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Vaughan AJ, McMeekin LJ, Hine K, Stubbs IW, Codadu NK, Cockell S, Hill JT, Cowell R, Trevelyan AJ, Parrish RR. RNA Sequencing Demonstrates Ex Vivo Neocortical Transcriptomic Changes Induced by Epileptiform Activity in Male and Female Mice. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0520-23.2024. [PMID: 38664009 PMCID: PMC11129778 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0520-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Seizures are generally associated with epilepsy but may also be a symptom of many other neurological conditions. A hallmark of a seizure is the intensity of the local neuronal activation, which can drive large-scale gene transcription changes. Such changes in the transcriptional profile likely alter neuronal function, thereby contributing to the pathological process. Therefore, there is a strong clinical imperative to characterize how gene expression is changed by seizure activity. To this end, we developed a simplified ex vivo technique for studying seizure-induced transcriptional changes. We compared the RNA sequencing profile in mouse neocortical tissue with up to 3 h of epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine (4AP) relative to control brain slices not exposed to the drug. We identified over 100 genes with significantly altered expression after 4AP treatment, including multiple genes involved in MAPK, TNF, and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways, all of which have been linked to epilepsy previously. Notably, the patterns in male and female brain slices were almost identical. Various immediate early genes were among those showing the largest upregulation. The set of down-regulated genes included ones that might be expected either to increase or to decrease neuronal excitability. In summary, we found the seizure-induced transcriptional profile complex, but the changes aligned well with an analysis of published epilepsy-associated genes. We discuss how simple models may provide new angles for investigating seizure-induced transcriptional changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec J Vaughan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Laura J McMeekin
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233
| | - Kutter Hine
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Isaac W Stubbs
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Neela K Codadu
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Cockell
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sports Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathon T Hill
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Rita Cowell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233
| | - Andrew J Trevelyan
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - R Ryley Parrish
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
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Xing B, Barbour AJ, Vithayathil J, Li X, Dutko S, Fawcett-Patel J, Lancaster E, Talos DM, Jensen FE. Reversible synaptic adaptations in a subpopulation of murine hippocampal neurons following early-life seizures. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175167. [PMID: 38227384 PMCID: PMC10904056 DOI: 10.1172/jci175167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-life seizures (ELSs) can cause permanent cognitive deficits and network hyperexcitability, but it is unclear whether ELSs induce persistent changes in specific neuronal populations and whether these changes can be targeted to mitigate network dysfunction. We used the targeted recombination of activated populations (TRAP) approach to genetically label neurons activated by kainate-induced ELSs in immature mice. The ELS-TRAPed neurons were mainly found in hippocampal CA1, remained uniquely susceptible to reactivation by later-life seizures, and displayed sustained enhancement in α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated (AMPAR-mediated) excitatory synaptic transmission and inward rectification. ELS-TRAPed neurons, but not non-TRAPed surrounding neurons, exhibited enduring decreases in Gria2 mRNA, responsible for encoding the GluA2 subunit of the AMPARs. This was paralleled by decreased synaptic GluA2 protein expression and heightened phosphorylated GluA2 at Ser880 in dendrites, indicative of GluA2 internalization. Consistent with increased GluA2-lacking AMPARs, ELS-TRAPed neurons showed premature silent synapse depletion, impaired long-term potentiation, and impaired long-term depression. In vivo postseizure treatment with IEM-1460, an inhibitor of GluA2-lacking AMPARs, markedly mitigated ELS-induced changes in TRAPed neurons. These findings show that enduring modifications of AMPARs occur in a subpopulation of ELS-activated neurons, contributing to synaptic dysplasticity and network hyperexcitability, but are reversible with early IEM-1460 intervention.
