1
|
Chechani B, Roat P, Hada S, Yadav DK, Kumari N. Psidium guajava: An Insight into Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:2-39. [PMID: 37170987 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230426093315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psidium guajava (guava) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and adapted to various environmental conditions. Guava is an important economic fruit widely used as food and folk medicine. It contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, reducing sugars, essential oils, carotenoids, polyphenols, etc. The presence of triterpenoid acids such as guavacoumaric, ursolic, jacoumaric, guajavanoic, guavenoic, and Asiatic acids helps to develop novel drugs against various diseases. It is used traditionally for medicinal purposes, mainly for antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antidiabetic, anticancer, antiallergy, anti-inflammatory, and hepato-protective properties. OBJECTIVE The systematic literature study aims to summarize its botanical description, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, and clinical trials. This review focuses on the plant's chemical composition and scientific approaches to human welfare. METHODS A systematic literature search was done on Psidium guajava through previous literature and online databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, etc., to explain its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications. RESULTS Previous literature studies of Psidium guajava suggest it can serve as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-allergy, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. Successful clinical trials performed on the plant extracts against infantile rotaviral enteritis and infectious gastroenteritis showed future directions to work with the plant for clinical applications. CONCLUSION In this review, an attempt is made to show all literature studied, especially in phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical trials and uses as traditional folk medicine around the world. The leaves have been used by folklore over the years to treat various ailments such as skin ulcers, diarrhoea, vaginal irritation, cough, conjunctivitis, etc. Further studies are required to explore more therapeutic remedies and to develop new medicines for future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Chechani
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Priyanka Roat
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Sonal Hada
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| | - Neetu Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang Z, Ding Z, Xu Y, Xi C, He L, Luo H, Guo Q, Huang C. Downregulation of nuclear STAT2 protein in the spinal dorsal horn is involved in neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerve. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1069331. [PMID: 36744245 PMCID: PMC9890072 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1069331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of gene transcription in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. In this study, we investigated whether the transcription factor STAT2 affects neuropathic pain and evaluated its possible mechanisms. A proteomic analysis showed that the nuclear fraction of STAT2 protein in the SDH was downregulated after chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerve, which was associated with the development of neuropathic pain. Similarly, siRNA-induced downregulation of STAT2 in the SDH of naïve rats also resulted in pain hypersensitivity. Using RNA-sequencing analysis, we showed that reduction of nuclear STAT2 after chronic constriction injury was associated with increased expression of microglial activation markers, including the class II transactivator and major histocompatibility complex class II proteins. In addition, siRNA-induced downregulation of STAT2 promoted microglial activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the SDH. Taken together, these results showed that chronic constriction injury caused downregulation of nuclear STAT2 in the SDH, which may result in microglial activation and development of neuropathic pain. Our findings indicate that restoration of nuclear expression of STAT2 could be a potential pathway for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijing Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yangting Xu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Caiyun Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqiong He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Changsheng Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mahmoud F, Haines DD, Ibrahim B, Arifhodzic N. Lymphocyte Expression of Intracellular Cytokines and Heat Shock Proteins in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2345-2353. [PMID: 37594098 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230818145709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study evaluates expression by activated CD4+ T helper1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) T lymphocytes of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytoprotective heat shock proteins (HSPs) in peripheral blood of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. METHODS This research represents preliminary work by the authors to identify correlates between critical immune parameters with the potential to serve as guidelines for the development of pharmacological strategies for altering these factors to promote the restoration of healthy immune profiles in persons afflicted with major atopic diseases. The major experimental strategy used in this research assessed immune activation by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 21 AD patients and 12 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects cultured with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (PMA/I), which are mutagenic immune activators, to induce expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in CD4+ T cells differentiated to express Th1 or Th2 cytokines and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) intracellularly (i). Evaluations were performed using an FC500 Beckman-Coulter flow cytometer. Elevated CD4+ T cell expression of cytokines, interleukin-4 (iIL-4), interleukin- 5 (iIL-5), interleukin-10 (iIL-10), interferon-gamma (iIFN-g), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (iTNF-α), were observed. RESULTS Additionally, the heat shock proteins (HSP) iHO-1 and iHSP-70 were evaluated in cells from the blood of AD patients versus the control subjects. The present study demonstrated an elevated expression of both Th1 and Th2-associated cytokines in CD4+ T cells of AD patients, with a significant direct correlation between Th1 and Th2 cell populations, thus yielding insight into the immune features of the AD-associated systemic inflammatory profile. CONCLUSION Finally, the observed increased iHO-1 and iHSP-70 expressions likely represent adaptive physiologic countermeasures to AD-associated inflammatory tissue damage, suggesting that HSP inducers are promising candidates for the management of atopic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Advanced Biotherapeutics, LTD, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Basel Ibrahim
