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El Mabrouk N, Iulini M, Maddalon A, Galbiati V, Harizi H, Mastouri M, Corsini E. In Vitro Effects of Cypermethrin and Glyphosate on LPS-Induced Immune Cell Activation. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:62. [PMID: 38255676 PMCID: PMC10820252 DOI: 10.3390/life14010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The insecticide cypermethrin (Cypm) and the herbicide glyphosate (Glyp) are among the most widely used pesticides. While the two pesticides have been considered to have low toxicity in mammals, some indication of potential immunotoxicity has emerged. The aim of this work was to investigate in vitro the effects of Cypm and Glyp on bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune cell activation and of Cypm on 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT)-induced maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). (2) Methods: The release of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-8, the expression of the surface markers CD54 and CD86 in human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and THP-1 cells were investigated together with CD83, HLA-DR, IL-6, and IL-18 in DCs. (3) Results: While no significant modulation on LPS-induced immune cell activation was observed following Glyp exposure, with only a trend toward an increase at the highest concentration tested, Cypm reduced the responses to LPS and to MBT, supporting a direct immunosuppressive effect. Overall, the present study contributes to our understanding of pesticide-induced immunotoxicity, and the results obtained support evidence showing the immunosuppressive effects of Cypm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjesse El Mabrouk
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir University, Avenue Avicienne, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (N.E.M.); (H.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Martina Iulini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.I.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Ambra Maddalon
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.I.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Valentina Galbiati
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.I.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Hedi Harizi
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir University, Avenue Avicienne, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (N.E.M.); (H.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir University, Avenue Avicienne, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (N.E.M.); (H.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences ‘Rodolfo Paoletti’, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.I.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
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Maddalon A, Masi M, Iulini M, Linciano P, Galbiati V, Marinovich M, Racchi M, Buoso E, Corsini E. Effects of endocrine active contaminating pesticides on RACK1 expression and immunological consequences in THP-1 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:103971. [PMID: 36084878 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that RACK1, which expression is under steroid hormone control, plays an important role in the activation of immune cells and its expression can be useful to evaluate the immunotoxic profile of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Hence, we investigated the effects of three contaminating and persistent pesticides: the fungicide vinclozolin (VIN), the herbicide atrazine (ATR) and the insecticide cypermethrin (CYP) on RACK1 expression and on innate immune response. VIN resulted in modest alteration of RACK1 while ATR and CYP reduced in a dose dependent manner RACK1 expression, ultimately leading to the decrease in lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-8 and TNF-α release and CD86 and CD54 surface marker expression. Moreover, our data indicate that, after exposure to EDCs, alterations of RACK1 expression can also occur with mechanisms not directly mediated by an interaction with a nuclear or membrane steroid receptors. Therefore, RACK1 could represent a useful EDCs screening tool to evaluate their immunotoxic potential and to dissect their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Maddalon
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mirco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Iulini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Galbiati
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Marinovich
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Erica Buoso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Wang Q, Wang XX, Xie JF, Yao TT, Xu LL, Wang LS, Yu Y, Xu LC. Cypermethrin inhibits proliferation of Sertoli cells through AR involving DAB2IP/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in vitro. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:583-591. [DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CP) exhibits anti-androgenic effects through antagonism on androgen receptor (AR) activation. This study was to identify whether AR-mediated disabled 2 interacting protein (DAB2IP)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway was involved in CP-induced mouse Sertoli cells (TM4) proliferation disorder. Real-Time Cell Analysis-iCELLigence system was to measure cell proliferation. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify AR-regulated genes. Quantitative Real-Time PCR and western blot were to detect the genes and proteins levels in AR-mediated DAB2IP/PI3K/AKT pathway. Results showed CP suppressed TM4 proliferation and the expression of AR. Activation of AR restored the inhibition efficacy of CP on TM4 proliferation. AR regulated DAB2IP expression and phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT in CP-exposed TM4 cells. In addition, knockdown of DAB2IP alleviated the inhibition efficacy of CP on cell proliferation and phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. Taken together, AR was a modulator in CP-induced inhibition of Sertoli cells proliferation by negatively regulating DAB2IP/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The study may provide a new insight for the mechanisms of male reproductive toxicity induced by CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Xu-Xu Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Jia-Fei Xie
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Ting-Ting Yao
