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Niu Y, Zhang Q, Wang L, Guo F, Zhang Y, Wu J. Synthesis of Fe-N doped porous carbon/silicate composites regulated by minerals in coal gasification fine slag for synergistic electrocatalytic treatment of phenolic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118643. [PMID: 38458590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS), as a difficult-to-dispose solid waste in the coal chemical industry, consists of minerals and residual carbon. Due to the aggregate structure of minerals blocking pores and encapsulating active substances, the high-value utilization of CGFS still remains a challenge. Based on the intrinsic characteristics of CGFS, this study synthesized Fe-N doped porous carbon/silicate composites (Fe-NC) by alkali activation and pyrolysis for electrocatalytic degradation of phenolic wastewater. Meanwhile, minerals were utilized to regulate the surface chemical and pore structure, turning their disadvantages into advantages, which caused a sharp increase in m-cresol mineralization. The positive effect of minerals on composite properties was investigated by characterization techniques, electrochemical analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It was found that the mesoporous structure of the mineral-regulated composites was further developed, with more carbon defects and reactive substances on its surface. Most importantly, silicate mediated iron conversion through strong interaction with H2O2, high work function gradient with electroactive iron, and excellent superoxide radical (•O2-) production capacity. It effectively improved the reversibility and kinetics of the entire electrocatalytic reaction. Within the Fe-NC311 electrocatalytic system, the m-cresol removal rate reached 99.55 ± 1.24%, surpassing most reported Fe-N-doped electrocatalysts. In addition, the adsorption and electrooxidation experiment confirmed that the synergistic effect of Fe-N doped porous carbon and silicate simultaneously promoted the capture of pollutants and the transformation of electroactive molecules, and hence effectively shortened the diffusion path of short-lived radicals, which was further supported by molecular dynamics simulation. Therefore, this research provides new insights into the problem of mineral limitations and opens an innovative approach for CGFS recycling and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Niu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China
| | - Fanhui Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China.
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Eren S, Türk FN, Arslanoğlu H. Synthesis of zeolite from industrial wastes: a review on characterization and heavy metal and dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:41791-41823. [PMID: 38861062 PMCID: PMC11219454 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Increasing world population, urbanization, and industrialization have led to an increase in demand in production and consumption, resulting in an increase in industrial solid wastes and pollutant levels in water. These two main consequences have become global problems. The high Si and Al content of solid wastes suggests that they can be used as raw materials for the synthesis of zeolites. In this context, when the literature studies conducted to obtain synthetic zeolites are evaluated, it is seen that hydrothermal synthesis method is generally used. In order to improve the performance of the hydrothermal synthesis method in terms of energy cost, synthesis time, and even product quality, additional methods such as alkaline fusion, ultrasonic effect, and microwave support have been developed. The zeolites synthesized by different techniques exhibit superior properties such as high surface area and well-defined pore sizes, thermal stability, high cation exchange capacity, high regeneration ability, and catalytic activity. Due to these specific properties, zeolites are recognized as one of the most effective methods for the removal of pollutants. The toxic properties of heavy metals and dyes in water and their carcinogenic effects in long-term exposure pose a serious risk to living organisms. Therefore, they should be treated at specified levels before discharge to the environment. In this review study, processes including different methods developed for the production of zeolites from industrial solid wastes were evaluated. Studies using synthetic zeolites for the removal of high levels of health and environmental risks such as heavy metals and dyes are reviewed. In addition, EPMA, SEM, EDX, FTIR, BET, AFM, and 29Si and 27Al NMR techniques, which are characterization methods of synthetic zeolites, are presented and the cation exchange capacity, thermodynamics of adsorption, effect of temperature, and pH are investigated. It is expected that energy consumption can be reduced by large-scale applications of alternative techniques developed for zeolite synthesis and their introduction into the industry. It is envisaged that zeolites synthesized by utilizing wastes will be effective in obtaining a green technology. The use of synthesized zeolites in a wide variety of applications, especially in environmental problems, holds great promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Eren
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Feride N Türk
- Çankırı Karatekin University, Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Hasan Arslanoğlu
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Çanakkale, Turkey.