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, College of Pharmaceutical Science & Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oleanolic Acid Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-like Responses In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112000. [PMID: 34769428 PMCID: PMC8584529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, abundantly found in plants of the Oleaceae family, and is well known for its beneficial pharmacological activities. Previously, we reported the inhibitory effect of OA on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of OA on atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions and its underlying mechanism of action. We evaluated the inhibitory effect of OA on AD-like responses and the possible mechanisms using a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD animal model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. We found that OA has anti-atopic effects, including histological alterations, on DNCB-induced AD-like lesions in mice. Moreover, it suppressed the expression of Th2 type cytokines and chemokines in the AD mouse model and TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaT keratinocytes by blocking the activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, nuclear factor-κB, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. The results demonstrate that OA inhibits AD-like symptoms and regulates the inflammatory mediators; therefore, it may be used as an effective and attractive therapeutic agent for allergic disorders, such as AD. Moreover, the findings of this study provide novel insights into the potential pharmacological targets of OA for treating AD.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang G, Tang L, Liu H, Liu D, Wang M, Cai J, Liu W, Nie W, Zhang Y, Yu X. Psidium guajava Flavonoids Prevent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Alleviate the Pancreatic Fibrosis in a Chronic Pancreatitis Mouse Model. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:2001-2015. [PMID: 34961420 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a multifactorial, inflammatory syndrome characterized by acinar atrophy and fibrosis. Activation of NOD-like receptors family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a central mediator of multiple chronic inflammatory responses and chronic fibrosis including pancreatic fibrosis in CP. The Psidium guajavaleaf is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of chronic inflammation, but the anti-inflammatory effect of Psidium guajavaleaf on CP has not yet been revealed. In this study, we investigated whether the extract of total flavonoids from Psidium guajava leaves (TFPGL) plays a therapeutic mechanism on CP through NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in a mouse CP model. The H&E and acid-Sirius red staining indicted that TFPGL attenuated the inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis significantly. The results of immunohistological staining, western blot and RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were significantly increased in the CP model group, while TFPGL significantly decreased the NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression at both the gene and protein levels. Moreover, ELISA assay was used to examine the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome target genes, such as caspase-1, IL-1[Formula: see text] and IL-18. We found that TFPGL treatment decreased the expression of caspase-1, IL-1[Formula: see text] and IL-18, which is critical for the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway and inflammation response significantly. These results demonstrated that TFPGL attenuated pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis via preventing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and TFPGL can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Zhang
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Santan Hospital, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Manxue Wang
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin NanKai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P. R. China
| | - Wei Nie
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin NanKai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Yu
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hou DD, Zhang W, Gao YL, Sun YZ, Wang HX, Qi RQ, Chen HD, Gao XH. Anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin in a mouse model of MC903-induced atopic dermatitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
7
|
Yin J, Kim HH, Hwang IH, Kim DH, Lee MW. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Quercus Mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb. on UVB-Irradiated Human Skin Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173094. [PMID: 31454971 PMCID: PMC6749265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb. (QM) has been used as an oriental traditional medicine to relieve hemorrhoids, fever, and enteritis. We screened the inhibitory activities of the extracts and compounds (1–6) isolated from QM on the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to evaluate their anti-inflammatory activities. Further, we evaluated the expression levels of cytokines, chemokines, and immune factors on pedunculagin (PC, 1), which was selected from isolated compounds (1–6) because of its potential anti-inflammation effect. Additionally, we evaluated whether the inflammation mitigation effects of PC (1) following UVB exposure in keratinocytes occurred because of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)/Janus kinase (JAK) activation. PC (1) remarkably suppressed interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-13, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA expression and reduced the mRNA expression level of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and also reduced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a concentration-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural product-derived Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Han Hyuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural product-derived Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - In Hyeok Hwang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural product-derived Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- R&D Department Applied Product Development Team, Traditional Korean Medicine Technology Division, 94, Hwarang-ro(Gapje-dong), Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38540, Korea
