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Gao M, Ge X, Li Y, Zheng G, Cai J, Yao J, Wang T, Gao Y, Yan Y, Chen Y, Pan Y, Hu P. Lysosomal dysfunction in carbon black-induced lung disorders. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167200. [PMID: 37742976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon black (CB), a component of environmental particulate pollution derived from carbon sources, poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in the context of lung-related disease. This study aimed to investigate the detrimental effects of aggregated CB in the average micron scale on lung tissues and cells in vitro and in vivo. We observed that CB particles induced lung disorders characterized by enhanced expression of inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis-related factors in vivo. In alveolar epithelial cells, CB exposure resulted in decreased cell viability, induction of cell death, and generation of reactive oxidative species, along with altered expression of proteins associated with lung disorders. Our findings suggested that the damaging effects of CB on the lung involved the targeting of lysosomes. Specifically, CB promoted lysosomal membrane permeabilization, while lysosomal alkalization mitigated the harmfulness of CB on lung cells. Additionally, we explored the protective effects of alkaloids derived from Nelumbinis plumula, with a focus on neferine, against CB-induced lung disorders. In conclusion, these findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological effects of CB particles on the lungs and propose a potential therapeutic approach for pollution-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtong Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Gege Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jun Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jiani Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yichang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuchen Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yinming Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Po Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Limwachiranon J, Huang H, Shi Z, Li L, Luo Z. Lotus Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids: Health Promotion and Safe Consumption Dosages. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:458-471. [PMID: 33350075 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., also known as the sacred lotus, is extensively cultivated in Southeast Asia, primarily for food and as an herbal medicine. This article reviews studies published between 1995 and 2017, on flavonoid and phenolic acid profiles and contents of 154 different cultivars of lotus. So far, some 12 phenolic acids and 89 to 90 flavonoids (47 flavonols, 25 to 26 flavons, 8 flavan-3-ols, 4 flavanons, and 5 anthocyanins) have been isolated from different parts of the lotus plant, including its leaves (whole leaf, leaf pulp, leaf vein, and leaf stalk), seeds (seedpod, epicarp, coat, kernel, and embryo), and flowers (stamen, petal, pistil, and stalk), although not all of them have been quantified. Factors affecting flavonoids and phenolic acid profiles, including types of tissues and extracting factors, are discussed in this review, in order to maximize the application of the lotus and its polyphenols in the food industry. Health promotion activities, attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids, are described along with toxicology studies, illustrating appropriate usage and safe consumption dosages of lotus extracts. This review also presents the controversies and discusses the research gaps that limit our ability to obtain a thorough understanding of the bioactivities of lotus extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarukitt Limwachiranon
- Zhejiang Univ., College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- Zhejiang Univ., College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghan Shi
- Zhejiang Univ., College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Zhejiang Univ., College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- Zhejiang Univ., College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
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Sharma BR, Gautam LNS, Adhikari D, Karki R. A Comprehensive Review on Chemical Profiling ofNelumbo Nucifera: Potential for Drug Development. Phytother Res 2016; 31:3-26. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhesh Raj Sharma
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Natural Sciences; Mokpo National University; 61 Muan-gun Jeonnam 534-729 Korea
| | - Lekh Nath S. Gautam
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry; West Virginia University; Morgantown WV 26506 USA
| | | | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Natural Sciences; Mokpo National University; 61 Muan-gun Jeonnam 534-729 Korea
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Luo HL, Liu XX, Huang XY, Dai XM, Zhang M, Fang FF, Luo LP. Chemical Deterioration of Lotus Seeds During Storage. J FOOD QUALITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huo-Lin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
| | - Xue-Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
| | - Xi-Mo Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences; Nanchang University; Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 P. R. China
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Celastrol Protects against Antimycin A-Induced Insulin Resistance in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells. Molecules 2015; 20:8242-69. [PMID: 25961164 PMCID: PMC6272652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20058242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation are widely accepted as key hallmarks of obesity-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functional roles of an anti-inflammatory compound, celastrol, in mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance induced by antimycin A (AMA) in human skeletal muscle cells. We found that celastrol treatment improved insulin-stimulated glucose uptake activity of AMA-treated cells, apparently via PI3K/Akt pathways, with significant enhancement of mitochondrial activities. Furthermore, celastrol prevented increased levels of cellular oxidative damage where the production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in cultures cells was greatly reduced. Celastrol significantly increased protein phosphorylation of insulin signaling cascades with amplified expression of AMPK protein and attenuated NF-κB and PKC θ activation in human skeletal muscle treated with AMA. The improvement of insulin signaling pathways by celastrol was also accompanied by augmented GLUT4 protein expression. Taken together, these results suggest that celastrol may be advocated for use as a potential therapeutic molecule to protect against mitochondrial dysfunction-induced insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle cells.