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Chai Z, Liu B, Lv P, Bai Y, Wang J, Su W, Song X, Yu G, Xu G. Microwave synthesis of amino-functionalized MCM-41 from coal gasification fine slag for efficient bidirectional adsorption of anionic and cationic dyes. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141229. [PMID: 38272133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Coal based solid waste has been recognized as a sustainable raw material for the preparation of high added value materials for wastewater treatment. In this paper, a preparation route was designed for the rapid, efficient, and low-cost preparation of MCM-41 zeolite using coal gasification fine slag as raw material. Functionalization modification of MCM-41 was carried out by grafting amino groups on its surface to improve its application performance. Moreover, the prepared functionalized material is used for bidirectional adsorption of anionic and cationic dyes. The experimental results indicate that MCM-41 zeolite with highly ordered pore structure was rapidly prepared using the advantages of fast heating and strong permeability of microwave synthesis method, with a specific surface area of up to 862.03 m2/g. Amine functionalized MCM-41 exhibits strong adsorption capacity for both cationic and anionic dyes, with maximum adsorption capacities for methylene blue and Congo red being 292.40 mg/g and 354.61 mg/g, respectively. The study of adsorption kinetics and adsorption mechanism indicate that the adsorption process is mainly controlled through chemical adsorption, including electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions. The results of this study will provide useful references for the use of coal based solid waste to prepare functional materials for the treatment of organic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Peng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Yonghui Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Jiaofei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Weiguang Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xudong Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Guangsuo Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China; Institute of Clean Coal Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Shandong Yankuangguotuo Science & Engineering Co., Ltd., Zoucheng, 273500, China
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Feng X, Wang Y, Li F, Hao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Performance of Full-Component Coal Gasification Fine Slag: High-Value Utilization as Reinforcing Material in Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (ESBR) for Replacing Carbon Black. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:522. [PMID: 38399900 PMCID: PMC10893245 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultrafine, highly active coal gasification slag (HCGS) was produced via a sustainable, green dry-ball-milling method. Coal gasification fine slag (CGS), a potential environmental pollutant, was used as a new source of rubber filler without pre-treatment, enabling waste utilisation. HCGS was added to styrene-butadiene rubber (ESBR) composites, and the effects of HCGS and the filler content on the mechanical and thermal stabilities of SBR were evaluated. The procedure conforms to important green metrics, requiring no solvent or additional reagent, or solvent-assistance for product collection. HCGS reduced the scorch time (t10) and curing time (t90) of the filled ESBR composites relative to those of pure SBR and improved the mechanical parameters. The tensile strength at 50 phr reached 10.91 MPa, and the tear strength at 90 phr reached 64.92 kN/m, corresponding to 9.4- and 3.92-fold increases relative to that of SBR filled with HCGS, respectively. HCGS exerted a reinforcing effect on ESBR, comparable to that of commercial carbon black (CB) N330. HCGS improves the binding between rubber molecules and filler particles and captures the rubber chain, thereby limiting its movement. HCGS is potentially applicable as a CB substitute in the rubber industry, with environmental and economic benefits in the disposal of CGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianggang Feng
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China; (X.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource Circulation, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- ULANQAB Product Quality Measurement Inspection and Testing Centre, Ulanqab 012000, China
| | - Fei Li
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China; (X.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource Circulation, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Zhifei Hao
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China; (X.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource Circulation, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China; (X.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource Circulation, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yinmin Zhang
- Chemical Engineering College, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China; (X.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource Circulation, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010051, China
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Sun C, Pan H, Shen T, Sun J, He S, Li T, Lu X. The adsorption properties and mechanisms of magnetic carbon-silicon composites in situ prepared from coal gasification fine slag. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4890-4903. [PMID: 38323013 PMCID: PMC10845903 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05916b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel magnetic carbon-silicon composite (Fe-HH-CGFS) was prepared from solid waste coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) by a two-step acid leaching and one-step chemical co-precipitation process, which was optimized using a 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design and then analyzed for correlation. Fe-HH-CGFS was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements. The results demonstrated that Fe-HH-CGFS had a reverse spinel structure with an average particle size of 5.14 nm, exhibiting a microporous/mesoporous structure with a specific surface area (SSA) of 196.84 m2 g-1 and pore volume of 0.346 cm3 g-1. Furthermore, Fe-HH-CGFS could achieve 97.59% removal efficiency of rhodamine B (RhB) under the optimal conditions: an initial concentration of RhB of 100 mg L-1, an adsorption time of 60 min, and a dosage of Fe-HH-CGFS of 1.0 g L-1. The pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm satisfactorily described the adsorption behavior. The results indicated that the RhB removal process was a single-molecule layer endothermic adsorption, which is dominated by chemical adsorption reactions. This work is expected to provide an alternative route for the high-value utilization of CGFS and offer a valuable insight for the recycling of other solid wastes, aligning with the green development concept of "treating wastes with wastes".