| | - Min Won Lee
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural product-derived Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khalilpour S, Sangiovanni E, Piazza S, Fumagalli M, Beretta G, Dell'Agli M. In vitro evidences of the traditional use of Rhus coriaria L. fruits against skin inflammatory conditions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 238:111829. [PMID: 30917928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhus coriaria L. (R. coriaria) is a medicinal herb native to the middle east and Mediterranean region and well-known as "sumac" or "sicilian sumac". This herb has a wide range of traditional applications, covering its topical use to treat skin burns or eczemas and to promote wound healing. AIM OF THE STUDY The present research aims to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of Rhus coriaria L. fruit extracts in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), evaluating extracts prepared using different techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Water (WRC), ethanol-water (EWRC) and two types of ethanol extracts (mERC and ERC) were prepared. The HaCaT cells were challenged by TNF-α (10 ng/mL) and IL-8, ICAM-1, VEGF, and MMP-9 release, as well as NF-κB translocation, were measured by ELISA assays. The most active extracts were chemically profiled through HPLC-UV-DAD analysis. RESULTS Althought all the extracts inhibited the TNF-α-induced IL-8 release, just mERC and EWRC suppressed NF-κB activation, ICAM-1, and MMP-9 secretion. EWRC showed higher inhibition on ICAM-1 and MMP-9 with IC50s of 1.76 ± 0.24 and 1.24 ± 0.33 μg/mL, respectively (mean ± s.d.). On the contrary, mERC significantly decreased VEGF levels whereas EWRC did not show any effect. The HPLC-UV profile of the extracts revealed higher amount of anthocyanins in EWRC in comparison with mERC. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the potential positive effect of R. coriaria fruit extracts, mostly mERC, as preventive agent in the treatment of keratinocyte inflammation through their inhibitory effect on the production of skin pro-inflammatory mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Khalilpour
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin SE, Ha H, Shin HK, Seo CS. Anti-Allergic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Kuwanon G and Morusin on MC/9 Mast Cells and HaCaT Keratinocytes. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020265. [PMID: 30642008 PMCID: PMC6359505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease. The use of immunomodulatory corticosteroids in AD treatment causes adverse side effects. Therefore, novel natural anti-inflammatory therapeutics are needed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities of kuwanon G and morusin. To investigate the effect of kuwanon G and morusin on skin inflammation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to quantitate secreted (RANTES/CCL5), thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17), and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) were performed, followed by Western blotting to measure the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. In order to evaluate the anti-allergic effects, ELISA to quantify histamine and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) production and Western blotting to measure 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) activation were performed using PMA and A23187-stimulated MC/9 mast cells. Kuwanon G reduced the release of RANTES/CCL5, TARC/CCL17, and MDC/CCL22 via down-regulation of STAT1 and NF-κB p65 signaling in TNF-α and IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. Kuwanon G also inhibited histamine production and 5-LO activation in PMA and A23187-stimulated MC/9 mast cells. Morusin inhibited RANTES/CCL5 and TARC/CCL17 secretion via the suppression of STAT1 and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation in TNF-α and IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes, and the release of histamine and LTC4 by suppressing 5-LO activation in PMA and A23187-stimulated MC/9 mast cells. Kuwanon G and morusin are potential anti-inflammatory mediators for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory skin diseases such as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Jin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - Hyekyung Ha
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li J, Wu C, Li F, Yu R, Wu X, Shen L, Liu Y, Zeng W. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted water extraction of flavonoids from Psidium guajava leaves by response surface analysis. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:21-29. [PMID: 30621500 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1466158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Psidium guajava leaves are rich in health-promoting flavonoids compounds. For better utilization of the resource, the ultrasound-assisted aqueous extraction was investigated using Box-Behnken design under response surface methodology. A high coefficient of determination (R2 = 97.8%) indicated good agreement between the experimental and predicted values of flavonoids yield. The optimal extraction parameters to obtain the highest total flavonoids yield were ultrasonic power of 407.41 W, extraction time of 35.15 min, and extraction temperature of 72.69 °C. The average extraction rate of flavonoids could reach 5.12% under the optimum conditions. Besides, HPLC analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy indicated that the ultrasonic treatment did not change the main component of flavonoids during extraction process and the higher flavonoids content was attributed by the disruption of the cell walls of guava particles. Thus, the extraction method could be applied successfully for large-scale extraction of total flavonoids from guava leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaokun Li
