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Chiu HY, Chiang CM, Kang YN, Chen CC, Wu CC, Chiu YH, Tang KP, Kao CC, Wei PL. Development of a social cognitive career theory scale for measuring the intention to select surgery as a career. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21685. [PMID: 38027609 PMCID: PMC10665719 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Surgeon shortages have emerged as a prominent global issue. Although various studies have explored the factors that influence medical students in choosing surgery as a career, addressing the need for surgeons requires a multifaceted approach. However, there is currently a lack of a theoretically grounded scale to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical career development or policy promotion. Thus, this study aimed to develop a questionnaire for assessing the preference for a surgical career by adopting the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). Materials and methods The study aimed to develop the Social Cognitive Career Theory Scale toward Surgery (SCCTSS) by adopting the framework of SCCT. The questionnaire was created through expert consensus and the content validity index (CVI) calculation. Subsequently, a pilot version of the SCCTSS was administered to 222 medical students in their clinical clerkships, and the collected data underwent item analysis. Additionally, the validation of the SCCTSS by gender was performed. Results The SCCTSS comprised 16 items that passed expert panel evaluation, with a CVI >0.8, mean ≥ 3.00, and an interquartile range ≤1. Item analysis demonstrated that the quality of the SCCTSS met the qualifying threshold. Furthermore, the SCCTSS questionnaire effectively validated gender differences in surgical career preference. Conclusions We developed an internally consistent and reliable scale and validated it through an expert panel method and feedback from medical students. Further research is required to evaluate the targeted interventions that may assist in recruiting medical students into the field of surgery through the application of the SCCTSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Section 3, Keelung Rd, Da'an District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, No.15, Chezi Rd., Xindian Dist., 23155, Taiwan
- Professional Master Program for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Education, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing Health Sciences, No.365, Ming-Te Rd, Peitou District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chen
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Wu
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chiu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, No. 410, Boucke Building, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kung-Pei Tang
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Early Childhood and Family Education, College of Education, National Taipei University of Education, No.134, Sec. 2, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chin Kao
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
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Su YA, Chiu HY, Chang YC, Sung CJ, Chen CW, Tei R, Huang XR, Hsu SC, Lin SS, Wang HC, Lin YC, Hsu JC, Bauer H, Feng Y, Baskin JM, Chang ZF, Liu YW. NME3 binds to phosphatidic acid and mediates PLD6-induced mitochondrial tethering. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202301091. [PMID: 37584589 PMCID: PMC10432850 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202301091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles regulated by fission and fusion processes. The fusion of membranes requires elaborative coordination of proteins and lipids and is particularly crucial for the function and quality control of mitochondria. Phosphatidic acid (PA) on the mitochondrial outer membrane generated by PLD6 facilitates the fusion of mitochondria. However, how PA promotes mitochondrial fusion remains unclear. Here, we show that a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, NME3, is required for PLD6-induced mitochondrial tethering or clustering. NME3 is enriched at the contact interface of two closely positioned mitochondria depending on PLD6, and NME3 binds directly to PA-exposed lipid packing defects via its N-terminal amphipathic helix. The PA binding function and hexamerization confer NME3 mitochondrial tethering activity. Importantly, nutrient starvation enhances the enrichment efficiency of NME3 at the mitochondrial contact interface, and the tethering ability of NME3 contributes to fusion efficiency. Together, our findings demonstrate NME3 as a tethering protein promoting selective fusion between PLD6-remodeled mitochondria for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-An Su
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ju Sung
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Reika Tei
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xuang-Rong Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Hsu
- Imaging Core, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Shan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chu Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hermann Bauer
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuxi Feng
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zee-Fen Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen YT, Chiu HY. Short-term Risks of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events associated with Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 37016979 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chen
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Taiwan
| | - H Y Chiu
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Taiwan
