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Castro LGZ, Sousa MR, Pereira LÉC, Martins DV, Oliveira FAS, Bezerra SGS, Melo VMM, Hissa DC. Pioneer access of the foam nest bacterial community of Leptodactylidae frogs and its biotechnological potential. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e280884. [PMID: 38922194 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.280884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Many anuran amphibians deposit their eggs in foam nests, biostructures that help protect the eggs and tadpoles from predators. Currently, there are no other identification and description studies of the cultivable microbiota role in the nests of the Leptodactylid frogs such as Physalaemus cuvieri, Leptodactylus vastus and Adenomera hylaedactyla. This study aimed to isolate and identify the culturable bacteria from these three anuran species' nests, as well as to prospect enzymes produced by this microbiota. Foam nests samples and environmental samples were diluted and viable cell count was determined. Bacterial morphotypes from foam nest samples were isolated through spread plate technique. Isolates' DNAs were extracted followed by rRNA 16S gene amplification and Sanger sequencing. To evaluate their enzymatic potential, the isolates were cultured in ATGE medium supplemented with starch (0.1% w/v), gelatin (3% w/v) and skimmed milk (1% w/v), to verify amylase and protease activity. A total of 183 bacterial morphotypes were isolated, comprising 33 bacterial genera. Proteobacteria phylum was the most abundant in all the three nests (79%). The genera Pseudomonas and Aeromonas were the most abundant taxon in P. cuvieri and L. vastus. In A. Hylaedactyla, were Enterobacter and Bacillus. Regarding enzymatic activities, 130 isolates displayed protease activity and 45 isolates were positive for amylase activity. Our results provide unprecedented information concerning culturable bacterial microbiota of the foam nests of the Leptodactylid frogs, as well as their potential for biomolecules of biotechnological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Z Castro
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - M R Sousa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - L É C Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - D V Martins
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F A S Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - S G S Bezerra
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - V M M Melo
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - D C Hissa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC, Departamento de Biologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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2
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Sachdeva S, Sarethy IP. Diving into freshwater microbial metabolites: Pioneering research and future prospects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38887995 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2351153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
In practically every facet of life, especially nutrition, agriculture, and healthcare, microorganisms offer a prospective origin for abundant natural substances and products. Among these microorganisms, bacteria also possess the capability to rapidly acclimate to diverse environments, utilize varied resources, and effectively respond to environmental fluctuations, including those influenced by human activities like pollution and climate change. The ever-changing environment of freshwater bodies influences bacterial communities, offering opportunities for improving health and environmental conservation that remain unexplored. Herein, the study discusses the bacterial taxa along with specialised metabolites with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activity that have been identified from freshwater environments, thus achieving Sustainable Development Goals addressing health and wellbeing (SDG-3), economic growth (SDG-8) along with industrial development (SDG-9). The present review is intended as a compendium for research teams working in the fields of medicinal chemistry, organic chemistry, clinical research, and natural product chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Sachdeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Indira P Sarethy
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
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3
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Arinbasarova AY, Botin AS, Medentsev AG, Makrushin KV, Vetcher AA, Stanishevskiy YM. Synthesis of Extracellular L-lysine-α-oxidase along with Degrading Enzymes by Trichoderma cf. aureoviride Rifai VKM F-4268D: Role in Biocontrol and Systemic Plant Resistance. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:323. [PMID: 38786678 PMCID: PMC11121954 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
When cultivating on wheat bran or deactivated fungal mycelium as a model of "natural growth", the ability of Trichoderma to synthesize extracellular L-lysine-α-oxidase (LysO) simultaneously with cell-wall-degrading enzymes (proteases, xylanase, glucanases, chitinases, etc.), responsible for mycoparasitism, was shown. LysO, in turn, causes the formation of H2O2 and pipecolic acid. These compounds are known to be signaling molecules and play an important role in the induction and development of systemic acquired resistance in plants. Antagonistic effects of LysO have been demonstrated against phytopathogenic fungi and Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria with dose-dependent cell death. The antimicrobial effect of LysO decreased in the presence of catalase. The generating intracellular ROS in the presence of LysO was also shown in both bacteria and fungi, which led to a decrease in viable cells. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activity of LysO is due to two factors: the formation of exogenous hydrogen peroxide as a product of the enzymatic oxidative deamination of L-lysine and the direct interaction of LysO with the cell wall of the micro-organisms. Thus, LysO on its own enhances the potential of the producer in the environment; namely, the enzyme complements the strategy of the fungus in biocontrol and indirectly participates in inducing SAR and regulating the relationship between pathogens and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yu. Arinbasarova
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.G.M.); (K.V.M.)
| | - Alexander S. Botin
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology (IBTN), Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia na. P.Lumumba (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.B.); (Y.M.S.)
- N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Emergency Medicine, 129090 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander G. Medentsev
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.G.M.); (K.V.M.)
| | - Kirill V. Makrushin
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.G.M.); (K.V.M.)
| | - Alexandre A. Vetcher
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology (IBTN), Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia na. P.Lumumba (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.B.); (Y.M.S.)
| | - Yaroslav M. Stanishevskiy
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology (IBTN), Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia na. P.Lumumba (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.S.B.); (Y.M.S.)
