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Gonçalves AL, Cunha PM, da Silva Lima A, Dos Santos JC, Segato F. Production of recombinant lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases and evaluation effect of its addition into Aspergillus fumigatus var. niveus cocktail for sugarcane bagasse saccharification. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2023; 1871:140919. [PMID: 37164048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2023.140919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising alternative for producing biofuels, despite its recalcitrant nature. There are microorganisms in nature capable of efficiently degrade biomass, such as the filamentous fungi. Among them, Aspergillus fumigatus var. niveus (AFUMN) has a wide variety of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), especially hydrolases, but a low number of oxidative enzymes in its genome. To confirm the enzymatic profile of this fungus, this study analyzed the secretome of AFUMN cultured in sugarcane bagasse as the sole carbon source. As expected, the secretome showed a predominance of hydrolytic enzymes compared to oxidative activity. However, it is known that hydrolytic enzymes act in synergy with oxidative proteins to efficiently degrade cellulose polymer, such as the Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases (LPMOs). Thus, three LPMOs from the fungus Thermothelomyces thermophilus (TtLPMO9D, TtLPMO9H, and TtLPMO9O) were selected, heterologous expressed in Aspergillus nidulans, purified, and used to supplement the AFUMN secretome to evaluate their effect on the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse. The saccharification assay was carried out using different concentrations of AFUMN secretome supplemented with recombinant T. thermophilus LPMOs, as well as ascorbic acid as reducing agent for oxidative enzymes. Through a statistic design created by Design-Expert software, we were able to analyze a possible cooperative effect between these components. The results indicated that, in general, the addition of TtLPMO9D and ascorbic acid did not favor the conversion process in this study, while TtLPMO9O had a highly significant cooperative effect in bagasse saccharification compared to the control using only AFUMN secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Larissa Gonçalves
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Macedo Cunha
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Awana da Silva Lima
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Dos Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Segato
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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Dias IKR, Lacerda BK, Arantes V. High-yield production of rod-like and spherical nanocellulose by controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of mechanically pretreated cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125053. [PMID: 37244329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and scalable mechanical pretreatment was evaluated as means to increase the cellulose accessibility of cellulose fibers, with the aim of improving the efficiency of enzymatic reactions for the production of cellulose nanoparticles (CNs). In addition, the effects of enzyme type (endoglucanase - EG, endoxylanase - EX, and a cellulase preparation - CB), composition ratio (0-200UEG:0-200UEX or EG, EX, and CB alone), and loading (0 U-200 U) were investigated in relation to CN yield, morphology, and properties. The combination of mechanical pretreatment and specific conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis substantially improved CN production yield, reaching up to 83 %. The production of rod-like or spherical nanoparticles and their chemical composition were highly dependent on the type of enzyme, composition ratio, and loading. However, these enzymatic conditions minimally affected the crystallinity index (approximately 80 %) and thermal stability (Tmax within 330-355 °C). Collectively, these results demonstrate that mechanical pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis under specific conditions is a suitable method to produce nanocellulose with a high yield and tunable properties such as purity, rod-like or spherical forms, high thermal stability, and high crystallinity. Therefore, this production route is a promising approach to produce tailored CNs with the potential to offer superior performance in a variety of sophisticated applications, including, but not limited to, wound dressings, drug delivery, thermoplastic composites, 3D (bio)printing, and smart packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella K R Dias
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna K Lacerda
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdeir Arantes
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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de Camargo BR, Steindorff AS, da Silva LA, de Oliveira AS, Hamann PRV, Noronha EF. Expression profiling of Clostridium thermocellum B8 during the deconstruction of sugarcane bagasse and straw. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:105. [PMID: 36840776 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The gram-positive bacterium Clostridium thermocellum contains a set of carbohydrate-active enzymes that can potentially be employed to generate high-value-added products from lignocellulose. In this study, the gene expression profiling of C. thermocellum B8 was provided during growth in the presence of sugarcane bagasse and straw as a carbon source in comparison to growth using microcrystalline cellulose. A total of 625 and 509 genes were up-regulated for growth in the presence of bagasse and straw, respectively. These genes were mainly grouped into carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), cell motility, chemotaxis, quorum sensing pathway and expression control of glycoside hydrolases. These results show that type of carbon source modulates the gene expression profiling of carbohydrate-active enzymes. In addition, highlight the importance of cell motility, attachment to the substrate and communication in deconstructing complex substrates. This present work may contribute to the development of enzymatic cocktails and industrial strains for biorefineries based on sugarcane residues as feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Rabello de Camargo
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Assis da Silva
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Athos Silva de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ricardo Vieira Hamann
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense,400, Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Eliane Ferreira Noronha
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
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de Camargo BR, Takematsu HM, Ticona ARP, da Silva LA, Silva FL, Quirino BF, Hamann PRV, Noronha EF. Penicillium polonicum a new isolate obtained from Cerrado soil as a source of carbohydrate-active enzymes produced in response to sugarcane bagasse. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:348. [PMID: 36386566 PMCID: PMC9652181 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium species have been studied as producers of plant cell wall degrading enzymes to deconstruct agricultural residues and to be applied in industrial processes. Natural environments containing decaying plant matter are ideal places for isolating fungal strains with cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities. In the present study, Cerrado soil samples were used as source of filamentous fungi able to degrade xylan and cellulose. Penicillium was the most abundant genus among the obtained xylan and carboxymethylcellulose degraders. Penicillium polonicum was one of the best enzyme producers in agar-plate assays. In addition, it secretes CMCase, Avicelase, pectinase, mannanase, and xylanase during growth in liquid media containing sugarcane bagasse as carbon source. The highest value for endo-β-1,4-xylanase activity was obtained after 4 days of growth. Xyl PP, a 20 kDa endo-β-1,4-xylanase, was purified and partially characterized. The purified enzyme presented the remarkable feature of being resistant to the lignin-derived phenolic compounds, p-coumaric and trans-ferulic acids. This feature calls for its further use in bioprocesses that use lignocellulose as feedstock. Furthermore, future work should explore its structural features which may contribute to the understanding of the relationship between its structure and resistance to phenolic compounds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03405-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Rabelo de Camargo
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Hamille Mey Takematsu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Alonso R. Poma Ticona
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Leonardo Assis da Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Francilene Lopes Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Betania Ferraz Quirino
- Embrapa-Agroenergia, Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Brasilia, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | - Pedro R. Vieira Hamann
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Eliane Ferreira Noronha
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