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Budi YP, Hsu MC, Lin YC, Lee YJ, Chiu HY, Chiu CH, Jiang YF. The injections of mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 during proestrus disrupt the progesterone secretion and the estrous cycle in the mouse. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2392. [PMID: 36765080 PMCID: PMC9918500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After ovulation, the mitochondrial enzyme CYP11A1 cleavage the cholesterol into pregnenolone for progesterone synthesis, suggesting that mitochondrial dynamics play a vital role in the female reproductive system. The changes in the mitochondria dynamics throughout the ovarian cycle have been reported in literature, but the correlation to its role in the ovarian cycle remains unclear. In this study, mitochondrial fusion promotor, M1, was used to study the impact of mitochondria dynamics in the female reproductive system. Our results showed that M1 treatment in mice can lead to the disruptions of estrous cycles in vagina smears. The decrease in serum LH was recorded in the animal. And the inhibitions of progesterone secretion and ovulations were observed in ovarian culture. Although no significant changes in mitochondrial networks were observed in the ovaries, significant up-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory complexes was revealed in M1 treatments through transcriptomic analysis. In contrast to the estrogen and steroid biosynthesis up-regulated in M1, the molecules of extracellular matrix, remodeling enzymes, and adhesion signalings were decreased. Collectively, our study provides novel targets to regulate the ovarian cycles through the mitochondria. However, more studies are still necessary to provide the functional connections between mitochondria and the female reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovita Permata Budi
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Rm. 104-1, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Jia Lee
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Jiang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Rm. 104-1, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Huang CC, Chiu HY, Lee PH, Fang SY, Lin MW, Chen HF, Lee JS. Mitochondrial transplantation attenuates traumatic neuropathic pain, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis in rats with nerve root ligation. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231210423. [PMID: 37845039 PMCID: PMC10605811 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231210423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic neuropathic pain (TNP) is caused by traumatic damage to the somatosensory system and induces the presentation of allodynia and hyperalgesia. Mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis are hallmarks in the pathogenesis of TNP. Recently, mitochondria-based therapy has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention for diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the therapeutic effectiveness of mitochondrial transplantation (MT) on TNP has rarely been investigated. Here, we validated the efficacy of MT in treating TNP. Both in vivo and in vitro TNP models by conducting an L5 spinal nerve ligation in rats and exposing the primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to capsaicin, respectively, were applied in this study. The MT was operated by administrating 100 µg of soleus-derived allogeneic mitochondria into the ipsilateral L5 DRG in vivo and the culture medium in vitro. Results showed that the viable transplanted mitochondria migrated into the rats' spinal cord and sciatic nerve. MT alleviated the nerve ligation-induced mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity. The nerve ligation-induced glial activation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the spinal cord were also repressed by MT. Consistently, exogenous mitochondria reversed the capsaicin-induced reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the primary DRG neurons in vitro. Our findings suggest that MT mitigates the spinal nerve ligation-induced apoptosis and neuroinflammation, potentially playing a role in providing neuroprotection against TNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chen Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital and E-Da Cancer Hospital Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, I-Shou University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chiang CM, Chiu HY, Chang CS, Chien YY, Jong DS, Wu LS, Chiu CH. Role of kisspeptin on cell proliferation and steroidogenesis in luteal cells in vitro and in vivo. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:389-399. [PMID: 33784266 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin (KISS1) and kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) are essential gatekeepers of the reproductive system. The functions of KISS1 and KISS1R in corpus luteal cells remain ambiguous. The objective was to observe normal physiologic functions of corpus luteal cells in vivo and clarify the functions of KISS1 in vitro. METHODS We conducted an in vivo observation of cellular patterns as well as the levels of steroidogenic enzymes and KISS1/KISS1R in corpus luteal cells obtained from female crossbred Taiwan native goats in the estrous cycle; the observation was performed using hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. Subsequently, we used kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) to stimulate temperature sensitive-caprine luteal cell line (ts-CLC-D) cells to investigate the progesterone (P4) levels, steroidogenic messenger RNA (mRNA)/protein levels, cell survival rate, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and