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Elmansy EA, Elkady EM, Asker MS, Abdallah NA, Khalil BE, Amer SK. Improved production of lactiplantibacillus plantarum RO30 exopolysaccharide (REPS) by optimization of process parameters through statistical experimental designs. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:361. [PMID: 37993835 PMCID: PMC10664612 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In investigating of (exopolysaccharide) EPS from unconventional sources, lactic acid bacteria have a vital role due to their generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. EPSs have diverse applications such as drug delivery, antimicrobial activity, surgical implants, and many more in many sectors. Despite being important, the main hindrance to the commercial application of these significant biopolymers is low productivity. Therefore, this study primarily focuses on optimizing physio-chemical conditions to maximize the previously produced EPS from probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RO30 (L. plantarum RO30) using one factor at a time (OFAT) and method Response Surface Methodology (RSM). RESULTS The EPS obtained from L. plantarum RO30 named REPS. The medium formulation for REPS production using the OFAT method revealed that sucrose (20 g/L, beef extract (25 g/L), and ammonium sulfate at 4 g/L concentration were the optimum carbon, organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, and REPS yield was increased up to 9.11 ± 0.51 g/L. RSM experiments revealed that, a greatly significant quadratic polynomial attained from the Central Composite Design (CCD) model was fruitful for specifying the most favorable cultural conditions that have significant consequences on REPS yield. The maximal amount of REPS (10.32 g/L) was formed by: sucrose (40 g/L), beef extract (25 g/L), pH (5.5), incubation temperature (30 °C), and incubation period (72 h). A high closeness was obtained between the predicted and experimental values and it displayed the efficiency of the RSM. CONCLUSION This study was conducted to reinforce REPS production in the probiotic LAB L. plantarum RO30 by utilizing various experimental parameters. The maximum REPS yield of 10.32 g/L was attained under the circumstances optimized in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ahmed Elmansy
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Institute of Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, El-Tahreer Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ebtsam M Elkady
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Institute of Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, El-Tahreer Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohsen S Asker
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Institute of Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, El-Tahreer Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa A Abdallah
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bigad E Khalil
- Microbial Genetics Department, Institute Of Biotechnology Research, National Research Centre, El-Tahreer Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa K Amer
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Nicosia FD, Pino A, Maciel GLR, Sanfilippo RR, Caggia C, de Carvalho AF, Randazzo CL. Technological Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains for Potential Use in Cheese Manufacture. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061154. [PMID: 36981081 PMCID: PMC10048630 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 26 lactic acid bacteria isolates from both Italian and Brazilian cheeses were tested for their use in cheesemaking. Isolates were screened for salt tolerance, exopolysaccharide and diacetyl production, lipolytic, acidifying, and proteolytic activities. In addition, the aminopeptidase (Pep N and Pep X) activities, were evaluated. Most of the strains demonstrated salt tolerance to 6% of NaCl, while only two L. delbruekii (P14, P38), one L. rhamnosus (P50) and one L. plantarum (Q3C4) were able to grow in the presence of 10% (w/v) of NaCl. Except for 2 L. plantarum (Q1C6 and Q3C4), all strains showed low or medium acidifying activity and good proteolytic features. Furthermore, lipolytic activity was revealed in none of the strains, while the production of EPS and diacetyl was widespread and variable among the tested strains. Finally, regarding aminopeptidase activities, 1 L. delbrueckii (P10), 1 L. rhamnosus (P50), and 1 L. lactis (Q5C6) were considered as the better performing, showing high values of both Pep N and Pep X. Based on data presented here, the aforementioned strains could be suggested as promising adjunct cultures in cheesemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Domenico Nicosia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Pino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.N.); (A.P.)
- ProBioEtna SRL, Spin off of the University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuticals and Health Products University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Guilherme Lembi Ramalho Maciel
- InovaLeite—Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leite e Derivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570900, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Cinzia Caggia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.N.); (A.P.)
- ProBioEtna SRL, Spin off of the University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuticals and Health Products University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Fernandes de Carvalho
- InovaLeite—Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leite e Derivados, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570900, MG, Brazil
| | - Cinzia Lucia Randazzo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.N.); (A.P.)