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Lin-Lin Xu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Lu-Shan Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Yue Yu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University , 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004 , China
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Wang Q, Shen JY, Zhang R, Hong JW, Li Z, Ding Z, Wang HX, Zhang JP, Zhang MR, Xu LC. Effects and mechanisms of pyrethroids on male reproductive system. Toxicology 2020; 438:152460. [PMID: 32278050 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic pyrethroids are used as insecticides in agriculture and a variety of household applications worldwide. Pyrethroids are widely distributed in all environmental compartments and the general populations are exposed to pyrethroids through various routes. Pyrethroids have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which are responsible for the male reproductive impairments. The data confirm pyrethroids cause male reproductive damages. The insecticides exert the toxic effects on male reproductive system through various complex mechanisms including antagonizing androgen receptor (AR), inhibiting steroid synthesis, affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, acting as estrogen receptor (ER) modulators and inducing oxidative stress. The mechanisms of male reproductive toxicity of pyrethroids involve multiple targets and pathways. The review will provide further insight into pyrethroid-induced male reproductive toxicity and mechanisms, which is crucial to preserve male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Yu Shen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Wei Hong
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng-Xue Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Peng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Rong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Effect of beta-cypermethrin exposure on embryo implantation in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 76:1-11. [PMID: 29253587 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of β-CP on embryo implantation in mice. Forty female mice were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 mice each: one control group and three β-CP treated groups. The control group was administered corn oil only, while the three β-CP-treated groups were given corn oil containing 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg bw d β-CP for 3 months through intragastric administration. The results indicated that the administration of β-CP decreased the rate of embryo implantation (all p < 0.05), E2 level in the serum, and the expression of Homeobox A10 (HoxA10) protein. In addition, β-CP significantly increased ERa and PRA protein expression levels. These results suggest that β-CP can disrupt the balance of E2 and P, influence ERa and PRA expression and their downstream-related molecule Hoxa10, and decrease embryo implantation.
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Madhubabu G, Yenugu S. Exposure to allethrin-based mosquito coil smoke during gestation and postnatal development affects reproductive function in male offspring of rat. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:374-385. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1385661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golla Madhubabu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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Zhou JL, Ding Z, Ge X, Shi QM, Wang HX, Chen G, Li MX, Wang H, Ju Q, Wang Q, Zhang JP, Zhang MR, Xu LC. Cypermethrin inhibits interleukin-6-induced androgen receptor transactivation through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:717-722. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1351505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Long Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Zhen Ding
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Xing Ge
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Qiao-Mei Shi
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Heng-Xue Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Meng-Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Qiang Ju
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Jin-Peng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Mei-Rong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
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Wang Q, Zhou JL, Wang H, Ju Q, Ding Z, Zhou XL, Ge X, Shi QM, Pan C, Zhang JP, Zhang MR, Yu HM, Xu LC. Inhibition effect of cypermethrin mediated by co-regulators SRC-1 and SMRT in interleukin-6-induced androgen receptor activation. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 158:24-29. [PMID: 27239967 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is hypothesized that the pesticide cypermethrin may induce androgen receptor (AR) antagonism via ligand-independent mechanisms. The Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) iCELLigence system was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of cypermethrin on interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced ligand-independent LNCaP cell growth. Then, the mammalian two-hybrid assays were applied to clarify whether the mechanism of IL-6-induced AR antagonism of cypermethrin was associated with the interactions of the AR and co-activator steroid receptor co-activator-1 (SRC-1) and co-repressor silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT). Cypermethrin inhibited the LNCaP cell growth induced by IL-6. The interactions of AR-SRC-1 and AR-SMRT mediated by IL-6 were suppressed by cypermethrin. The results indicate that the IL-6-mediated AR antagonism induced by cypermethrin is related to repress the recruitment of co-regulators SRC-1 and SMRT to the AR in a ligand-independent manner. Inhibition of the interactions of AR-SRC-1 and AR-SMRT mediated by IL-6 contributes to the AR antagonism induced by cypermethrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Ji-Long Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Qiang Ju
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Xing Ge
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Qiao-Mei Shi
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Chen Pan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Jin-Peng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Mei-Rong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Hong-Min Yu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical College, 209 Tong-Shan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China.
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