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Zahra Dourandish, Sheikhshoaie I, Beitollahi H. Graphene Quantum Dots Modified Graphite Screen Printed Electrode for the Electrochemical Detection of Acetylcholine. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522080031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pérez-Fernández B, Costa-García A, Muñiz ADLE. Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors for Pesticides Detection Using Screen-Printed Electrodes. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E32. [PMID: 32252430 PMCID: PMC7236603 DOI: 10.3390/bios10040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are among the most important contaminants in food, leading to important global health problems. While conventional techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) have traditionally been utilized for the detection of such food contaminants, they are relatively expensive, time-consuming and labor intensive, limiting their use for point-of-care (POC) applications. Electrochemical (bio)sensors are emerging devices meeting such expectations, since they represent reliable, simple, cheap, portable, selective and easy to use analytical tools that can be used outside the laboratories by non-specialized personnel. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) stand out from the variety of transducers used in electrochemical (bio)sensing because of their small size, high integration, low cost and ability to measure in few microliters of sample. In this context, in this review article, we summarize and discuss about the use of SPEs as analytical tools in the development of (bio)sensors for pesticides of interest for food control. Finally, aspects related to the analytical performance of the developed (bio)sensors together with prospects for future improvements are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfredo de la Escosura- Muñiz
- NanoBioAnalysis Group-Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Pundir C, Malik A, Preety. Bio-sensing of organophosphorus pesticides: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 140:111348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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4
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Porzio E, Bettazzi F, Mandrich L, Del Giudice I, Restaino OF, Laschi S, Febbraio F, De Luca V, Borzacchiello MG, Carusone TM, Worek F, Pisanti A, Porcaro P, Schiraldi C, De Rosa M, Palchetti I, Manco G. Innovative Biocatalysts as Tools to Detect and Inactivate Nerve Agents. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13773. [PMID: 30214052 PMCID: PMC6137069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides and warfare nerve agents are frequently organophosphates (OPs) or related compounds. Their acute toxicity highlighted more than ever the need to explore applicable strategies for the sensing, decontamination and/or detoxification of these compounds. Herein, we report the use of two different thermostable enzyme families capable to detect and inactivate OPs. In particular, mutants of carboxylesterase-2 from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius and of phosphotriesterase-like lactonases from Sulfolobus solfataricus and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, have been selected and assembled in an optimized format for the development of an electrochemical biosensor and a decontamination formulation, respectively. The features of the developed tools have been tested in an ad-hoc fabricated chamber, to mimic an alarming situation of exposure to a nerve agent. Choosing ethyl-paraoxon as nerve agent simulant, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.4 nM, after 5 s of exposure time was obtained. Furthermore, an optimized enzymatic formulation was used for a fast and efficient environmental detoxification (>99%) of the nebulized nerve agent simulants in the air and on surfaces. Crucial, large-scale experiments have been possible thanks to production of grams amounts of pure (>90%) enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Porzio
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Bettazzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Luigi Mandrich
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ferdinando Febbraio
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina De Luca
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Teresa M Carusone
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Franz Worek
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Mario De Rosa
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Manco
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy.
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Zhao F, Wu J, Ying Y, She Y, Wang J, Ping J. Carbon nanomaterial-enabled pesticide biosensors: Design strategy, biosensing mechanism, and practical application. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bettazzi F, Marrazza G, Minunni M, Palchetti I, Scarano S. Biosensors and Related Bioanalytical Tools. PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE CHALLENGES OF BIOSENSORS AND BIOANALYTICAL TOOLS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: A TRIBUTE TO PROFESSOR MARCO MASCINI 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Fang CS, Oh KH, Park JK, Yang H. Rapid and Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Carbaryl Based on Enzyme Inhibition and Thiocholine Oxidation Mediated by a Ruthenium(III) Complex. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiew San Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Korea
| | - Jin Kyoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Korea
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Ribeiro FWP, de Souza Lucas FW, Mascaro LH, Morais S, da Silva Casciano PN, de Lima-Neto P, Correia AN. Electroanalysis of formetanate hydrochloride by a cobalt phthalocyanine functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified electrode: characterization and application in fruits. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fiber optic profenofos sensor based on surface plasmon resonance technique and molecular imprinting. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 79:150-7. [PMID: 26706813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A successful approach for the fabrication and characterization of an optical fiber sensor for the detection of profenofos based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and molecular imprinting is introduced. Molecular imprinting technology is used for the creation of three dimensional binding sites having complementary shape and size of the specific template molecule over a polymer for the recognition of the same. Binding of template molecule with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) layer results in the change in the dielectric nature of the sensing surface (polymer) and is identified by SPR technique. Spectral interrogation method is used for the characterization of the sensing probe. The operating profenofos concentration range of the sensor is from 10(-4) to 10(-1)µg/L. A red shift of 18.7 nm in resonance wavelength is recorded for this profenofos concentration range. The maximum sensitivity of the sensor is 12.7 nm/log (µg/L) at 10(-4)µg/L profenofos concentration. Limit of detection (LOD) of the sensor is found to be 2.5×10(-6)µg/L. Selectivity measurements predict the probe highly selective for the profenofos molecule. Besides high sensitivity due to SPR technique and selectivity due to molecular imprinting, proposed sensor has numerous other advantages like immunity to electromagnetic interference, fast response, low cost and capability of online monitoring and remote sensing of analyte due to the fabrication of the probe on optical fiber.
