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Wang XP, Han NN, Xu ZY, Zhu YH, Li GF, Fan NS, Jin RC. Quorum sensing mediated response mechanism of anammox consortia to anionic surfactant: Molecular simulation and molecular evidence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174121. [PMID: 38901593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of surfactants raise challenges to biological wastewater treatment. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has the potential to treat wastewater containing anionic surfactants, but the response of anammox consortia at the molecular level under long-term exposure is unclear. Using high-throughput sequencing and gene quantification, combined with molecular docking, the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) on anammox consortia were investigated. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be lower than the threshold of oxidative damage, while the increase of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) represented the cell membrane damage. Decreased abundance of functional genes (hdh, hzsA and nirS) indicated the decrease of the anammox bacterial abundance. Trace amounts of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL, C6-HSL, C8-HSL and C12-HSL) contained in influent could induce endogenous quorum sensing (QS), which could regulate the correlation between functional bacteria to optimize the microbial community and strengthen the resistance of anammox consortia to SDS. In addition, the proliferation of disinfectant resistance genes might increase the environmental pathogenicity of sewage discharge. This work highlights the potential response mechanism of anammox consortium to surfactants and provides a universal microbial-friendly bioenhancement strategy based on QS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Na-Na Han
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zi-Yan Xu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu-Hui Zhu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Gui-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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2
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Hirose K, Kondo T, Saito Y, Isaka K. Individual evaluation of nitrite and free nitrous acid inhibition on anammox activity. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 138:345-350. [PMID: 39107145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The anammox reaction simultaneously utilizes ammonia and nitrite as substrates; however, high nitrite concentrations act as strong inhibitors of the reaction. In this study, inhibition by NO2- and free nitrous acid (FNA) was separately evaluated in continuous feeding tests using different biomass carriers. The influent NO2- concentration was increased under pH 7.6, where FNA is less likely to affect anammox activity. A continuous test using polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel carriers containing immobilized anammox bacteria showed that the inhibition ratio was 13% when the NO2--N concentration in the reactor was 350 mg L-1 (FNA ≤0.06 mg L-1). The relationship between NO2- concentration in the reactor and inhibition ratio increased linearly. Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of FNA by increasing the influent NO2- concentration at pH 6.4, where FNA is easily formed, demonstrated that the relationship between FNA and inhibition ratio could be fitted to a sigmoid curve, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of FNA was 0.88 mg L-1. A similar test performed using polyvinyl alcohol carriers containing anammox bacteria on their surface showed the same trend as the PEG gel carriers, with the IC50 for FNA at 0.70 mg L-1. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of FNA on anammox activity was greater than that of NO2-. The evaluation of these two factors helped identify important operational indicators of the stable application of anammox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koya Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Kanto Environmental Technology Center, Chugai Technos Corporation, 2-2-16 Onodai, Midori-ku, Chiba 267-0056, Japan
| | - Yayoi Saito
- Kanto Environmental Technology Center, Chugai Technos Corporation, 2-2-16 Onodai, Midori-ku, Chiba 267-0056, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Isaka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
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3
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Liu LY, Wang X, Dang CC, Zhao ZC, Xing DF, Liu BF, Ren NQ, Xie GJ. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled with sulfate reduction links nitrogen with sulfur cycle. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 403:130903. [PMID: 38801958 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Sulfate-dependent ammonium oxidation (Sulfammox) is a critical process linking nitrogen and sulfur cycles. However, the metabolic pathway of microbes driven Sulfammox is still in suspense. The study demonstrated that ammonium was not consumed with sulfate as the sole electron acceptor during long-term enrichment, probably due to inhibition from sulfide accumulation, while ammonium was removed at ∼ 10 mg N/L/d with sulfate and nitrate as electron acceptors. Ammonium and sulfate were converted into nitrogen gas, sulfide, and elemental sulfur. Sulfammox was mainly performed by Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis and Candidatus Brocadia fulgida, both of which encoded ammonium oxidation pathway and dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway. Not sulfide-driven autotrophic denitrifiers but Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis converted nitrate to nitrite with sulfide. The results of this study reveal the specialized metabolism of Sulfammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis and Candidatus Brocadia fulgida) and provide insight into microbial relationships during the nitrogen and sulfur cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - De-Feng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Bing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guo-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Eng Nkonogumo PL, Zhu Z, Emmanuel N, Zhang X, Zhou L, Wu P. Novel and innovative approaches to partial denitrification coupled with anammox: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142066. [PMID: 38670502 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The partial denitrification (PD) coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) (PD/A) process is a unique biological denitrification method for sewage that concurrently removes nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) in sewage. Comparing PD/A to conventional nitrification and denitrification technologies, noticeable improvements are shown in energy consumption, carbon source demand, sludge generation and emissions of greenhouse gasses. The PD is vital to obtaining nitrites (NO2--N) in the Anammox process. This paper provided valuable insight by introduced the basic principles and characteristics of the process and then summarized the strengthening strategies. The functional microorganisms and microbial competition have been discussed in details, the S-dependent denitrification-anammox has been analyzed in this review paper. Important factors affecting the PD/A process were examined from different aspects, and finally, the paper pointed out the shortcomings of the coupling process in experimental research and engineering applications. Thus, this research provided insightful information for the PD/A process's optimization technique in later treating many types of real and nitrate-based wastewater. The review paper also provided the prospective economic and environmental position for the actual design implementation of the PD/A process in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Luchanganya Eng Nkonogumo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zixuan Zhu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Nshimiyimana Emmanuel
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xiaonong Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Li Zhou
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Peng Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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Li G, Yu Y, Li X, Jia H, Ma X, Opoku PA. Research progress of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process based on integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS). ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13235. [PMID: 38444262 PMCID: PMC10915381 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) process is considered one of the cutting-edge solutions to the traditional wastewater treatment challenges, allowing suspended sludge and attached biofilm to grow in the same system. In addition, the coupling of IFAS with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) can further improve the efficiency of biological denitrification. This paper summarises the research progress of IFAS coupled with the anammox process, including partial nitrification anammox, simultaneous partial nitrification anammox and denitrification, and partial denitrification anammox technologies, and describes the factors that limit the development of related processes. The effects of dissolved oxygen, influent carbon source, sludge retention time, temperature, microbial community, and nitrite-oxidising bacteria inhibition methods on the anammox of IFAS are presented. At the same time, this paper gives an outlook on future research focus and engineering practice direction of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of EducationJilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yunyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of EducationJilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xingyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of EducationJilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hongsheng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of EducationJilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xiaoning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of EducationJilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchunChina
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6
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Li B, Mao S, Zhang C, Xu T, Ma X, Lin H, Yin H, Qiu Y. Rapid anaerobic culture and reaction kinetic study of anammox bacteria on microfluidic chip. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 396:130422. [PMID: 38320714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Anammox bacteria are being increasingly investigated as part of an emerging nitrogen removal technology. However, due to the difficulty in culturing, current understanding of their behavior is limited. In this study, anaerobic microfluidic chips were used to study anammox bacteria, showing great advantages over reactors. On-chip fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed the relative abundance of free form anammox bacteria increased by 56.1 % after one week's culture, an increase that is three times higher than that of bioreactor (17.1 %). For granular form cultures, the nitrogen removal load reached 2.34 ∼ 2.51 kg-N/(m3·d), which was also substantially higher than the bioreactor (∼1.22 kg-N/(m3·d)). Furthermore, studying the kinetics of nitrite inhibition of granular sludge with different particle sizes (100-900 μm) showed that the maximum ammonia load and the nitrite semi-saturation coefficient noticeably decreased for smaller particle sizes. These results illustrate the usefulness of the microfluidic method for in-depth understanding anammox process and its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siyuan Mao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tiansi Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xueyan Ma
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huabing Yin
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK.
