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Xie ZT, Mi BQ, Lu YJ, Chen MT, Ye ZW. Research progress on carotenoid production by Rhodosporidium toruloides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:7. [PMID: 38170311 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Carotenoids are natural lipophilic pigments, which have been proven to provide significant health benefits to humans, relying on their capacity to efficiently scavenge singlet oxygen and peroxyl radicals as antioxidants. Strains belonging to the genus Rhodosporidium represent a heterogeneous group known for a number of phenotypic traits including accumulation of carotenoids and lipids and tolerance to heavy metals and oxidative stress. As a representative of these yeasts, Rhodosporidium toruloides naturally produces carotenoids with high antioxidant activity and grows on a wide variety of carbon sources. As a result, R. toruloides is a promising host for the efficient production of more value-added lipophilic compound carotenoids, e.g., torulene and torularhodin. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress on carotenoid biosynthesis in R. toruloides, focusing on the understanding of biosynthetic pathways and the regulation of key enzymes and genes involved in the process. Moreover, the relationship between the accumulation of carotenoids and lipid biosynthesis, as well as the stress from diverse abiotic factors, has also been discussed for the first time. Finally, several feasible strategies have been proposed to promote carotenoid production by R. toruloides. It is possible that R. toruloides may become a critical strain in the production of carotenoids or high-value terpenoids by genetic technologies and optimal fermentation processes. KEY POINTS: • Biosynthetic pathway and its regulation of carotenoids in Rhodosporidium toruloides were concluded • Stimulation of abiotic factors for carotenoid biosynthesis in R. toruloides was summarized • Feasible strategies for increasing carotenoid production by R. toruloides were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Ting Xie
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bing-Qian Mi
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yong-Jun Lu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mou-Tong Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Liuzzi GM, Petraglia T, Latronico T, Crescenzi A, Rossano R. Antioxidant Compounds from Edible Mushrooms as Potential Candidates for Treating Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081913. [PMID: 37111131 PMCID: PMC10145943 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The last century has seen an increase in our life expectancy. As a result, various age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), have emerged, representing new challenges to society. Oxidative stress (OS), a condition of redox imbalance resulting from excessive production of reactive oxygen species, represents a common feature that characterizes the brains of elderly people, thus contributing to NDs. Consequently, antioxidant supplementation or dietary intake of antioxidant-containing foods could represent an effective preventive and therapeutic intervention to maintain the integrity and survival of neurons and to counteract the neurodegenerative pathologies associated with aging. Food contains numerous bioactive molecules with beneficial actions for human health. To this purpose, a wide range of edible mushrooms have been reported to produce different antioxidant compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, polysaccharides, vitamins, carotenoids, ergothioneine, and others, which might be used for dietary supplementation to enhance antioxidant defenses and, consequently, the prevention of age-related neurological diseases. In this review, we summarized the role of oxidative stress in age-related NDs, focusing on the current knowledge of the antioxidant compounds present in edible mushrooms, and highlighting their potential to preserve healthy aging by counteracting age-associated NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Tania Petraglia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Aniello Crescenzi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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LIU J, LIU B, XUE Q, ZHANG H, XUE Z, QIAN K, ZHANG J, JIN Y, HAN J, ZHU C. Analysis of appearance and active substances of Cordyceps militaris stromata on Antheraea pernyi pupae after optimization. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.127022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan LIU
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Baoyu LIU
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Qiang XUE
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Haidong ZHANG
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenhai XUE
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Kun QIAN
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Jihui ZHANG
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying JIN
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Jianhua HAN
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
| | - Changjie ZHU
- Sericulture Research Institute of Jilin Province, China
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Lyu X, Wang Q, Liu A, Liu F, Meng L, Wang P, Zhang Y, Wang L, Li Z, Wang W. The transcription factor Ste12-like increases the mycelial abiotic stress tolerance and regulates the fruiting body development of Flammulina filiformis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1139679. [PMID: 37213522 PMCID: PMC10192742 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Flammulina filiformis is one of the most commercially important edible fungi worldwide, with its nutritional value and medicinal properties. It becomes a good model species to study the tolerance of abiotic stress during mycelia growth in edible mushroom cultivation. Transcription factor Ste12 has been reported to be involved in the regulation of stress tolerance and sexual reproduction in fungi. Methods In this study, identification and phylogenetic analysis of ste12-like was performed by bioinformatics methods. Four ste12-like overexpression transformants of F. filiformis were constructed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Results and Discussion Phylogenetic analysis showed that Ste12-like contained conserved amino acid sequences. All the overexpression transformants were more tolerant to salt stress, cold stress and oxidative stress than wild-type strains. In the fruiting experiment, the number of fruiting bodies of overexpression transformants increased compared with wild-type strains, but the growth rate of stipes slowed down. It suggested that gene ste12-like was involved in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance and fruiting body development in F. filiformis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Lyu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingji Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Panmeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li Wang,