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Crosby JR, Laemthong T, Bing RG, Zhang K, Tanwee TNN, Lipscomb GL, Rodionov DA, Zhang Y, Adams MWW, Kelly RM. Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0130222. [PMID: 36218355 PMCID: PMC9642015 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01302-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caldicellulosiruptor species scavenge carbohydrates from runoff containing plant biomass that enters hot springs and from grasses that grow in more moderate parts of thermal features. While only a few Caldicellulosiruptor species can degrade cellulose, all known species are hemicellulolytic. The most well-characterized species, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii, decentralizes its hemicellulase inventory across five different genomic loci and two isolated genes. Transcriptomic analyses, comparative genomics, and enzymatic characterization were utilized to assign functional roles and determine the relative importance of its six putative endoxylanases (five glycoside hydrolase family 10 [GH10] enzymes and one GH11 enzyme) and two putative exoxylanases (one GH39 and one GH3) in C. bescii. Two genus-wide conserved xylanases, C. bescii XynA (GH10) and C. bescii Xyl3A (GH3), had the highest levels of sugar release on oat spelt xylan, were in the top 10% of all genes transcribed by C. bescii, and were highly induced on xylan compared to cellulose. This indicates that a minimal set of enzymes are used to drive xylan degradation in the genus Caldicellulosiruptor, complemented by hemicellulolytic inventories that are tuned to specific forms of hemicellulose in available plant biomasses. To this point, synergism studies revealed that the pairing of specific GH family proteins (GH3, -11, and -39) with C. bescii GH10 proteins released more sugar in vitro than mixtures containing five different GH10 proteins. Overall, this work demonstrates the essential requirements for Caldicellulosiruptor to degrade various forms of xylan and the differences in species genomic inventories that are tuned for survival in unique biotopes with variable lignocellulosic substrates. IMPORTANCE Microbial deconstruction of lignocellulose for the production of biofuels and chemicals requires the hydrolysis of heterogeneous hemicelluloses to access the microcrystalline cellulose portion. This work extends previous in vivo and in vitro efforts to characterize hemicellulose utilization by integrating genomic reconstruction, transcriptomic data, operon structures, and biochemical characteristics of key enzymes to understand the deployment and functionality of hemicellulases by the extreme thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Furthermore, comparative genomics of the genus revealed both conserved and divergent mechanisms for hemicellulose utilization across the 15 sequenced species, thereby paving the way to connecting functional enzyme characterization with metabolic engineering efforts to enhance lignocellulose conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Crosby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tunyaboon Laemthong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ryan G. Bing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of the Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kinston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Tania N. N. Tanwee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Gina L. Lipscomb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Dmitry A. Rodionov
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of the Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kinston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Michael W. W. Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert M. Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Characterization of a GH5 endoxylanase from Penicillium funiculosum and its synergism with GH16 endo-1,3(4)-glucanase in saccharification of sugarcane bagasse. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17219. [PMID: 36241677 PMCID: PMC9568505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of second-generation fuels from lignocellulosic residues such as sugarcane bagasse (SCB) requires the synergistic interaction of key cellulose-degrading enzymes and accessory proteins for their complete deconstruction to useful monomeric sugars. Here, we recombinantly expressed and characterized unknown GH5 xylanase from P. funiculosum (PfXyn5) in Pichia pastoris, which was earlier found in our study to be highly implicated in SCB saccharification. The PfXyn5 has a molecular mass of ~ 55 kDa and showed broad activity against a range of substrates like xylan, xyloglucan, laminarin and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside, with the highest specific activity of 0.7 U/mg against xylan at pH 4.5 and 50 °C. Analysis of the degradation products of xylan and SCB by PfXyn5 showed significant production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with a degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from two (DP2) to six (DP6), thus, suggesting that the PfXyn5 is an endo-acting enzyme. The enzyme synergistically improved the saccharification of SCB when combined with the crude cellulase cocktail of P. funiculosum with a degree of synergism up to 1.32. The PfXyn5 was further expressed individually and simultaneously with a notable GH16 endoglucanase (PfEgl16) in a catabolite-derepressed strain of P. funiculosum, PfMig188, and the saccharification efficiency of the secretomes from the resulting transformants were investigated on SCB. The secretome of PfMig188 overexpressing Xyn5 or Egl16 increased the saccharification of SCB by 9% or 7%, respectively, over the secretome of PfMig188, while the secretome of dual transformant increased SCB saccharification by ~ 15% at the same minimal protein concentration.
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Yang H, Huang Y, Li K, Zhu P, Wang Y, Li X, Meng Q, Niu Q, Wang S, Li Q. Lignocellulosic depolymerization induced by ionic liquids regulating composting habitats based on metagenomics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76298-76309. [PMID: 35668255 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of ionic liquids with sawdust and fresh dairy manure was studied in composting. The degradation of organic matter (OM), dissolved organic matter (DOM), and lignocellulose was analyzed. The DOM decreased by 14.25 mg/g and 11.11 mg/g in experimental group (ILs) and control group (CK), respectively. OM decreased by 7.32% (CK) and 8.91% (ILs), respectively. The degradation rates of hemicellulose, lignin, and cellulose in ILs (56.62%, 42.01%, and 23.97%) were higher than in CK (38.39%, 39.82%, and 16.04%). Microbial community and carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were analyzed based on metagenomics. Metagenomic analysis results showed that ionic liquids enriched Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in composting. Compared with CK, the total abundance values of GH11, GH6, AA6, and AA3_2 in ILs increased by 13.98%, 10.12%, 11.21%, and 13.68%, respectively. Ionic liquids can improve the lignocellulosic degradation by regulating the environmental physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, C/N) to promote the growth of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) abundance. Therefore, ionic liquids are a promising additive in lignocellulosic waste composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yite Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yiwu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingran Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qiuqi Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Susu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qunliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Dias IKR, Siqueira GA, Arantes V. Xylanase increases the selectivity of the enzymatic hydrolysis with endoglucanase to produce cellulose nanocrystals with improved properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:589-600. [PMID: 35963352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-mediated isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is a promising environment friendly method with expected lower capital and operating expenditures compared to traditional processes. However, it is still poorly understood. In this study, an endoxylanase was applied as accessory enzyme to assess its potential to increase the selectivity of an endoglucanase during cellulose hydrolysis to isolate CNCs with improved properties. Only combinations of the enzymes with xylanase activity equal to or higher than the endoglucanase activity resulted in CNCs with improved properties (i.e., crystallinity, thermostability, uniformity, suspension stability and aspect ratio). The beneficial effects of the accessory enzyme are related to its hydrolytic (xylan and cellulose hydrolysis) and non-hydrolytic action (swelling of cellulose fibers and fiber porosity) and on the ratio of the enzymes, which in turn allows to tailor the properties of the CNCs. In conclusion, compared to the traditional sulfuric acid hydrolysis method, accessory enzymes help to isolate cellulose nanomaterials with improved and customized (sizes, aspect ratio and morphology) properties that may allow for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Karoline Ribeiro Dias
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Germano Andrade Siqueira
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdeir Arantes
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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Pereira de Almeida A, Vargas IP, Marciano CL, Zanoelo FF, Giannesi GC, Moraes Polizeli MDLTD, Jorge JA, Furriel RDPM, Ruller R, Masui DC. Investigation of biochemical and biotechnological potential of a thermo-halo-alkali-tolerant endo-xylanase (GH11) from Humicola brevis var. thermoidea for lignocellulosic valorization of sugarcane biomass. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Combining analytical approaches for better lignocellulosic biomass degradation: a way of improving fungal enzymatic cocktails? Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:2283-2298. [PMID: 34708264 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, a combinatory approach was undertaken to assay the efficiency of fungal enzymatic cocktails from different fermentation conditions to degrade different lignocellulosic biomasses with the aim of finely characterizing fungal enzymatic cocktails. METHODS Enzymatic assays (AZO and pNP-linked substrates and ABTS) were used to assess the composition of the fungal enzymatic cocktails for cellulase, xylanase and laccase activities. Comparisons were made with a new range of chromogenic substrates based on complex biomass (CBS substrates). The saccharification efficiency of the cocktails was evaluated as a quantification of the sugar monomers released from the different biomasses after incubation with the enzymatic cocktails. RESULTS The results obtained showed striking differences between the AZO and pNP-linked substrates and the CBS substrates for the same enzymatic cocktails. On AZO and pNP-linked substrates, different hydrolysis profiles were observed between the different fungi species with Aspergillus oryzae being the most efficient. However, the results on CBS substrates were more contrasted depending on the biomass tested. Altogether, the results highlighted that assessing laccase activities and taking into account the complexity of the biomass to degrade were key in order to provide the best enzymatic cocktails. CONCLUSION The complementary experiments performed in this study showed that different approaches needed to be taken in order to accurately assess the ability of an enzymatic cocktail to be efficient when it comes to lignocellulosic biomass degradation. The saccharification assay proved to be essential to validate the data obtained from both simple and complex substrates.