| | - Yong Qiu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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7
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Guzmán-Fierro V, Dieguez-Seoane A, Roeckel M, Lema JM, Trueba-Santiso A. Environmental proteomics as a useful methodology for early-stage detection of stress in anammox engineered systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169349. [PMID: 38104803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Anammox bacteria are widely applied worldwide for denitrification of urban wastewater. Differently, their application in the case of industrial effluents has been more limited. Those frequently present high loads of contaminants, demanding an individual evaluation of their treatability by anammox technologies. Bioreactors setting up and recovery after contaminants-derived perturbations are slow. Also, toxicity is frequently not acute but cumulative, which causes negative macroscopic effects to appear only after medium or long-term operations. All these particularities lead to relevant economic and time losses. We hypothesized that contaminants cause changes at anammox proteome level before perturbations in the engineered systems are detectable by macroscopic analyses. In this study, we explored the usefulness of short-batch tests combined with environmental proteomics for the early detection of those changes. Copper was used as a model of stressor contaminant, and anammox granules were exposed to increasing copper concentrations including previously reported IC50 values. The proteomic results revealed that specific anammox proteins involved in stress response (bacterioferritin, universal stress protein, or superoxide dismutase) were overexpressed in as short a time as 28 h at the higher copper concentrations. Consequently, EPS production was also increased, as indicated by the alginate export family protein, polysaccharide biosynthesis protein, and sulfotransferase increased expression. The described workflow can be applied to detect early-stage stress biomarkers of the negative effect of other metals, organics, or even changes in physical-chemical parameters such as pH or temperature on anammox-engineered systems. On an industrial level, it can be of great value for decision-making, especially before dealing with new effluents on facilities, deriving important economic and time savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Guzmán-Fierro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alberto Dieguez-Seoane
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Marlene Roeckel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan M Lema
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Alba Trueba-Santiso
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
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8
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Chen X, Jiang L, Aghilinasrollahabadi K, Proano CA, Meisler S, Anderson MO, Xue J, Li G. Impacts of crude glycerol on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process in wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130271. [PMID: 38158091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This work investigated the impact of a waste-derived carbon source, crude glycerol (CG), on Anammox. Batch bioassays were conducted to identify inhibitory component(s) in CG, and the relationship between Anammox activity and the concentration of CG, pure glycerol, and methanol were assessed. The results showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of CG and methanol are 434.5 ± 51.8 and 143.0 ± 19.6 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD) L-1, respectively, while pure glycerol at 0-2283 mg COD L-1 had no significant adverse effect on Anammox. The results suggested methanol is the major inhibitor in CG via a non-competitive inhibition mechanism. COD/total inorganic nitrogen ratio of > 1.3 was observed to cause a significant Anammox inhibition (>20 %), especially at low substrate level. These results are valuable for evaluating the feasibility of using CG for nitrogen removal in water resource recovery facilities, promoting sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojue Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Liu Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Camila A Proano
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Seth Meisler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Marya O Anderson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jinkai Xue
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory (CRWRRL), Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Guangbin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 4298 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Takeda PY, Paula CT, Giglio GL, Borges ADV, Pereira TDS, Damianovic MHRZ. Efficient reactivation of anammox sludge after prolonged storage using a combination of batch and continuous reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2408-2418. [PMID: 38066278 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Due to the slow growth rate of anammox bacteria, enriched sludge is required for the rapid start-up of anammox-based reactors. However, it is still unclear if long-term stored anammox sludge (SAS) is an effective source of inoculum to accelerate reactor start-up. This study explored the reactivation of long-term SAS and developed an efficient protocol to reduce the start-up period of an anammox reactor. Although stored for 13 months, a low level of the specific anammox activity of 28 mg N/g VSS/d was still detected. Experimental Phase 1 involved the direct application of SAS to an upflow sludge bed reactor (USB) operated for 90 d under varying conditions of hydraulic retention time and nitrogen concentrations. In Phase 2, batch runs were executed prior to the continuous operation of the USB reactor. The biomass reactivation in the continuous flow reactor was unsuccessful. However, the SAS was effectively reactivated through a combination of batch runs and continuous flow feed. Within 75 days, the anammox process achieved a stable rate of nitrogen removal of 1.3 g N/L/day and a high nitrogen removal efficiency of 84.1 ± 0.2%. Anammox bacteria (Ca. Brocadia) abundance was 37.8% after reactivation. These overall results indicate that SAS is a feasible seed sludge for faster start-up of high-rate mainstream anammox reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Yumi Takeda
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Tavares Paula
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lelis Giglio
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - André do Vale Borges
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Tiago Duarte Santos Pereira
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG) - Instituto Tecnológico de Agropecuária de Pitangui (ITAP), Pitangui, MG = Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Agency - Pitangui Institute of Agricultural Technology, Rodovia BR - MG 352 Km 35 Zona Rural, Pitangui, Minas Gerais, 35650-000, Brazil
| | - Márcia Helena Rissato Zamariolli Damianovic
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil
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Ma X, Feng ZT, Zhou JM, Sun YJ, Zhang QQ. Regulation mechanism of hydrazine and hydroxylamine in nitrogen removal processes: A Comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140670. [PMID: 37951396 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
As the new fashioned nitrogen removal process, short-cut nitrification and denitrification (SHARON) process, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process, completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, partial nitrification and anammox (PN/A) process and partial denitrification and anammox (PD/A) process entered into the public eye due to its advantages of high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) and low energy consumption. However, the above process also be limited by long-term start-up time, unstable operation, complicated process regulation and so on. As intermediates or by-metabolites of functional microorganisms in above processes, hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and hydrazine (N2H4) improved NRE of the above processes by promoting functional enzyme activity, accelerating electron transport efficiency and regulating distribution of microbial communities. Therefore, this review discussed effects of NH2OH and N2H4 on stability and NRE of above processes, analyzed regulatory mechanism from functional enzyme activity, electron transport efficiency and microbial community distribution. Finally, the challenges and limitations for nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) produced from regulation of NH2OH and N2H4 are discussed. In additional, perspectives on future trends in technology development are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ze-Tong Feng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhou
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Ying-Jun Sun
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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11
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Heinze BM, Küsel K, Jehmlich N, von Bergen M, Taubert M. Metabolic versatility enables sulfur-oxidizers to dominate primary production in groundwater. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120426. [PMID: 37597444 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
High rates of CO2 fixation and the genetic potential of various groundwater microbes for autotrophic activity have shown that primary production is an important source of organic C in groundwater ecosystems. However, the contribution of specific chemolithoautotrophic groups such as S-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to groundwater primary production and their adaptation strategies remain largely unknown. Here, we stimulated anoxic groundwater microcosms with reduced S and sampled the microbial community after 1, 3 and 6 weeks. Genome-resolved metaproteomics was combined with 50at-% 13CO2 stable isotope probing to follow the C flux through the microbial food web and infer traits expressed by active SOB in the groundwater microcosms. Already after 7 days, 90% of the total microbial biomass C in the microcosms was replaced by CO2-derived C, increasing to 97% at the end of incubation. Stable Isotope Cluster Analysis revealed active autotrophs, characterized by a uniform 13C-incorporation of 45% in their peptides, to dominate the microbial community throughout incubation. Mixo- and heterotrophs, characterized by 10 to 40% 13C-incorporation, utilized the primarily produced organic C. Interestingly, obligate autotrophs affiliated with Sulfuricella and Sulfuritalea contained traits enabling the storage of elemental S in globules to maintain primary production under energy limitation. Others related to Sulfurimonas seemed to rapidly utilize substrates for fast proliferation, and most autotrophs further maximized their energy yield via efficient denitrification and the potential for H2 oxidation. Mixotrophic SOB, belonging to Curvibacter or Polaromonas, enhanced metabolic flexibility by using organic compounds to satisfy their C requirements. Time series data spanning eight years further revealed that key taxa of our microcosms composed up to 15% of the microbial groundwater community, demonstrating their in-situ importance. This showed that SOB, by using different metabolic strategies, are able to account for high rates of primary production in groundwater, especially at sites limited to geogenic nutrient sources. The widespread presence of SOB with traits such as S storage, H2 oxidation, and organic C utilization in many aquatic habitats further suggested that metabolic versatility governs S-fueled primary production in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix M Heinze
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, Jena 07743, Germany; The German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstr. 4, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- The German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstr. 4, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Brüderstr. 32, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Martin Taubert
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, Jena 07743, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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12
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Liang Y, Li Z, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Ji S, Qiu G, Wu H, Wei C. Decryption for nitrogen removal in Anammox-based coupled systems: Nitrite-induced mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129274. [PMID: 37290714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of NO2- on synergetic interactions between Anammox bacteria (AnAOB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) in an autotrophic denitrification-Anammox system. The presence of NO2- (0-75 mg-N/L) was shown to significantly enhance NH4+ and NO3- conversion rates, achieving intensified synergy between AnAOB and SOB. However, once NO2- exceed a threshold concentration (100 mg-N/L), both NH4+ and NO3- conversion rates decreased with increased NO2- consumption via autotrophic denitrification. The cooperation between AnAOB and SOB was decoupled due to the NO2- inhibition. Improved system reliability and nitrogen removal performance was achieved in a long-term reactor operation with NO2- in the influent; reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed elevated hydrazine synthase gene transcription levels (5.00-fold), comparing to these in the reactor without NO2-. This study elucidated the mechanism of NO2- induced synergetic interactions between AnAOB and SOB, providing theoretical guidance for engineering applications of Anammox-based coupled systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zemin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yushen Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Sijia Ji
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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13
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Andersen MH, Thomsen L, Stokholm-Bjerregaard M, Eriksen S, Hansen SH, Albertsen M, Nielsen PH. Fast DNA-analyses for surveillance of microbial communities in full-scale deammonification tanks: Potential for control and troubleshooting. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 236:119919. [PMID: 37031530 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The partial nitritation/anammox process is a popular process for sidestream nitrogen removal, but the process is sensitive to disturbances and requires extensive surveillance and monitoring for optimal performance. We followed two parallel sidestream full-scale deammonification reactors treating digester centrate for a year with high time-resolution of both online sensor data and microbial community as measured by Nanopore DNA sequencing. DNA surveillance revealed system disturbances and allowed for detection of process and equipment upsets, and it facilitated remediating operational actions. Surveillance of anammox bacteria (Ca. Brocadia) revealed unexpected variations, and the composition and dynamics of the flanking community indicated causes for occasional process disturbances with poor nitrogen removal. Monitoring the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) could potentially allow reactor operation with increased dissolved oxygen (DO), yielding higher ammonia conversion while keeping NOB in control. The use of fast and frequent DNA sequencing (sampling 3-5 times a week, analysed once per week) was an important supplement, and in many cases superior, to the online sensor data for process surveillance, understanding and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hjorth Andersen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lisette Thomsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Susan Hove Hansen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mads Albertsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Per Halkjær Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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14
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Li X, Liu C, Xie H, Sun Y, Xu S, Liu G. Nitrogen removal of thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion liquid: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 320:138097. [PMID: 36764619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment, as an anaerobic digestion (AD) pretreatment, has not only been verified in the laboratory but also frequently employed in actual engineering. However, the properties of anaerobic digestion liquid (ADL), such as high organic matter concentration, high ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentration, and low carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), have posed some difficulties in the follow-up treatment. To address the above issues, the autotrophic nitrogen removal (ANR) process is developed to treat ADL. Due to the NH4+-N, organic materials, toxic and harmful substances in the ADL that might directly impact the activity of functional bacteria, the ADL should be treated before being fed into the ANR process. This paper provided a focused review of the thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion process (TH-ADP) mechanism and the ANR mechanism, summarized the existing difficulties in the treatment of thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion liquid (TH-ADL), assessed the research status thoroughly, and offered the potential solutions to the problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Changkuo Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Beijing Capital Eco-environment Protection Group Co., Itd, China
| | - Gaige Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
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15
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Zhao W, Bi X, Bai M, Wang Y. Research advances of ammonia oxidation microorganisms in wastewater: metabolic characteristics, microbial community, influencing factors and process applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:621-633. [PMID: 36988685 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation carried out by ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) is a central step in the global nitrogen cycle. Aerobic AOMs comprise conventional ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), novel ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), which could exist in complex and extreme conditions, and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox), which directly oxidize ammonia to nitrate within a single cell. Anaerobic AOMs mainly comprise anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), which can transform NH4+-N and NO2--N into N2 under anaerobic conditions. In this review, the unique metabolic characteristics, microbial community of AOMs and the influencing factors are discussed. Process applications of nitrification/denitrification, nitritation/denitrification, nitritation/anammox and partial denitrification/anammox in wastewater treatment systems are emphasized. The future development of nitrogen removal processes using AOMs is expected, enrichment of comammox facilitates the complete nitrification performance, inhibiting the activity of comammox and NOB could achieve stable nitritation, and additionally, AnAOB conducting the anammox process in municipal wastewater is a promising development direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China.