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Fang Li
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Runlan Yu
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Xueling Wu
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Li Shen
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Yuandong Liu
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- a School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education , Central South University , Changsha , China.,c CSIRO Mineral Resources , Clayton South , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liao PC, Lai MH, Hsu KP, Kuo YH, Chen J, Tsai MC, Li CX, Yin XJ, Jeyashoke N, Chao LKP. Identification of β-Sitosterol as in Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Constituent in Moringa oleifera. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10748-10759. [PMID: 30280897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
β-Sitosterol is a well known phytosterol in plants, but owing to its poor solubility in typical media, determining its cellular mechanisms has been proven to be difficult. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of β-sitosterol (BSS) isolated from Moringa oleifera in two cell lines. Over a dose range of 7.5 to 30 μM, BSS dispersed well in the medium as nanoparticles with diameters of 50 ± 5 nm and suppressed the secretion of inflammatory factors from keratinocytes and macrophages induced by PGN, TNF-α, or LPS, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and ROS, separately. In addition, BSS significantly reduced the expression of NLRP3, a key component of NLRP3 inflammasomes, and inhibited the activation of caspase-1. There was partial inhibition of NF-κB in macrophages. This is the first study to report an increase in the solubility of nearly water-insoluble phytosterols via the formation of nanoparticles and to delineate the formulation's capacity to inhibit the signal transduction pathways of inflammation in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Liao
- Department of Cosmeceutics , China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hoang Lai
- Department of Nursing , Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management , Sindian District, New Taipei City 23143 , Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ping Hsu
- Division of Wood Cellulose , Taiwan Forestry Research Institute , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources , China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics , China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Tsai
- Advanced Packaging Technology Department , Winbond Electronics , Taichung 42881 , Taiwan
| | - Chun-Xiang Li
- Advanced Materials Technology Centre , Singapore Polytechnic , 500 Dover Road , 139651 , Singapore
| | - Xi-Jiang Yin
- Advanced Materials Technology Centre , Singapore Polytechnic , 500 Dover Road , 139651 , Singapore
| | - Narumon Jeyashoke
- School of Bioresources and Technology , King Mongkut'sUniversity of Technology Thonburi , Bangkok 10150 , Thailand
| | - Louis Kuo-Ping Chao
- Department of Cosmeceutics , China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lim H, Yo S, Lee M, Seo C, Shin H, Jeong S. Potential inhibitory effects of the traditional herbal prescription Hyangso-san against skin inflammation via inhibition of chemokine production and inactivation of STAT1 in HaCaT keratinocytes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2515-2522. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye‑Sun Lim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae‑Rom Yo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee‑Young Lee
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang‑Seob Seo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun‑Kyoo Shin
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo‑Jin Jeong
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang Z, Zeng B, Wang C, Wang H, Huang P, Pan Y. MicroRNA-124 alleviates chronic skin inflammation in atopic eczema via suppressing innate immune responses in keratinocytes. Cell Immunol 2017; 319:53-60. [PMID: 28847568 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic skin inflammation in atopic eczema is associated with elevated expression of proinflammatory genes and activation of innate immune responses in keratinocytes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded RNA molecules that silence genes via the degradation of target mRNAs or inhibition of translation. Recent studies have demonstrated that miR-124 is associated with regulation of inflammation factors in several diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-124 in skin inflammation of atopic eczema. We showed that miR-124 expression is decreased in chronic lesional skin of patients with atopic eczema, and could be strongly inhibited by IFN-γ and TNF-α. Through Western blot, real-time PCR and luciferase assays, we revealed that miR-124 inhibited the expression of p65, a member of NF-κB family which can regulate many factors involved in the immune response and inflammatory reactions, through direct targeting. Further, upon IFN-γ or TNF-α stimulation, IL8, CCL5 and CCL8 showed to be significantly upregulated by IFN-γ or TNF-α, downregulated by miR-124; the promotive effect of IFN-γ and TNF-α could be partially reversed by miR-124. The levels of IL8, CCL5 and CCL8 could be significantly downregulated by p65 knockdown, upregulated by miR-124 inhibition; the suppressive effect of p65 knockdown could be partially reversed by miR-124. Moreover, contrary to miR-124, p65, IL8, CCL5 and CCL8 mRNA expression was upregulated in chronic lesional skin of patients with atopic eczema, and all inversely correlated with miR-124. Taken together, our data demonstrate that miR-124 controls NF-κB-dependent inflammatory responses in keratinocytes and chronic skin inflammation in atopic eczema; rescuing miR-124 expression presents a promising strategy for atopic eczema treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Bijun Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China.