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Underwood JC, Hall NC, Mumford AC, Harvey RW, Bliznik PA, Jeanis KM. Relation between the relative abundance and collapse of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and microbial antagonism in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae043. [PMID: 38533659 PMCID: PMC11022654 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is the dominant filamentous cyanobacterium that develops into blooms in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, each year. During AFA bloom and collapse, ecosystem conditions for endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers deteriorate, thus motivating the need to identify processes that limit AFA abundance and decline. Here, we investigate the relations between AFA and other members of the microbial community (photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic bacteria and archaea), how those relations impact abundance and collapse of AFA, and the types of microbial conditions that suppress AFA. We found significant spatial variation in AFA relative abundance during the 2016 bloom period using 16S rRNA sequencing. The Pelican Marina site had the lowest AFA relative abundance, and this was coincident with increased relative abundance of Candidatus Sericytochromatia, Flavobacterium, and Rheinheimera, some of which are known AFA antagonists. The AFA collapse coincided with phosphorus limitation relative to nitrogen and the increased relative abundance of Cyanobium and Candidatus Sericytochromatia, which outcompete AFA when dissolved inorganic nitrogen is available. The data collected in this study indicate the importance of dissolved inorganic nitrogen combined with microbial community structure in suppressing AFA abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Underwood
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, United States
| | - Natalie C Hall
- U.S. Geological Survey, Maryland–Delaware–D.C. Water Science Center, 5522 Research Park Dr, Catonsville, MD 21228, United States
| | - Adam C Mumford
- U.S. Geological Survey, Maryland–Delaware–D.C. Water Science Center, 5522 Research Park Dr, Catonsville, MD 21228, United States
| | - Ronald W Harvey
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, United States
| | - Paul A Bliznik
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, United States
| | - Kaitlyn M Jeanis
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, United States
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5
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Deng H, Li Q, Li M, Sun L, Li B, Wang Y, Wu QL, Zeng J. Epiphytic microorganisms of submerged macrophytes effectively contribute to nitrogen removal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117754. [PMID: 38016497 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Submerged macrophytes play important roles in nutrient cycling and are widely used in ecological restoration to alleviate eutrophication and improve water quality in lakes. Epiphytic microbial communities on leaves of submerged macrophytes might promote nitrogen cycling, but the mechanisms and quantification of their contributions remain unclear. Here, four types of field zones with different nutrient levels and submerged macrophytes, eutrophic + Vallisneria natans (EV), eutrophic + V. natans + Hydrilla verticillata, mesotrophic + V. natans + H. verticillata, and eutrophic without macrophytes were selected to investigate the microbial communities that involved in nitrification and denitrification. The alpha diversity of bacterial community was higher in the phyllosphere than in the water, and that of H. verticillata was higher compared to V. natans. Bacterial community structures differed significantly between the four zones. The highest relative abundance of dominant bacterioplankton genera involved in nitrification and denitrification was observed in the EV zone. Similarly, the alpha diversity of the epiphytic ammonia-oxidizing archaea and nosZI-type denitrifiers were highest in the EV zone. Consist with the diversity patterns, the potential denitrification rates were higher in the phyllosphere than those in the water. Higher potential denitrification rates in the phyllosphere were also found in H. verticillata than those in V. natans. Anammox was not detected in all samples. Nutrient loads, especially nitrogen concentrations were important factors influencing potential nitrification, denitrification rates, and bacterial communities, especially for the epiphytic nosZI-type taxa. Overall, we observed that the phyllosphere harbors more microbes and promotes higher denitrification rates compared to water, and epiphytic bacterial communities are shaped by nitrogen nutrients and macrophyte species, indicating that epiphytic microorganisms of submerged macrophytes can effectively contribute to the N removal in shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China
| | - Biao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qinglong L Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China; Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China; Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332899, China.
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6
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Syhapanha KS, Russo DA, Deng Y, Meyer N, Poulin RX, Pohnert G. Transcriptomics-guided identification of an algicidal protease of the marine bacterium Kordia algicida OT-1. Microbiologyopen 2023; 12:e1387. [PMID: 37877654 PMCID: PMC10565126 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, interest in algicidal bacteria has risen due to their ecological importance and their potential as biotic regulators of harmful algal blooms. Algicidal bacteria shape the plankton communities of the oceans by inhibiting or lysing microalgae and by consuming the released nutrients. Kordia algicida strain OT-1 is a model marine algicidal bacterium that was isolated from a bloom of the diatom Skeletonema costatum. Previous work has suggested that algicidal activity is mediated by secreted proteases. Here, we utilize a transcriptomics-guided approach to identify the serine protease gene KAOT1_RS09515, hereby named alpA1 as a key element in the algicidal activity of K. algicida. The protease AlpA1 was expressed and purified from a heterologous host and used in in vitro bioassays to validate its activity. We also show that K. algicida is the only algicidal species within a group of four members of the Kordia genus. The identification of this algicidal protease opens the possibility of real-time monitoring of the ecological impact of algicidal bacteria in natural phytoplankton blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy S. Syhapanha
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic AnalyticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - David A. Russo
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic AnalyticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Yun Deng
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic AnalyticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Nils Meyer
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic AnalyticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Remington X. Poulin
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic AnalyticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Marine ScienceUniversity of North Carolina WilmingtonWilmingtonNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic AnalyticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
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Pokrovsky VS, Abo Qoura L, Morozova E, Bunik VI. Predictive markers for efficiency of the amino-acid deprivation therapies in cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1035356. [PMID: 36405587 PMCID: PMC9669297 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1035356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid deprivation therapy (AADT) is a promising strategy for developing novel anticancer treatments, based on variations in metabolism of healthy and malignant cells. L-asparaginase was the first amino acid-degrading enzyme that received FDA approval for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Arginase and arginine deiminase were effective in clinical trials for the treatment of metastatic melanomas and hepatocellular carcinomas. Essential dependence of certain cancer cells on methionine explains the anticancer efficacy of methionine-g-lyase. Along with significant progress in identification of metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells, new amino acid-cleaving enzymes appear as promising agents for cancer treatment: lysine oxidase, tyrosine phenol-lyase, cysteinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. However, sensitivity of specific cancer cell types to these enzymes differs. Hence, search for prognostic and predictive markers for AADT and introduction of the markers into clinical practice are of great importance for translational medicine. As specific metabolic pathways in cancer cells are determined by the enzyme expression, some of these enzymes may define the sensitivity to AADT. This review considers the known predictors for efficiency of AADT, emphasizing the importance of knowledge on cancer-specific amino acid significance for such predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim S. Pokrovsky