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, People's Republic of China.
- Qingdao University of Technology, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266525, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejun Bi
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Bai
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recycling, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, People's Republic of China
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16
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Chen J, Zeng J, He Y, Sun S, Wu H, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Wang J, Chen H. Insights into a novel nitrogen removal process based on simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) following nitritation with in-situ NOB elimination. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:160-170. [PMID: 36375902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) is an efficient approach to treat wastewater having a low C/N ratio; however, few studies have investigated a combination of SAD and partial nitritation (PN). In this study, a lab-scale up-flow blanket filter (UBF) and zeolite sequence batch reactor (ZSBR) were continuously operated to implement SAD and PN advantages, respectively. The UBF achieved a high total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of over 70% during the start-up stage (days 1-50), and reached a TN removal efficiency of 96% in the following 90 days (days 51-140) at COD/NH4+-N ratio of 2.5. The absolute abundance of anammox bateria increased to the highest value of 1.58 × 107 copies/µL DNA; Comamonadaceae was predominant in the UBF at the optimal ratio. Meanwhile, ZSBR was initiated on day 115 as fast nitritation process to satisfy the influent requirement for the UBF. The combined process was started on day 140 and then lasted for 30 days, during the combined process, between the two reactors, the UBF was the main contributor for TN (66.5% ± 4.5%) and COD (71.8% ± 4.9%) removal. These results demonstrated that strong SAD occurred in the UBF when following a ZSBR with in-situ NOB elimination. This research presents insights into a novel biological nitrogen removal process for low C/N ratio wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Yiran He
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Shiquan Sun
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- School of Food science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China; Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha 410114, China.
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17
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Candidatus Scalindua, a Biological Solution to Treat Saline Recirculating Aquaculture System Wastewater. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are promising candidates for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. A current limitation of RAS is the production and potential accumulation of nitrogenous wastes, ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2−) and nitrate (NO3−), which could affect fish health and welfare. In a previous experiment, we have demonstrated that the marine anammox bacteria Candidatus Scalindua was a promising candidate to treat the wastewater (WW) of marine, cold-water RAS. However, the activity of the bacteria was negatively impacted after a direct exposure to RAS WW. In the current study, we have further investigated the potential of Ca. Scalindua to treat marine RAS WW in a three-phase experiment. In the first phase (control, 83 days), Ca. Scalindua was fed a synthetic feed, enriched in NH4+, NO2− and trace element (TE) mix. Removal rates of 98.9% and 99.6% for NH4+ and NO2−, respectively, were achieved. In the second phase (116 days), we gradually increased the exposure of Ca. Scalindua to nitrogen-enriched RAS WW over a period of about 80 days. In the last phase (79 days), we investigated the needs of TE supplementation for the Ca. Scalindua after they were fully acclimated to 100% RAS WW. Our results show that the gradual exposure of Ca. Scalindua resulted in a successful acclimation to 100% RAS WW, with maintained high removal rates of both NH4+ and NO2− throughout the experiment. Despite a slight decrease in relative abundance (from 21.4% to 16.7%), Ca. Scalindua remained the dominant species in the granules throughout the whole experiment. We conclude that Ca. Scalindua can be successfully used to treat marine RAS WW, without the addition of TE, once given enough time to acclimate to its new substrate. Future studies need to determine the specific needs for optimal RAS WW treatment by Ca. Scalindua at pilot scale.
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18
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Peng L, Shi R, Tao Y, Huang Q, Yang M, He Y, Xu W. Starting up anammox system with high efficiency nitrogen removal at low temperatures: Performance optimization, sludge characterization and microbial community analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116542. [PMID: 36326524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) has potential advantages for nitrogen removal when operating at medium temperatures, but the increased operation costs of heating limit its application. It would be advantageous to start and operate anammox at low temperatures, the feasibility of which was studied here on a lab scale. Two identical expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors were inoculated at 35 ± 1 °C (Amed) and 15 ± 3 °C (Alow). Results showed that anammox was successful after 138 d for Alow, only 7 d longer than Amed. Stable operation to 194 d in Alow, the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) increased to 1.01 kg m-3·d-1, giving a high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 85%, which was only slightly lower than that of Amed (90%). More extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was produced by the microbes of Alow compared to Amed, which prevented anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) against low temperature stress. Microbial community revealed presence of Candidatus Jettenia in Amed with relative abundance 7.4%, while the "cold-tolerant" Candidatus Kuenenia with 4% was the dominant anammox bacteria in Alow. The anammox granules adapted well to low temperatures and demonstrated high efficiency in anammox process without heating. Therefore, constructing an energy-saving and cost-effective anammox system in high latitudes or high altitudes can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liurui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Rui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Youqi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Maoyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yuecheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Wenlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
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19
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Lu Y, Natarajan G, Nguyen TQN, Thi SS, Arumugam K, Seviour T, Williams RBH, Wuertz S, Law Y. Controlling anammox speciation and biofilm attachment strategy using N-biotransformation intermediates and organic carbon levels. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21720. [PMID: 36522527 PMCID: PMC9755228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment requires a high oxygen and energy input. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), the single-step conversion of ammonium and nitrite to nitrogen gas, is a more energy and cost effective alternative applied extensively to sidestream wastewater treatment. It would also be a mainstream treatment option if species diversity and physiology were better understood. Anammox bacteria were enriched up to 80%, 90% and 50% relative abundance, from a single inoculum, under standard enrichment conditions with either stepwise-nitrite and ammonia concentration increases (R1), nitric oxide supplementation (R2), or complex organic carbon from mainstream wastewater (R3), respectively. Candidatus Brocadia caroliniensis predominated in all reactors, but a shift towards Ca. Brocadia sinica occurred at ammonium and nitrite concentrations > 270 mg NH4-N L-1 and 340 mg NO2-N L-1 respectively. With NO present, heterotrophic growth was inhibited, and Ca. Jettenia coexisted with Ca. B. caroliniensis before diminishing as nitrite increased to 160 mg NO2-N L-1. Organic carbon supplementation led to the emergence of heterotrophic communities that coevolved with Ca. B. caroliniensis. Ca. B. caroliniensis and Ca. Jettenia preferentially formed biofilms on surfaces, whereas Ca. Brocadia sinica formed granules in suspension. Our results indicate that multiple anammox bacteria species co-exist and occupy sub-niches in anammox reactors, and that the dominant population can be reversibly shifted by, for example, changing nitrogen load (i.e. high nitrite concentration favors Ca. Brocadia caroliniensis). Speciation has implications for wastewater process design, where the optimum cell immobilization strategy (i.e. carriers vs granules) depends on which species dominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Present Address: The Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Gayathri Natarajan
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Thi Quynh Ngoc Nguyen
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Present Address: Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138632 Singapore
| | - Sara Swa Thi
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Krithika Arumugam
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Thomas Seviour
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Centre for Water Technology (WATEC) & Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 36, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rohan B. H. Williams
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore ,grid.59025.3b0000 0001 2224 0361School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | - Yingyu Law
- grid.484638.50000 0004 7703 9448Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
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20
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Cheng YF, Zhang ZZ, Ma WJ, Li GF, Huang BC, Fan NS, Jin RC. Response of the mainstream anammox process to the biodegradable carbon sources in the granule-based systems: The difference in self-stratification of the microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158191. [PMID: 35995153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The inevitable introduction of biodegradable carbon sources (such as monosaccharides and volatile fatty acids) originating from pretreatment units might affect the performance of the mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. Two model carbon sources (glucose and acetate) were selected to investigate their effects on granule-based anammox systems under mainstream conditions (70 mg total nitrogen (TN) L-1, 15 °C). At a nitrogen loading rate of 2.87 ± 0.80 kg N m-3 d-1, a satisfactory effluent quality (TN < 10 mg L-1) was achieved in the presence of glucose or acetate at a chemical oxygen demand (COD/N) ratio of 0.5. The contribution of anammox to nitrogen removal decreased with increasing COD/N ratio to 1.0 because the expression of anammox functional genes was inhibited, whereas the expression of denitrifying functional genes was promoted. However, the nitrogen removal efficiency of the two considered reactors was maintained above 80 %. Self-stratification of the microbial community along the reactor height facilitated a functional balance through the retention of anammox bacteria in granules but resulted in washout of denitrifying bacteria in flocs under a high-flow pattern. These findings highlighted the advantages of granule-based systems in the mainstream anammox process due to their inherent biomass self-segregation property and the need for the development of targeted biomass retention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Cheng
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zheng-Zhe Zhang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wen-Jie Ma
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Gui-Feng Li
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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21