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Health Effects of Psidium guajava L. Leaves: An Overview of the Last Decade. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040897. [PMID: 28441777 PMCID: PMC5412476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, there is increasing interest in discovering new bioactive compounds derived from ethnomedicine. Preparations of guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves have traditionally been used to manage several diseases. The pharmacological research in vitro as well as in vivo has been widely used to demonstrate the potential of the extracts from the leaves for the co-treatment of different ailments with high prevalence worldwide, upholding the traditional medicine in cases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and parasitic infections. Moreover, the biological activity has been attributed to the bioactive composition of the leaves, to some specific phytochemical subclasses, or even to individual compounds. Phenolic compounds in guava leaves have been credited with regulating blood-glucose levels. Thus, the aim of the present review was to compile results from in vitro and in vivo studies carried out with guava leaves over the last decade, relating the effects to their clinical applications in order to focus further research for finding individual bioactive compounds. Some food applications (guava tea and supplementary feed for aquaculture) and some clinical, in vitro, and in vivo outcomes are also included.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim WH, An HJ, Kim JY, Gwon MG, Gu H, Lee SJ, Park JY, Park KD, Han SM, Kim MK, Park KK. Apamin inhibits TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines via suppressions of NF-κB signaling pathway and STAT in human keratinocytes. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1030-1035. [PMID: 28958612 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is identified by an increase in infiltrations of several inflammatory cells including type 2 helper (Th2) lymphocytes. Th2-related chemokines such as thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22), and pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 are considered to play a crucial role in AD. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α- and interferon (IFN)-γ induce the inflammatory condition through production of TARC, MDC, IL-1β and IL-6, and activations of related transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) in keratinocytes. Apamin, a peptide component of bee venom, has been reported its beneficial activities in various diseases. However, anti-inflammatory effects of apamin on inflammatory condition in keratinocytes have not been explored. Therefore, the present study aimed to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of apamin on TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced inflammatory condition in keratinocytes. METHODS HaCaT was used as human keratinocytes cell line. Cell Counting Kit-8 was performed to measure a cytotoxicity of apamin. The effects of apamin on TNF-α-/IFN-γ-induced inflammatory condition were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Further, NF-κB signaling pathways, STAT1, and STAT3 were analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Apamin ameliorated the inflammatory condition through suppression of Th2-related chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, apamin down-regulated the activations of NF-κB signaling pathways and STATs in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that apamin has therapeutic effect on AD through improvement of inflammatory condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Hae Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jin An
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyemin Gu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Jae Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Y Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Duck Park
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Mi Han
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 300, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54875, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, 123, Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38066, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Daswani PG, Gholkar MS, Birdi TJ. Psidium guajava: A Single Plant for Multiple Health Problems of Rural Indian Population. Pharmacogn Rev 2017; 11:167-174. [PMID: 28989253 PMCID: PMC5628524 DOI: 10.4103/phrev.phrev_17_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rural population in India faces a number of health problems and often has to rely on local remedies. Psidium guajava Linn. (guava), a tropical plant which is used as food and medicine can be used by rural communities due to its several medicinal properties. A literature search was undertaken to gauge the rural health scenario in India and compile the available literature on guava so as to reflect its usage in the treatment of multiple health conditions prevalent in rural communities. Towards this, electronic databases such as Pubmed, Science Direct, google scholar were scanned. Information on clinical trials on guava was obtained from Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Clinicaltrial.gov. The literature survey revealed that guava possesses various medicinal properties which have been reported from across the globe in the form of ethnobotanical/ethnopharmacological surveys, laboratory investigations and clinical trials. Besides documenting the safety of guava, the available literature shows that guava is efficacious against the following conditions which rural communities would encounter. (a) Gastrointestinal infections; (b) Malaria; (c)Respiratory infections; (d) Oral/dental infections; (e) Skin infections; (f) Diabetes; (g) Cardiovascular/hypertension; (h) Cancer; (i) Malnutrition; (j) Women problems; (k) Pain; (l) Fever; (m) Liver problems; (n) Kidney problems. In addition, guava can also be useful for treatment of animals and explored for its commercial applications. In conclusion, popularization of guava, can have multiple applications for rural communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam G Daswani
- Department of Medicinal Plants, The Foundation for Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manasi S Gholkar
- Department of Medicinal Plants, The Foundation for Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tannaz J Birdi