- ProBioEtna SRL, Spin off of the University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuticals and Health Products University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +390957580218
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Sivagurunathan P, Sahoo PC, Kumar M, Prakash Gupta R, Bhattacharyya D, Ramakumar SSV. Unrevealing the role of metal oxide nanoparticles on biohydrogen production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128260. [PMID: 36343775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The positive interaction between Clostridium sp. and lactic acid-producing bacteria (Lactobacillus sp) is commonly seen in various high-rate hydrogen production systems. However, the exact role of the hydrogen production ability of Lactobacillus sp in a dark fermentation production system is rarely studied. Lactobacillus delbrueckii was herein used for the first time, to the best of the author's knowledge, to demonstrate biohydrogen production under anaerobic conditions. At first, the pH condition was optimized, followed by the addition of nanoparticles for enhanced biohydrogen production. Under optimized conditions of pH 6.5, substrate concentration 10 g/L, and 100 mg/L of NiO/Fe2O3, the maximum hydrogen yield (HY) of 1.94 mol/mol hexose was obtained, which is 18 % more than the control. The enhanced H2 production upon the addition of nanoparticles is supported via the external electron transfer (EET) mechanism, which regulates the metabolic pathway regulation with increased production of acetate and butyrate and reduced formation of lactate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyasamy Sivagurunathan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Research & Development Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007, Haryana, India
| | - Prakash C Sahoo
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Research & Development Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007, Haryana, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Research & Development Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravi Prakash Gupta
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Research & Development Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007, Haryana, India
| | - Debasis Bhattacharyya
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Research & Development Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007, Haryana, India
| | - S S V Ramakumar
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Research & Development Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007, Haryana, India
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Sørensen HM, Rochfort KD, Maye S, MacLeod G, Brabazon D, Loscher C, Freeland B. Exopolysaccharides of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Production, Purification and Health Benefits towards Functional Food. Nutrients 2022; 14:2938. [PMID: 35889895 PMCID: PMC9319976 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are capable of synthesising metabolites known as exopolysaccharides (EPS) during fermentation. Traditionally, EPS plays an important role in fermented dairy products through their gelling and thickening properties, but they can also be beneficial to human health. This bioactivity has gained attention in applications for functional foods, which leads them to have prebiotic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-tumour, cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity activity. Understanding the parameters and conditions is crucial to optimising the EPS yields from LAB for applications in the food industry. This review provides an overview of the functional food market together with the biosynthesis of EPS. Factors influencing the production of EPS as well as methods for isolation, characterisation and quantification are reviewed. Finally, the health benefits associated with EPS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Mylise Sørensen
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland; (C.L.); (B.F.)
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Keith D. Rochfort
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Susan Maye
- Dairygold Co-Operative Society Limited, Clonmel Road, Co. Cork, P67 DD36 Mitchelstown, Ireland; (S.M.); (G.M.)
| | - George MacLeod
- Dairygold Co-Operative Society Limited, Clonmel Road, Co. Cork, P67 DD36 Mitchelstown, Ireland; (S.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- I-Form, Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Christine Loscher
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland; (C.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Brian Freeland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland; (C.L.); (B.F.)
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Bancalari E, Gatti M, Bottari B, Mora D, Arioli S. Disclosing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus intraspecific diversity in exopolysaccharides production. Food Microbiol 2021; 102:103924. [PMID: 34809950 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides production by 3 ropy strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus of dairy origin was evaluated in synthetic medium by combining different approaches: impedometric measurements, fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry analyses. The evaluation of ΔE by impedometric measurement (E%max-E%40h) allowed the detection of EPS production in synthetic medium, but the differences in EPS production kinetic was highlighted by flow cytometry analysis and fluorescent microcopy. This approach enabled us to unravel the diversity in EPS synthesis and release into the laboratory medium during the growth of the strains. Our results showed that the maximum EPS production occurred after 8 h of incubation, when cells were in late exponential growth phase. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that only part of the cell population could be identified as EPS producer or as EPS-bounded cell. Therefore, the combined approach used, allowed us to define at the same time the kinetics of EPS production and release by three strains belonging to the same species and, highlight that the production of EPS depends also on the number of EPS-producing cells within the same population. This approach could be useful for the selection of strains to be used as starter cultures in dairy products where EPS production is considered an important feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bancalari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma (Italy), Italy.