cell proliferation-related mRNA/protein levels in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in vitro by applying immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We observed the presence of proteins and mRNAs for STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B, KISS1, and KISS1R in the corpus luteal cells from goats in vivo. In vitro, the addition of Kp-10 reduced the P4 levels (p < 0.01) and increased cell proliferation (p < 0.05) of the ts-CLC-D cells. Furthermore, we found that the levels of proteins and mRNA for STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B decreased significantly when Kp-10 was added (p < 0.05). However, adding Kp-10 did not affect the mRNA levels for PLCG2, DAG1, PRKCA, KRAS, RAF1, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, MAPK3, MAPK1, and MAPK14. CONCLUSION We determined that KISS1 could affect the P4 levels, steroidogenesis, and cell proliferation in luteal cells. However, further research is required to clarify how KISS1 regulates proliferation and steroid production in luteal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Sheng Chang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Yun Chien
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - De-Shien Jong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leang-Shin Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Huang KC, Li JC, Wang SM, Cheng CH, Yeh CH, Lin LS, Chiu HY, Chang CY, Chuu JJ. The effects of carbon monoxide releasing molecules on paraquat-induced pulmonary interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Toxicology 2021; 456:152750. [PMID: 33737140 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat, an herbicide used extensively worldwide, can cause severe toxicity in humans and animals, leading to irreversible, lethal lung fibrosis. The potential of CO-releasing molecules (CORMs), substances that release CO (Carbon monoxide) within animal tissues, for treating paraquat-induced ROS generation and inflammation is investigated here. Our results show that the fast CO releaser CORM-3 (4-20 μM) acts as a potential scavenger of free radicals and decreases fibrosis progression by inhibiting paraquat-induced overexpression of connective tissue growth factor and angiotensin II in MRC-5 cells. The slow CO releaser CORM-A1 (5 mg/kg) clearly decreased expression of the lung profibrogenic cytokines COX-2, TNF-α, and α-SMA and serum hydroxyproline, resulting in a lower mortality rate in paraquat-treated mice. Mice treated with higher-dose CORM-A1 (10 mg/kg) had relatively intact lung lobes and fewer fibrotic patches by gross observation, with less collagen deposition, mesangial matrix accumulation, and pulmonary fibrosis resulting from the mitigation of TGF-β overexpression. In conclusion, our data demonstrate for the first time that CORM-A1 alleviated the development of the fibrotic process and improved survival rate in mice exposed to PQ, would be an attractive therapeutic approach to attenuate the progression of pulmonary fibrosis following PQ exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ching Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Hospital, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chen Li
- Pharmacy Department, Wei-Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Yeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Syun Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for General Education, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Jiunn-Jye Chuu
- Pharmacy Department, Wei-Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin and its receptor KISS1R have been found to be essential regulators of reproductive function. Previous data have revealed the presence of Kiss1 and Kiss1r mRNAs in the hypothalamus and the testis of humans and rodents. However, the precise location and possible physiological role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in the testis remain ambiguous. METHODS We first produced an anti-KISS1R immunoglobulin Y antibody for KISS1R identification. To detect the exact sites of KISS1R and kisspeptin expression in the testis, we conducted immunohistochemistry assays on sections of testes. We used real-time polymerase chain reactions to identify Kiss1r in mice and to determine the expression levels of testicular genes. Finally, to verify the upstream regulation on the Kisspeptin/KISS1 receptor system, we treated primary mouse Leydig cells and MA-10 cells with luteinizing hormone (LH) and Br-cAMP, respectively, and examined Kiss1 and Kiss1r mRNA expression. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry assays revealed that kisspeptin was expressed in Leydig cells and KISS1R was localized in the seminiferous tubules. With real-time polymerase chain reactions, we found Kiss1r mRNA was constitutively expressed in the mouse testis from birth until the postnatal fourth week. Furthermore, mRNA expression of Kiss1 was synchronized with that of Insl3 and Cyp19a. However, the expression of the LH receptor-encoding gene increased 1 week earlier than did Kiss1 expression. This indicated that the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in the testis may be controlled by LH and cAMP signaling pathways. Finally, we confirmed that Kiss1 mRNA expression was increased in both LH-treated primary Leydig cells and Br-cAMP-treated MA-10 cells (p < 0.05). On the other hand, cotreatment of both cell lines with Br-cAMP and a protein kinase A inhibitor RP-cAMP significantly suppressed 50% of Br-cAMP-induced Kiss1 expression (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION We discovered that Kiss1 expression in mouse Leydig cells was induced by LH through the cAMP/PKA pathway. Based on the presence of kisspeptin receptors on spermatids, we inferred that kisspeptin- and development-related factors have synergistic effects on spermatogenesis. Nevertheless, more studies are required to elaborate the role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in testicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Professional Master Program for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - De-Shien Jong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leang-Shin Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yue-Jia Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chiang CM, Chiu HY, Jong DS, Wu LS, Lee YJ, Chiu CH. Role of the Kisspeptin/KISS1 Receptor System in the Testicular Development of Mice. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; Publish Ahead of Print. [PMID: 33044408 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin and its receptor KISS1R have been found to be essential regulators of reproductive function. Previous data have revealed the presence of Kiss1 and Kiss1r mRNAs in the hypothalamus and the testis of humans and rodents. However, the precise location and possible physiological role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in the testis remain ambiguous. METHODS We first produced an anti-KISS1R immunoglobulin Y antibody for KISS1R identification. To detect the exact sites of KISS1R and kisspeptin expression in the testis, we conducted immunohistochemistry assays on sections of testes. We used real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR) to identify Kiss1r in mice and to determine the expression levels of testicular genes. Finally, to verify the upstream regulation on the Kisspeptin/KISS1 receptor system, we treated primary mouse Leydig cells and MA-10 cells with luteinizing hormone (LH) and Br-cAMP, respectively and examined Kiss1 and Kiss1r mRNA expression. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry assays revealed that kisspeptin was expressed in Leydig cells and KISS1R was localized in the seminiferous tubules. With real-time PCR, we found Kiss1r mRNA was constitutively expressed in the mouse testis from birth until the postnatal fourth week. Furthermore, mRNA expression of Kiss1 was synchronized with that of Insl3 and Cyp19a. However, the expression of the LH receptor-encoding gene increased 1 week earlier than did Kiss1 expression. This indicated that the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in the testis may be controlled by LH and cAMP signaling pathways. Finally, we confirmed that Kiss1 mRNA expression was increased in both LH-treated primary Leydig cells and Br-cAMP-treated MA-10 cells (p < 0.05). On the other hand, cotreatment of both cell lines with Br-cAMP and a protein kinase A inhibitor RP-cAMP significantly suppressed 50% of Br-cAMP-induced Kiss1 expression (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION We discovered that Kiss1 expression in mouse Leydig cells was induced by LH through the cAMP/PKA pathway. Based on the presence of kisspeptin receptors on spermatids, we inferred that kisspeptin and development-related factors have synergistic effects on spermatogenesis. Nevertheless, more studies are required to elaborate the role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in testicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
- Professional Master Program for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - De-Shien Jong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leang-Shin Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yue-Jia Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chiu HY, Chiang CM, Yeh SP, Jong DS, Wu LS, Liu HC, Chiu CH. Effects of hyperinsulinemia on acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor via the PI3K/AKT pathway in non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:206. [PMID: 32963612 PMCID: PMC7491043 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with lung cancer harboring activating epidermal growth factor (EGFR) mutations and pre-existing diabetes have been demonstrated to exhibit poor responses to first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Strategies for the management of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are urgently required. Only a limited number of studies have been published to date on the effects of insulin on EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia in mediating gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells with activating EGFR mutations. In the present study, the HCC4006 cell line, which harbors EGFR mutations, was co-treated with gefitinib and long-acting insulin glargine. Whether hyperinsulinemia is able to mediate EGFR-TKI resistance in the NSCLC cell line harboring activating EGFR mutations was also investigated, and the possible underlying mechanisms responsible for these actions were explored. The inhibition of cell proliferation, and the potential mechanism of gefitinib resistance, were examined using an MTS proliferation assay and western blot analysis, and through the transfection of siRNAs. Whether the inhibition of AKT is able to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance induced by long-acting insulin was also investigated. The results obtained suggested that hyperinsulinemia induced by glargine upregulated NSCLC cell proliferation and survival, and induced gefitinib resistance. By contrast, the morphology and proliferation of the cells in a medium containing a 2-fold concentration of glucose were not significantly affected. Gefitinib resistance induced by hyperinsulinemia may have been mediated via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway rather than the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway. AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 knockdown by siRNA rescued the gefitinib resistance that was induced by hyperinsulinemia. In conclusion, hyperinsulinemia, but not hyperglycemia, was identified to cause the development of gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells with activating EGFR mutations. However, additional studies are required to investigate strategies, such as co targeting hyperinsulinemia and the PI3K/AKT pathway, for overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Szu-Peng Yeh