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Amine A, Arduini F, Moscone D, Palleschi G. Recent advances in biosensors based on enzyme inhibition. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 76:180-94. [PMID: 26227311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme inhibitors like drugs and pollutants are closely correlated to human and environmental health, thus their monitoring is of paramount importance in analytical chemistry. Enzymatic biosensors represent cost-effective, miniaturized and easy to use devices; particularly biosensors based on enzyme inhibition are useful analytical tools for fast screening and monitoring of inhibitors. The present review will highlight the research carried out in the last 9 years (2006-2014) on biosensors based on enzyme inhibition. We underpin the recent advances focused on the investigation in new theoretical approachs and in the evaluation of biosensor performances for reversible and irreversible inhibitors. The use of nanomaterials and microfluidic systems as well as the applications of the various biosensors in real samples is critically reviewed, demonstrating that such biosensors allow the development of useful devices for a fast and reliable alarm system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amine
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - F Arduini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Biostrutture e Biosistemi "INBB", Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - D Moscone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Biostrutture e Biosistemi "INBB", Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - G Palleschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Biostrutture e Biosistemi "INBB", Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
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Verma N, Bhardwaj A. Biosensor technology for pesticides--a review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:3093-119. [PMID: 25595494 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides, due to their lucrative outcomes, are majorly implicated in agricultural fields for crop production enhancement. Due to their pest removal properties, pesticides of various classes have been designed to persist in the environment over a longer duration after their application to achieve maximum effectiveness. Apart from their recalcitrant structure and agricultural benefits, pesticides also impose acute toxicological effects onto the other various life forms. Their accumulation in the living system may prove to be detrimental if established in higher concentrations. Thus, their prompt and accurate analysis is a crucial matter of concern. Conventional techniques like chromatographic techniques (HPLC, GC, etc.) used for pesticides detection are associated with various limitations like stumpy sensitivity and efficiency, time consumption, laboriousity, requirement of expensive equipments and highly trained technicians, and many more. So there is a need to recruit the methods which can detect these neurotoxic compounds sensitively, selectively, rapidly, and easily in the field. Present work is a brief review of the pesticide effects, their current usage scenario, permissible limits in various food stuffs and 21st century advancements of biosensor technology for pesticide detection. Due to their exceptional performance capabilities, easiness in operation and on-site working, numerous biosensors have been developed for bio-monitoring of various environmental samples for pesticide evaluation immensely throughout the globe. Till date, based on sensing element (enzyme based, antibody based, etc.) and type of detection method used (Electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric, etc.), a number of biosensors have been developed for pesticide detection. In present communication, authors have summarized 21st century's approaches of biosensor technology for pesticide detection such as enzyme-based biosensors, immunosensors, aptamers, molecularly imprinted polymers, and biochips technology. Also, the major technological advancements of nanotechnology in the field of biosensor technology are discussed. Various biosensors mentioned in manuscript are found to exhibit storage stability of biocomponent ranging from 30-60 days, detection limit of 10(-6) - 10(-16) M, response time of 1-20 min and applications of developed biosensors in environmental samples (water, food, vegetables, milk, and juice samples, etc.) are also discussed. Researchers all over the globe are working towards the development of different biosensing techniques based on contrast approaches for the detection of pesticides in various environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Verma