| | - Monica Gatti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma (Italy), Italy
| | | | - Diego Mora
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milano (Italy), Italy
| | - Stefania Arioli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milano (Italy), Italy
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Properties of hydrolyzed guar gum fermented in vitro with pig fecal inocula and its favorable impacts on microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116116. [PMID: 32241396 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to identify an appropriate substitute for antibiotic use in livestock production, this study investigates the fermentation of guar gum and its low molecular weight hydrolyzed derivatives (GMLP-1, 1-10 kDa; GMLP-2, < 1 kDa) in pig fecal cultures and the associated effects on the intestinal microbiota. Both the non-hydrolyzed guar gum and GMLP were quickly utilized by fecal microbiota. GMLP-2 showed the most rapid SCFA-producing activity and produced higher concentrations of lactate, acetate, and propionate. However, GMLP-1 showed the highest yield of total SCFAs and butyrate. Both the guar gum and GMLP groups improved the abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Bifidobacterium, but the most significant enhancement was observed with GMLP-1. This study showed that by associating with its chemical structure, GMLP-1 can be utilized to direct a targeted promotion of the intestinal microbiota and may offer the most favorable effects in livestock production.
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Aragón-Rojas S, Ruiz-Pardo RY, Hernández-Sánchez H, Quintanilla-Carvajal MX. Optimization of the production and stress resistance of the probioticLactobacillus fermentumK73 in a submerged bioreactor using a whey-based culture medium. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1527785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanía Aragón-Rojas
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente Común, Chía, Colombia
| | - Ruth Y. Ruiz-Pardo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente Común, Chía, Colombia
| | - Humberto Hernández-Sánchez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
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Veeravalli SS, Mathews AP. A novel low pH fermentation process for the production of acetate and propylene glycol from carbohydrate wastes. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 120:8-15. [PMID: 30396403 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel low pH fermentation process was studied for the conversion of lactose using Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri under anoxic conditions in single co-culture, and two-stage sequential fermentations. This is aimed at producing acetate and propylene glycol (PG) as environmentally benign substitutes for currently used road and aircraft deicing chemicals. The results indicate that in the case of two-stage fermentation with immobilized L. buchneri in the second stage, lactose degradation rate increased markedly producing acetate and PG concentrations of 12.1 and 10.7 g L-1 at pH 3.8. In the case of coculture fermentation, the acetate and PG concentrations were 8.2 and 6.8 g L-1, respectively. Fermentation of lactose and whey powder was conducted at pH 4.25 using a high cell density culture of L. buchneri. The acetate and PG yields were similar for both substrates at ∼0.3 g/g and ∼0.33 g/g respectively. With a starting lactose concentration of 60 g/L, acetate and PG concentrations of 18 g/L and 21 g/L respectively were obtained. The low pH conversion of wastes to value-added products under anoxic conditions provides substantial operating benefits over neutral pH fermentations that require strict anaerobic conditions for effective operation. Moreover, the low product pH at around 4.0 will provide substantial savings in downstream processing costs due to the much higher extraction efficiency of weak- and moderate- base resins for acetic acid compared to acetate ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayanan S Veeravalli
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, Fiedler Hall, 1701C Platt Street, Manhattan, KS, 66502, United States.
| | - Alexander P Mathews
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, Fiedler Hall, 1701C Platt Street, Manhattan, KS, 66502, United States.