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Biorefinery Gets Hot: Thermophilic Enzymes and Microorganisms for Second-Generation Bioethanol Production. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To mitigate the current global energy and the environmental crisis, biofuels such as bioethanol have progressively gained attention from both scientific and industrial perspectives. However, at present, commercialized bioethanol is mainly derived from edible crops, thus raising serious concerns given its competition with feed production. For this reason, lignocellulosic biomasses (LCBs) have been recognized as important alternatives for bioethanol production. Because LCBs supply is sustainable, abundant, widespread, and cheap, LCBs-derived bioethanol currently represents one of the most viable solutions to meet the global demand for liquid fuel. However, the cost-effective conversion of LCBs into ethanol remains a challenge and its implementation has been hampered by several bottlenecks that must still be tackled. Among other factors related to the challenging and variable nature of LCBs, we highlight: (i) energy-demanding pretreatments, (ii) expensive hydrolytic enzyme blends, and (iii) the need for microorganisms that can ferment mixed sugars. In this regard, thermophiles represent valuable tools to overcome some of these limitations. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art technologies involved, such as the use of thermophilic enzymes and microorganisms in industrial-relevant conditions, and to propose possible means to implement thermophiles into second-generation ethanol biorefineries that are already in operation.
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Clostridium thermocellum as a Promising Source of Genetic Material for Designer Cellulosomes: An Overview. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11080996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant biomass-based biofuels have gradually substituted for conventional energy sources thanks to their obvious advantages, such as renewability, huge quantity, wide availability, economic feasibility, and sustainability. However, to make use of the large amount of carbon sources stored in the plant cell wall, robust cellulolytic microorganisms are highly demanded to efficiently disintegrate the recalcitrant intertwined cellulose fibers to release fermentable sugars for microbial conversion. The Gram-positive, thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum possesses a cellulolytic multienzyme complex termed the cellulosome, which has been widely considered to be nature’s finest cellulolytic machinery, fascinating scientists as an auspicious source of saccharolytic enzymes for biomass-based biofuel production. Owing to the supra-modular characteristics of the C. thermocellum cellulosome architecture, the cellulosomal components, including cohesin, dockerin, scaffoldin protein, and the plentiful cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes have been widely used for constructing artificial cellulosomes for basic studies and industrial applications. In addition, as the well-known microbial workhorses are naïve to biomass deconstruction, several research groups have sought to transform them from non-cellulolytic microbes into consolidated bioprocessing-enabling microbes. This review aims to update and discuss the current progress in these mentioned issues, point out their limitations, and suggest some future directions.
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Li H, Chen X, Wang C, Chen X, Guo H, Xiong L, Zhang H, Huang C, Chen X. Factors Affecting the Catalytic Efficiency and Synergism of Xylanase and Cellulase During Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Birch Wood. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3469-3482. [PMID: 34245403 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding factors that affect the catalytic efficiency and synergism of enzymes is helpful to enhance the process of bioconversion. In this study, birch wood (BW) was sequentially treated by delignification (DL), deacetylation (DA), and decrystallization (DC) treatments. The physiochemical structures of treated BW were characterized. Moreover, the influences of sequential treatments on the catalytic efficiency and synergism of xylanase and cellulase were studied. DL treatments efficiently improved the conversion of cellulose and xylan. A high degree of synergy (DS) between xylanase and cellulase was produced during hydrolysis of DL-treated BW. DA treatments enhanced xylan conversion but reduced the DS between xylanase and cellulase for xylan hydrolysis, whereas DC treatments enhanced cellulose conversion but reduced the DS between xylanase and cellulase for cellulose hydrolysis. The cellulose conversion of lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc)-treated BW (89.69%) was higher than the cellulose conversion of ball milling (BM)-treated BW (81.63%), whereas the xylan conversion of LiCl/DMAc-treated BW (83.77%) was lower than the xylan conversion of BM-treated BW (87.21%). This study showed that the catalytic efficiency and synergism of xylanase and cellulase are markedly affected by lignin hindrance, hemicellulose acetylation, and cellulose crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xindong Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefang Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Guo
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, 528458, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinde Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
- R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Energy and Environmental Materials, Xuyi, 211700, People's Republic of China.