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Dsane VF, An S, Choi Y. Distinctive differences in the granulation of saline and non-saline enriched anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (AMX) bacteria. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 122:162-173. [PMID: 35717082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (AMX) process in treating high nitrogen containing wastewaters and a comprehensive study into the granulation mechanism of these bacteria under diverse environmental conditions over the years have been unequal. To this effect, the distinctive differences in saline adapted AMX (S_AMX) and non-saline adapted AMX (NS_AMX) granules are presented in this study. It was observed that substrate utilisation profiles, granule formation mechanism, and pace towards granulation differed marginally for the two adaptation conditions. The different microbial dominant aggregation types aided in splitting the 471 days operated lab-scale SBRs into three distinct phases. In both reactors, phase III (granules dominant phase) showed the highest average nitrogen removal efficiency of 87.9% ± 4.8% and 85.6% ± 3.6% for the S_AMX and NS_AMX processes, respectively. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) quantity and major composition determined its role either as a binding agent in granulation or a survival mechanism in saline adaptation. It was also observed that granules of the S_AMX reactor were mostly loosely and less condensed aggregates of smaller sub-units and flocs while those of the NS_AMX reactor were compact agglomerates. The ionic gradient in saline enrichment led to an increased activity of the Na+/K+ - ATPase, hence enriched granules produced higher cellular adenosine triphosphate molecules which finally improved the granules active biomass ratio by 32.96%. Microbial community showed that about three to four major known AMX species made up the granules consortia in both reactors. Proteins and expression of functional genes differed for these different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victory Fiifi Dsane
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea; Department of Food Process Engineering, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Sumin An
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Younggyun Choi
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
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22
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Santorio S, Val Del Rio A, Amorim CL, Couto AT, Arregui L, Castro PML, Mosquera-Corral A. Microalgae-bacterial biomass outperforms PN-anammox biomass for oxygen saving in continuous-flow granular reactors facing extremely low-strength freshwater aquaculture streams. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136184. [PMID: 36030947 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in water streams is one of the most important and critical quality parameters in aquaculture farms. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of two Continuous Flow Granular Reactors, one based on Partial Nitrification-Anammox biomass (Aquammox CFGR) and the other on Microalgae-Bacteria biomass (AquaMab CFGR), for improving dissolved oxygen availability in the recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS). Both reactors treated the extremely low-strength effluents from a freshwater trout farm (1.39 mg NH4+-N/L and 7.7 mg TOC/L). The Aquammox CFGR, removed up to 68% and 100% of ammonium and nitrite, respectively, but the DO concentration in the effluent was below 1 mg O2/L while the anammox activity was not maintained. In the AquaMab CFGR, bioaugmentation of aerobic granules with microalgae was attained, producing an effluent with DO concentrations up to 9 mg O2/L and removed up to 77% and 80% of ammonium and nitrite, respectively, which is expected to reduce the aeration costs in fish farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Santorio
- CRETUS Institute. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15705, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Angeles Val Del Rio
- CRETUS Institute. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15705, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Catarina L Amorim
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana T Couto
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luz Arregui
- Grupo Tres Mares, S.L. Lires S/n, E-15270 Cee, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anuska Mosquera-Corral
- CRETUS Institute. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15705, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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23
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Hong S, De Clippeleir H, Goel R. Response of mixed community anammox biomass against sulfide, nitrite and recalcitrant carbon in terms of inhibition coefficients and functional gene expressions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136232. [PMID: 36055592 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has evolved as a carbon and energy-efficient nitrogen management bioprocess. However, factors such as inhibitory chemicals still challenge the easy operation of this powerful bioprocess. This research systematically evaluated the inhibition kinetics of sulfide, nitrite, and recalcitrant carbon under a genomic framework. The inhibition at the substrate and genetic levels of sulfide, nitrite and recalcitrant carbon on anammox activity was studied using batch tests. Nitrite inhibition of anammox followed substrate inhibition and was best described by the Aiba model with an inhibition coefficient [Formula: see text] of 324.04 mg N/L. Hydrazine synthase (hzsB) gene (anammox biomarker) expression was increased over time when incubated with nitrite up to 400 mg N/L. However, despite having the highest specific nitrite removal (SNR), the expression of hzsB at 100 and 200 mg N/L of nitrite was more muted than in most other samples with lower SNRs. Sulfide severely inhibited anammox activities. The inhibition was fitted with a Monod-based model with a [Formula: see text] of 4.39 mg S/L. At a sulfide concentration of 5 mg/L, the hzsB expression decreased throughout the experiment from its original value at he beginning. Recalcitrant carbon of filtrate from thermal hydrolysis process pretreated anaerobic digester had a minimal effect on maximum specific anammox activity (MSAA), and thus the value of the inhibition coefficient could not be calculated. At the same time, its hzsB expression profile was similar to that in the control. Resiliency and recovery tests indicated that the inhibition of nitrite (up to 400 mg N/L) and recalcitrant carbon (in 100% filtrate) were reversible. About 32% of MSAA was recovered after repeated exposures to sulfide at 2.5 mg/L, while at 5 mg/L, the inhibition was irreversible. Findings from this study will be helpful for the successful design and implementation of anammox in full-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soklida Hong
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, 110 S Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United States.
| | | | - Ramesh Goel
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, 110 S Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United States.
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24
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Kosgey K, Zungu PV, Bux F, Kumari S. Biological nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:968812. [PMID: 36466689 PMCID: PMC9709150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.968812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen has traditionally been removed from wastewater by nitrification and denitrification processes, in which organic carbon has been used as an electron donor during denitrification. However, some wastewaters contain low concentrations of organic carbon, which may require external organic carbon supply, increasing treatment costs. As a result, processes such as partial nitrification/anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) (PN/A), autotrophic denitrification, nitritation-denitritation and bioelectrochemical processes have been studied as possible alternatives, and are thus evaluated in this study based on process kinetics, applicability at large-scale and process configuration. Oxygen demand for nitritation-denitritation and PN/A is 25% and 60% lower than for nitrification/denitrification, respectively. In addition, PN/A process does not require organic carbon supply, while its supply for nitritation-denitritation is 40% less than for nitrification/denitrification. Both PN/A and nitritation-denitritation produce less sludge compared to nitrification/denitrification, which saves on sludge handling costs. Similarly, autotrophic denitrification generates less sludge compared to heterotrophic denitrification and could save on sludge handling costs. However, autotrophic denitrification driven by metallic ions, elemental sulfur (S) and its compounds could generate harmful chemicals. On the other hand, hydrogenotrophic denitrification can remove nitrogen completely without generation of harmful chemicals, but requires specialized equipment for generation and handling of hydrogen gas (H2), which complicates process configuration. Bioelectrochemical processes are limited by low kinetics and complicated process configuration. In sum, anammox-mediated processes represent the best alternative to nitrification/denitrification for nitrogen removal in low- and high-strength wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiprotich Kosgey
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | | | | | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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25
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Chen AL, Su X, Xing ZL, Xu FQ, Chen SJ, Xiang JX, Li J, Liu H, Zhao TT. Effect mechanism of individual and combined salinity on the nitrogen removal yield of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113834. [PMID: 35810810 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges of applying heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria to treat high salt organic wastewater lies in the inhibitory effect exerted by salinity. To study the inhibition effect and underlying mechanism induced by different ion types and ion composition, the individual and combined effects of NaCl, KCl and Na2SO4 on HN-AD bacteria Acinetobacter sp. TAC-1 were systematically investigated by batch experiments. Results indicated that the ammonia nitrogen removal yield and TAC-1 activity decreased with increased salt concentration. NaCl, KCl and Na2SO4 exerted different degrees of inhibition on TAC-1, with half concentration inhibition constant values of 0.205, 0.238 and 0.110 M, respectively. A synergistic effect on TAC-1 was found with the combinations of NaCl + KCl, NaCl + Na2SO4 and NaCl + KCl + Na2SO4. The whole RNA resequencing suggested that transcripts of denitrification genes (nirB and nasA) were significantly downregulated with increased Na2SO4 concentration. Simultaneously, Na2SO4 stress disrupted cell respiration, DNA replication, transcription, translation, and induced oxidative stress. Finally, we proposed a conceptual model to summarize the inhibition mechanisms and possible response strategies of TAC-1 bacteria under Na2SO4 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xia Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
| | - Fu-Qing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Shang-Jie Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jin-Xin Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Juan Li
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Tian-Tao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
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26
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Li C, Ding A, Guo J, Song F, Lu P. Response of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation enrichment to salinity stress: Process and microbiology. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114069. [PMID: 35964668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) is a novel biological process which could decrease nitrogen pollution and methane emission simultaneously in wastewater treatment. Salinity as a key environmental factor has important effects on microbial community and activity, however, it remains unclear for DAMO microorganisms. In this study, response of the enrichment of DAMO archaea and bacteria to different salinity was investigated from the aspect of process and microbiology. The results showed that the increasing salinity from 0.14% to 25% evidently deteriorated DAMO process, with the average removal rate of nitrate and methane decreased from 1.91 mg N/(L·d) to 0.07 mg N/(L·d) and 3.22 μmol/d to 0.59 μmol/d, respectively. The observed IC50 value of salinity on the DAMO culture was 1.73%. Further microbial analyses at the gene level suggested that the relative abundance of DAMO archaea in the enrichment decreased to 46%, 39%, 38% and 33% of the initial value. However, DAMO bacteria suffered less impact with the relative abundance maintaining over 75% of the initial value (except 1% salinity). In functional genes of DAMO bacteria, pmoA, decreased gradually from 100% to 86%, 43%, 15% and 2%, while mcrA (DAMO archaea) maintained at 67%-97%. This difference probably indicated DAMO bacteria appeared functional inhibition prior to community inhibition, which was opposite for the DAMO archaea. Results above-mentioned concluded that, though the process of nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation was driven by the couple of DAMO archaea and bacteria, they individually featured different response to high salinity stress. These findings could be helpful for the application of DAMO-based process in high salinity wastewater treatment, and also the understanding to DAMO microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region 's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Department of Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Aqiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region 's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Department of Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| | - Junliang Guo