- Department of Medicinal Plants, The Foundation for Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ginsenoside Rg5:Rk1 attenuates TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced production of thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and LPS-induced NO production via downregulation of NF-κB/p38 MAPK/STAT1 signaling in human keratinocytes and macrophages. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 52:287-295. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
18
|
Jeong SJ, Lim HS, Seo CS, Jin SE, Yoo SR, Lee N, Shin HK. Anti-inflammatory actions of herbal formula Gyejibokryeong-hwan regulated by inhibiting chemokine production and STAT1 activation in HaCaT cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:425-34. [PMID: 25757924 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GJBRH; Keishi-bukuryo-gan in Japan and Guizhi Fuling Wan in China) is a traditional herbal formula comprising five medicinal herbs and is used to treat climacteric syndrome. GJBRH has been shown to exhibit biological activity against diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis, ischemia, and cancer. However, there is no scientific evidence of its activities against skin inflammation, including atopic dermatitis. We used the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line to investigate the effects of GJBRH on skin inflammation. No significant cytotoxicity was observed in cells treated with GJBRH up to a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) significantly increased HaCaT cell production of the following chemokines: macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/CCL22; regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES)/CCL5; and interleukin-8 (IL-8). In contrast, GJBRH significantly reduced the production of MDC, RANTES, and IL-8 compared with control cells simulated with TNF-α and IFN-γ. Consistently, GJBRH suppressed the mRNA expression of MDC, RANTES, and IL-8 in TNF-α and IFN-γ-treated cells. Treatment with GJBRH markedly inhibited phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in HaCaT cells stimulated with TNF-α and IFN-γ. Our findings indicate that GJBRH impairs TNF-α and IFN-γ-mediated inflammatory chemokine production and STAT1 phosphorylation in keratinocytes. We suggest that GJBRH may be a potent therapeutic agent for inflammatory skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Jeong
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lim HS, Yeji K, Seo CS, Yoo SR, Jin SE, Shin HK, Jeong SJ. Chungsimyeonja-eum inhibits inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages and HaCaT keratinocytes. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:371. [PMID: 26474855 PMCID: PMC4609053 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Chungsimyeonja-eum (CSYJE) is an herbal prescription used in traditional Oriental medicine for treating cerebral infarction by reducing ischemic damage. However, the effects of CSYJE on inflammation have not been verified scientifically. Methods Anti-inflammatory effects of CSYJE was investigated to dertermine the inhibitory effects of CSYJE against inflammation using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and HaCaT human keratinocytes. To measure the effects of CSYJE on inflammatory mediators and cytokines/chemokines, we used the following methods: cell viability assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, immunocytochemistry. RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with CSYJE (250, 500, or 1000 μg/mL) for 4 h and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for additional 20 h. HaCaT cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (TI), and CSYJE (125, 250, or 500 μg/mL) for 24 h. Results CSYJE suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO, IC50 1000 μg/mL), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, IC50 = 12.1 μg/mL), and interleukin (IL)-6 (IC50 = 248 μg/mL) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. CSYJE suppressed the effects of TI on the production of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC, IC50 = 330.2 μg/mL), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22, IC50 = 52.5 μg/mL), regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES/CCL5, IC50 = 372.9 μg/mL), and IL-8 (IC50 = 345.1 μg/mL) in HaCaT cells. CSYJE inhibited TI-stimulated STAT1 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner and nuclear translocation at 500 μg/mL in HaCaT cells. Conclusion Our results suggest a possible therapeutic application of CSYJE for treating inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
20
|
Inhibitory effect of 5,6-dihydroergosteol-glucoside on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions via suppression of NF-κB and STAT activation. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 79:252-61. [PMID: 26100037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a Th2-type disease. Keratinocytes, a major type in the skin, produce Th2 chemokines such as thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17 and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/CCL22, which play pivotal roles in the development of Th2-dominant inflammatory skin diseases. Recently, it was reported that 5,6-dihydroergosterol-glucoside (DHE-Glc) was synthesized and exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effects of DHE-Glc, a synthetic molecule derived from ergosterol, on AD-like skin lesions induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice and to elucidate the effects of DHE-Glc on TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced production of CCL17 and CCL22 in human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and DNCB induced skin inflammation mice model. METHOD Mice were sensitized and challenged on the skin of their backs with DNCB. At 30-60 days after sensitization, mice were treated with cutaneous administration of DHE-Glc by skin smear. HaCaT cells were used to evaluate the effects of DHE-Glc on production of CCL17 and CCL22 and investigate mechanisms of action by RT-PCR, ELISA, Western blot, and reporter assays. RESULT Topical administration of DHE-Glc attenuated AD-like skin inflammatory symptoms. DHE-Glc decreased infiltration of epidermal eosinophils and mast cells, and reduced levels of IgE, histamine, and mRNA expression and protein levels of CCL17/CCL22 in the plasma of DNCB-treated animals. In addition, DHE-Glc suppressed TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced expression of the Th2 chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT activation in TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION DHE-Glc improved AD-like skin inflammatory symptoms on the backs of DNCB-induced mice, partly by suppressing production of Th2 chemokines, CCL17 and CCL22 in inflamed skin. Therefore, DHE-Glc is a potential therapeutic agent for skin inflammatory diseases such as AD.