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Abedi E, Fatemi F, Sefidbakht Y, Siadat SER. Development and characterization of a thermostable GH11/GH10 xylan degrading chimeric enzyme. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 149:109854. [PMID: 34311891 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Xylanases are categorized into different family groups, two of which are glycoside hydrolases 10 (GH10) and 11 (GH11) families. These well-characterized xylanases demonstrate different modes of action in hydrolysis of xylans. Imitating certain types of microorganisms to produce bifunctional enzymes such as engineered xylanases has gained considerable attention among researchers. In this study, a recombinant chimeric enzyme (X11-10) was designed by fusing two thermostable xylanases through a peptide linker. The recombinant parental enzymes, xylanase 10 from fungus Bispora sp. MEY-1 (X10) and xylanase 11 from bacterium Thermobacillus xylanilyticus (X11), and their chimera were successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris), purified, and characterized. Being active over a wide pH range, X11-10 chimera showed higher thermal stability, possessed a lower Km, and a higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) in comparison to the parental enzymes. Also, molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) of X11-10 revealed that its active site residues were free to interact with substrate. This novel chimeric xylanase may have potential applications in different industrial processes since it can substitute two separate enzymes and therefore minimize the production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Abedi
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Fatemi
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yahya Sefidbakht
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Ranaei Siadat
- Sobhan Recombinant Protein, No. 22, 2nd Noavari St, Pardis Technology Park, 20th Km of Damavand Road, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Ikram Ul Haq, Shakoor S, Nawaz A, Arshad Y, Mukhtar H. Purification and Characterization of Mannanase from Aspergillus awamori for Fruit Juice Clarification. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:459-468. [PMID: 32938340 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200916142305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit juice clarification is a challenging aspect of beverage industry which needs to be addressed for economical and hygienic production of fruit juices. OBJECTIVE Current study is focused on the complete purification, characterization and thermodynamic analysis of an efficient mannanase enzyme to analyze its applicability in biological clarification fruit juice. METHODS Mannanase production using Aspergillus awamori IIB037 in a 25 L stirred fermenter at pre optimized reaction conditions was carried out. Enzyme purification was carried out via series of steps. Characterization of enzyme along with kinetics and thermodynamic studies was conducted. Purified and characterized enzyme was assessed for its applicability in fruit juice clarification through clarification experiments on fresh apple juice. RESULTS Purification fold of 3.98 was obtained along with 86.80% purification yield of mannanase with specific activity of 158.16 U/mg. The molecular size of purified enzyme was determined as 66 kDa. The enzyme depicted 56% residual activity at 60°C after 8 hrs. Thermodynamic studies of an enzyme revealed enthalpy of activation (ΔH) and activation energy (Ea) as 30.53KJ/mol, 27.76KJ/mol, respectively. The enzyme activity increased in the presence of ß-mercaptoethanol surprisingly. On the other hand, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Hg2+ and Cu2+ inhibited enzyme activity. The enzyme showed Km and Vmax values of 11.07 mM and 19.08 μM min-1 for Locust Bean Gum (LBG) under optimal conditions. Juice treated with mannanase showed decrease in absorbance and increase in reducing sugar content. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that mannanase from Aspergillus awamori in its purified form has significant characteristics to be employed industrially for juice clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheeba Shakoor
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yesra Arshad
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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16
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Liang C, Xu Z, Wang Q, Wang W, Xu H, Guo Y, Qi W, Wang Z. Improving β-glucosidase and xylanase production in a combination of waste substrate from domestic wastewater treatment system and agriculture residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124019. [PMID: 32916465 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellulase and hemicellulase activities are considered to the major bottlenecks in the lignocellulosic biorefinery process, especially in an enzyme cocktail lacking β-glucosidase (BGL) and xylanase (XYL). In view of this issue, higher levels of BGL and XYL activities were obtained in the presence of wastewater and activated sludge as an induction medium mixed with 5% of rice straw by Hypocrea sp. W63. The analysis of the ionic content showed that a relatively low sludge dose could enhance the production of BGL and XYL. Most importantly, compared to a medium using freshwater, the proportion of 1:10 sludge to wastewater, which contained nutrient elements, led to 3.4-fold BGL and 3.7-fold XYL production improvements. This research describes the reuse of substrates that are largely and continuously generated from domestic wastewater treatment systems and agriculture residues, which consequently leads to the development of a simultaneous enzyme production process for sustainable biorefinery practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyi Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wen Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wei Qi
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Zhongming Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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17
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Hebal H, Parviainen A, Anbarasan S, Li H, Makkonen L, Bankar S, King AW, Kilpeläinen I, Benallaoua S, Turunen O. Inhibition of hyperthermostable xylanases by superbase ionic liquids. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Bioconversion of rice straw by synergistic effect of in-house produced ligno-hemicellulolytic enzymes for enhanced bioethanol production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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de Vries RP, Mäkelä MR. Genomic and Postgenomic Diversity of Fungal Plant Biomass Degradation Approaches. Trends Microbiol 2020; 28:487-499. [PMID: 32396827 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant biomass degradation by fungi is a widely studied and applied field of science, due to its relevance for the global carbon cycle and many biotechnological applications. Before the genome era, many of the in-depth studies focused on a relatively small number of species, whereas now, many species can be addressed in detail, revealing the large variety in the approach used by fungi to degrade plant biomass. This variation is found at many levels and includes genomic adaptation to the preferred biomass component, but also different approaches to degrade this component by diverse sets of activities encoded in the genome. Even larger differences have been observed using transcriptome and proteome studies, even between closely related species, suggesting a high level of adaptation in individual species. A better understanding of the drivers of this diversity could be highly valuable in developing more efficient biotechnology approaches for the enzymatic conversion of plant biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald P de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Miia R Mäkelä
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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20
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Roth JCG, Hoeltz M, Benitez LB. Current approaches and trends in the production of microbial cellulases using residual lignocellulosic biomass: a bibliometric analysis of the last 10 years. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:935-951. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Malgas S, Mafa MS, Mkabayi L, Pletschke BI. A mini review of xylanolytic enzymes with regards to their synergistic interactions during hetero-xylan degradation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:187. [PMID: 31728656 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This review examines the recent models describing the mode of action of various xylanolytic enzymes and how these enzymes can be applied (sequentially or simultaneously) with their distinctive roles in mind to achieve efficient xylan degradation. With respect to homeosynergy, synergism appears to be as a result of β-xylanase and/or oligosaccharide reducing-end β-xylanase liberating xylo-oligomers (XOS) that are preferred substrates of the processive β-xylosidase. With regards to hetero-synergism, two cross relationships appear to exist and seem to be the reason for synergism between the enzymes during xylan degradation. These cross relations are the debranching enzymes such as α-glucuronidase or side-chain cleaving enzymes such as carbohydrate esterases (CE) removing decorations that would have hindered back-bone-cleaving enzymes, while backbone-cleaving-enzymes liberate XOS that are preferred substrates of the debranching and side-chain-cleaving enzymes. This interaction is demonstrated by high yields in co-production of xylan substituents such as arabinose, glucuronic acid and ferulic acid, and XOS. Finally, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) have also been implicated in boosting whole lignocellulosic biomass or insoluble xylan degradation by glycoside hydrolases (GH) by possibly disrupting entangled xylan residues. Since it has been observed that the same enzyme (same Enzyme Commission, EC, classification) from different GH or CE and/or AA families can display different synergistic interactions with other enzymes due to different substrate specificities and properties, in this review, we propose an approach of enzyme selection (and mode of application thereof) during xylan degradation, as this can improve the economic viability of the degradation of xylan for producing precursors of value added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samkelo Malgas
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, 6140, South Africa
| | - Mpho S Mafa
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, 6140, South Africa.,Protein Structure-Function Research Unit (PSFRU), School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Wits University, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2000, South Africa
| | - Lithalethu Mkabayi
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, 6140, South Africa
| | - Brett I Pletschke
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, 6140, South Africa.