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Fuzhong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region 's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Department of Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Peili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region 's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Department of Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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27
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Deng YF, Zan FX, Huang H, Wu D, Tang WT, Chen GH. Coupling sulfur-based denitrification with anammox for effective and stable nitrogen removal: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119051. [PMID: 36113234 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anoxic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process for wastewater treatment. However, the unstable nitrite supply and residual nitrate in the anammox process have limited its wide application. Recent studies have proven coupling of sulfur-based denitrification with anammox (SDA) can achieve an effective nitrogen removal, owing to stable provision of substrate nitrite from the sulfur-based denitrification, thus making its process control more efficient in comparison with that of partial nitrification and anammox process. Meanwhile, the anammox-produced nitrate can be eliminated through sulfur-based denitrification, thereby enhancing SDA's overall nitrogen removal efficiency. Nonetheless, this process is governed by a complex microbial system that involves both complicated sulfur and nitrogen metabolisms as well as multiple interactions among sulfur-oxidising bacteria and anammox bacteria. A comprehensive understanding of the principles of the SDA process is the key to facilitating the development and application of this novel process. Hence, this review is conducted to systematically summarise various findings on the SDA process, including its associated biochemistry, biokinetic reactions, reactor performance, and application. The dominant functional bacteria and microbial interactions in the SDA process are further discussed. Finally, the advantages, challenges, and future research perspectives of SDA are outlined. Overall, this work gives an in-depth insight into the coupling mechanism of SDA and its potential application in biological nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Republic of Korea
| | - Wen-Tao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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28
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Zungu PV, Kosgey K, Kumari S, Bux F. Effects of antimicrobials in anammox mediated systems: critical review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:1551-1564. [PMID: 36178823 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anammox-mediated systems are thought to be cost-effective and efficient technologies for removing nitrogen from wastewater by converting nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas. However, there are inhibitory substances that reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of these processes, preventing their widespread application. Antimicrobial agents are among these substances that have been observed to inhibit anammox-mediated processes. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of various antimicrobials on the anammox-based systems with emphasis on the effects in different reactor configurations, sludge types and microbial population of anammox-based systems. In addition, this review also discusses the mechanisms by which nitrifying bacteria are inhibited by the antimicrobials. Gaps in knowledge based on this review as well as future research needs have also been suggested. This review gives a better knowledge of antimicrobial effects on anammox-based systems and provides some guidance on the type of system to use to treat antimicrobial-containing wastewater using anammox-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumza Vuyokazi Zungu
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa E-mail:
| | - Kiprotich Kosgey
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa E-mail:
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa E-mail:
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa E-mail:
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29
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Wang Q, He S, Yang W, Zhu J, Zhang W, Xue R, Liu L. The effects of salinity changes on anammox performance: The response rule and tolerance mechanism. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10789. [PMID: 36102325 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Some wastewaters contain high concentrations of ammonia coexisting with large amounts of salt, which might negatively affect the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. In this study, the performance of the anammox process under different saline conditions was investigated using an upflow anaerobic sludge bed-anammox system. After long-term operating for 275 days, the results indicated that the nitrogen removal efficiency remained high under the 0-40 g NaCl/L, and low salinity (15 g NaCl/L) substantially promoted specific anammox activity. Affected by the saline environment, the appearance, color, and shape of sludge notably changed, and the amount of extracellular polymeric substances gradually increased with increasing salinity, which might be one of the reasons for the strong salt tolerance of the system. Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes were the dominant strains under long-term salinity, and Brocadiaceae_g_ unclassified exhibited halophilic characteristics. The redundancy analysis results showed that the concentration of influent NH4 + -N and salinity were the main environmental factors affecting the microbial community of the system. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Provides data to support the maximum value for salinity wastewater treatment with anammox processes' tolerance of 40 g NaCl/L. EPS changes may be responsible for the response to salinity challenges and provide direction for high salinity wastewater treatment. Brocadiaceae_g_ unclassified exhibited a halophilic quality. And it can be focused on to improve treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shilong He
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wan Yang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiabao Zhu
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenkang Zhang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Runze Xue
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Longmin Liu
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou, China
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30
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Zhang Q, Lin JG, Kong Z, Zhang Y. A critical review of exogenous additives for improving the anammox process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155074. [PMID: 35398420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anammox achieves chemoautotrophic nitrogen removal under anaerobic and anoxic conditions and is a low-carbon wastewater biological nitrogen removal process with broad application potential. However, the physiological limitations of AnAOB often cause problems in engineering applications, such as a long start-up time, unstable operation, easily inhibited reactions, and difficulty in long-term strain preservation. Exogenous additives have been considered an alternative strategy to address these issues by retaining microbes, shortening the doubling time of AnAOB and improving functional enzyme activity. This paper reviews the role of carriers, biochar, intermediates, metal ions, reaction substrates, redox buffers, cryoprotectants and organics in optimizing anammox. The pathways and mechanisms of exogenous additives, which are explored to solve problems, are systematically summarized and analyzed in this article according to operational performance, functional enzyme activity, and microbial abundance to provide helpful information for the engineering application of anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jih-Gaw Lin
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Zhe Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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31
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Wang L, Gu W, Liu Y, Liang P, Zhang X, Huang X. Challenges, solutions and prospects of mainstream anammox-based process for municipal wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153351. [PMID: 35077796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process has a promising application prospect for the mainstream deammonification of municipal wastewater due to its high efficiency and low energy consumption. In this paper, challenges and solutions of mainstream anammox-based process are summarized by analyzing the literature of recent ten years. Slow growth rate of anammox bacteria is a main challenge for mainstream anammox-based process, and enhancement of bacteria retention has been recognized to be necessary. Compared with directly increasing sludge retention time (SRT) with membrane bioreactors or sequencing batch reactors, culturing anammox bacteria in the form of biofilm or granule sludge is more promising for its feasibility of eliminating nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Besides, adding external electron donors or conductive materials and enriching the concentration of ammonia with absorption materials have also been proved helpful to improve the activity of anammox bacteria. Other challenges include the elimination of NOB and achieving ideal ratio of NH4+ and NO2-. To solve these problems and achieve stable partial nitrification, composite control strategies based on low SRT and limited aeration are needed based on the special characteristics of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and NOB. When treating actual wastewater, interference of low temperature and components in the influent is another problem. Relatively high activity of anammox bacteria has been realized after artificial acclimation at low temperature and the mechanism was also preliminary explored. Different pre-treatment sections have been designed to reduce the concentration of COD and S2- from the influent. As for the nitrate produced by the anammox reaction, coupling processes are useful to reduce the concentration of nitrate in the effluent. In brief, suitable reactor and coupling process should be selected according to the temperature, influent quality and discharge targets of different regions. The future prospects of the mainstream anammox-based process are also put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wancong Gu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchen Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Polizzi C, Gabriel D, Munz G. Successful sulphide-driven partial denitrification: Efficiency, stability and resilience in SRT-controlled conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133936. [PMID: 35149015 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Partial denitrification is emerging as a valuable solution for NO2- supply in Anammox systems. When reduced sulphur compounds are used as electron donors, S-driven Partial Autotrophic Denitrification (PAD) can also be achieved, allowing for an integrated autotrophic nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) removal from liquid and gaseous streams. The aim of the present work was to maximise NO3- reduction to NO2- coupled with complete HS- oxidation, by the selective control of influent S/N ratio and sludge retention time (SRT). A 2.5-L chemostat was operated for 115 days and three operational phases were tested at decreasing SRT of 40, 23 and 13 h, testing S/N ratios in the range of 0.5-1 gS/gN. Successful sulphide-driven PAD was achieved and lead to average NO2- conversion efficiencies as high as77±17% at all the conditions tested, with the highest value of 99% at the lowest S/N of 0.58 gS/gN and SRT of 23 h. Respirometric tests showed that NO3- uptake rate was stable at 90±10 mgN/gVSS/h, when NO3- was present as sole electron acceptor or at NO2- levels as high as 120 mgN/l; on the contrary, NO2- uptake rates were very sensitive to the applied conditions. Metabarcoding analyses revealed that the microbial community was highly enriched in Sulphur Oxidizing Bacteria (SOB>80%) and stable S-limiting conditions appeared to favour Thiobacillus over Sulfurimonas genus. A preliminary assessment of N2O potential emission was also performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work evaluating the synergic effect of SRT and influent S/N ratio on nitrite accumulation in highly SOB-enriched systems and the NO2- conversion efficiencies achieved are among the highest reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Polizzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta, 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy.