- Biosensor Technology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, India,
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Evtugyn GA, Shamagsumova RV, Padnya PV, Stoikov II, Antipin IS. Cholinesterase sensor based on glassy carbon electrode modified with Ag nanoparticles decorated with macrocyclic ligands. Talanta 2014; 127:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dutta RR, Puzari P. Amperometric biosensing of organophosphate and organocarbamate pesticides utilizing polypyrrole entrapped acetylcholinesterase electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 52:166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Itoh T, Shimomura T, Hayashi A, Yamaguchi A, Teramae N, Ono M, Tsunoda T, Mizukami F, Stucky GD, Hanaoka TA. Electrochemical enzymatic biosensor with long-term stability using hybrid mesoporous membrane. Analyst 2014; 139:4654-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00975d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An acetylcholinesterase-immobilized sensor unit was successfully prepared by encapsulating the enzyme within hybrid mesoporous silica membranes (F127-MST).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Itoh
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Sendai, Japan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Takeshi Shimomura
- Funai Electric Advanced Applied Technology Research Institute Inc
- Tsukuba-shi, Japan
| | - Akari Hayashi
- Kyusyu University
- International Research Center for Hydrogen Energy
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research
- Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Ibaraki University
- Mito 310-8512, Japan
| | - Norio Teramae
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ono
- Funai Electric Advanced Applied Technology Research Institute Inc
- Tsukuba-shi, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Tsunoda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Sendai, Japan
| | - Fujio Mizukami
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Sendai, Japan
| | - Galen D. Stucky
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Taka-aki Hanaoka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Sendai, Japan
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Acetylcholinesterase biosensors for electrochemical detection of organophosphorus compounds: a review. Biochem Res Int 2013; 2013:731501. [PMID: 24383001 PMCID: PMC3872028 DOI: 10.1155/2013/731501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponentially growing population, with limited resources, has exerted an intense pressure on the agriculture sector. In order to achieve high productivity the use of pesticide has increased up to many folds. These pesticides contain organophosphorus (OP) toxic compounds which interfere with the proper functioning of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and finally affect the central nervous system (CNS). So, there is a need for routine, continuous, on spot detection of OP compounds which are the main limitations associated with conventional analytical methods. AChE based enzymatic biosensors have been reported by researchers as the most promising tool for analysis of pesticide level to control toxicity and for environment conservation. The present review summarises AChE based biosensors by discussing their characteristic features in terms of fabrication, detection limit, linearity range, time of incubation, and storage stability. Use of nanoparticles in recently reported fabrication strategies has improved the efficiency of biosensors to a great extent making them more reliable and robust.
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Abstract
AbstractThe immobilisation of AChE enzyme through chemisorption on Au-modified graphite was examined with view of its prospective application in the design of membraneless electrochemical biosensors for the assay of enzyme inhibitors. The developed immobilisation protocol has been based on a two-stage procedure, comprising i) electrodeposition of gold nanostructures on spectroscopic graphite; followed by ii) chemisorption of the enzyme onto gold nanoparticles. Both the coverage of the electrode surface with Au nanostructures and the conditions for enzyme immobilisation were optimised. The proposed electrode architecture together with the specific type of enzyme immobilisation allow for a long-term retaining of the enzyme catalytic activity. The extent of inhibition of the immobilised acetylcholinesterase enzyme by the organophosphorous compound monocrotophos has been found to depend linearly on its concentration over the range from 50 to 400 nmol mL−1 with sensitivity 77.2% inhibition per 1 µmol mL−1 of monocrotophos.