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22
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Xia J, Shu J, Yao K, Xu J, Yu X, Xue X, Ma D, Lin X. Synergism of cellulase, pectinase and xylanase on hydrolyzing differently pretreated sweet potato residues. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:181-190. [PMID: 31647386 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1680390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The synergism of cellulase (C), pectinase (P), and xylanase (X) for the saccharification of sweet potato residues (SPR) was investigated. The removal of starch from SPR was easily achieved by using amylase, but the cellulose conversion of de-starched SPR was relatively low, thus dilute H2SO4, NaOH, and H2O2 pretreatment was conducted to improve the enzymatic digestibility. The lignin content of NaOH pretreated SPR was the lowest, whereas H2SO4 pretreatment resulted in the lowest contents of hemicellulose and pectin. The combination of C, P, and X exhibited different sugar production patterns, C-P displayed synergistic action on glucose and galactose production from each type of SPR, C-X also exhibited synergistic effect on glucose production except when H2SO4 pretreated SPR was used, whereas no synergism between P-X on monosaccharide production was observed. The presence of synergism between cellulase and mixed accessory enzymes [C-(PX)] on glucose formation was determined by C-X, and the degree of synergism between C-P and C-(PX) on glucose production had a positive relationship with pectin content. The highest cellulose conversion of 96.2% was obtained from NaOH pretreated SPR using mixed enzymes comprising C, P, and X with the ratio of 8:1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Kangwei Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jiming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xinjun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Decao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xueqi Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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23
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Yang Y, Yang J, Wang R, Liu J, Zhang Y, Liu L, Wang F, Yuan H. Cooperation of hydrolysis modes among xylanases reveals the mechanism of hemicellulose hydrolysis by Penicillium chrysogenum P33. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:159. [PMID: 31542050 PMCID: PMC6754857 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Xylanases randomly cleave the internal β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in the xylan backbone and are grouped into different families in the carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) database. Although multiple xylanases are detected in single strains of many filamentous fungi, no study has been reported on the composition, synergistic effect, and mode of action in a complete set of xylanases secreted by the same microorganism. Results All three xylanases secreted by Penicillium chrysogenum P33 were expressed and characterized. The enzymes Xyl1 and Xyl3 belong to the GH10 family and Xyl3 contains a CBM1 domain at its C-terminal, whereas Xyl2 belongs to the GH11 family. The optimal temperature/pH values were 35 °C/6.0, 50 °C/5.0 and 55 °C/6.0 for Xyl1, Xyl2, and Xyl3, respectively. The three xylanases exhibited synergistic effects, with the maximum synergy observed between Xyl3 and Xyl2, which are from different families. The synergy between xylanases could also improve the hydrolysis of cellulase (C), with the maximum amount of reducing sugars (5.68 mg/mL) observed using the combination of C + Xyl2 + Xyl3. Although the enzymatic activity of Xyl1 toward xylan was low, it was shown to be capable of hydrolyzing xylooligosaccharides into xylose. Xyl2 was shown to hydrolyze xylan to long-chain xylooligosaccharides, whereas Xyl3 hydrolyzed xylan to xylooligosaccharides with a lower degree of polymerization. Conclusions Synergistic effect exists among different xylanases, and it was higher between xylanases from different families. The cooperation of hydrolysis modes comprised the primary mechanism for the observed synergy between different xylanases. This study demonstrated, for the first time, that the hydrolysates of GH11 xylanases can be further hydrolyzed by GH10 xylanases, but not vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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24
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Characterization of a novel multi-domain xylanase from Clostridium clariflavum with application in hydrolysis of corn cobs. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:1177-1186. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Tang S, Liu W, Huang C, Lai C, Fan Y, Yong Q. Improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of larch by coupling water pre-extraction with alkaline hydrogen peroxide post-treatment and adding enzyme cocktail. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121322. [PMID: 30965281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soluble arabinogalactan (AG) in larch leads to reagent waste during its biorefining using oxidative pretreatment strategies. A two-stage pretreatment of water pre-extraction followed by alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment was investigated to more efficiently convert larch cellulose into glucose, while also obtaining a value-added AG product stream. The results showed that water pre-extraction increases the lignin selectivity of both NaOH and H2O2 reagents, translating to improved lignin removal and enzymatic hydrolysis yields. This was found to be related to cellulose accessibility alongside the effective consumption of the reagents. Moreover, the addition of mannanase also significantly enhanced enzymatic digestibility of pretreated solid from 81.0% to 97.7% (4% H2O2 charge and 180 °C) when 40 U/g mannanase was supplemented with 20 FPU/g cellulase. In all, it was demonstrated that coupling mannanase with cellulase could improve larch's enzymatic digestibility and overall viability for biorefining processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
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Montoya-Rosales JDJ, Olmos-Hernández DK, Palomo-Briones R, Montiel-Corona V, Mari AG, Razo-Flores E. Improvement of continuous hydrogen production using individual and binary enzymatic hydrolysates of agave bagasse in suspended-culture and biofilm reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:251-260. [PMID: 30913433 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Continuous hydrogen (H2) production from individual (Stonezyme, IH) and binary (Celluclast-Viscozyme, BH) enzymatic hydrolysates of agave bagasse was evaluated in continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR) and trickling bed reactors (TBR). The volumetric H2 production rates (VHPR) in CSTR were 13 and 2.25 L H2/L-d with BH and IH, respectively. Meanwhile, VHPR of 5.76 and 2.0 L H2/L-d were obtained in the TBR configuration using BH and IH, respectively. Differences on VHPR between reactors could be explained by substrate availability, which is intrinsic to the growth mode of each reactor configuration; while differences of VHPR between hydrolysates were possibly related to the composition of enzymatic hydrolysates. Furthermore, homoacetogenesis was strongly influenced by H2 and substrate transfer conditions. Considering VHPR, H2 yields, and costs of hydrolysis, hydrogen production from binary hydrolysates of agave bagasse was identified as the most promising alternative evaluated with scale-up potential for the production of energy biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de Jesús Montoya-Rosales
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., División de Ciencias Ambientales, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Diana Karime Olmos-Hernández
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., División de Ciencias Ambientales, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Palomo-Briones
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., División de Ciencias Ambientales, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Virginia Montiel-Corona
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., División de Ciencias Ambientales, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Angelo Gabriel Mari
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Rua Universitária 2069, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Elías Razo-Flores
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., División de Ciencias Ambientales, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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Amoah J, Kahar P, Ogino C, Kondo A. Bioenergy and Biorefinery: Feedstock, Biotechnological Conversion, and Products. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800494. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Amoah
- Department of Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and InnovationKobe University1‐1 Rokkodai, Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
| | - Prihardi Kahar
- Department of Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and InnovationKobe University1‐1 Rokkodai, Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of EngineeringKobe University1‐1 Rokkodai, Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and InnovationKobe University1‐1 Rokkodai, Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of EngineeringKobe University1‐1 Rokkodai, Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
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28