| | - David Gabriel
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola D'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Giulio Munz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta, 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy
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Olsheimer D, la Cour Jansen J, Gustavsson DJI. Ex-situ manometric activity test for evaluation of mainstream anammox in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1980-1987. [PMID: 33308025 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1864023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implementing anammox based processes in the mainstream at municipal wastewater treatment plants is challenging and requires carefully constructed control strategies in order to be successful. A method to measure the specific anammox activity was further developed and implemented in the mainstream anammox pilot plant at Sjölunda Wastewater Treatment Plant. The method was found to be reliable and reproducible. The influence of initial nitrite and ammonium concentrations on the activity as well as temperature dependency were analysed. The continuously monitored manometric batch tests were performed on Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor carriers type K1®. The activity showed a dependency of initial nitrite concentrations below 75 mg N L-1 whereas the activity was independent of initial nitrite concentrations in the interval of 75-125 mg N L-1. Temperature dependency of the specific anammox activity as expressed in activation energy Ea increased at lower temperatures (10-20°C) compared to higher temperatures (20-30°C). Decreasing temperature from 30°C to 10°C resulted in 95-98% loss of the anammox activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Olsheimer
- Ramboll Sverige AB, Malmö, Sweden
- Water and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jes la Cour Jansen
- Water and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Kosugi Y, Matsuura N, Honda R, Yamashita T, Yamamoto-Ikemoto R. Effects of organic carbon and sulfide on the anammox reaction in the anoxic column in the SRDAPN process for treating high-strength wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114459. [PMID: 35104700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Low energy consumption treatment of high-strength wastewater is crucial in controlling groundwater pollution and eutrophication in closed waterbodies. In this study, the sulfate reduction, denitrification/anammox, and partial nitrification (SRDAPN) process, which is an effective organic carbon and nitrogen removal process with low energy consumption for low strength wastewater, was applied to treat livestock wastewater with high COD and sulfate concentration, and microbial reaction and community were examined using an anaerobic-anoxic biological filter reactor that simulates circulation from an aerobic reactor. At a total organic carbon loading rate of 2.7-5.8 kgC/m3·day, sulfate reduction and methane production occurred simultaneously in the anaerobic column of the reactor. Specifically, sulfate reduction resulted in organic matter removal rates of 38 and 26% at ambient temperature and 25 °C, respectively. Furthermore, both heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification occurred in the anoxic column, and when the organic loading rate in the anoxic reactor was below 0.2 kgC/m3·day, 33%-37% of ammonium and 33%-34% of nitrite were removed by the anammox reaction. Heterotrophic denitrification bacteria (Thauera, Comamonas, and Denitratisoma) and sulfur denitrification bacteria (Sulfurimonas denitrificans) grew in the lower and middle parts of the anoxic column, whereas anammox bacteria (2.5% of Candidatus Brocadia at ambient temperature and 9.4% of Candidatus Kuenenia at 25 °C) grew in the upper part of the anoxic column. These results indicate that the SRDAPN process based on sulfur cycle and anammox is useful for treatment of high strength wastewater with low energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kosugi
- Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan; Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ishikawa College, Tsubata-machi, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 929-0392, Japan
| | - Norihisa Matsuura
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryo Honda
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamashita
- Division of Animal Environment and Waste Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0901, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto
- Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Henkel JV, Schulz-Vogt HN, Dellwig O, Pollehne F, Schott T, Meeske C, Beier S, Jürgens K. Biological manganese-dependent sulfide oxidation impacts elemental gradients in redox-stratified systems: indications from the Black Sea water column. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:1523-1533. [PMID: 35124702 PMCID: PMC9122950 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-022-01200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of manganese oxide with sulfide in aquatic redox-stratified systems was previously considered to be mainly chemical, but recent isolation of the Black Sea isolate Candidatus Sulfurimonas marisnigri strain SoZ1 suggests an important role for biological catalyzation. Here we provide evidence from laboratory experiments, field data, and modeling that the latter process has a strong impact on redox zonation in the Black Sea. High relative abundances of Sulfurimonas spp. across the redoxcline in the central western gyre of the Black Sea coincided with the high-level expression of both the sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase gene (sqr, up to 93% expressed by Sulfurimonas spp.) and other sulfur oxidation genes. The cell-specific rate of manganese-coupled sulfide oxidation by Ca. S. marisnigri SoZ1 determined experimentally was combined with the in situ abundance of Sulfurimonas spp. in a one-dimensional numerical model to calculate the vertical sulfide distribution. Abiotic sulfide oxidation was too slow to counterbalance the sulfide flux from euxinic water. We conclude that microbially catalyzed Mn-dependent sulfide oxidation influences the element cycles of Mn, S, C, and N and therefore the prevalence of other functional groups of prokaryotes (e.g., anammox bacteria) in a sulfide-free, anoxic redox zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Henkel
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany.
| | - H N Schulz-Vogt
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
| | - O Dellwig
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
| | - F Pollehne
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
| | - T Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
| | - C Meeske
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
| | - S Beier
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
| | - K Jürgens
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, Rostock, 18119, Germany
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Gamoń F, Cema G, Ziembińska-Buczyńska A. The influence of antibiotics on the anammox process - a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:8074-8090. [PMID: 34845633 PMCID: PMC8776664 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is one of the most promising processes for the treatment of ammonium-rich wastewater. It is more effective, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly than the conventional process currently in use for nitrogen removal. Unfortunately, anammox bacteria are sensitive to various substances, including heavy metals and organic matter commonly found in the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Of these deleterious substances, antibiotics are recognized to be important. For decades, the increasing consumption of antibiotics has led to the increased occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment, including wastewater. One of the most important issues related to antibiotic pollution is the generation and transfer of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we will discuss the effect of short- and long-term exposure of the anammox process to antibiotic pollutants; with a special focus on the activity of the anammox bacteria, biomass properties, community structures, the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and combined effect of antibiotics with other substances commonly found in wastewater. Further, the defense mechanisms according to which bacteria adapt against antibiotic stress are speculated upon. This review aims to facilitate a better understanding of the influence of antibiotics and other co-pollutants on the anammox process and to highlight future avenues of research to target gaps in the knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Gamoń
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Cema
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
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37
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Nitrogen Removal from Mature Landfill Leachate via Anammox Based Processes: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14020995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mature landfill leachate is a complex and highly polluted effluent with a large amount of ammonia nitrogen, toxic components and low biodegradability. Its COD/N and BOD5/COD ratios are low, which is not suitable for traditional nitrification and denitrification processes. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) is an innovative biological denitrification process, relying on anammox bacteria to form stable biofilms or granules. It has been extensively used in nitrogen removal of mature landfill leachate due to its high efficiency, low cost and sludge yield. This paper reviewed recent advances of anammox based processes for mature landfill leachate treatment. The state of the art anammox process for mature landfill leachate is systematically described, mainly including partial nitrification–anammox, partial nitrification–anammox coupled denitrification. At the same time, the microbiological analysis of the process operation was given. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has the merit of saving the carbon source and aeration energy, while its practical application is mainly limited by an unstable influent condition, operational control and seasonal temperature variation. To improve process efficiency, it is suggested to develop some novel denitrification processes coupled with anammox to reduce the inhibition of anammox bacteria by mature landfill leachate, and to find cheap new carbon sources (methane, waste fruits) to improve the biological denitrification efficiency of the anammox system.
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Differences in the Effects of Calcium and Magnesium Ions on the Anammox Granular Properties to Alleviate Salinity Stress. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Divalent cations were known to alleviate salinity stress on anammox bacteria. Understanding the mechanism of reducing the salinity stress on anammox granules is essential for the application of the anammox process for saline wastewater treatment. In this study, the effect of Ca2+ and Mg2+ augmentation on the recovery of the activity of freshwater anammox granules affected by salinity stress was evaluated. At the condition of a salinity stress of 5 g NaCl/L, the specific anammox activity (SAA) of the granule decreased to 50% of that of the SAA without NaCl treatment. Augmentation of Ca2+ at the optimum concentration of 200 mg/L increased the SAA up to 78% of the original activity, while the augmentation of Mg2+ at the optimum concentration of 70 mg/L increased the SAA up to 71%. EPS production in the granules was increased by the augmentation of divalent cations compared with the granules affected by salinity stress. In the soluble EPS, the ratio of protein to polysaccharides was higher in the granules augmented by Ca2+ than with Mg2+, and the functional groups of the EPS differed from each other. The amount of Na+ sequestered in the soluble EPS was increased by the augmentation of divalent cations, which seems to contribute to the alleviation of salinity stress. Ca. Kuenenia-like anammox bacteria, which were known to be salinity stress-tolerant, were predominant in the granules and there was no significant difference in the microbial community of the granules by the salinity stress treatment. Our results suggest that the alleviation effect of the divalent cations on the salinity stress on the anammox granules might be associated with the increased production of different EPS rather than in changes to the anammox bacteria.