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Combined Treatment, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- *Correspondence: Vadim S. Pokrovsky,
| | - Louay Abo Qoura
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Morozova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria I. Bunik
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Lukasheva EV, Babayeva G, Karshieva SS, Zhdanov DD, Pokrovsky VS. L-Lysine α-Oxidase: Enzyme with Anticancer Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1070. [PMID: 34832852 PMCID: PMC8618108 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
L-lysine α-oxidase (LO), one of L-amino acid oxidases, deaminates L-lysine with the yield of H2O2, ammonia, and α-keto-ε-aminocaproate. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have reported cytotoxic, antitumor, antimetastatic, and antitumor activity of LO. Unlike asparaginase, LO has a dual mechanism of action: depletion of L-lysine and formation of H2O2, both targeting tumor growth. Prominent results were obtained on murine and human tumor models, including human colon cancer xenografts HCT 116, LS174T, and T47D with maximum T/C 12, 37, and 36%, respectively. The data obtained from human cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice confirm the potential of LO as an agent for colon cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss recently discovered molecular mechanisms of biological action and the potential of LO as anticancer enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Lukasheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho—Maklaya Street 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.L.); (G.B.)
| | - Gulalek Babayeva
- Department of Biochemistry, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho—Maklaya Street 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.L.); (G.B.)
- Laboratory of Combined Treatment, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Saida Sh. Karshieva
- Laboratory of Combined Treatment, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitry D. Zhdanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya Street 10/8, 119121 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vadim S. Pokrovsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho—Maklaya Street 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.L.); (G.B.)
- Laboratory of Combined Treatment, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
- Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, 1 Olimpiisky Prospect, 354340 Sochi, Russia
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Piel T, Sandrini G, Muyzer G, Brussaard CPD, Slot PC, van Herk MJ, Huisman J, Visser PM. Resilience of Microbial Communities after Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of a Eutrophic Lake to Suppress Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071495. [PMID: 34361929 PMCID: PMC8304526 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Applying low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to lakes is an emerging method to mitigate harmful cyanobacterial blooms. While cyanobacteria are very sensitive to H2O2, little is known about the impacts of these H2O2 treatments on other members of the microbial community. In this study, we investigated changes in microbial community composition during two lake treatments with low H2O2 concentrations (target: 2.5 mg L−1) and in two series of controlled lake incubations. The results show that the H2O2 treatments effectively suppressed the dominant cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon klebahnii, Dolichospermum sp. and, to a lesser extent, Planktothrix agardhii. Microbial community analysis revealed that several Proteobacteria (e.g., Alteromonadales, Pseudomonadales, Rhodobacterales) profited from the treatments, whereas some bacterial taxa declined (e.g., Verrucomicrobia). In particular, the taxa known to be resistant to oxidative stress (e.g., Rheinheimera) strongly increased in relative abundance during the first 24 h after H2O2 addition, but subsequently declined again. Alpha and beta diversity showed a temporary decline but recovered within a few days, demonstrating resilience of the microbial community. The predicted functionality of the microbial community revealed a temporary increase of anti-ROS defenses and glycoside hydrolases but otherwise remained stable throughout the treatments. We conclude that the use of low concentrations of H2O2 to suppress cyanobacterial blooms provides a short-term pulse disturbance but is not detrimental to lake microbial communities and their ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Piel
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Giovanni Sandrini
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Gerard Muyzer
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Corina P. D. Brussaard
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherland Institute for Sea Research, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. Slot
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Maria J. van Herk
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Jef Huisman
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Petra M. Visser
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.P.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (C.P.D.B.); (P.C.S.); (M.J.v.H.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-20-5257073
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Leu JH, Tsai CH, Yang CH, Chou HY, Wang HC. Identification and characterization of l-amino acid oxidase 2 gene in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 120:104058. [PMID: 33657430 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, l-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) have been identified in several fish species as first-line defense molecules against bacterial infection. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a fish LAAO gene, EcLAAO2, from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The full-length cDNA is 3030 bp, with an ORF encoding a protein of 511 amino acids. EcLAAO2 is mainly expressed in the fin, gill, and intestine. Its expression is upregulated in several immune organs after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and poly (I:C). The recombinant EcLAAO2 protein (rEcLAAO2), expressed and purified from a baculovirus expression system, was determined to be a glycosylated dimer. According to a hydrogen peroxide-production assay, the recombinant protein was identified as having LAAO enzyme activity with substrate preference for L-Phe and L-Trp, but not L-Lys as other known fish LAAOs. rEcLAAO2 could effectively inhibit the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis while exhibiting less effective inhibition of the growth of Escherichia coli. Finally, protein models based on sequence homology were constructed to predict the three-dimensional structure of EcLAAO2 as well as to explain the difference in substrate specificity between EcLAAO2 and other reported fish LAAOs. In conclusion, this study identifies EcLAAO2 as a novel fish LAAO with a substrate preference distinct from other known fish LAAOs and reveals that it may function against invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiann-Horng Leu
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chi-Hang Tsai
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Hsun Yang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Yiu Chou
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hao-Ching Wang
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, ROC; International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
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11
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Skin bacteria of rainbow trout antagonistic to the fish pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7518. [PMID: 33824380 PMCID: PMC8024317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) and bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) is a globally distributed freshwater fish disease caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum. In spite of its importance, an effective vaccine is not still available. Manipulation of the microbiome of skin, which is a primary infection gate for pathogens, could be a novel countermeasure. For example, increasing the abundance of specific antagonistic bacteria against pathogens in fish skin might be effective to prevent fish disease. Here, we combined cultivation with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to obtain insight into the skin microbiome of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and searched for skin bacteria antagonistic to F. psychrophilum. By using multiple culture media, we obtained 174 isolates spanning 18 genera. Among them, Bosea sp. OX14 and Flavobacterium sp. GL7 respectively inhibited the growth of F. psychrophilum KU190628-78 and NCIMB 1947T, and produced antagonistic compounds of < 3 kDa in size. Sequences related to our isolates comprised 4.95% of skin microbial communities, and those related to strains OX14 and GL7 respectively comprised 1.60% and 0.17% of the skin microbiome. Comparisons with previously published microbiome data detected sequences related to strains OX14 and GL7 in skin of other rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon.