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The effect of an oligosaccharide reducing-end xylanase, BhRex8A, on the synergistic degradation of xylan backbones by an optimised xylanolytic enzyme cocktail. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 122:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Zhang F, Bunterngsook B, Li JX, Zhao XQ, Champreda V, Liu CG, Bai FW. Regulation and production of lignocellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma reesei for biofuels production. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Raza A, Bashir S, Tabassum R. Statistical based experimental optimization for co-production of endo-glucanase and xylanase from Bacillus sonorensis BD92 with their application in biomass saccharification. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 64:295-305. [PMID: 30361878 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endo-glucanase (cellulase) and xylanase have high industrial demand due to their vast application in industrial processes. This study reports statistical based experimental optimization for co-production of endo-glucanase and xylanase from Bacillus sonorensis BD92. Response surface methodology (RSM) involving central composite design (CCD) with full factorial experiments (23) was applied to elucidate the components that significantly affect co-production of endo-glucanase and xylanase. The optimum co-production conditions for endo-glucanase and xylanase were as follows: carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 20 g/L, yeast extract 15 g/L, and time 72 h. The maximum endo-glucanase and xylanase production obtained was 1.46 and 5.69 U/mL, respectively, while the minimum endo-glucanase and xylanase production obtained was 0.66 and 0.25 U/mL, respectively. This statistical model was efficient because only 20 experimental runs were necessary to assess the highest production conditions, and the model accuracy was very satisfactory as coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.95 and 0.89 for endo-glucanase and xylanase, respectively. Further, potential application of these enzymes for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass (wheat bran, wheat straw, rice straw, and cotton stalk) was also investigated. The results revealed that the biomass was susceptible to enzymatic saccharification and the amount of reducing sugars (glucose and xylose) increased with increase in incubation time. In conclusion, Bacillus sonorensis BD92 reveals a promise as a source of potential endo-glucanase and xylanase producer that could be useful for degrading plant biomass into value-added products of economic importance using precise statistically optimized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Raza
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saira Bashir
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Romana Tabassum
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
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31
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Herlet J, Schwarz WH, Zverlov VV, Liebl W, Kornberger P. Addition of β-galactosidase boosts the xyloglucan degradation capability of endoglucanase Cel9D from Clostridium thermocellum. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:238. [PMID: 30202433 PMCID: PMC6122707 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing the efficiency of enzymatic biomass degradation is crucial for a more economically feasible conversion of abundantly available plant feedstock. Synergistic effects between the enzymes deployed in the hydrolysis of various hemicelluloses have been demonstrated, which can reduce process costs by lowering the amount of enzyme required for the reaction. Xyloglucan is the only major hemicellulose for which no such effects have been described yet. RESULTS We report the beneficial combination of two enzymes for the degradation of the hemicellulose xyloglucan. The addition of β-galactosidase Bga2B from Clostridium stercorarium to an in vitro hydrolysis reaction of a model xyloglucan substrate increased the enzymatic efficiency of endoglucanase Cel9D from Clostridium thermocellum to up to 22-fold. Furthermore, the total amount of enzyme required for high hydrolysis yields was lowered by nearly 80%. Increased yields were also observed when using a natural complex substrate-tamarind kernel powder. CONCLUSION The findings of this study may improve the valorization of feedstocks containing high-xyloglucan amounts. The combination of the endoglucanase Cel9D and the β-galactosidase Bga2B can be used to efficiently produce the heptasaccharide XXXG. The exploitation of one specific oligosaccharide may open up possibilities for the use as a prebiotic or platform chemical in additional reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Herlet
- Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Schwarz
- Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Vladimir V. Zverlov
- Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - Wolfgang Liebl
- Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Petra Kornberger
- Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Chen L, Du JL, Zhan YJ, Li JA, Zuo RR, Tian S. Consolidated bioprocessing for cellulosic ethanol conversion by cellulase-xylanase cell-surfaced yeast consortium. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:653-661. [PMID: 29995567 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1487846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) strategy was developed to construct a cell-surface displayed consortium for heterologously expressing functional lignocellulytic enzymes. The reaction system composed of two engineered yeast strains: Y5/XynII-XylA (co-displaying two types of xylanases) and Y5/EG-CBH-BGL (co-displaying three types of cellulases). The immobilization of recombinant fusion proteins and their cell-surface accessibility of were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The feasibility of consolidated bioprocessing by using pretreated corn stover (CS) as substrate for direct bioconversion was further investigated, and the synergistic activity and proximity effect between cellulases and xylanases on lignocelluloses degradation were also discussed in this work. Without any commercial enzyme addition, the combined yeast consortium produced 1.61 g/L ethanol which achieved 64.7% of the theoretical ethanol yield during 144 h from steam-exploded CS. The results indicated that the assembly of cellulases and xylanases using a synthetic consortium capable of combined displaying lignocellulytic enzymes is a promising approach for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation to ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- a College of Life Science , Capital Normal University , Beijing , China
| | - Ji-Liang Du
- a College of Life Science , Capital Normal University , Beijing , China
| | - Yong-Jia Zhan
- a College of Life Science , Capital Normal University , Beijing , China
| | - Jian-An Li
- a College of Life Science , Capital Normal University , Beijing , China
| | - Ran-Ran Zuo
- a College of Life Science , Capital Normal University , Beijing , China
| | - Shen Tian
- a College of Life Science , Capital Normal University , Beijing , China
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33
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Boyce A, Walsh G. Purification and Characterisation of a Thermostable β-Xylosidase from Aspergillus niger van Tieghem of Potential Application in Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:712-730. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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34
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Development of tailor-made synergistic cellulolytic enzyme system for saccharification of steam exploded sugarcane bagasse. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:390-396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Niderhaus C, Garrido M, Insani M, Campos E, Wirth S. Heterologous production and characterization of a thermostable GH10 family endo-xylanase from Pycnoporus sanguineus BAFC 2126. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Expression of catalytically efficient xylanases from thermophilic fungus Malbranchea cinnamomea for synergistically enhancing hydrolysis of lignocellulosics. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:185-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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37
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Rahmani N, Kahar P, Lisdiyanti P, Hermiati E, Lee J, Yopi, Prasetya B, Ogino C, Kondo A. Xylanase and feruloyl esterase from actinomycetes cultures could enhance sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis in the production of fermentable sugars. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1-12. [PMID: 29475403 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1438169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The addition of enzymes that are capable of degrading hemicellulose has a potential to reduce the need for commercial enzymes during biomass hydrolysis in the production of fermentable sugars. In this study, a high xylanase producing actinomycete strain (Kitasatospora sp. ID06-480) and the first ethyl ferulate producing actinomycete strain (Nonomuraea sp. ID06-094) were selected from 797 rare actinomycetes, respectively, which were isolated in Indonesia. The addition (30%, v/v) of a crude enzyme supernatant from the selected strains in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis with low-level loading (1 FPU/g-biomass) of Cellic® CTec2 enhanced both the released amount of glucose and reducing sugars. When the reaction with Ctec2 was combined with crude enzymes containing either xylanase or feruloyl esterase, high conversion yield of glucose from cellulose at 60.5% could be achieved after 72 h-saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanik Rahmani
