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Gao Y, Liu N, Zhu Y, Yu S, Liu Q, Shi X, Xu J, Xu G, Zhang X, Shi J, Xu Z. Improving glutathione production by engineered Pichia pastoris: strain construction and optimal precursor feeding. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1905-1917. [PMID: 35218387 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a metabolite that plays an important role in the fields of pharmacy, food, and cosmetics. Thus, it is necessary to increase its production to meet the demands. In this study, ScGSH1, ScGSH2, and StGshF were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 to realize the dual-path synthesis of GSH in yeast. To explore the effects of ATP metabolism on the synthesis of GSH, enzymes (ScADK1, PpADK1, VsVHB) of the ATP-related metabolic pathway and the energy co-substrate sodium citrate were taken into account. We found that both ScADK1 and sodium citrate had a positive influence on the synthesis of GSH. Then, a fermentation experiment in Erlenmeyer flasks was performed using the G3-SF strain (containing ScGSH1, ScGSH2, StGshF, and ScADK1), with the highest GSH titer and yield of 999.33 ± 47.26 mg/L and 91.53 ± 4.70 mg/g, respectively. Finally, the fermentation was scaled up in a 5-L fermentor, and the highest titer and yield were improved to 5680 mg/L and 45.13 mg/g, respectively, by optimizing the addition conditions of amino acids (40 mM added after 40 h). Our work provides an alternative strategy by combining dual-path synthesis with energy metabolism regulation and precursor feeding to improve GSH production. Key Points • ScGSH1, ScGSH2, and StGshF were overexpressed to achieve dual-path synthesis of GSH in yeast. • ScADK1 was overexpressed, and sodium citrate was added to increase the energy supply for GSH synthesis. • The addition conditions of amino acids were optimized to realize the efficient synthesis of GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Na Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yaxin Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Shiyu Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiangliu Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Wuxi Fortune Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214041, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jinsong Shi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhenghong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Yurkiv M, Kurylenko O, Vasylyshyn R, Dmytruk K, Fickers P, Sibirny A. Gene of the transcriptional activator MET4 is involved in regulation of glutathione biosynthesis in the methylotrophic yeast Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha. FEMS Yeast Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Yurkiv
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Olena Kurylenko
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Roksolana Vasylyshyn
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Kostyantyn Dmytruk
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège—Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté, 2B , 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Andriy Sibirny
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, Rzeszow 35–601, Poland
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Kong M, Wang F, Tian L, Tang H, Zhang L. Functional identification of glutamate cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase in the marine yeast Rhodosporidium diobovatum. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2017; 105:4. [PMID: 29247264 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-017-1520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) fulfills a variety of metabolic functions, participates in oxidative stress response, and defends against toxic actions of heavy metals and xenobiotics. In this study, GSH was detected in Rhodosporidium diobovatum by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then, two novel enzymes from R. diobovatum were characterized that convert glutamate, cysteine, and glycine into GSH. Based on reverse transcription PCR, we obtained the glutathione synthetase gene (GSH2), 1866 bp, coding for a 56.6-kDa protein, and the glutamate cysteine ligase gene (GSH1), 2469 bp, coding for a 90.5-kDa protein. The role of GSH1 and GSH2 for the biosynthesis of GSH in the marine yeast R. diobovatum was determined by deletions using the CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease system and enzymatic activity. These results also showed that GSH1 and GSH2 were involved in the production of GSH and are thus being potentially useful to engineer GSH pathways. Alternatively, pET-GSH constructed using vitro recombination could be used to detect the function of genes related to GSH biosynthesis. Finally, the fermentation parameters determined in the present study provide a reference for industrial GSH production in R. diobovatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kong
- Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province; College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fengjuan Wang
- Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province; College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Liuying Tian
- Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province; College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province; College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province; College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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