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - De-Shien Jong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Leang-Shin Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Chang Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital (Tamsui Branch), New Taipei City 251, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Ting HW, Chung SL, Chen CF, Chiu HY, Hsieh YW. A drug identification model developed using deep learning technologies: experience of a medical center in Taiwan. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:312. [PMID: 32293426 PMCID: PMC7158008 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05166-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Issuing of correct prescriptions is a foundation of patient safety. Medication errors represent one of the most important problems in health care, with 'look-alike and sound-alike' (LASA) being the lead error. Existing solutions to prevent LASA still have their limitations. Deep learning techniques have revolutionized identification classifiers in many fields. In search of better image-based solutions for blister package identification problem, this study using a baseline deep learning drug identification (DLDI) aims to understand how identification confusion of look-alike images by human occurs through the cognitive counterpart of deep learning solutions and thereof to suggest further solutions to approach them. METHODS We collected images of 250 types of blister-packaged drug from the Out-Patient Department (OPD) of a medical center for identification. The deep learning framework of You Only Look Once (YOLO) was adopted for implementation of the proposed deep learning. The commonly-used F1 score, defined by precision and recall for large numbers of identification tests, was used as the performance criterion. This study trained and compared the proposed models based on images of either the front-side or back-side of blister-packaged drugs. RESULTS Our results showed that the total training time for the front-side model and back-side model was 5 h 34 min and 7 h 42 min, respectively. The F1 score of the back-side model (95.99%) was better than that of the front-side model (93.72%). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study constructed a deep learning-based model for blister-packaged drug identification, with an accuracy greater than 90%. This model outperformed identification using conventional computer vision solutions, and could assist pharmacists in identifying drugs while preventing medication errors caused by look-alike blister packages. By integration into existing prescription systems in hospitals, the results of this study indicated that using this model, drugs dispensed could be verified in order to achieve automated prescription and dispensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Wei Ting
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Luen Chung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Fang Chen
- Pharmaceutical Department, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd, Taipei City, 10449, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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Chiu HY, Kang YN, Wang WL, Chen CC, Hsu W, Tseng MF, Wei PL. The Role of Active Engagement of Peer Observation in the Acquisition of Surgical Skills in Virtual Reality Tasks for Novices. J Surg Educ 2019; 76:1655-1662. [PMID: 31130508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peer-assisted learning has been regarded as an adjunct to teaching modalities. It remains inconclusive regarding the benefits of peer observation in skills learning. Hence, we investigated whether the active engagement (AE) of peer observation in addition to expert demonstration would facilitate the performance in the virtual reality (VR) tasks. SETTING/DESIGN The programs involved 4 VR tasks including basic (camera targeting), intermediate (energy dissection and energy switching), and advanced (suture sponge) tasks in the da Vinci Skills Simulators, which were set up in the operating room at Taipei Medical University Hospital. Fifty medical students participated in the study. The AE of the participants was defined as the total number of peer observations in addition to expert observation before their performance. We assessed the correlations between AE and surgical task performance using Pearson correlation and the concept of learning analytics. PARTICIPANTS Medical students (sixth-year students in Taiwan, equivalent to fourth-year students in the US system) from Taipei Medical University were recruited. RESULTS AE was correlated with the energy dissection task (r = 0.329, p = 0.02) and marginally associated with the energy switching task (r = 0.271, p = 0.057). However, AE was not correlated with either task scores for camera targeting (r = 0.096, p = 0.509) or task scores for suture sponge (r = -0.091, p = 0.529). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that AE of peer observation may facilitate learning energy dissection task, which is an intermediate-level task, but not in other basic or advanced tasks in a VR context. The study highlights the potential effect of AE of peer observation on surgical learning based on a distinct level of tasks. Tasks that fit the learners' level are recommended. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of peer observation on surgical training still has to be explored to ensure favorable results and optimal learning outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chen