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Adesulu-Dahunsi A, Sanni A, Jeyaram K. Production, characterization and In vitro antioxidant activities of exopolysaccharide from Weissella cibaria GA44. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Deepak V, Ram Kumar Pandian S, Sivasubramaniam SD, Nellaiah H, Sundar K. Optimization of anticancer exopolysaccharide production from probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus by response surface methodology. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 46:288-97. [PMID: 25831127 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2015.1031386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Recently, much attention has been focused on decreasing the risk of CRC by consuming probiotics. In the present study, exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Lactobacillus acidophilus was found to inhibit the growth of CaCo2 colon cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner. The experiment was performed in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and EPS was found to reduce the survival of CaCo2 cell line in both the conditions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) studies demonstrated that EPS treatment upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions, whereas it upregulated the expression of erythropoietin (EPO) in the normoxic condition, but there was no significant expression under hypoxic conditions. Hence, the EPS production was optimized by Plackett-Burman design followed by central composite rotatory design. The optimized production of EPS at 24 hr was found to be 400 mg/L. During batch cultivation the production peaked at 21 hr, resulting in an EPS concentration of 597 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataraman Deepak
- a Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam University , Krishnankoil , Tamilnadu , India.,b School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | | | - Shiva D Sivasubramaniam
- b School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Hariharan Nellaiah
- a Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam University , Krishnankoil , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Krishnan Sundar
- a Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam University , Krishnankoil , Tamilnadu , India
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Effect of pH and dilution rate on specific production rate of extra cellular metabolites by Lactobacillus salivarius UCO_979C in continuous culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6417-29. [PMID: 25805342 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of pH and dilution rate on the production of extracellular metabolites of Lactobacillus salivarius UCO_979 was studied. The experiments were carried out in continuous mode, with chemically defined culture medium at a temperature of 37 °C, 200 rpm agitation and synthetic air flow of 100 ml/min. Ethanol, acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid and glucose were quantified through HPLC, while exopolysaccharide (EPS) was extracted with ethanol and quantified through the Dubois method. The results showed no linear trends for the specific production of lactic acid, EPS, acetic acid and ethanol, while the specific glucose consumption and ATP production rates showed linear trends. There was a metabolic change of the strain for dilution rates below 0.3 h(-1). The pH had a significant effect on the metabolism of the strain, which was evidenced by a higher specific glucose consumption and increased production of ATP at pH 6 compared with that obtained at pH 7. This work shows not only the metabolic capabilities of L. salivarius UCO_979C, but also shows that it is possible to quantify some molecules associated with its current use as gastrointestinal probiotic, especially regarding the production of organic acids and EPS.
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Gao T, Ho KP. l-Lactic acid production by Bacillus subtilis MUR1 in continuous culture. J Biotechnol 2013; 168:646-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fibers from fruit by-products enhance probiotic viability and fatty acid profile and increase CLA content in yoghurts. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 154:135-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
Whey, the liquid remaining after milk fat and casein have been separated from whole milk, is one of the major disposal problems of the dairy industry, and demands simple and economical solutions. In view of the fast developments in biotechnological techniques, alternatives of treating whey by transforming lactose present in it to value added products have been actively explored. Whey can be used directly as a substrate for the growth of different microorganisms to obtain various products such as ethanol, single-cell protein, enzymes, lactic acid, citric acid, biogas and so on. In this review, a comprehensive and illustrative survey is made to elaborate the various biotechnological innovations/techniques applied for the effective utilization of whey for the production of different bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmjit S Panesar
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering & Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal 148 106, Punjab, India.
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Technological characterization and survival of the exopolysaccharide-producing strain Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis 193 and its bile-resistant derivative 193+ in simulated gastric and intestinal juices. J DAIRY RES 2011; 78:357-64. [PMID: 21774862 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029911000355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of lactic acid bacteria to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) conferring microorganisms a ropy phenotype could be an interesting feature from a technological point of view. Progressive adaptation to bile salts might render some lactobacilli able to overcome physiological gut barriers but could also modify functional properties of the strain, including the production of EPS. In this work some technological properties and the survival ability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis 193, and Lb. delbrueckii subsp. lactis 193+, a strain with stable bile-resistant phenotype derived thereof, were characterized in milk in order to know whether the acquisition of resistance to bile could modify some characteristics of the microorganism. Both strains were able to grow and acidify milk similarly; however the production of ethanol increased at the expense of the aroma compound acetaldehyde in milk fermented by the strain 193+, with respect to milk fermented by the strain 193. Both microorganisms produced a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose and galactose, and were able to increase the viscosity of fermented milks. In spite of the higher production yield of EPS by the bile-resistant strain 193+, it displayed a lower ability to increase viscosity than Lb. delbrueckii subsp. lactis 193. Milk increased survival in simulated gastric juice; the presence of bile improved adhesion to the intestinal cell line HT29-MTX in both strains. However, the acquisition of a stable resistance phenotype did not improve survival in simulated gastric and intestinal conditions or the adhesion to the intestinal cell line HT29-MTX. Thus, Lb. delbrueckii subsp. lactis 193 presents suitable technological properties for the manufacture of fermented dairy products; the acquisition of a stable bile-resistant phenotype modified some properties of the microorganism. This suggests that the possible use of bile-resistant derivative strains should be carefully evaluated in each specific application considering the influence that the acquisition of a stable bile-resistant phenotype could have in survival ability in gastric and intestinal conditions and in technological properties.