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12
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Jha PN, Gomaa AB, Yanni YG, El-Saadany AEY, Stedtfeld TM, Stedtfeld RD, Gantner S, Chai B, Cole J, Hashsham SA, Dazzo FB. Alterations in the Endophyte-Enriched Root-Associated Microbiome of Rice Receiving Growth-Promoting Treatments of Urea Fertilizer and Rhizobium Biofertilizer. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2020; 79:367-382. [PMID: 31346687 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined the bacterial endophyte-enriched root-associated microbiome within rice (Oryza sativa) 55 days after growth in soil with and without urea fertilizer and/or biofertilization with a growth-promotive bacterial strain (Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii E11). After treatment to deplete rhizosphere/rhizoplane communities, washed roots were macerated and their endophyte-enriched communities were analyzed by 16S ribosomal DNA 454 amplicon pyrosequencing. This analysis clustered 99,990 valid sequence reads into 1105 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 97% sequence identity, 133 of which represented a consolidated core assemblage representing 12.04% of the fully detected OTU richness. Taxonomic affiliations indicated Proteobacteria as the most abundant phylum (especially α- and γ-Proteobacteria classes), followed by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, and several other phyla. Dominant genera included Rheinheimera, unclassified Rhodospirillaceae, Pseudomonas, Asticcacaulis, Sphingomonas, and Rhizobium. Several OTUs had close taxonomic affiliation to genera of diazotrophic rhizobacteria, including Rhizobium, unclassified Rhizobiales, Azospirillum, Azoarcus, unclassified Rhizobiaceae, Bradyrhizobium, Azonexus, Mesorhizobium, Devosia, Azovibrio, Azospira, Azomonas, and Azotobacter. The endophyte-enriched microbiome was restructured within roots receiving growth-promoting treatments. Compared to the untreated control, endophyte-enriched communities receiving urea and/or biofertilizer treatments were significantly reduced in OTU richness and relative read abundances. Several unique OTUs were enriched in each of the treatment communities. These alterations in structure of root-associated communities suggest dynamic interactions in the host plant microbiome, some of which may influence the well-documented positive synergistic impact of rhizobial biofertilizer inoculation plus low doses of urea-N fertilizer on growth promotion of rice, considered as one of the world's most important food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat N Jha
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Abu-Bakr Gomaa
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Youssef G Yanni
- Department of Microbiology, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | | | - Tiffany M Stedtfeld
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Swift Biosciences, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert D Stedtfeld
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Swift Biosciences, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephan Gantner
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Medicine, Economics and Health, University of Applied Sciences, Cologne, Germany
| | - Benli Chai
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Swift Biosciences, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James Cole
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Syed A Hashsham
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Frank B Dazzo
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Chiellini C, Pasqualetti C, Lanzoni O, Fagorzi C, Bazzocchi C, Fani R, Petroni G, Modeo L. Harmful Effect of Rheinheimera sp. EpRS3 ( Gammaproteobacteria) Against the Protist Euplotes aediculatus (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea): Insights Into the Ecological Role of Antimicrobial Compounds From Environmental Bacterial Strains. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:510. [PMID: 31001206 PMCID: PMC6457097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheinheimera sp. strain EpRS3, isolated from the rhizosphere of Echinacea purpurea, is already known for its ability to produce antibacterial compounds. By use of culture experiments, we verified and demonstrated its harmful effect against the ciliated protist Euplotes aediculatus (strain EASCc1), which by FISH experiments resulted to harbor in its cytoplasm the obligate bacterial endosymbiont Polynucleobacter necessarius (Betaproteobacteria) and the secondary endosymbiont "Candidatus Nebulobacter yamunensis" (Gammaproteobacteria). In culture experiments, the number of ciliates treated both with liquid broth bacteria-free (Supernatant treatment) and bacteria plus medium (Tq treatment), decreases with respect to control cells, with complete disappearance of ciliates within 6 h after Tq treatment. Results suggest that Rheinheimera sp. EpRS3 produces and releases in liquid culture one or more bioactive molecules affecting E. aediculatus survival. TEM analysis of control (not treated) ciliates allowed to morphologically characterize both kind of E. aediculatus endosymbionts. In treated ciliates, collected soon after the arising of cell suffering leading to death, TEM observations revealed some ultrastructural damages, indicating that P. necessarius endosymbionts went into degradation and vacuolization after both Supernatant and Tq treatments. Additionally, TEM investigation showed that when the ciliate culture was inoculated with Tq treatment, both a notable decrease of P. necessarius number and an increase of damaged and degraded mitochondria occur. FISH experiments performed on treated ciliates confirmed TEM results and, by means of the specific probe herein designed, disclosed the presence of Rheinheimera sp. EpRS3 both inside phagosomes and free in cytoplasm in ciliates after Tq treatment. This finding suggests a putative ability of Rheinheimera sp. EpRS3 to reintroduce itself in the environment avoiding ciliate digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Camilla Fagorzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Bazzocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Fani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Modeo