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Wang W, Zhu J, Xiong D, Su Y, Li Y, Fu J. Comparison between two anammox fiber fillers under load impact and the effect of HCO 3 - concentration. RSC Adv 2021; 12:24-31. [PMID: 35424468 PMCID: PMC8978840 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07982d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the establishment of a stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment system in 100 days, the impact resistances of two different anammox fiber fillers (the curtain filler: R1 and the bundle filler: BR) were compared. Furthermore, the effect of HCO3− concentration on the bundle filler system was also investigated, the results have shown that the activity of the two anammox fiber fillers was not inhibited when the NO2−–N concentration was lower than 750 mg L−1 (FNA = 0.085 mg L−1), while it was significantly suppressed at 900 mg L−1 (FNA = 0.118 mg L−1). However, the two fiber fillers could be recovered and exhibit a good impact resistance reduction of the substrate concentration. On day 95, the structure of the bundle filler was more conducive to the stable attachment, proliferation, and aggregation of anammox bacteria. Dominant anammox bacteria in both the curtain and bundle fillers were Candidatus Kuenenia, which accounted for 25.9% and 35.9% of the total population, respectively. When the influent HCO3− concentration was 900 mg L−1, the bundled fiber filler had the highest total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency, which reached 89.0%. Even though it was inhibited under 2000 mg L−1 of HCO3− concentration, the reactor was able to recover within one week by reducing the substrate concentration. In addition, the HCO3− inhibition mechanism was independent of pH, which resulted in high FA content. Based on the establishment of a stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment system in 100 days, the impact resistances of two different anammox fiber fillers (the curtain filler: R1 and the bundle filler: BR) were compared.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University 116026 Dalian China
| | - Jinghai Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University 116026 Dalian China
| | - Deqi Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University 116026 Dalian China
| | - Yang Su
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University 110168 Shenyang China
| | - Yehui Li
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University 110168 Shenyang China
| | - Jinxiang Fu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University 110168 Shenyang China
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40
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Madeira CL, de Araújo JC. Inhibition of anammox activity by municipal and industrial wastewater pollutants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149449. [PMID: 34371406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of the anammox process for nitrogen removal has gained popularity across the world due to its low energy consumption and waste generation. Anammox reactors have been used to treat ammonium-rich effluents such as chemical, pharmaceutical, semiconductor, livestock, and coke oven wastewater. Recently, full-scale installations have been implemented for municipal wastewater treatment. The efficiency of biological processes is susceptible to inhibitory effects of pollutants present in wastewater. Considering the increasing number of emerging contaminants detected in wastewater, the impacts of the different types of pollutants on anammox bacteria must be understood. This review presents a compilation of the studies assessing the inhibitory effects of different wastewater pollutants towards anammox activity. The pollutants were classified as antibiotics, aromatics, azoles, surfactants, microplastics, organic solvents, humic substances, biodegradable organic matter, or metals and metallic nanoparticles. The interactions between the pollutants and anammox bacteria have been described, as well as the interactions between different pollutants leading to synergistic effects. We also reviewed the effects of pollutants on distinct species of anammox bacteria, and the main toxicity mechanisms leading to irreversible loss of anammox activity have been identified. Finally, we provided an analysis of strategies to overcome the inhibitory effects of wastewater pollutants on the nitrogen removal performance. We believe this review will contribute with essential information to assist the operation and design of anammox reactors treating different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Leite Madeira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Calábria de Araújo
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Kasak K, Espenberg M, Anthony TL, Tringe SG, Valach AC, Hemes KS, Silver WL, Mander Ü, Kill K, McNicol G, Szutu D, Verfaillie J, Baldocchi DD. Restoring wetlands on intensive agricultural lands modifies nitrogen cycling microbial communities and reduces N 2O production potential. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 299:113562. [PMID: 34425499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of nitrous oxide (N2O), an ozone-depleting greenhouse gas, is rapidly increasing in the atmosphere. Most atmospheric N2O originates in terrestrial ecosystems, of which the majority can be attributed to microbial cycling of nitrogen in agricultural soils. Here, we demonstrate how the abundance of nitrogen cycling genes vary across intensively managed agricultural fields and adjacent restored wetlands in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta in California, USA. We found that the abundances of nirS and nirK genes were highest at the intensively managed organic-rich cornfield and significantly outnumber any other gene abundances, suggesting very high N2O production potential. The quantity of nitrogen transforming genes, particularly those responsible for denitrification, nitrification and DNRA, were highest in the agricultural sites, whereas nitrogen fixation and ANAMMOX was strongly associated with the wetland sites. Although the abundance of nosZ genes was also high at the agricultural sites, the ratio of nosZ genes to nir genes was significantly higher in wetland sites indicating that these sites could act as a sink of N2O. These findings suggest that wetland restoration could be a promising natural climate solution not only for carbon sequestration but also for reduced N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuno Kasak
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Geography, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mikk Espenberg
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Geography, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tyler L Anthony
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Alex C Valach
- Climate and Agriculture Group, Agroscope, Switzerland
| | | | - Whendee L Silver
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ülo Mander
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Geography, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Keit Kill
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Geography, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gavin McNicol
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daphne Szutu
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Verfaillie
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dennis D Baldocchi
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
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42
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Bonassa G, Bolsan AC, Hollas CE, Venturin B, Candido D, Chini A, De Prá MC, Antes FG, Campos JL, Kunz A. Organic carbon bioavailability: Is it a good driver to choose the best biological nitrogen removal process? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147390. [PMID: 33964770 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic carbon can affect the biological nitrogen removal process since the Anammox, heterotrophic and denitrifying bacteria have different affinities and feedback in relation to carbon/nitrogen ratio. Therefore, we reviewed the wastewater carbon concentration, its biodegradability and bioavailability to choose the appropriate nitrogen removal process between conventional (nitrification-denitrification) and Anammox-based process (i.e. integrated with the partial nitritation, nitritation, simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification or partial-denitrification). This review will cover: (i) strategies to choose the best nitrogen removal route according to the wastewater characteristics in relation to the organic matter bioavailability and biodegradability; (ii) strategies to efficiently remove nitrogen and the remaining carbon from effluent in anammox-based process and its operating cost; (iii) an economic analysis to determine the operational costs of two-units Anammox-based process when compared with the commonly applied one-unit Anammox system (partial-nitritation-Anammox). On this review, a list of alternatives are summarized and explained for different nitrogen and biodegradable organic carbon concentrations, which are the main factors to determine the best treatment process, based on operational and economic terms. In summary, it depends on the wastewater carbon biodegradability, which implies in the wastewater treatment cost. Thus, to apply the conventional nitrification/denitrification process a CODb/N ratio higher than 3.5 is required to achieve full nitrogen removal efficiency. For an economic point of view, according to the analysis the minimum CODb/gN for successful nitrogen removal by nitrification/denitrification is 5.8 g. If ratios lower than 3.5 are applied, for successfully higher nitrogen removal rates and the economic feasibility of the treatment, Anammox-based routes can be applied to the wastewater treatment plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruno Venturin
- Western Paraná State University, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniela Candido
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, 99700-000 Erechim, Brazil
| | - Angélica Chini
- Western Paraná State University, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Marina C De Prá
- Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), 85660-000 Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | | | - José Luis Campos
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Avda. Padre Hurtado 750, 2503500 Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Airton Kunz
- Western Paraná State University, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil; Federal University of Fronteira Sul, 99700-000 Erechim, Brazil; Embrapa Suínos e Aves, 89715-899 Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
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Chen W, Hu F, Li X, Yang W, Feng S, Yang D, Pang W, Lu B. Deciphering the mechanism of medium size anammox granular sludge driving better nitrogen removal performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125317. [PMID: 34087730 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an integrated investigation to the microbial activities, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), microbial community and function of anammox granular sludge (AnGS) was performed.Results showed that AnGS at 0.5-1.0 mm had the highest average specific anammox activity (SAA) of 345.9 mg NH4+-N·gVSS-1·d-1, but AnGS at 1.0-1.5 mm with higher SAA might lead to better nitrogen removal efficiency. The content of slime EPS and SAA achieved positively correlation with R2 of 98.11%, while protein/polysaccharide ratio of slime EPS and sludge volume index achieved negatively correlation with R2 of 99.13%. Cadidatus Broccadia and Denitratisoma were positive correlations and most abundant in AnGS 0.5-1.0 mm of 20% and AnGS 1.0-1.5 mm of 37%, respectively. AnGS at 0.5-1.0 mm exhibited higher energy metabolism which mostly contributed to produce protein. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms of AnGS about 1 mm playing more important role in nitrogen removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China.