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Badel S, Bernardi T, Michaud P. New perspectives for Lactobacilli exopolysaccharides. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 29:54-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nicolaus B, Kambourova M, Oner ET. Exopolysaccharides from extremophiles: from fundamentals to biotechnology. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2010; 31:1145-1158. [PMID: 20718297 DOI: 10.1080/09593330903552094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) make up a substantial component of the extracellular polymers surrounding most microbial cells in extreme environments like Antarctic ecosystems, saline lakes, geothermal springs or deep sea hydrothermal vents. The extremophiles have developed various adaptations, enabling them to compensate for the deleterious effects of extreme conditions, e.g. high temperatures, salt, low pH or temperature, high radiation. Among these adaptation strategies, EPS biosynthesis is one of the most common protective mechanisms. The unusual metabolic pathways revealed in some extremophiles raised interest in extremophilic microorganisms as potential producers of EPSs with novel and unusual characteristics and functional activities under extreme conditions. Even though the accumulated knowledge on the structural and theological properties of EPSs from extremophiles is still very limited, it reveals a variety in properties, which may not be found in more traditional polymers. Both extremophilic microorganisms and their EPSs suggest several biotechnological advantages, like short fermentation processes for thermophiles and easily formed and stable emulsions of EPSs from psychrophiles. Unlike mesophilic producers of EPSs, many of them being pathogenic, extremophilic microorganisms provide non-pathogenic products, appropriate for applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries as emulsifiers, stabilizers, gel agents, coagulants, thickeners and suspending agents. The commercial value of EPSs synthesized by microorganisms from extreme habitats has been established recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Nicolaus
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), CNR via Campi Flegrei 34,80078, Pozzuoli (Na), Italy.
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Sophorolipids from Candida bombicola using mixed hydrophilic substrates: Production, purification and characterization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 79:246-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Thermal Drying of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and its Efficient Use as Starter for Whey Fermentation and Unsalted Cheese Making. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:1270-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wee YJ, Ryu HW. Lactic acid production by Lactobacillus sp. RKY2 in a cell-recycle continuous fermentation using lignocellulosic hydrolyzates as inexpensive raw materials. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:4262-70. [PMID: 19394215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Continuous lactic acid fermentations were conducted using lignocellulosic hydrolyzates and corn steep liquor as inexpensive raw materials. Lactic acid concentrations decreased with increases in the dilution rate, whereas the residual substrate concentrations increased. However, lactic acid yields were maintained at more than 0.90 g g(-1) over all cases experimented. The cell-recycle cultivation system exerted positive effects on fermentation efficiency, including volumetric productivity, which is attributable to the retention of cells in the bioreactor. The cell-recycle continuous fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolyzates yielded a lactic acid productivity of 6.7 g l(-1) h(-1) for a dilution rate of 0.16 h(-1) using 30 g l(-1) of corn steep liquor and 1.5 g l(-1) of yeast extract as nutrients. The productivity (6.7 g l(-1) h(-1)) acquired by the cell-recycle continuous fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolyzates was 1.6 times higher than the lactic acid productivity yielded in the continuous fermentation without cell-recycle system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jung Wee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Natural Resources, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
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