| | - Zhuang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Zhuang Li,
| | - Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Wei Wang,
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Cmcrf1, a Putative Zn2Cys6 Fungal Transcription Factor, Is Involved in Conidiation, Carotenoid Production, and Fruiting Body Development in Cordyceps militaris. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101535. [PMID: 36290438 PMCID: PMC9598893 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a high-value medicinal and edible fungus that produces many bioactive compounds, including carotenoid, and thus, improving the carotenoid productivity of C. militaris will increase its commercial value. However, little is known about the genetic regulatory mechanism of carotenoid biosynthesis in C. militaris. To further understanding the regulatory mechanism of carotenoid biosynthesis, we performed a large-scale screen of T-DNA insertional mutant library and identified a defective mutant, denoted T111, whose colonies did not change color from white to yellow upon exposure to light. Mutation analysis confirmed that a single T-DNA insertion occurred in the gene encoding a 695-amino-acid putative fungal-specific transcription factor with a predicted Zn2Cys6 binuclear cluster DNA-binding domain found uniquely in fungi. Targeted deletion of this gene, denoted C. militaris carotenogenesis regulatory factor 1 (Cmcrf1), generated the ΔCmcrf1 mutant that exhibited drastically reduced carotenoid biosynthesis and failed to generate fruiting bodies. In addition, the ΔCmcrf1 mutant showed significantly increased conidiation and increased hypersensitivity to cell-wall-perturbing agents compared with the wild-type strain. However, the Cmcrf1 gene did not have an impact on the mycelia growth of C. militaris. These results show that Cmcrf1 is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis and is required for conidiation and fruiting body formation in C. militaris.
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Lyu M, Zeng J, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Wang A, Ma J, Wu Z, Castells-Garcia A, González-Almela E, Lin J, Wei T. Overlapping promoter library designed for rational heterogenous expression in Cordyceps militaris. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:107. [PMID: 35655187 PMCID: PMC9161592 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cordyceps militaris, a kind of edible and medicinal fungus widely accepted in East Asia, has attracted much attention as a potential cell factory for producing adenosine analogs. Despite the rapid development in gene editing techniques and genome modeling, the diversity of DNA elements in C. militaris was too short to achieve rational heterogeneous expression for metabolic engineering studies. RESULTS In this study, PtrpC, a kind of promoter with a relatively appropriate expression level and small size, was selected as a monomer for promoter library construction. Through in vitro BioBricks assembly, 9 overlapping PtrpC promoters with different copy numbers as well as reporter gene gfp were connected and subsequently integrated into the genome of C. militaris. Both the mRNA transcription level and the expression level of gene gfp gradually increased along with the copy number of the overlapping promoter NPtrpC and peaked at 7. In the meantime, no significant difference was found in either the biomass or morphological characteristic of engineered and wild-type strains. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly expanded the overlapping promoter strategy used in model microorganism in C. militaris. It was a proof-of-concept in fungi synthetic biology and provide a general method to pushed the boundary of promoter engineering in edible mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Lyu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiapeng Zeng
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tongyu Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jiezhao Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | | | | | - Junfang Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Protective Effect of a Water-Soluble Carotenoid-Rich Extract of Cordyceps militaris against Light-Evoked Functional Vision Deterioration in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081675. [PMID: 35458237 PMCID: PMC9031935 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-evoked retinal photodamage is considered an important factor contributing to functional vision deterioration and can even lead to light maculopathy or dry age-related macular degeneration. Loss of visual acuity (VA) and visual contrast sensitivity function (VCSF) are the major symptoms of retinal degenerative diseases. Cordyceps militaris is a carotenoid-rich Chinese medicinal fungus with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory functions. C. militaris extract is a natural substance, and its bioactive constituents have been shown to confer health benefits, but their application in retinal tissue and functional vision protection in vivo remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of water-soluble, carotenoid-rich C. militaris extracts on the visual performance of light-damaged mouse retinas in vivo, using adult female CD-1® (ICR) albino mice. We showed that oral administration of this C. militaris extract (10 mg/kg, twice daily) protected the neural retina tissue against light-evoked photoreceptor cell death, reduced Müller cell hypertrophic gliosis, and elevated GSH levels and promoted the recovery of VA- and VCSF-thresholds, especially for high spatial frequency-characterized vision. These results suggest that, probably because of its water-soluble carotenoids, C. militaris extract has the potential to prevent or treat light-induced visual dysfunction.