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Jia K, Eltzov E, Marks RS, Ionescu RE. Bioluminescence enhancement through an added washing protocol enabling a greater sensitivity to carbofuran toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 96:61-66. [PMID: 23867093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of carbofuran toxicity on a genetically modified bacterial strain E. coli DPD2794 were enhanced using a new bioluminescent protocol which consisted of three consecutive steps: incubation, washing and luminescence reading. Specifically, in the first step, several concentrations of carbofuran aqueous solutions were incubated with different bacterial suspensions at recorded optical densities for different lengths of time. Thereafter, the resulting bacterial/toxicant mixtures were centrifuged and the aged cellular supernatant replaced with fresh medium. In the final step, the carbofuran- induced bioluminescence to the exposed E. coli DPD2794 bacteria was shown to provide a faster and higher intensity when recorded at a higher temperature at30°C which is not usually used in the literature. It was found that the incubation time and the replacement of aged cellular medium were essential factors to distinguish different concentrations of carbofuran in the bioluminescent assays. From our results, the optimum incubation time for a "light ON" bioluminescence detection of the effect of carbofuran was 6h. Thanks to the replacement of the aged cellular medium, a group of additional peaks starting around 30min were observed and we used the corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) at different contents of carbofuran to produce the calibration curve. Based on the new protocol, a carbofuran concentration of 0.5pg/mL can be easily determined in a microtiter plate bioluminescent assay, while a non-wash protocol provides an unexplainable order of curve evolutionswhich does not allow the user to determine the concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de technologie de Troyes, UMR-STMR CNRS 6279, 12 rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Troyes Cedex, France
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Csiffáry G, Nagy P, Kiss A, Adányi N. New type biosensor for the detection of pesticides, based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.42.2013.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Xu T, Wang J, Wang X, Slawecki R, Rubio F, Li J, Li QX. Comparison of four commercial enzymatic assay kits for the analysis of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in vegetables. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Vilakazi S, Nyokong T, Fukuda T, Kobayashi N. Electrocatalytic behavior of cobalt phthalocyanine complexes immobilized on glassy carbon electrode towards the reduction of dicrotophos pesticide. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612501040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic properties of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), cobalt tetra-carboxy phthalocyanine (CoTCPc) and cobalt octa-carboxy (CoOCPc), towards the detection of dicrotophos have been studied. Catalytic behavior towards the reduction of dicrotophos was found to be dependent on the pH, as well as the substitution on the phthalocyanine ring. Strong electron withdrawing groups on the phthalocyanine ring yielded best catalysis as evidenced by the enhancement of the reduction peak current, (~5 fold) compared to the bare glassy carbon electrode. The analysis gave a good detection limit of 1.25 × 10-7 M, and good linearity for the studied concentration range. A high Tafel slope value was obtained, indicating a strong interaction between dicrotophos and the cobalt phthalocyanine complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibulelo Vilakazi
- Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Private Bag X3015, Randburg, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Takamitsu Fukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Pundir CS, Chauhan N. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition-based biosensors for pesticide determination: a review. Anal Biochem 2012; 429:19-31. [PMID: 22759777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides released intentionally into the environment and through various processes contaminate the environment. Although pesticides are associated with many health hazards, there is a lack of monitoring of these contaminants. Traditional chromatographic methods-high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry-are effective for the analysis of pesticides in the environment but have certain limitations such as complexity, time-consuming sample preparation, and the requirement of expensive apparatus and trained persons to operate. Over the past decades, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition-based biosensors have emerged as simple, rapid, and ultra-sensitive tools for pesticide analysis in environmental monitoring, food safety, and quality control. These biosensors have the potential to complement or replace the classical analytical methods by simplifying or eliminating sample preparation and making field-testing easier and faster with significant decrease in cost per analysis. This article reviews the recent developments in AChE inhibition-based biosensors, which include various immobilization methods, different strategies for biosensor construction, the advantages and roles of various matrices used, analytical performance, and application methods for constructing AChE biosensors. These AChE biosensors exhibited detection limits and linearity in the ranges of 1.0×10(-11) to 42.19 μM (detection limits) and 1.0×10(-11)-1.0×10(-2) to 74.5-9.9×10(3)μM (linearity). These biosensors were stable for a period of 2 to 120days. The future prospects for the development of better AChE biosensing systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Shekhar Pundir
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124 001, Haryana, India.
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da Silva JI, de Moraes MC, Vieira LCC, Corrêa AG, Cass QB, Cardoso CL. Acetylcholinesterase capillary enzyme reactor for screening and characterization of selective inhibitors. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 73:44-52. [PMID: 22391555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to report on the optimized preparation of capillary enzyme reactors (ICERs) based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7), for the screening of selective inhibitors. The AChE-ICERs were prepared by using the homobifunctional linker glutaraldehyde through Schiff base linkage. The enzyme was anchored onto a modified fused silica capillary and employed as an LC biochromatography column for online studies, with UV-vis detection. Not only did the tailored AChE-ICER result in maintenance of the activity of the immobilized enzyme, but it also significantly improved the stability of the enzyme in the presence of organic solvents. In addition, the kinetic studies demonstrated that the enzyme retained its activity with high stability, preserving its initial activity over 10months. The absence of non-specific matrix interactions, immediate recovery of the enzymatic activity, and short analysis time were the main advantages of this AChE-ICER. The use of AChE-ICER in the ligands recognition assay was validated by evaluation of four known reversible inhibitors (galanthamine, tacrine, propidium, and rivastigmine), and the same order of inhibitory potencies described in the literature was found. The immobilized enzyme was utilized in the screening of 21 coumarin derivatives. In this library, two new potent inhibitors were identified: coumarins 20 (IC(50) 17.14±3.50μM) and 21 (IC(50) 6.35±1.20μM), which were compared to the standard galanthamine (IC(50) 12.68±2.40μM). Considering the high inhibitory activities of these compounds, with respect to the AChE-ICER, the mechanism of action was investigated. Both coumarins 20 and 21 exhibited a competitive mechanism of action, furnishing K(i) values of 8.04±0.18 and 2.67±0.18μM, respectively. The results revealed that the AChE-ICER developed herein represents a useful tool for the biological screening of inhibitor candidates and evaluation of action mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Izidoro da Silva
- Departamento de Química - Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Dou J, Fan F, Ding A, Cheng L, Sekar R, Wang H, Li S. A screen-printed, amperometric biosensor for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples. J Environ Sci (China) 2012; 24:956-962. [PMID: 22893976 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(11)60864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An amperometric biosensor based on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) was developed for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples. The extent of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) deactivation was determined and quantified for pesticide concentrations in water samples. An enzyme immobilization adsorption procedure and polyacrylamide gel matrix polymerization were used for fabrication of the biosensor, with minimal losses in enzyme activity. The optimal conditions for enzyme catalytic reaction on the SPEs surfaces were acetylthiocholine chloride (ATChCl) concentration of 5 mmol/L, pH 7 and reaction time of 4 min. The detection limits for three organophosphorus pesticides (dichlorvos, monocrotophs and parathion) were in the range of 4 to 7 microg/L when an AChE amount of 0.1 U was used for immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Dou
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Sassolas A, Prieto-Simón B, Marty JL. Biosensors for Pesticide Detection: New Trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.33030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dounin V, Veloso AJ, Schulze H, Bachmann TT, Kerman K. Disposable electrochemical printed gold chips for the analysis of acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 669:63-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jha N, Ramaprabhu S. Development of Au nanoparticles dispersed carbon nanotube-based biosensor for the detection of paraoxon. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:806-810. [PMID: 20648328 DOI: 10.1039/b9nr00336c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A disposable and sensitive biosensor has been fabricated for the detection of the organophosphorous (OP) compound paraoxon using an amperometric technique. For the measurements, gold nanoparticles dispersed on the outer surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Au-MWNTs) has been used as the electrode material, as it possesses high electron transfer rates and provides large immobilization sites for the bioenzymes, which combines with the high electrocatalytic activity of MWNTs for thiocholine oxidation at low potential. Au-MWNTs have been synthesized by chemically reducing Au salt over functionalized MWNTs, and the same has been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM) techniques. The ability of the Au-MWNTs nanocomposite-based biosensor has been demonstrated to reliably measure the concentration of paraoxon in the nanomolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Jha
- Alternative Energy and Nanotechnology Laboratory (AENL), Nano-Functional Materials Technology Centre (NFMTC), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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Biosensors based on cholinesterase inhibition for insecticides, nerve agents and aflatoxin B1 detection (review). Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Amperometric acetylthiocholine sensor based on acetylcholinesterase immobilized on nanostructured polymer membrane containing gold nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yin H, Ai S, Xu J, Shi W, Zhu L. Amperometric biosensor based on immobilized acetylcholinesterase on gold nanoparticles and silk fibroin modified platinum electrode for detection of methyl paraoxon, carbofuran and phoxim. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Amperometric biosensor based on enzymes immobilized in hybrid mesoporous membranes for the determination of acetylcholine. Enzyme Microb Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Palchetti I, Laschi S, Mascini M. Electrochemical biosensor technology: application to pesticide detection. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 504:115-126. [PMID: 19159094 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-569-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, electrochemical sensors and biosensors are becoming an accepted part of analytical chemistry since they satisfy the expanding need for rapid and reliable measurements. An area in which electrochemical biosensors perhaps show the greatest diversity and potential for development involves the measurement of environmentally significant parameters. The increasing number of pollutants in the environment calls for fast and cost-effective analytical requirements. In this context, biosensors appear as suitable alternative or complementary analytical tools. The aim of this chapter is to review some basic concept concerning the electrochemical biosensors and to illustrate a protocol for the detection of environmental organic pollutants on the basis of electrochemical biosensors. In particular, a method based on the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) for the detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides will be described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Palchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Jiang X, Li D, Xu X, Ying Y, Li Y, Ye Z, Wang J. Immunosensors for detection of pesticide residues. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 23:1577-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Teksoy S, Odaci D, Timur S. A New Bienzymatic Biosensor Based on Butyrylcholine Esterase‐Sulfhydryl Oxidase Enzymes. ANAL LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710701603819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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