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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The Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea L-amino Acid Oxidase with Antimicrobial Activity Is a Flavoenzyme. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16120499. [PMID: 30545033 PMCID: PMC6316408 DOI: 10.3390/md16120499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is a rich source of antimicrobial compounds with promising pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications. The Pseudoalteromonas genus harbors one of the highest proportions of bacterial species producing antimicrobial molecules. For decades, the presence of proteins with L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) and antimicrobial activity in Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea has been known. Here, we present for the first time the identification, cloning, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Pl-LAAO, the enzyme responsible for both LAAO and antimicrobial activity in P. luteoviolacea strain CPMOR-2. Pl-LAAO is a flavoprotein of a broad substrate range, in which the hydrogen peroxide generated in the LAAO reaction is responsible for the antimicrobial activity. So far, no protein with a sequence similarity to Pl-LAAO has been cloned or characterized, with this being the first report on a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-containing LAAO with antimicrobial activity from a marine microorganism. Our results revealed that 20.4% of the sequenced Pseudoalteromonas strains (specifically, 66.6% of P. luteoviolacea strains) contain Pl-laao similar genes, which constitutes a well-defined phylogenetic group. In summary, this work provides insights into the biological significance of antimicrobial LAAOs in the Pseudoalteromonas genus and shows an effective approach for the detection of novel LAAOs, whose study may be useful for biotechnological applications.
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15
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Yang Y, Wang W. Benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride shifts the proliferation of functional genes and microbial community in natural water from eutrophic lake. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:355-365. [PMID: 29414358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzylalkyldimethylethyl ammonium compounds are pervasive in natural environments and toxic at high concentrations. The changes in functional genes and microbial diversity in eutrophic lake samples exposed to benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (BAC) were assessed. BAC exerted negative effects on bacteria abundance, particularly at concentrations of 100 μg L-1 and higher. A significant increase in the number of the quaternary ammonium compound-resistant gene qacA/B was recorded within the 10 μg L-1 treatment after the first day of exposure. Not all antibiotic resistance genes increased in abundance as the concentrations of BAC increased; rather, gene abundances were dependent on the gene type, concentrations of BAC, and contact time. The nitrogen fixation-related gene nifH and ammonia monooxygenase gene amoA were inhibited by high concentrations of BAC after the first day, whereas an increase of the nitrite reductase gene nirK was stimulated by exposure. Microbial communities within higher treatment levels (1000 and 10 000 μg L-1) exhibited significantly different community composition compared to other treatment levels and the control. Selective enrichment of Rheinheimera, Pseudomonas, and Vogesella were found in the higher treatment levels, suggesting that these bacteria have some resistance or degradation capacity to BAC. Genes related with RNA processing and modification, transcription, lipid transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, and cell motility of microbial community function were involved in the process exposed to the BAC stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Weibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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16
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Moss habitats distinctly affect their associated bacterial community structures as revealed by the high-throughput sequencing method. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:58. [PMID: 29605884 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the factors that influence the distribution of bacteria associated with mosses, the communities inhabiting in five moss species from two different habitats in Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve were investigated using the high-throughput sequencing method. The sequencing was performed based on the bacterial 16S rRNA and 16S rDNA libraries. Results showed that there are abundant bacteria inhabiting in all the mosses sampled. The taxonomic analysis of these bacteria showed that they mainly consisted of those in the phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and seldom were from phylum Armatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The hierarchical cluster tree, based on the OTU level, divided the bacteria associated with all samples into two branches according to the habitat types of the host (terrestrial and aquatic). The PCoA diagram further divided the bacterial compositions into four groups according to both types of habitats and the data sources (DNA and RNA). There were larger differences in the bacterial community composition in the mosses collected from aquatic habitat than those of terrestrial one, whether at the DNA or RNA level. Thus, this survey supposed that the habitat where the host was growing was a relevant factor influencing bacterial community composition. In addition, the bacterial community detected at the RNA level was more sensitive to the habitat of the growing host, which could also be proved by the significantly differences in the predicted function by PICRUSt and the metabolically active dominant genera between different groups. This study expands the knowledge about the interactions between mosses and microbes.
