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Safenraiter ME, Soldini MPC, Del Río MG. Cantharidin: A Multiporpuse Beetlejuice. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:964-971. [PMID: 38750300 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Cantharidin is produced by beetles of two families, Meloidae (true blister beetles) and Oedemeridae (false blister beetles). Nevertheless, it is mainly members of the meloid family that have been widely studied in the traditional medicines and pharmacology of different cultures and countries. The meloids cantharidin's role is going to be reviewed in this paper, including the cantharidin discovery, its adaptative function, and worldwide uses. Finally, we recovered information on the implementation of this compound in South American civilizations in different therapeutic treatments as well as sexual stimulants and aphrodisiacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Edith Safenraiter
- Laboratorio de Entomología, CICYTTP-CONICET/UADER/Gob. Entre Ríos, Materi y España, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina.
| | - María Paula Campos Soldini
- Laboratorio de Entomología, CICYTTP-CONICET/UADER/Gob. Entre Ríos, Materi y España, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - María Guadalupe Del Río
- División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Univ Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Xiao Y, Liu R, Tang W, Yang C. Cantharidin-induced toxic injury, oxidative stress, and autophagy attenuated by Astragalus polysaccharides in mouse testis. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 123:108520. [PMID: 38056682 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Cantharidin (CTD) is a chemical constituent derived from Mylabris and has good antitumor effects, but its clinical use is restricted by its inherent toxicity. However, few researches have reported its reproductive toxicity and mechanisms. This study aims to assess CTD's toxicity on mouse testes and the protective effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS). Briefly, biochemical analysis, histopathology, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were used to evaluate the oxidative damage of mouse testicular tissue after exposure to CTD and treatment by APS. Our research suggests a dramatic decrease in testicular index and serum testosterone levels after CTD exposure. The testis showed obvious oxidative damage accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial autophagy, the Nfr2-Keap1 pathway was inhibited, and the blood-testis barrier was destroyed. Notably, these changes were significantly improved after APS treatment. The internal mechanisms of APS ameliorate CTD-induced testicular oxidative damage in mice may be closely connected to regulatory the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway, restraining autophagy, and repairing the blood-testis barrier, providing theoretical support for further study on the reproductive toxicity mechanism of CTD and clinical treatments to ameliorate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xiao
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; School of Traditional Chinese medicine health preservation, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ruxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenchao Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Changfu Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Chiang CM, Chiu HY, Chang CS, Chien YY, Jong DS, Wu LS, Chiu CH. Role of kisspeptin on cell proliferation and steroidogenesis in luteal cells in vitro and in vivo. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:389-399. [PMID: 33784266 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin (KISS1) and kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) are essential gatekeepers of the reproductive system. The functions of KISS1 and KISS1R in corpus luteal cells remain ambiguous. The objective was to observe normal physiologic functions of corpus luteal cells in vivo and clarify the functions of KISS1 in vitro. METHODS We conducted an in vivo observation of cellular patterns as well as the levels of steroidogenic enzymes and KISS1/KISS1R in corpus luteal cells obtained from female crossbred Taiwan native goats in the estrous cycle; the observation was performed using hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. Subsequently, we used kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) to stimulate temperature sensitive-caprine luteal cell line (ts-CLC-D) cells to investigate the progesterone (P4) levels, steroidogenic messenger RNA (mRNA)/protein levels, cell survival rate, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and cell proliferation-related mRNA/protein levels in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in vitro by applying immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We observed the presence of proteins and mRNAs for STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B, KISS1, and KISS1R in the corpus luteal cells from goats in vivo. In vitro, the addition of Kp-10 reduced the P4 levels (p < 0.01) and increased cell proliferation (p < 0.05) of the ts-CLC-D cells. Furthermore, we found that the levels of proteins and mRNA for STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B decreased significantly when Kp-10 was added (p < 0.05). However, adding Kp-10 did not affect the mRNA levels for PLCG2, DAG1, PRKCA, KRAS, RAF1, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, MAPK3, MAPK1, and MAPK14. CONCLUSION We determined that KISS1 could affect the P4 levels, steroidogenesis, and cell proliferation in luteal cells. However, further research is required to clarify how KISS1 regulates proliferation and steroid production in luteal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Sheng Chang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Yun Chien
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - De-Shien Jong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leang-Shin Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
SummaryStudies have shown that daily exposure to different products, whether chemical or natural, can cause irreversible damage to women’s reproductive health. Therefore it is necessary to use tests that evaluate the safety and efficacy of these products. Most reproductive toxicology tests are performedin vivo. However, in recent years, various cell culture methods, including embryonic stem cells and tissues have been developed with the aim of reducing the use of animals in toxicological tests. This is a major advance in the area of toxicology, as these systems have the potential to become a widely used tool compared within vivotests routinely used in reproductive biology and toxicology. The present review describes and highlights data onin vitroculture processes used to evaluate reproductive toxicity as an alternative to traditional methods usingin vivotests.