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Chen HY, Lei JY, Li SL, Guo LQ, Lin JF, Wu GH, Lu J, Ye ZW. Progress in biological activities and biosynthesis of edible fungi terpenoids. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7288-7310. [PMID: 35238261 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The edible fungi have both edible and medicinal functions, in which terpenoids are one of the most important active ingredients. Terpenoids possess a wide range of biological activities and show great potential in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. In this review, the diverse biological activities of edible fungi terpenoids were summarized with emphasis on the mechanism of anti-cancer and anti-inflammation. Subsequently, this review focuses on advances in knowledge and understanding of the biosynthesis of terpenoids in edible fungi, especially in the generation of sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and triterpenes. This paper is aim to provide an overview of biological functions and biosynthesis developed for utilizing the terpenoids in edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yu Lei
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Li Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hong Wu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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In-on A, Thananusak R, Ruengjitchatchawalya M, Vongsangnak W, Laomettachit T. Construction of Light-Responsive Gene Regulatory Network for Growth, Development and Secondary Metabolite Production in Cordyceps militaris. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010071. [PMID: 35053069 PMCID: PMC8773263 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is an edible fungus that produces many beneficial compounds, including cordycepin and carotenoid. In many fungi, growth, development and secondary metabolite production are controlled by crosstalk between light-signaling pathways and other regulatory cascades. However, little is known about the gene regulation upon light exposure in C. militaris. This study aims to construct a gene regulatory network (GRN) that responds to light in C. militaris. First, a genome-scale GRN was built based on transcription factor (TF)-target gene interactions predicted from the Regulatory Sequence Analysis Tools (RSAT). Then, a light-responsive GRN was extracted by integrating the transcriptomic data onto the genome-scale GRN. The light-responsive network contains 2689 genes and 6837 interactions. From the network, five TFs, Snf21 (CCM_04586), an AT-hook DNA-binding motif TF (CCM_08536), a homeobox TF (CCM_07504), a forkhead box protein L2 (CCM_02646) and a heat shock factor Hsf1 (CCM_05142), were identified as key regulators that co-regulate a large group of growth and developmental genes. The identified regulatory network and expression profiles from our analysis suggested how light may induce the growth and development of C. militaris into a sexual cycle. The light-mediated regulation also couples fungal development with cordycepin and carotenoid production. This study leads to an enhanced understanding of the light-responsive regulation of growth, development and secondary metabolite production in the fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammarin In-on
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand; (A.I.-o.); (M.R.)
- School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Roypim Thananusak
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Marasri Ruengjitchatchawalya
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand; (A.I.-o.); (M.R.)
- Biotechnology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Wanwipa Vongsangnak
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: (W.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Teeraphan Laomettachit
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand; (A.I.-o.); (M.R.)
- Theoretical and Computational Physics (TCP) Group, Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
- Correspondence: (W.V.); (T.L.)
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