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17
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Meyer N, Bigalke A, Kaulfuß A, Pohnert G. Strategies and ecological roles of algicidal bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 41:880-899. [PMID: 28961821 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In both freshwater and marine ecosystems, phytoplankton are the most dominant primary producers, contributing substantially to aquatic food webs. Algicidal bacteria that can associate to microalgae from the phytoplankton have the capability to control the proliferation and even to lyse them. These bacteria thus play an important role in shaping species composition in pelagic environments. In this review, we discuss and categorise strategies used by algicidal bacteria for the attack on microalgae. We highlight the complex regulation of algicidal activity and defence responses that govern alga-bacteria interactions. We also discuss how algicidal bacteria impact algal physiology and metabolism and survey the existing algicidal metabolites and enzymes. The review illustrates that the ecological role of algicidal bacteria is not yet fully understood and critically discusses the challenges in obtaining ecologically relevant data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Meyer
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Arite Bigalke
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anett Kaulfuß
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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18
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Kalinovskaya NI, Romanenko LA, Kalinovsky AI. Antibacterial low-molecular-weight compounds produced by the marine bacterium Rheinheimera japonica KMM 9513 T. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:719-726. [PMID: 28176144 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Strain KMM 9513T was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the Sea of Japan seashore and selected due to its ability to inhibit indicator bacterial growth. The strain KMM 9513T has been recently described as a novel species Rheinheimera japonica. This study was undertaken to determine which substances produced by strain KMM 9513T could be responsible for its antimicrobial activity. Eight compounds were obtained from an ethyl acetate extract of R. japonica KMM 9513T. The structures of five diketopiperazines (4-8) and diisobutyl-, dibutyl- and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalates (1-3) were established on the basis of detailed interpretation of NMR data, by Marfey method and optical rotation data. The structures of diketopiperazines were determined as cyclo-(L-valyl-L-proline), cyclo-(L-valyl-D-proline), cyclo-(L-phenylalanyl-L-proline), cyclo-(L-leucyl-L-proline), and cyclo-(L-phenylalanyl-D-proline). Compounds 1-3, 5 and 8 revealed antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis and/or Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus. In this paper, we describe the isolation and structural elucidation of the isolated compounds 1-8. This is the first report of the characterisation of low molecular weight antibacterial metabolites produced by a member of the genus Rheinheimera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Kalinovskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 Let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok, Russia, 690022
| | - Lyudmila A Romanenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 Let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok, Russia, 690022. .,Far Eastern Federal University, Oktyabr'skaya Street, 27, Vladivostok, Russia, 690091.
| | - Anatoly I Kalinovsky
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 Let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok, Russia, 690022
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Campillo-Brocal JC, Lucas-Elío P, Sanchez-Amat A. Distribution in Different Organisms of Amino Acid Oxidases with FAD or a Quinone As Cofactor and Their Role as Antimicrobial Proteins in Marine Bacteria. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:7403-18. [PMID: 26694422 PMCID: PMC4699246 DOI: 10.3390/md13127073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid oxidases (AAOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of amino acids releasing ammonium and hydrogen peroxide. Several kinds of these enzymes have been reported. Depending on the amino acid isomer used as a substrate, it is possible to differentiate between l-amino acid oxidases and d-amino acid oxidases. Both use FAD as cofactor and oxidize the amino acid in the alpha position releasing the corresponding keto acid. Recently, a novel class of AAOs has been described that does not contain FAD as cofactor, but a quinone generated by post-translational modification of residues in the same protein. These proteins are named as LodA-like proteins, after the first member of this group described, LodA, a lysine epsilon oxidase synthesized by the marine bacterium Marinomonas mediterranea. In this review, a phylogenetic analysis of all the enzymes described with AAO activity has been performed. It is shown that it is possible to recognize different groups of these enzymes and those containing the quinone cofactor are clearly differentiated. In marine bacteria, particularly in the genus Pseudoalteromonas, most of the proteins described as antimicrobial because of their capacity to generate hydrogen peroxide belong to the group of LodA-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan C Campillo-Brocal
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - Patricia Lucas-Elío
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - Antonio Sanchez-Amat
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
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20
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Lukasheva EV, Ribakova YS, Fedorova TN, Makletsova MG, Arinbasarova AY, Medentzev AG, Berezov TT. [Effect of L-lysine alpha-oxidase from Trichoderma cf. aureoviride Rifai ВКМF-4268D on pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2015; 61:99-104. [PMID: 25762603 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20156101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
L-Amino acid oxidases (L-ААО, EC 1.4.3.2) comprise a group of flavoproteins, catalyzing oxidative deamination of L-alpha amino acids to the corresponding alpha-keto acids, NH3 and Н2О2. In most cases these enzymes present homodimeric molecules with a molecular mass of 100-150 kDa, which were shown to possess antiviral, antifungal and antitumor activity. L-lysine alpha-oxidase (LO) holds an outstanding place among this group of enzymes and its biological role may differ significantly from the other L-AAO, because it cleaves an essential amino acid - L-lysine without significant action on the other amino acids. Although much research has examined LO effects in the organism, the molecular basis of these effects is yet to be identified. To fill this gap, the present work addressed one of hypothetical mechanisms of LO biological action using the enzyme from Trichoderma cf. aureoviride Rifai ВКМF-4268D and rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 as a model cell line. Using flow cytometry a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of LO was shown. The significant growth of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, detected by 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein assay, implies generation of peroxide as one of the molecular mechanisms of LO cytotoxic action, although this does not rule out other probable ways of LO action in the organizm.