| | - Fan Hu
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Xueting Li
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Wenlan Yang
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Shaoyuan Feng
- School of the Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Dianhai Yang
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Weihai Pang
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Bin Lu
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Wang Y, Ji XM, Jin RC. How anammox responds to the emerging contaminants: Status and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112906. [PMID: 34087646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous researches have been carried out to study the effects of emerging contaminants in wastewater, such as antibiotics, nanomaterials, heavy metals, and microplastics, on the anammox process. However, they are fragmented and difficult to provide a comprehensive understanding of their effects on reactor performance and the metabolic mechanisms in anammox bacteria. Therefore, this paper overviews the effects on anammox processes by the introduced emerging contaminants in the past years to fulfill such knowledge gaps that affect our perception of the inhibitory mechanisms and limit the optimization of the anammox process. In detail, their effects on anammox processes from the aspects of reactor performance, microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and functional genes related to anammox and nitrogen transformation in anammox consortia are summarized. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanisms causing the cell death of anammox bacteria, such as induction of reactive oxygen species, limitation of substrates diffusion, and membrane binding are proposed. By offering this review, the remaining research gaps are identified, and the potential metabolic mechanisms in anammox consortia are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ji
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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45
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Liu Z, Lin W, Luo Q, Chen Y, Hu Y. Effects of an organic carbon source on the coupling of sulfur(thiosulfate)-driven denitration with Anammox process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125280. [PMID: 34015567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The sulfur(thiosulfate)-driven autotrophic denitrification coupled with Anammox (SDDA) process is proposed as an emerging technology for wastewater containing NH4+-N and NO3--N. However, the influence of organic matter on the SDDA process is not fully understood. A long-term experiment has shown that a moderate organic (acetate) (<140 mg/L COD) can accelerate the heterotrophic/autotrophic denitrification and Anammox activity, to reach as high as 92.8% ± 0.3% total nitrogen at a loading rate of 1.34 kg-N/(m3·d). Batch test results showed that Anammox made the largest contribution to the removal of nitrogen, even in an SDDA system with COD addition. Additionally, organics can promote the bioavailability of solid sulfur through reaction with sulfide to form polysulfides, which increased nitrite accumulation to forward Anammox process. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (e.g., Thiobacillus and Denitratisoma) coexisted with Anammox bacteria (e.g., Ca. Brocadia and Ca. Kuenenia) in the SDDA system despite the addition of exogenous COD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenmin Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qijin Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, 510006, China; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuancai Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yongyou Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, School of Environment and Energy, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Yokota N, Mineshima R, Watanabe Y, Tokutomi T, Kiyokawa T, Nishiyama T, Fujii T, Furukawa K. Startup of pilot-scale single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) reactor for waste brine treatment using marine anammox bacteria. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 132:505-512. [PMID: 34420896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study is the first to demonstrate the startup of a pilot-scale single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) reactor utilizing marine anammox bacteria. A complete mixing type reactor, continuously fed with waste brine obtained from a natural gas plant (salinity 3%, NH4+-N 130-180 mg/L) and having an effective volume of 2 m3, achieved stable operation at temperatures of 20-30°C with a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 1.43 kg-N/m3/day. During the startup process, along with a small amount of seed sludge, granular sludge was additionally inoculated as a biomass carrier for the enrichment of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), followed by the enrichment of anammox bacteria. A mesh screen equipped at the outlet of the reactor facilitated the successful sludge retention in the reactor. Analysis of bacterial community composition indicated that Candidatus Scalindua was successfully enriched in the pilot SNAP reactor. These methods for stable sludge retention in the reactor greatly contributed to the startup of the first pilot-scale SNAP reactor using marine anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Yokota
- Kanto Natural Gas Development Co., Ltd., 661 Mobara, Mobara, Chiba 297-8550, Japan.
| | - Ryota Mineshima
- Kanto Natural Gas Development Co., Ltd., 661 Mobara, Mobara, Chiba 297-8550, Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Watanabe
- Kanto Natural Gas Development Co., Ltd., 661 Mobara, Mobara, Chiba 297-8550, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tokutomi
- Kurita Water Industries, Ltd., 1-1 Kawada, Nogi-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi 329-0105, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kiyokawa
- Kurita Water Industries, Ltd., 1-1 Kawada, Nogi-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi 329-0105, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishiyama
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Takao Fujii
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Kenji Furukawa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Weralupitiya C, Wanigatunge R, Joseph S, Athapattu BCL, Lee TH, Kumar Biswas J, Ginige MP, Shiung Lam S, Senthil Kumar P, Vithanage M. Anammox bacteria in treating ammonium rich wastewater: Recent perspective and appraisal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:125240. [PMID: 33964811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of anammox process has provided eco-friendly and low-cost means of treating ammonia rich wastewater with remarkable efficiency. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that the possibility of operating the anammox process under low temperatures and high organic matter contents broadening the application of the anammox process. However, short doubling time and extensive levels of sensitivity towards nutrients and environmental alterations such as salinity and temperature are the limitations in practical applications of the anammox process. This review article provides the recent yet comprehensive viewpoint on anammox bacteria and the key perspectives in applying them as an efficient strategy for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanusha Weralupitiya
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rasika Wanigatunge
- Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sarangi Joseph
- Department of Civil Engineering, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies, and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
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Deng YF, Tang WT, Huang H, Qian J, Wu D, Chen GH. Development of a kinetic model to evaluate thiosulfate-driven denitrification and anammox (TDDA) process. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117155. [PMID: 33915406 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the integration of sulfur-driven denitrification and anammox process has been extensively studied as a promising alternative nitrogen removal technology. Most of these studies investigated the process feasibility and monitored the community dynamics. However, an in-depth understanding of this new sulfur-nitrogen cycle bioprocess based on mathematical modeling and elucidation of complex interactions among different microorganisms has not yet been achieved. To fill this gap, we developed a kinetic model (with 7 bioprocesses, 12 variables, and 19 parameters) to assess the sulfur(thiosulfate)-driven denitrification and anammox (TDDA) process in a single reactor. The parameters used in this process were separately estimated by fitting the data obtained from the experiments. Then, the model was further validated under different conditions, and the results demonstrated that the developed model could describe the dynamic behaviors of nitrogen and sulfur conversions in the TDDA system. The newly developed branched thiosulfate oxidation model was also verified by conducting a metagenomics analysis. Using the developed model, we i) examined the interactions between sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria at steady-state conditions with varying substrates to demonstrate the reliability of TDDA, and ii) evaluated the feasibility and operation of the TDDA process in terms of practical implementation. Our results will benefit further exploration of the significance of this novel S-N cycle bioprocess and guide its future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Tao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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Nguyen HTM, Tran HTH. Effect of organic matter on nitrogen removal through the anammox process. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:608-619. [PMID: 33034096 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process, the anammox bacterial activity is inhibited by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) contents. In this study, the effect of the COD/total nitrogen (TN) ratio and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the efficiency of the anammox process in a fixed-bed reactor was assessed via experiments with increasing COD/TN ratios from 0 to 7.0 and different HRTs of 6, 9, and 12 hr. Felibendy cubes were used as the biomass carrier. The presence of organic compounds affects the performance of the treatment process, and the level of influence increases with the increase in influent COD. With COD greater than 300 mg/L, the anammox process was inhibited, TN efficiency was the lowest, and effluent water quality did not yield effluent standards. The kinetic parameters Umax (the maximum substrate removal rate constant) and KB (the saturation constant) of the Stover-Kincannon model corresponding to the different COD/TN ratios were determined in this study. The kinetic parameter values of the ammonium removal process decreased gradually from Umax = 0.685 g/L/day and KB = 0.846 g/L/day, for COD/TN = 0, to Umax = 0.314 g/L/day and KB = 0.498 g/L/day, for COD/TN = 6. The kinetic parameter of the TN removal process also decreased gradually as the COD/TN ratio in wastewater increased gradually. This means that the anammox process was inhibited as much as high organic compounds. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The higher COD/TN ratios the more anammox activity is affected, especially COD/TN = 7.0 (COD = 350 mg/L). The tolerance threshold of anammox process about organic matter concentration is 300 mg/L as COD (COD/TN ratio <6). With the COD/TN ratios from 1.0 to 6.0, the values of Umax and KB constants of Stover-Kincannon model for ammonium removal by Anammox process decrease gradually from 0.685 to 0.314 and from 0.846 to 0.498, respectively.
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50
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Si P, Li J, Xie W, Dong H, Qiang Z. Deciphering nitrogen removal mechanism through marine anammox bacteria treating nitrogen-laden saline wastewater under various phosphate doses: Microbial community shift and phosphate crystal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124707. [PMID: 33482477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of phosphate on marine anammox bacteria (MAB)-dominated anammox process in nitrogen-laden saline wastewater was first investigated. The activity of MAB was enhanced by dosing low concentrations of phosphate (5-30 mg/L PO43--P), and the time of complete ammonium removal was shortened by 0.5 h. When PO43--P exceeded 160 mg/L, the calcium magnesium phosphate precipitation was formed in the reactor. The contact between substrates and biomass was hindered by the sediments, and the nitrogen removal performance of MAB was also worsened. At 400 mg/L PO43--P, the ammonium removal rate and nitrite removal rate decreased to 0.45 and 0.43 kg/(m3⋅d), respectively. During the 158-day operation, MAB was still the dominant strain, but its relative abundance decreased by 15.4% at 400 mg/L PO43--P. Besides, the presence of sediments stimulated the production of extracellular polymeric substances and the maximum yield reached 11.25 mg/g⋅wet weight at 200 mg/L PO43--P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinkun Si
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Wenxia Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huiyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhimin Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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