Collapse
|
21
|
Lim HS, Jin SE, Kim OS, Shin HK, Jeong SJ. Alantolactone from Saussurea lappa Exerts Antiinflammatory Effects by Inhibiting Chemokine Production and STAT1 Phosphorylation in TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced in HaCaT cells. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1088-96. [PMID: 25881570 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Skin inflammation is the most common condition seen in dermatology practice and can be caused by various allergic reactions and certain toxins or chemicals. In the present study, we investigated the antiinflammatory effects of Saussurea lappa, a medicinal herb, and its marker compounds alantolactone, caryophyllene, costic acid, costunolide, and dehydrocostuslactone in the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line. HaCaT cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and treated with S. lappa or each of five marker compounds. Chemokine production and expression were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 was determined by immunoblotting. Stimulation with TNF-α and IFN-γ significantly increased the production of the following chemokines: thymus-regulated and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC): regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES): macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC): and interleukin-8 (IL-8). By contrast, S. lappa and the five marker compounds significantly reduced the production of these chemokines by TNF-α and IFN-γ-treated cells. S. lappa and alantolactone suppressed the TNF-α and IFN-γ-stimulated increase in the phosphorylation of STAT1. Our results demonstrate that alantolactone from S. lappa suppresses TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced production of RANTES and IL-8 by blocking STAT1 phosphorylation in HaCaT cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Lim
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea.,Division of Allergy and Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-951, Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Jin
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| | - Ohn-Soon Kim
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jeong SJ, Lim HS, Seo CS, Kim JH, Jin SE, Yoo SR, Shin HK. Traditional herbal formula Jakyakgamcho-tang (Paeonia lactiflora and Glycyrrhiza uralensis) impairs inflammatory chemokine production by inhibiting activation of STAT1 and NF-κB in HaCaT cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:326-32. [PMID: 25765840 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A traditional herbal formula Jakyakgamcho-tang (JYGCT; Paeonia lactiflora and Glycyrrhiza uralensis) has been used for treatment of backache, muscle pain, acute abdominal pain, neuralgia, bronchial asthma, and painful peripheral neuropathy in Oriental medicine. We report on our experiments using the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line showing that a traditional herbal formula JYGCT has inhibitory effects on inflammatory responses in skin. Stimulation with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) caused a significant increase in the production of the following chemokines: thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)/CCL17; macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/CCL22; regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES)/CCL5; and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in HaCaT cells. By contrast, treatment with JYGCT extract significantly reduced the production of TARC, MDC, RANTES, and IL-8, but caused no cytotoxicity, compared with TNF-α and IFN-γ-treated control cells. Consistently, JYGCT extract downregulated the mRNA expression of TARC, MDC, RANTES, and IL-8 induced by TNF-α and IFN-γ in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TNF-α and IFN-γ markedly increased the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in HaCaT cells. By contrast, TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced activation of STAT1 and NF-κB activation was inhibited by JYGCT treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Our data indicate that JYGCT attenuates TNF-α and IFN-γ-mediated chemokine production by targeting the STAT1 and NF-κB signalling in keratinocytes. Our findings suggest that JYGCT has potential as a therapeutic drug candidate for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Jeong
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Lim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea; Division of Allergy and Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea; Division of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan City, Gyeongnam 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Jin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Rom Yoo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Seo J, Lee S, Elam ML, Johnson SA, Kang J, Arjmandi BH. Study to find the best extraction solvent for use with guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) for high antioxidant efficacy. Food Sci Nutr 2014; 2:174-80. [PMID: 24804076 PMCID: PMC3959964 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of guava leaves extracted using solvents of water, ethanol, methanol, and different concentrations of hydroethanolic solvents on phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and antioxidant properties have been investigated. The antioxidant capability was assessed based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-scavenging abilities, reducing power, and nitric oxide-and nitrate-scavenging activities. The results demonstrated that the antioxidant ability of guava leaf extracts has a strong relationship with phenolic compound content rather than flavonoid content. Phenolic compound content of water extracted guava leaves was higher compared to pure ethanol and methanol extracts. However, phenolic compound content extracted using hydroethanolic solvent was higher than water, whereas 50% hydroethanolic was observed to be the most effective solvent showing high antioxidant ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongkwon Seo