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Campillo-Brocal JC, Chacón-Verdú MD, Lucas-Elío P, Sánchez-Amat A. Distribution in microbial genomes of genes similar to lodA and goxA which encode a novel family of quinoproteins with amino acid oxidase activity. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:231. [PMID: 25886995 PMCID: PMC4417212 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background L-Amino acid oxidases (LAOs) have been generally described as flavoproteins that oxidize amino acids releasing the corresponding ketoacid, ammonium and hydrogen peroxide. The generation of hydrogen peroxide gives to these enzymes antimicrobial characteristics. They are involved in processes such as biofilm development and microbial competition. LAOs are of great biotechnological interest in different applications such as the design of biosensors, biotransformations and biomedicine. The marine bacterium Marinomonas mediterranea synthesizes LodA, the first known LAO that contains a quinone cofactor. LodA is encoded in an operon that contains a second gene coding for LodB, a protein required for the post-translational modification generating the cofactor. Recently, GoxA, a quinoprotein with sequence similarity to LodA but with a different enzymatic activity (glycine oxidase instead of lysine-ε-oxidase) has been described. The aim of this work has been to study the distribution of genes similar to lodA and/or goxA in sequenced microbial genomes and to get insight into the evolution of this novel family of proteins through phylogenetic analysis. Results Genes encoding LodA-like proteins have been detected in several bacterial classes. However, they are absent in Archaea and detected only in a small group of fungi of the class Agaromycetes. The vast majority of the genes detected are in a genome region with a nearby lodB-like gene suggesting a specific interaction between both partner proteins. Sequence alignment of the LodA-like proteins allowed the detection of several conserved residues. All of them showed a Cys and a Trp that aligned with the residues that are forming part of the cysteine tryptophilquinone (CTQ) cofactor in LodA. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that LodA-like proteins can be clustered in different groups. Interestingly, LodA and GoxA are in different groups, indicating that those groups are related to the enzymatic activity of the proteins detected. Conclusions Genome mining has revealed for the first time the broad distribution of LodA-like proteins containing a CTQ cofactor in many different microbial groups. This study provides a platform to explore the potentially novel enzymatic activities of the proteins detected, the mechanisms of post-translational modifications involved in their synthesis, as well as their biological relevance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1455-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan C Campillo-Brocal
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Chacón-Verdú
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
| | - Patricia Lucas-Elío
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
| | - Antonio Sánchez-Amat
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
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22
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Romanenko LA, Tanaka N, Svetashev VI, Kalinovskaya NI, Mikhailov VV. Rheinheimera japonica sp. nov., a novel bacterium with antimicrobial activity from seashore sediments of the Sea of Japan. Arch Microbiol 2015; 197:613-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-015-1095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Yang C, Li Y, Zhou B, Zhou Y, Zheng W, Tian Y, Van Nostrand JD, Wu L, He Z, Zhou J, Zheng T. Illumina sequencing-based analysis of free-living bacterial community dynamics during an Akashiwo sanguine bloom in Xiamen sea, China. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8476. [PMID: 25684124 PMCID: PMC4329561 DOI: 10.1038/srep08476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although phytoplankton are the major source of marine dissolved organic matter (DOM), their blooms are a global problem that can greatly affect marine ecological systems, especially free-living bacteria, which are the primary DOM degraders. In this study, we analyzed free-living bacterial communities from Xiamen sea during an Akashiwo sanguine bloom using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The bloom was probably stimulated by low salinity and ended after abatement of eutrophication pollution. A total of 658,446 sequence reads and 11,807 OTUs were obtained in both bloom and control samples with Alpha-proteobacteria and Gamma-proteobacteria being the predominant classes detected. The bloom decreased bacterial diversity, increased species evenness, and significantly changed the bacterial community structure. Bacterial communities within the bloom were more homogeneous than those within the control area. The bacteria stimulated by this bloom included the SAR86 and SAR116 clades and the AEGEAN-169 marine group, but a few were suppressed. In addition, many bacteria known to be associated with phytoplankton were detected only in the bloom samples. This study revealed the great influence of an A. sanguinea bloom on free-living bacterial communities, and provided new insights into the relationship between bacteria and A. sanguinea in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Benjamin Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yun Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Joy D. Van Nostrand
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
| | - Liyou Wu
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
| | - Zhili He
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 730722, USA
- Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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24
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Boutin S, Sauvage C, Bernatchez L, Audet C, Derome N. Inter individual variations of the fish skin microbiota: host genetics basis of mutualism? PLoS One 2014; 9:e102649. [PMID: 25068850 PMCID: PMC4113282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal microbiota of fish skin is suspected to provide a protection against opportunist infections. The skin of fish harbors a complex and diverse microbiota that closely interacts with the surrounding water microbial communities. Up to now there is no clear evidence as to whether the host regulates the recruitment of environmental bacteria to build a specific skin microbiota. To address this question, we detected Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with the abundance of specific skin microbiota bacterial strains in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), combining 16S RNA tagged-amplicon 454 pyrosequencing with genetic linkage analysis. Skin microbiota analysis revealed high inter-individual variation among 86 F2 fish progeny based upon the relative abundance of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Out of those OTUs, the pathogenic strain Flavobacterium psychrophilum and the non-pathogenic strain Methylobacterium rhodesianum explained the majority of inter-individual distances. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation was found between Flavobacterium and Methylobacterium, suggesting a mutually competitive relationship. Finally, after considering a total of 266 markers, genetic linkage analysis highlighted three major QTL associated with the abundance of Lysobacter, Rheinheimera and Methylobacterium. All these three genera are known for their beneficial antibacterial activity. Overall, our results provide evidence that host genotype may regulate the abundance of specific genera among their surface microbiota. They also indicate that Lysobacter, Rheinheimera and Methylobacterium are potentially important genera in providing protection against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Boutin
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Christopher Sauvage
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- INRA, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Domaine St Maurice - Allée des Chênes, Montfavet, France
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Céline Audet