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Seabrooks L, Hu L. Insects: an underrepresented resource for the discovery of biologically active natural products. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:409-426. [PMID: 28752026 PMCID: PMC5518667 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has been the source of life-changing and -saving medications for centuries. Aspirin, penicillin and morphine are prime examples of Nature׳s gifts to medicine. These discoveries catalyzed the field of natural product drug discovery which has mostly focused on plants. However, insects have more than twice the number of species and entomotherapy has been in practice for as long as and often in conjunction with medicinal plants and is an important alternative to modern medicine in many parts of the world. Herein, an overview of current traditional medicinal applications of insects and characterization of isolated biologically active molecules starting from approximately 2010 is presented. Insect natural products reviewed were isolated from ants, bees, wasps, beetles, cockroaches, termites, flies, true bugs, moths and more. Biological activities of these natural products from insects include antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
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Wu C, Han T, Lu H, Zhao B. The toxicology mechanism of endophytic fungus and swainsonine in locoweed. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 47:38-46. [PMID: 27606974 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Locoweed is a perennial herbaceous plant included in Astragalus spp. and Oxytropis spp. that contains the toxic indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine. The livestock that consume locoweed can suffer from a type of toxicity called locoism. There are aliphaticnitro compounds, selenium, selenium compounds, and alkaloids in locoweed. The toxic component in locoweed has been identified as swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid. Swainsonine inhibits lysosomal a-mannosidase and mannosidase II, resulting in altered oligosaccharide degradation and incomplete glycoprotein processing. Corresponding studies on endophytic fungi producing swainsonine have been isolated from a variety of locoweed, and these endophytic fungi and locoweed have a close relationship. Endophytic fungi can promote the growth of locoweed and increase swainsonine production. As a result, livestock that consume locoweed exhibit several symptoms, including dispirited behavior, staggering gait, chromatopsia, trembling, ataxia, and cellular vacuolar degeneration of most tissues by pathological observation. Locoism results in significant annual economic losses. Therefore, in this paper, we review the current research on locoweed, including that on locoweed species distribution in China, endophyte fungus in locoweed, the toxicology mechanism of locoweed, and the swainsonine effect on reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wu
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tiesuo Han
- Animal Health Center, Lanzhou Chia Tai Food Co., Ltd, Lanzhou 730200, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Puerto Galvis CE, Vargas Méndez LY, Kouznetsov VV. Cantharidin-Based Small Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 82:477-99. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E. Puerto Galvis
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular; Escuela de Química; Universidad Industrial de Santander; A.A. 678; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - Leonor Y. Vargas Méndez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Ambientales; Facultad de Química Ambiental; Universidad Santo Tomás; A. A. 1076; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - Vladimir V. Kouznetsov
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular; Escuela de Química; Universidad Industrial de Santander; A.A. 678; Bucaramanga; Colombia
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Huang Y, Li W, Zhao X, Ding L, Yu G, Dong F, Du Q, Xu X, Tong D. Swainsonine differentially affects steroidogenesis and viability in caprine luteal cells in vitro. Theriogenology 2013; 80:41-9. [PMID: 23639373 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plants containing swainsonine (SW) have been reported to impair reproductive function and fertility after long-term ingestion by livestock. However, direct effects of SW on luteal cell steroidogenesis remain unclear. In this study, primary and transfected luteal cells were used to investigate the effects of SW on progesterone secretion and cell viability and the mechanisms involved in these processes. After treatment with various concentrations of SW for 24 or 48 hours, progesterone production and the number of living cells were assessed using radioimmunoassay and trypan blue dye exclusion assay, respectively. Lower concentrations of SW enhanced basal, 22R-hydroxycholesterol- or pregnenolone-stimulated progesterone secretion (P < 0.05), whereas higher concentrations of SW inhibited progesterone secretion (P < 0.05). Lower concentrations of SW promoted expression of P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, two key enzymes involved in luteal cell steroidogenesis, at mRNA and protein levels (P < 0.05), but did not affect expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and cell proliferation. In contrast, higher concentrations of SW inhibited luteal cell proliferation by inducing growth phase 1/quiescent state cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (P < 0.05). Taken together, these results demonstrated that lower concentrations of SW induced progesterone production through upregulation of P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase without affecting cell viability, whereas higher concentrations of SW induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and impaired steroidogenesis. These findings provided new insights into understanding the effect of SW on luteal cell steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Establishment and evaluation of a stable steroidogenic caprine luteal cell line. Theriogenology 2012; 78:263-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Molecular Mechanism of Isocupressic Acid Supresses MA-10 Cell Steroidogenesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:190107. [PMID: 22666287 PMCID: PMC3361282 DOI: 10.1155/2012/190107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of ponderosa pine needles causes late-term abortions in cattle and is a serious poisonous plant problem in foothill and mountain rangelands. Isocupressic acid (IA) is the component of pine needles responsible for the abortifacient effect, its abortifacient effect may be due to inhibition of steroidogenesis. To investigate the more detail molecular mechanism, we used MA-10 cell, which is wild used to investigate molecular mechanism of steroidogenesis, to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of IA in more detail. In this report, we focus on the function of IA on important steroidogenic genes, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage (P450scc), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). We found that IA does not affect enzyme activities of these genes but inhibits transcription of P450scc and translation of StAR and P450scc through attenuating cAMP-PKA signaling. Thus, steroid productions of cells were suppressed.
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