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Zhao M, Wang P, Zhu Y, Liu X, Hu X, Chen F. The chemoprotection of a blueberry anthocyanin extract against the acrylamide-induced oxidative stress in mitochondria: unequivocal evidence in mice liver. Food Funct 2015; 6:3006-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial mechanism of Acrylamide-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
| | - Pengpu Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing
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Modulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics in a skeletal muscle cell line model of mitochondrial toxicity. Redox Biol 2014; 2:224-33. [PMID: 24494197 PMCID: PMC3909783 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial toxicity is increasingly being implicated as a contributing factor to many xenobiotic-induced organ toxicities, including skeletal muscle toxicity. This has necessitated the need for predictive in vitro models that are able to sensitively detect mitochondrial toxicity of chemical entities early in the research and development process. One such cell model involves substituting galactose for glucose in the culture media. Since cells cultured in galactose are unable to generate sufficient ATP from glycolysis they are forced to rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for ATP generation and consequently are more sensitive to mitochondrial perturbation than cells grown in glucose. The aim of this study was to characterise cellular growth, bioenergetics and mitochondrial toxicity of the L6 rat skeletal muscle cell line cultured in either high glucose or galactose media. L6 myoblasts proliferated more slowly when cultured in galactose media, although they maintained similar levels of ATP. Galactose cultured L6 cells were significantly more sensitive to classical mitochondrial toxicants than glucose-cultured cells, confirming the cells had adapted to galactose media. Analysis of bioenergetic function with the XF Seahorse extracellular flux analyser demonstrated that oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was significantly increased whereas extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), a measure of glycolysis, was decreased in cells grown in galactose. Mitochondria operated closer to state 3 respiration and had a lower mitochondrial membrane potential and basal mitochondrial O2•– level compared to cells in the glucose model. An antimycin A (AA) dose response revealed that there was no difference in the sensitivity of OCR to AA inhibition between glucose and galactose cells. Importantly, cells in glucose were able to up-regulate glycolysis, while galactose cells were not. These results confirm that L6 cells are able to adapt to growth in a galactose media model and are consequently more susceptible to mitochondrial toxicants. L6 cells grown in glucose and galactose as model to detect skeletal muscle mitochondrial toxicity. L6 cells grown in galactose rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production. Galactose cells are unable to use glycolysis to produce ATP following mitochondrial inhibition.
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Key Words
- AA, antimycin A
- ANT, adenine nucleotide translocase
- CPD, cumulative population doublings
- ECAR, extracellular acidification rate
- ETC, electron transport chain
- Extracellular flux analysis
- FCCP, Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone
- FSC, forward scatter
- Galactose
- Mitochondria
- O2•–, superoxide
- OCR, oxygen consumption rate
- OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation
- Oligo, oligomycin
- PD, population doublings
- PPP, pentose phosphate pathway
- RCR, respiratory control ratio
- SSC, side scatter
- Skeletal muscle toxicity
- TCA, tricarboxylic acid cycle
- UCPs, uncoupling proteins
- XF, extracellular flux
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