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Derome
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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25
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Advances in Detection Methods of l-Amino Acid Oxidase Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:13-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Chen WM, Yang SH, Young CC, Sheu SY. Rheinheimera tilapiae sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater culture pond. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:1457-1463. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.043836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterial strain designated Ruye-90T was isolated from a freshwater tilapiine cichlid fish culture pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain Ruye-90T was Gram-negative, aerobic, yellow-coloured, rod-shaped, and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 4–30 °C (optimum, 20–30 °C), at pH 7.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0–9.0) and with 0–2 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Ruye-90T belonged to the genus
Rheinheimera
and its most closely related neighbour was
Rheinheimera tangshanensis
JA3-B52T with sequence similarity of 97.5 %. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c, 41.3 %), C16 : 0 (19.3 %), C18 : 1ω7c (8.4 %) and C12 : 0 3-OH (7.0 %). The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 49.0 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, aminolipid and two uncharacterized phospholipids. The DNA–DNA relatedness of strain Ruye-90T with respect to recognized members of the genus
Rheinheimera
was less than 70 %. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain Ruye-90T represents a novel species in the genus
Rheinheimera
, for which the name Rheinheimera tilapiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Ruye-90T ( = LMG 26339T = BCRC 80263T = KCTC 23315T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Road Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shwu-Harn Yang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Road Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiu-Chung Young
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Yi Sheu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Road Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC
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27
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Alkotaini B, Anuar N, Kadhum AAH, Sani AAA. Detection of secreted antimicrobial peptides isolated from cell-free culture supernatant of Paenibacillus alvei AN5. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:571-9. [PMID: 23508455 PMCID: PMC3656248 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An antimicrobial substance produced by the Paenibacillus alvei strain AN5 was detected in fermentation broth. Subsequently, cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) was obtained by medium centrifugation and filtration, and its antimicrobial activity was tested. This showed a broad inhibitory spectrum against both Gram-positive and -negative bacterial strains. The CFCS was then purified and subjected to SDS-PAGE and infrared spectroscopy, which indicated the proteinaceous nature of the antimicrobial compound. Some de novo sequencing using an automatic Q-TOF premier system determined the amino acid sequence of the purified antimicrobial peptide as Y-S-K-S-L-P-L-S-V-L-N-P (1,316 Da). The novel peptide was designated as peptide AN5-1. Its mode of action was bactericidal, inducing cell lysis in E. coli ATCC 29522 and S. aureus, and non-cell lysis in both S. marcescens and B. cereus ATCC 14579. Peptide AN5-1 displayed stability at a wide range of pH values (2–12) and remained active after exposure to high temperatures (100 °C). It also maintained its antimicrobial activity after incubation with chemicals such as SDS, urea and EDTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Alkotaini
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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28
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Yu Z, Qiao H. Advances in non-snake venom L-amino acid oxidase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:1-13. [PMID: 22367642 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
L-amino acid oxidase is widely found in diverse organisms and has different properties. It is thought to contribute to antimicrobial activity, amino acid catabolism, and so forth. The purpose of this communication is to summarize the advances in non-snake venom L-amino acid oxidase, including its enzymatic and structural properties, gene cloning and expression, and biological function. In addition, the mechanism of its biological function as well as its application is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Yu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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29
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Chen WM, Sheu FS, Sheu SY. Novel L-amino acid oxidase with algicidal activity against toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa synthesized by a bacterium Aquimarina sp. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 49:372-9. [PMID: 22112563 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A brownish yellow pigmented bacterial strain, designated antisso-27, was recently isolated from a water area of saltpan in Southern Taiwan. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicate that strain antisso-27 belongs the genus Aquimarina in the family Flavobacteriacea and its only closest neighbor is Aquimarina spongiae (96.6%). Based on screening for algicidal activity, strain antisso-27 exhibits potent activity against the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Both the strain antisso-27 bacterial culture and its culture filtrate show algicidal activity against the toxic cyanobacterium, indicating that an algicidal substance is released from strain antisso-27. The algicidal activity of strain antisso-27 occurs during the late stationary phase of bacterial growth. Strain antisso-27 can synthesize an algicidal protein with a molecular mass of 190 kDa, and its isoelectric point is approximately 9.4. This study explores the nature of this algicidal protein such as L-amino acid oxidase with broad substrate specificity. The enzyme is most active with L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-methionine and L-valine and the hydrogen peroxide generated by its catalysis mediates algicidal activity. This is the first report on an Aquimarina strain algicidal to the toxic M. aeruginosa and the algicidal activity is generated through its enzymatic activity of L-amino acid oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ming Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd., Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan
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30
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Rau JE, Fischer U. In-gel detection of L-amino acid oxidases based on the visualisation of hydrogen peroxide production. J Microbiol Methods 2011; 85:228-9. [PMID: 21397638 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple and practicable method for in-gel detection of bacterial produced L-amino acid oxidases (L-AAOs) after non-denaturing SDS-PAGE based on the visualisation of occurring hydrogen peroxide production is described. Advantages of this screening method for L-AAOs are the determination of their numbers and approximate molecular weights additionally in one approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Erik Rau
- Zentrum für Umweltforschung und nachhaltige Technologien, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, Abteilung Marine Mikrobiologie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Strasse, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
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31
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Chen WM, Lin CY, Chen CA, Wang JT, Sheu SY. Involvement of an l-amino acid oxidase in the activity of the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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