- a Research Center for Biotechnology , Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center , Cibinong , Indonesia
| | - Prihardi Kahar
- b Department of Chemical and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Puspita Lisdiyanti
- a Research Center for Biotechnology , Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center , Cibinong , Indonesia
| | - Euis Hermiati
- c Research Center for Biomaterial , Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center , Cibinong , Indonesia
| | - Jaemin Lee
- b Department of Chemical and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Yopi
- a Research Center for Biotechnology , Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center , Cibinong , Indonesia
| | - Bambang Prasetya
- a Research Center for Biotechnology , Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center , Cibinong , Indonesia
- d National Standardization Agency of Indonesia, Gedung I BPPT , Jakarta , Indonesia
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- b Department of Chemical and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- b Department of Chemical and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
- e Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan
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Huang C, Zhao C, Li H, Xiong L, Chen X, Luo M, Chen X. Comparison of different pretreatments on the synergistic effect of cellulase and xylanase during the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30725-30731. [PMID: 35548762 PMCID: PMC9085517 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05047c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) substrates with different chemical compositions were prepared by different pretreatments including dilute acid (DA), acidic sodium chlorite (ASC), alkali solution (AS), and alkali hydrogen peroxide (AHP). The compositions and chemical structures of pretreated SCB were characterized by HPLC, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The addition of xylanase can significantly boost cellulase to hydrolyze cellulose and xylan especially for AS and AHP treated substrates. The obvious linear relationships between lignin removal and substrate digestibility were observed. ASC treated substrates obtained the highest digestibility (98.87%) of cellulose due to sufficiently removing lignin from SCB, whereas AHP treated substrates achieved the highest digestibility (84.61%) of xylan by cleaving the acetyl group on xylan and extending delignification. It was found that the synergistic effects between cellulase and xylanase were substrate and time specific. The better degree of synergy for the sugar production was in the initial hydrolysis stage but decreased in the later hydrolysis stage. The synergistic effects between cellulase and xylanase were substrate and time specific during the hydrolysis of pretreated SCB.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hailong Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Lian Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Xuefang Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Mutan Luo
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xinde Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
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39
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Chemical Pretreatment-Independent Saccharifications of Xylan and Cellulose of Rice Straw by Bacterial Weak Lignin-Binding Xylanolytic and Cellulolytic Enzymes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.01522-17. [PMID: 28864653 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01522-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete utilization of carbohydrate fractions is one of the prerequisites for obtaining economically favorable lignocellulosic biomass conversion. This study shows that xylan in untreated rice straw was saccharified to xylose in one step without chemical pretreatment, yielding 58.2% of the theoretically maximum value by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 PcAxy43A, a weak lignin-binding trifunctional xylanolytic enzyme, endoxylanase/β-xylosidase/arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase. Moreover, xylose yield from untreated rice straw was enhanced to 78.9% by adding endoxylanases PcXyn10C and PcXyn11A from the same bacterium, resulting in improvement of cellulose accessibility to cellulolytic enzyme. After autoclaving the xylanolytic enzyme-treated rice straw, it was subjected to subsequent saccharification by a combination of the Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase CtCel9R and Thermoanaerobacter brockii β-glucosidase TbCglT, yielding 88.5% of the maximum glucose yield, which was higher than the glucose yield obtained from ammonia-treated rice straw saccharification (59.6%). Moreover, this work presents a new environment-friendly xylanolytic enzyme pretreatment for beneficial hydrolysis of xylan in various agricultural residues, such as rice straw and corn hull. It not only could improve cellulose saccharification but also produced xylose, leading to an improvement of the overall fermentable sugar yields without chemical pretreatment.IMPORTANCE Ongoing research is focused on improving "green" pretreatment technologies in order to reduce energy demands and environmental impact and to develop an economically feasible biorefinery. The present study showed that PcAxy43A, a weak lignin-binding trifunctional xylanolytic enzyme, endoxylanase/β-xylosidase/arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase from P. curdlanolyticus B-6, was capable of conversion of xylan in lignocellulosic biomass such as untreated rice straw to xylose in one step without chemical pretreatment. It demonstrates efficient synergism with endoxylanases PcXyn10C and PcXyn11A to depolymerize xylan in untreated rice straw and enhanced the xylose production and improved cellulose hydrolysis. Therefore, it can be considered an enzymatic pretreatment. Furthermore, the studies here show that glucose yield released from steam- and xylanolytic enzyme-treated rice straw by the combination of CtCel9R and TbCglT was higher than the glucose yield obtained from ammonia-treated rice straw saccharification. This work presents a novel environment-friendly xylanolytic enzyme pretreatment not only as a green pretreatment but also as an economically feasible biorefinery method.
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40
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Khalili Ghadikolaei K, Akbari Noghabi K, Shahbani Zahiri H. Development of a bifunctional xylanase-cellulase chimera with enhanced activity on rice and barley straws using a modular xylanase and an endoglucanase procured from camel rumen metagenome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6929-6939. [PMID: 28762002 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The camel rumen metagenome is an untapped source of glycoside hydrolases. In this study, novel genes encoding for a modular xylanase (XylC) and a cellulase (CelC) were isolated from a camel rumen metagenome and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). XylC with xylanase (Xyn), CBM, and carbohydrate esterase (CE) domains was characterized as a β-1,4-endoxylanase with remarkable catalytic activity on oat-spelt xylan (K cat = 2919 ± 57 s-1). The implication of XylC's modular structure in its high catalytic activity was analyzed by truncation and fusion construction with CelC. The resulting fusions including Cel-CBM, Cel-CBM-CE, and Xyn-CBM-Cel showed remarkable enhancement in CMCase activity with K cat values of 742 ± 12, 1289 ± 34.5, and 2799 ± 51 s-1 compared to CelC with a K cat of 422 ± 3.5 s-1. It was also shown that the bifunctional Xyn-CBM-Cel with synergistic xylanase/cellulase activities was more efficient than XylC and CelC in hydrolysis of rice and barley straws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Khalili Ghadikolaei
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Akbari Noghabi
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahbani Zahiri
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
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41
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Jampala P, Tadikamalla S, Preethi M, Ramanujam S, Uppuluri KB. Concurrent production of cellulase and xylanase from Trichoderma reesei NCIM 1186: enhancement of production by desirability-based multi-objective method. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:14. [PMID: 28391478 PMCID: PMC5385180 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of multiple response optimizations using desirability function in the production of microbial metabolites improves economy and efficiency. Concurrent production of cellulase and xylanase in Trichoderma reesei NCIM 1186 using an agricultural weed, Prosopis juliflora pods, was studied. The main aim of the study was to optimize significant medium nutrient parameters for maximization of cellulase and xylanase by multi-objective optimization strategy using biomass. Process parameters such as the nutrient concentrations (pods, sucrose, and yeast extract) and pH were investigated to improve cellulase and xylanase activities by one factor at a time approach, single response optimization and multi-objective optimization. At the corresponding optimized process parameters in single response optimization, the maximum cellulase activity observed was 3055.65 U/L where xylanase highest activity was 422.16 U/L. Similarly, the maximum xylanase activity, 444.94 U/L, was observed with the highest cellulase activity of 2804.40 U/L. The multi-objective optimization finds a tradeoff between the two objectives and optimal activity values in between the single-objective optima were achieved, 3033.74 and 439.13 U/L for cellulase and xylanase, respectively.