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Haoqi Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Shaocang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Tianpeng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Xuqian Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 P. R. China
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Yan S, Xuan W, Cao C, Zhang J. A review of sustainable utilization and prospect of coal gasification slag. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117186. [PMID: 37741569 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the storage of coal gasification slag (CGS) is continuously increasing, as the coal gasification technology develops, posing significant environmental hazards. Due to its volcanic ash characteristics and rich residual carbon, CGS has great potential for resource utilization, which has attracted the attentions of many scholars. This paper firstly introduces the compositions and properties of CGS. Then, it reviews the existing utilization methods of CGS, including Preparation of building materials, carbon-ash separation technology, ecological restoration, and cyclic blending. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are compared. Subsequently, some high-value utilization methods of coal gasification slag are introduced, such as the preparation of high-performance activated carbon and zeolite, of which the feasibility and advantages are evaluated. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for future developing technologies. This paper aims to provide some references and inspiration for the utilization and environmental protection of CGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Yan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weiwei Xuan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chunyan Cao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiansheng Zhang
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Ma Z, Fang L, Liu L, Hu B, Wang S, Yu S, Wang X. Efficient decontamination of organic pollutants from wastewater by covalent organic framework-based materials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166453. [PMID: 37607627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), assembling through covalent bonds, are a rising class of porous materials. Nowadays, various COFs are widely applied in organic pollutants decontamination due to the outstanding capabilities of large surface area, multiple functional groups, porous structure, excellent absorptivity, flexible design and so on. This review concentrates on the applications of COFs in different decontamination technologies such as solid-phase extraction, membrane filtration and sieving, adsorption, and catalysis reaction. The factors influencing water chemistry, such as pH, temperature, salt concentration and natural organic matter, are summarized in terms of their impact on decontamination performance and the extraction mechanisms for the diverse analytes. The interaction mechanisms between COFs and organic pollutants were hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, a perspective on current obstacles and upcoming developments of COFs for organic pollutant removal has been provided. Due to their adaptable and versatile design as well as elaborate and diverse functionalization, COFs possess significant possibility in ameliorating environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Ma
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Lin Fang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China.
| | - Lijie Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, PR China
| | - Suhua Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Shujun Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Xiangke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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Chen Z, Tian X, Hou J, Li Z, Xu Y, Feng Y. Sustainable preparation of high-calorific value and low-N and S energy products through the low-temperature alkali fusion of coal gasification fine ash. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116802. [PMID: 37543129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Coal gasification fine ash (CGFA) is characterized by high yield, high carbon content, and difficult recovery. This results in waste of coal resources and serious environmental pollution. To address this issue, a novel green deashing process is proposed in this study to modify CGFA into deashed carbon (DAC) with a high calorific value and an ash content of less than 5% through a low-temperature alkaline fusion process. Compared with traditional alkaline fusion (which is carried out at 600-1000 °C), low-temperature alkaline fusion treatment can efficiently remove ash minerals in the temperature range of 300-450 °C, which is beneficial to the efficient recovery of residual carbon in DA, while simultaneously improving the physicochemical properties and energy characteristics of DAC, thereby improving its combustion performance. At an alkali fusion temperature of 350 °C, a NaOH:DA ratio of 4.5:1, and a reaction time of 40 min, the resulting DAC product had ash content of 2.28%, combustible material recovery (CMR) of 82.03%, higher heating value (HHV) of 31.07 MJ kg-1, and SBET of 445.43 m2 g-1. In comparison, it was found that low-temperature alkali fusion significantly improved the deashing of CGFA when compared to existing deashing technologies. These results strongly suggest that this innovative deashing method can modify CGFA into a high-calorific value and low-N and S fuel, thereby providing a cost-effective and sustainable utilization method for CGFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Xiaodong Tian
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Jian Hou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Zhengqi Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Yongwei Xu
- Western Mining Group Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xining, 810000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Western Mining Group Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xining, 810000, PR China.
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