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Li X, Wang Q, Zhang DW, Wu D, Zhang SW, Wei ZR, Chen X, Li W. Hippocampus RNA Sequencing of Pentylenetetrazole-Kindled Rats and Upon Treatment of Novel Chemical Q808. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820508. [PMID: 35345815 PMCID: PMC8957222 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of genes altered in epilepsy remains incomplete, particularly in the hippocampus, which exhibits exquisite vulnerability to epilepsy. Q808 is an innovation chemical compound that has potent anti-convulsant effect. Exploring its mechanism can not only explore the pathogenesis of epilepsy but also provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application. The present study aimed to use RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to reveal the gene transcriptomic profile of chronic pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindled seizure rats and the difference of the PTZ model rat before and after treatment with Q808. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the RNA-seq results. The protein level was estimated with Western blot. Hippocampal transcriptomic analysis showed that 289 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were confirmed in the PTZ-kindled seizure group compared with the vehicle control. Gene cluster analysis identified most of the DEGs linked to neuronal apoptosis, neurogenesis, neuronal projections, and neurotransmitter regulation. After analysis across the three groups, 23 hub genes and 21 pathways were identified, and qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that most of the mRNA levels of hub genes were consistent with the RNA-seq results. Q808 treatment increased the level of ACE, a GABA-related protein. Our analysis showed the comprehensive compendium of genes and pathways differentially expressed for PTZ-kindled seizure rats and upon Q808 treatment in PTZ-kindled seizure, which may provide a theoretical basis to explore the mechanism and unique efficacy of Q808 and the pathophysiology of epilepsy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dian-Wen Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Di Wu
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Si-Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng-Ren Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Martinez-Esteve Melnikova A, Pijuan J, Aparicio J, Ramírez A, Altisent-Huguet A, Vilanova-Adell A, Arzimanoglou A, Armstrong J, Palau F, Hoenicka J, San Antonio-Arce V. The p.Glu787Lys variant in the GRIA3 gene causes developmental and epileptic encephalopathy mimicking structural epilepsy in a female patient. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang P, Perez OC, Southey BR, Sweedler JV, Pradhan AA, Rodriguez-Zas SL. Alternative Splicing Mechanisms Underlying Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1570. [PMID: 34680965 PMCID: PMC8535871 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged use of opioids can cause opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). The impact of alternative splicing on OIH remains partially characterized. A study of the absolute and relative modes of action of alternative splicing further the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying OIH. Differential absolute and relative isoform profiles were detected in the trigeminal ganglia and nucleus accumbens of mice presenting OIH behaviors elicited by chronic morphine administration relative to control mice. Genes that participate in glutamatergic synapse (e.g., Grip1, Grin1, Wnk3), myelin protein processes (e.g., Mbp, Mpz), and axon guidance presented absolute and relative splicing associated with OIH. Splicing of genes in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor pathway was detected in the nucleus accumbens while splicing in the vascular endothelial growth factor, endogenous cannabinoid signaling, circadian clock system, and metabotropic glutamate receptor pathways was detected in the trigeminal ganglia. A notable finding was the prevalence of alternatively spliced transcription factors and regulators (e.g., Ciart, Ablim2, Pbx1, Arntl2) in the trigeminal ganglia. Insights into the nociceptive and antinociceptive modulatory action of Hnrnpk were gained. The results from our study highlight the impact of alternative splicing and transcriptional regulators on OIH and expose the need for isoform-level research to advance the understanding of morphine-associated hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Olivia C. Perez
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (O.C.P.); (B.R.S.)
| | - Bruce R. Southey
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (O.C.P.); (B.R.S.)
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Amynah A. Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas
- Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (O.C.P.); (B.R.S.)
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Henley JM, Nair JD, Seager R, Yucel BP, Woodhall G, Henley BS, Talandyte K, Needs HI, Wilkinson KA. Kainate and AMPA receptors in epilepsy: Cell biology, signalling pathways and possible crosstalk. Neuropharmacology 2021; 195:108569. [PMID: 33915142 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is caused when rhythmic neuronal network activity escapes normal control mechanisms, resulting in seizures. There is an extensive and growing body of evidence that the onset and maintenance of epilepsy involves alterations in the trafficking, synaptic surface expression and signalling of kainate and AMPA receptors (KARs and AMPARs). The KAR subunit GluK2 and AMPAR subunit GluA2 are key determinants of the properties of their respective assembled receptors. Both subunits are subject to extensive protein interactions, RNA editing and post-translational modifications. In this review we focus on the cell biology of GluK2-containing KARs and GluA2-containing AMPARs and outline how their regulation and dysregulation is implicated in, and affected by, seizure activity. Further, we discuss role of KARs in regulating AMPAR surface expression and plasticity, and the relevance of this to epilepsy. This article is part of the special issue on 'Glutamate Receptors - Kainate receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Henley
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK; Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jithin D Nair
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Richard Seager
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Busra P Yucel
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Gavin Woodhall
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Benjamin S Henley
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Karolina Talandyte
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Hope I Needs
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kevin A Wilkinson
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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