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida, 32306
| | - Soojung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - Marcus L Elam
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida, 32306
| | - Sarah A Johnson
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida, 32306
| | - Jonghoon Kang
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University Valdosta, Georgia, 31698
| | - Bahram H Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida, 32306
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jung MR, Lee TH, Bang MH, Kim H, Son Y, Chung DK, Kim J. Suppression of thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) production by 3-O-β-D-glucopyanosylspinasterol via blocking NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways in TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced HaCaT keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:236-41. [PMID: 22943853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A phytosterol derivative, 3-O-β-D-glucopyanosylspinasterol (spinasterol-Glc) isolated from leaves of Stewartia koreana was reported to inhibit LPS-induced cytokine production in macrophage cells. Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) is produced in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes, which is implicated in the development of inflammatory skin diseases. In present study, we investigated the effect of spinasterol-Glc on production of TARC/CCL17 induced by TNF-α and IFN-γ in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Spinasterol-Glc inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TARC/CCL17 induced by TNF-α/IFN-γ in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitors of c-Raf-1, p38 MAPK, and JAK2, suppressed the TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced production of TARC/CCL17, and phosphorylation of these signaling molecules were attenuated by spinasterol-Glc. The compound also inhibited phosphorylation of IKKα/β and IκB-α, and reduced translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus. We demonstrated that spinasterol-Glc suppressed the NF-κB-driven and the GAS-driven expression of luciferase reporter gene induced by TNF-α and IFN-γ. In addition, spinasterol-Glc inhibited the DNA binding of NF-κB and STAT1 to its cognate binding site. These results suggest that spinasterol-Glc has effective inhibitory effects on production of TARC/CCL17 in keratinocytes via inhibition of NF-κB as well as STAT activation, and could be utilized for development of a potential therapeutic agent against skin inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-ra Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kwamin F, Gref R, Haubek D, Johansson A. Interactions of extracts from selected chewing stick sources with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:203. [PMID: 22537711 PMCID: PMC3393612 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans produces a leukotoxin that activates a pro-inflammatory death of human monocytes/macrophages. A specific clone of this bacterium (JP2) has a 530-base pair deletion in the leukotoxin promoter gene and significantly enhanced expression of leukotoxin. This specific clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans is common in some African populations and has a strong association with periodontal attachment loss in adolescents in these populations. Chewing sticks of plant origin are commonly used as oral hygiene tool in Africa, but their role as a therapeutic agent in periodontal disease is poorly investigated. Results Ethanol extracts were made from 7 common plants used as chewing sticks in West-Africa. None of the tested extracts inhibited growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans. However, extracts from Psidium guajava (Guava) completely neutralized the cell death and pro-inflammatory response of human leukocytes induced by the leukotoxin. None of the six other tested chewing stick extracts showed this effect. Conclusions The discovery that extracts from Guava efficiently neutralizes A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxicity might lead to novel therapeutic agents and strategies for prevention and treatment of aggressive forms of periodontitis induced by infections with the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of this bacterium.
Collapse
|
26
|
Choi JH, Park BH, Kim HG, Hwang YP, Han EH, Jin SW, Seo JK, Chung YC, Jeong HG. Inhibitory effect of Psidium guajava water extract in the development of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2923-9. [PMID: 22609491 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, and inflammatory skin disease associated with eczematous symptoms and IgE hyperproduction. Psidium guajava is an important food crop and medicinal plant with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities, supporting its traditional uses. Our previous studies have shown that P. guajava extract inhibits Th2 chemokine expression by suppressing the activation of NF-κB and STAT1 co-stimulated with TNF-α and INF-γ. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of P. guajava water extract (PGW) on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Treatment of cream containing PGW onto DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice ameliorated lesion intensity scores, levels of IgE, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), TNF-α, and IL-4 in serum and ears. In contrast, PGW increased level of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. Histological analyses demonstrated decreased thickening of the epidermis/dermis as well as dermal infiltration by inflammatory cells. These results suggest that cream containing PGW may be a potential therapeutic modality for AD and adjunctive agent to control pruritus in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Choi
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-dong, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|