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Das D, Tangjang S. Bio-stabilization of toxic weeds (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara) implementing mono- and polyculture of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34487-0. [PMID: 39085693 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigates the synergistic impact of earthworms (Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae) and microbes during vermicomposting of invasive weed phytomass (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara). This study aims introducing an onsite solution for weed control while producing valuable organic manure. Vermitransformation and detailed characterization of mono- (VC1, VC2, VC4, VC5) and polyculture (VC3, VC6) of X. strumarium and L. camara has been reported for the first time employing E. fetida and E. eugeniae. The study achieved 45.16 ± 2.48-76.73 ± 1.37% vermiconvertion rate. The pH, conductivity, and concentration of heavy metals are effectively stabilized. Furthermore, it observed a significant reduction in total organic carbon (TOC) alongside the augmentation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and other trace elements (Zn, Ni, Fe). The ash content, humification index, and C/N ratio analysis established the maturity of the vermicompost. The macronutrient enhancement in the vermicompost samples was recorded 1.5- to 2.47-fold for total N, 1.19- to 1.48-fold in available P, 1.1- to 1.2-fold in total K, and 1.1- to 1.18-fold in total Ca. The germination index reveals a significant reduction in phytotoxicity, suggesting the production of mature and suitable vermicompost for agricultural use. Evaluating mono- and polyculture techniques, the research highlights the superiority of E. fetida over E. eugeniae. Further, the earthworm population and biomass have significantly increased by the end of 60-day experimental trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimbeswar Das
- Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills-79112, Doimukh, Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Botany, Eastern Karbi Anglong College, Sarihajan-782480, Karbi Anglong, Assam, India
| | - Sumpam Tangjang
- Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills-79112, Doimukh, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
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Zhang Y, Huang C, Zhao J, Hu L, Yang L, Zhang Y, Sang W. Insights into tolerance mechanisms of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in copper-contaminated soils by integrating multi-omics analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118910. [PMID: 38604487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Earthworms can resist high levels of soil copper (Cu) contamination and play an essential role in absorbing them effectively. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Cu tolerance in earthworms are poorly understood. To address this research gap, we studied alterations of Eisenia fetida in antioxidant enzymes, gut microbiota, metabolites, and genes under varying levels of Cu exposure soils (0, 67.58, 168.96, 337.92 mg/kg). Our results revealed a reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities across all treatment groups, indicating an adaptive response to alleviate Cu-induced oxidative stress. Analysis of gut microbiota revealed a significant increase in the abundance of bacteria associated with nutrient uptake and Cu2+ excretion under Cu stress. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis discovered an increase in certain metabolites associated with energy metabolism, such as pyruvic acid, L-malic acid, and fumaric acid, as Cu concentration escalated. These results suggested that enhanced energy supply contributes to the elevated tolerance of E. fetida towards Cu. Additionally, transcriptome analysis not only identified crucial detoxification genes (Hsp70, CTSL, GST, CHAC, and GCLC), but also confirmed the critical role of glutathione metabolism as a key pathway in E. fetida Cu detoxification processes. These findings provide a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms of Cu tolerance in earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chenyu Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinqi Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Luyi Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lan Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China; Beijing Biodiversity Conservation Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
| | - Weiguo Sang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Ghandehari Yazdi F, Mokhtari M, Nabi Meibodi M, Sefidkar R, Hatami B, Molavi F, Ghafourzadeh M, Golshiri A, Ebrahimi AA. Bioconversion of cow manure through vermicomposting: effects of tylosin concentration on the weight of worms and manure quality. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12575. [PMID: 38822086 PMCID: PMC11143363 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62839-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated batch-fed vermicomposting of cow manure, with a specific focus on assessing the effects of tylosin on the weight of earthworms and the overall quality of the resulting manure. Five reactors, including three concentrations of tylosin (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) and two control reactors, were employed. Residual tylosin concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quality parameters such as pH, temperature, volatile solids (VS), organic carbon content (OCC), electrical conductivity (EC), ash content, C/N ratio, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and microbial content were evaluated. The toxicity and maturity of vermicompost were assessed by determining the germination index (GI). The study also monitored variations in the earthworm's weight. The results demonstrated a decreasing trend in VS, OCC, C/N, and fecal coliforms, along with increased pH, EC, ash content, and TKN during the vermicomposting process. Furthermore, investigations revealed significant reductions in the reactors with tylosin concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg, resulting in the removal of 98%, 90.48%, and 89.38% of the initial tylosin, respectively. This result confirms the faster removal of tylosin in reactors with lower concentrations. Degradation of tylosin also conforms to first-order kinetics. The findings showed a significant influence of tylosin on the weight of Eisenia fetida earthworms and the lowest antibiotic concentration led to the highest weight gain. Finally, the high percentage of germination index (90-100%) showed that the quality and maturity of vermicompost is by national and international standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Ghandehari Yazdi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mokhtari
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi Meibodi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reyhane Sefidkar
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Behnam Hatami
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Molavi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahin Ghafourzadeh
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, Paramedical School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Golshiri
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ebrahimi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Xu M, Sun H, Chen E, Yang M, Wu C, Sun X, Wang Q. From waste to wealth: Innovations in organic solid waste composting. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115977. [PMID: 37100364 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic solid waste (OSW) is not only a major source of environmental contamination, but also a vast store of useful materials due to its high concentration of biodegradable components that can be recycled. Composting has been proposed as an effective strategy for recycling OSW back into the soil in light of the necessity of a sustainable and circular economy. In addition, unconventional composting methods such as membrane-covered aerobic composting and vermicomposting have been reported more effective than traditional composting in improving soil biodiversity and promoting plant growth. This review investigates the current advancements and potential trends of using widely available OSW to produce fertilizers. At the same time, this review highlights the crucial role of additives such as microbial agents and biochar in the control of harmful substances in composting. Composting of OSW should include a complete strategy and a methodical way of thinking that can allow product development and decision optimization through interdisciplinary integration and data-driven methodologies. Future research will likely concentrate on the potential in controlling emerging pollutants, evolution of microbial communities, biochemical composition conversion, and the micro properties of different gases and membranes. Additionally, screening of functional bacteria with stable performance and exploration of advanced analytical methods for compost products are important for understanding the intrinsic mechanisms of pollutant degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Xu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haishu Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Enmiao Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chuanfu Wu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Qunhui Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
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