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42
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Miao Y, Li P, Li G, Liu D, Druzhinina IS, Kubicek CP, Shen Q, Zhang R. Two degradation strategies for overcoming the recalcitrance of natural lignocellulosic xylan by polysaccharides-binding GH10 and GH11 xylanases of filamentous fungi. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:1054-1064. [PMID: 27878934 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The recalcitrance of lignocellulose forms a strong barrier for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass in chemical or biofuel industries. Filamentous fungi are major plant biomass decomposer, and capable of forming all the required enzymes. Here, they characterized the GH10 and GH11 endo-xylanases and a CE1 acetyl-xylan esterase (Axe1) from a superior biomass-degrading strain, Aspergillus fumigatus Z5, and examined how they interact in xylan degradation. Cellulose-binding (CBM1) domain inhibited GH10 xylanase activities for pure xylan, but afforded them an ability to hydrolyze washed corncob particles (WCCP). CBM1-containing GH10 xylanases also showed synergism with CBM1-containing Axe1 in WCCP hydrolysis, and this synergy was strictly dependent on the presence of their CBM1 domains. In contrast, GH11 xylanases had no CBM1, but still could bind xylan and hydrolyzed WCCP; however, no synergism displayed with Axe1. GH10 xylanases and GH11 xylanases showed a pronounced synergism in WCCP hydrolysis, which was dependent on the presence of the CBM1 in GH10 xylanases and absence from GH11 xylanases. They exhibit different mechanisms to bind to cellulose and xylan, and act in synergy when these two structures are intact. These findings will be helpful for the further development of highly efficient enzyme mixtures for lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Miao
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Research Area Biochemical Technology, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, Vienna, A1060, Austria
| | - Christian P Kubicek
- Research Area Biochemical Technology, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, Vienna, A1060, Austria
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
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43
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Reyes-Sosa FM, López Morales M, Platero Gómez AI, Valbuena Crespo N, Sánchez Zamorano L, Rocha-Martín J, Molina-Heredia FP, Díez García B. Management of enzyme diversity in high-performance cellulolytic cocktails. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:156. [PMID: 28649275 PMCID: PMC5477296 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern biorefineries require enzymatic cocktails of improved efficiency to generate fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulolytic fungi, among other microorganisms, have demonstrated the highest potential in terms of enzymatic productivity, complexity and efficiency. On the other hand, under cellulolytic-inducing conditions, they often produce a considerable diversity of carbohydrate-active enzymes which allow them to adapt to changing environmental conditions. However, industrial conditions are fixed and adjusted to the optimum of the whole cocktail, resulting in underperformance of individual enzymes. RESULTS One of these cellulolytic cocktails from Myceliophthora thermophila has been analyzed here by means of LC-MS/MS. Pure GH6 family members detected have been characterized, confirming previous studies, and added to whole cocktails to compare their contribution in the hydrolysis of industrial substrates. Finally, independent deletions of two GH6 family members, as an example of the enzymatic diversity management, led to the development of a strain producing a more efficient cellulolytic cocktail. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the deletion of noncontributive cellulases (here EG VI) can increase the cellulolytic efficiency of the cocktail, validating the management of cellulase diversity as a strategy to obtain improved fungal cellulolytic cocktails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Macarena López Morales
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Platero Gómez
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Noelia Valbuena Crespo
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez Zamorano
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martín
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando P. Molina-Heredia
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla y CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Bruno Díez García
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
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Kumar S, Arumugam N, Permaul K, Singh S. Chapter 5 Thermostable Enzymes and Their Industrial Applications. Microb Biotechnol 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315367880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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45
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Wang X, Huang H, Xie X, Ma R, Bai Y, Zheng F, You S, Zhang B, Xie H, Yao B, Luo H. Improvement of the catalytic performance of a hyperthermostable GH10 xylanase from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:277-284. [PMID: 27723474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A xylanase gene of GH 10, Tlxyn10A, was cloned from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 and expressed in Pichia pastoris. Purified recombinant TlXyn10A was acidic and hyperthermophilic, and retained stable over the pH range of 2.0-6.0 and at 90°C. Sequence analysis of TlXyn10A identified seven residues probably involved in substrate contacting. Three mutants (TlXyn10A_P, _N and _C) were then constructed by substituting some or all of the residues with corresponding ones of hyperthermal Xyl10C from Bispora sp. MEY-1. TlXyn10A_P with mutations at subsites +2 to +4 exhibited improved specific activity (by 0.44-fold) and pH stability (2.0-10.0). Molecular dynamics simulation analysis indicated that mutations E229I and F232E probably weaken the substrate affinity at subsites +3 to +4, and G149D may introduce a new hydrogen bond. These modifications altogether account for the improved performance of TlXyn10A_P. Moreover, TlXyn10A_P was able to hydrolyze wheat straw persistently, and has the application potentials in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Xie
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai You
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Chakdar H, Kumar M, Pandiyan K, Singh A, Nanjappan K, Kashyap PL, Srivastava AK. Bacterial xylanases: biology to biotechnology. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:150. [PMID: 28330222 PMCID: PMC4929084 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, a comprehensive discussion exclusively on bacterial xylanases; their gene organization; different factors and conditions affecting enzyme yield and activity; and their commercial application have been deliberated in the light of recent research findings and extensive information mining. Improved understanding of biological properties and genetics of bacterial xylanase will enable exploitation of these enzymes for many more ingenious biotechnological and industrial applications.
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47
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Song HT, Gao Y, Yang YM, Xiao WJ, Liu SH, Xia WC, Liu ZL, Yi L, Jiang ZB. Synergistic effect of cellulase and xylanase during hydrolysis of natural lignocellulosic substrates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:710-715. [PMID: 27560367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic combination of cellulase and xylanase has been performed on pre-treated substrates in many previous studies, while few on natural substrates. In this study, three unpretreated lignocellulosic substrates were studied, including corncob, corn stover, and rice straw. The results indicated that when the mixed cellulase and xylanase were applied, reducing sugar concentrations were calculated as 19.53, 15.56, and 17.35mg/ml, respectively, based on the 3,5 dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Compared to the treatment with only cellulose, the hydrolysis yields caused by mixed cellulase and xylanase were improved by 133%, 164%, and 545%, respectively. In addition, the conversion yield of corncob, corn stover, and rice straw by cellulase-xylanase co-treatment reached 43.9%, 48.5%, and 40.2%, respectively, based on HPLC analysis, which confirmed the synergistic effect of cellulase-xylanase that was much higher than either of the single enzyme treatment. The substrate morphology was also evaluated to explore the synergistic mechanism of cellulase-xylanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Song
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Yi-Min Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Shi-Hui Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Wu-Cheng Xia
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Zi-Lu Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Li Yi
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Bing Jiang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
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48
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Synergistic degradation of arabinoxylan by free and immobilized xylanases and arabinofuranosidase. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Sun FF, Bai R, Yang H, Wang F, He J, Wang C, Tu M. Heterologous expression of codon optimized Trichoderma reesei Cel6A in Pichia pastoris. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 92:107-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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50
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Goto M, Kamiya N. Powerful peracetic acid-ionic liquid pretreatment process for the efficient chemical hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:487-495. [PMID: 27174616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to design a new method for the efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) using a combination of peracetic acid (PAA) pretreatment with ionic liquid (IL)-HCl hydrolysis. The pretreatment of LBs with PAA disrupted the lignin fractions, enhanced the dissolution of LB and led to a significant increase in the initial rate of the IL-HCl hydrolysis. The pretreatment of Bagasse with PAA prior to its 1-buthyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl])-HCl hydrolysis, led to an improvement in the cellulose conversion from 20% to 70% in 1.5h. Interestingly, the 1-buthyl-3-methylpyridium chloride ([Bmpy][Cl])-HCl hydrolysis of Bagasse gave a cellulose conversion greater than 80%, with or without the PAA pretreatment. For LB derived from seaweed waste, the cellulose conversion reached 98% in 1h. The strong hydrolysis power of [Bmpy][Cl] was attributed to its ability to transform cellulose I to II, and lowering the degree of polymerization of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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