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Hsu
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Feng Tseng
- Center for General Education, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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13
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Chiu HY, Kang YN, Wang WL, Tong YS, Chang SW, Fong TH, Wei PL. Gender differences in the acquisition of suturing skills with the da Vinci surgical system. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:462-470. [PMID: 31300325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The percentage of female medical students has been significant elevating worldwide. The demographic shift is expected to influence the proportion of male versus female surgeons soon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gender differences in the acquisition of robotic suturing skills. METHODS We compared the robotic suturing performance between 39 male and 19 female medical students. We separated the training into two parts: phase I, involving virtual reality (VR) robotic simulation, and phase II, involving robotic dry-laboratory simulation training. Participants first conducted step-by-step exercises on the VR robotic simulator and then the robotic skin-suturing pad using the da Vinci robot. RESULTS The metric analysis of the VR task "suture sponge" showed that female students required less time (difference: -170.7 seconds, 95% CI: -247.4 to -94.0) and had fewer errors (error difference: -50, 95% CI: -74.2 to -25.8) to complete the suture sponge exercise compared to male students. Moreover, female students completed more stitches than male students (differences in mean stitch achieved: .35; 95% CI: .06 to .65). However, there was no difference in the quality scores of stitches by gender (p = 0.85). CONCLUSION Female medical students performed better in the VR task of suture spongy and achieved more stitches than male students with the da Vinci system despite no difference in robotic suture quality by gender. Because this is the first study comparing gender performance on a robotic platform, further studies are required to investigate if different training approaches will affect the performance by gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yiu-Shun Tong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Wei Chang
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Tsorng-Harn Fong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen CY, Hung HC, Chiu HY, Wei PL, Kuo PL, Chiou JF, Preininger A, Dankwa-Mullan I, Kefayati S, Solomon M, Jackson G, Rhee K, Yen Y. Enhancing evidence-based medicine skills in oncology training with cognitive technology. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.10532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
10532 Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) requires applying literature evidence to inform practice. Students from Taipei Medical University Hospital, trained in EBM concepts, participated in a preliminary study using Watson for Oncology (WfO), an evidence-based decision-support system to enhance the EBM skills of medical students. Methods: A class of 50 medical students compared traditional search methods (TSM) and WfO in a workshop divided into 2 sequential sessions on colon and lung cancer, respectively. All students were trained on WfO, and 2 groups of 25 students each were randomly assigned to either TSM or WfO in the first session. Those groups were then assigned to the alternate approach in the second session. Students completed a profile that included their clinical experience with each cancer type. Students used either WfO or TSM to help answer a series of questions related to colon or lung cancer. Students then completed a survey of attitudes towards the technology, followed by a constructed-response learning assessment without the aid of TSM or WfO. Assessments were scored and results compared using a Mann-Whitney U Test; outcomes at two different experience levels, based on student profiles, were compared using a Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: In this preliminary study, more than 70% of students reported limited clinical experience with either cancer. On the colon cancer assessment, students in the WfO group performed significantly better than the TSM group ( p = 0.0001); there was no significant difference detected for lung cancer. Students with more clinical experience felt that TSM was easier to learn than WfO ( p= 0.005); students with less experience felt that WfO was clearer and more understandable than TSM ( p= 0.002). Conclusions: These preliminary results are consistent with better learning outcomes for students using WfO in the colon cancer module. Students with more clinic experience reported that TSM was easier to learn than WfO, however it is unknown if this might be due to a potentially greater familiarity with TSM in this more experienced group. More studies are needed to determine what features, if any, of WfO can facilitate EBM approaches in oncology education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-You Chen
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Hung
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pih-Lian Kuo
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fong Chiou
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyu Rhee
- IBM Watson Health, Southbury, CT
