application in unpolluted agricultural soils are also debated. Biochar production conditions (pyrolysis temperature, feedstock type, and residence time) and the application rate greatly influence the biochar performance in remediating the contaminated soils. Biochars prepared at high temperatures (800 °C) contained more porosity and specific surface area, thus offering more adsorption potential. The redox and electrostatic adsorption contributed more to the adsorption of oxyanions, whereas ion exchange, complexation, and precipitation were mainly involved in the adsorption of cations. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produced during biochar pyrolysis induce negative impacts on soil alga, microbes, and plants. A careful selection of unpolluted feedstock and its compatibility with carbonization technology having suitable operating conditions is essential to avoid these impurities. It would help to prepare a specific biochar with desired features to target a particular pollutant at a specific site. This review provided explicit knowledge for developing a cost-effective, environment-friendly specific biochar, which could be used to decontaminate targeted polluted soils at a large scale. Furthermore, future study directions are also described to ensure a sustainable and safe application of biochar as a soil improver for the reclamation of polluted soils.
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