| | - Yun Yen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Gößl D, Singer H, Chiu HY, Schmidt A, Lichtnecker M, Engelke H, Bein T. Highly active enzymes immobilized in large pore colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04585b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase and horseradish peroxidase are immobilized inside the ordered material by click reactions. Colorimetric assays prove their catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothée Gößl
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Helena Singer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Alexandra Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Martina Lichtnecker
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Hanna Engelke
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
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Chiu HY, Kang YN. Response. Chest 2018; 154:995-996. [PMID: 30290945 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chiu HY, Kang YN, Wang WL, Huang HC, Wu CC, Hsu W, Tong YS, Wei PL. The Effectiveness of a Simulation-Based Flipped Classroom in the Acquisition of Laparoscopic Suturing Skills in Medical Students-A Pilot Study. J Surg Educ 2018; 75:326-332. [PMID: 28734948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a simulation-based flipped classroom in gaining the laparoscopic skills in medical students. DESIGN An intervention trial. SETTING Taipei Medical University Hospital, an academic teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Fifty-nine medical students participating in a 1-hour laparoscopic skill training session were randomly assigned to a conventional classroom (n = 29) or a flipped classroom approach (n = 30) based on their registered order. At the end of the session, instructors assessed participants' performance in laparoscopic suturing and intracorporeal knot-tying using the assessment checklist based on a modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills tool. RESULTS Students in the flipped group completed more numbers of stitches (mean [M] = 0.47; standard deviation [SD] = 0.507) than those in the conventional group (M = 0.10; SD = 0.310) (mean difference: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.114-582; p = 0.002). Moreover, students in the flipped group also had higher stitch quality scores (M = 7.17; SD = 2.730) than those in the conventional group (M = 5.14; SD = 1.767) (mean difference = 2.03; 95% CI: 0.83-3.228; p = 0.001). Meanwhile, students in the flipped group had higher pass rates for the second throw (p < 0.001), third throw (p = 0.002), appropriate tissue reapproximation without loosening or strangulation (p < 0.001), needle cut from suture under direct visualization (p = 0.004), and needle safely removed under direct visualization (p = 0.018) than those in the conventional group. CONCLUSIONS Comparing with traditional approach, a simulation-based flipped classroom approach may improve laparoscopic intracorporeal knot-tying skill acquisition in medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chang Huang
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Wu
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Hsu
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yiu-Shun Tong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Translational Laboratory, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chang SH, Kang YN, Chiu HY, Chiu YH. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Pigtail Catheter and Chest Tube as the Initial Treatment for Pneumothorax. Chest 2018; 153:1201-1212. [PMID: 29452099 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal initial treatment approach for pneumothorax remains controversial. This systemic review and meta-analysis investigated the effectiveness of small-bore pigtail catheter (PC) drainage compared with that of large-bore chest tube (LBCT) drainage as the initial treatment approach for all subtypes of pneumothorax. METHODS PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for observational studies and randomized controlled trials published up to October 9, 2017, that compared PC and LBCT as the initial treatment for pneumothorax. The investigative outcomes included success rates, recurrence rates, complication rates, drainage duration, and hospital stay. RESULTS Of the 11 included studies (875 patients), the success rate was similar in the PC (79.84%) and LBCT (82.87%) groups, with a risk ratio of 0.99 (95% CI, 0.93 to 1.05; I2 = 0%). Specifically, PC drainage was associated with a significantly lower complication rate following spontaneous pneumothorax than LBCT drainage (Peto odds ratio: 0.49 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.85]; I2 = 29%). In the spontaneous subgroup, PC drainage was associated with a significantly shorter drainage duration (mean difference, -1.51 [95% CI, -2.93 to -0.09]) and hospital stay (mean difference: -2.54 [95% CI, -3.16 to -1.92]; P < .001) than the LBCT group. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, results of the meta-analysis suggest PC drainage may be considered as the initial treatment option for patients with primary or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. Ideally, randomized controlled trials are needed to compare PC vs LBCT among different subgroups of patients with pneumothorax, which may ultimately improve clinical care and management for these patients. TRIAL REGISTRY PROSPERO; No.: CRD42017078481; URL: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Huan Chang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Han Chiu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Chiu HY, Bates JA, Helma J, Engelke H, Harz H, Bein T, Leonhardt H. Nanoparticle mediated delivery and small molecule triggered activation of proteins in the nucleus. Nucleus 2018; 9:530-542. [PMID: 30217128 PMCID: PMC6244737 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1523665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein transfection is a versatile tool to study or manipulate cellular processes and also shows great therapeutic potential. However, the repertoire of cost effective techniques for efficient and minimally cytotoxic delivery remains limited. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are multifunctional nanocarriers for cellular delivery of a wide range of molecules, they are simple and economical to synthesize and have shown great promise for protein delivery. In this work we present a general strategy to optimize the delivery of active protein to the nucleus. We generated a bimolecular Venus based optical sensor that exclusively detects active and bioavailable protein for the performance of multi-parameter optimization of protein delivery. In conjunction with cell viability tests we maximized MSN protein delivery and biocompatibility and achieved highly efficient protein transfection rates of 80%. Using the sensor to measure live-cell protein delivery kinetics, we observed heterogeneous timings within cell populations which could have a confounding effect on function studies. To address this problem we fused a split or dimerization dependent protein of interest to chemically induced dimerization (CID) components, permitting control over its activity following cellular delivery. Using the split Venus protein we directly show that addition of a small molecule dimerizer causes synchronous activation of the delivered protein across the entire cell population. This combination of cellular delivery and triggered activation provides a defined starting point for functional studies and could be applied to other protein transfection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- a Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Munich , Germany
| | - Jack A Bates
- b Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Planegg-Martinsried , Germany
| | - Jonas Helma
- b Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Planegg-Martinsried , Germany
| | - Hanna Engelke
- a Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Munich , Germany
| | - Hartmann Harz
- b Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Planegg-Martinsried , Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- a Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Munich , Germany
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- b Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) , Planegg-Martinsried , Germany
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Chiu HY, Leonhardt H, Bein T. Synthesis and Functionalization of Ordered Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. CHEM-ING-TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201700021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- University of Munich (LMU); Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS); Butenandtstraße 5 - 13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- University of Munich (LMU); Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM); Großhaderner Straße 2 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- University of Munich (LMU); Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS); Butenandtstraße 5 - 13 81377 Munich Germany
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Fan KL, Leung LP, Poon HT, Chiu HY, Liu HL, Tang WY. Public knowledge of how to use an automatic external defibrillator in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22:582-8. [PMID: 27795448 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj164896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong is low. A long delay between collapse and defibrillation is a contributing factor. Public access to defibrillation may shorten this delay. It is unknown, however, whether Hong Kong's public is willing or able to use an automatic external defibrillator. This study aimed to evaluate public knowledge of how to use an automatic external defibrillator in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. METHODS A face-to-face semi-structured questionnaire survey of the public was conducted in six locations with a high pedestrian flow in Hong Kong. RESULTS In this study, 401 members of the public were interviewed. Most had no training in first aid (65.8%) or in use of an automatic external defibrillator (85.3%). Nearly all (96.5%) would call for help for a victim of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest but only 18.0% would use an automatic external defibrillator. Public knowledge of automatic external defibrillator use was low: 77.6% did not know the location of an automatic external defibrillator in the vicinity of their home or workplace. People who had ever been trained in both first aid and use of an automatic external defibrillator were more likely to respond to and help a victim of cardiac arrest, and to use an automatic external defibrillator. CONCLUSION Public knowledge of automatic external defibrillator use is low in Hong Kong. A combination of training in first aid and in the use of an automatic external defibrillator is better than either one alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Fan
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - L P Leung
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - H T Poon
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - H Y Chiu
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - H L Liu
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - W Y Tang
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Chiu HY, Pai TY, Liu MH, Chang CA, Lo FC, Chang TC, Lo HM, Chiang CF, Chao KP, Lo WY, Lo SW, Chu YL. Electricity production from municipal solid waste using microbial fuel cells. Waste Manag Res 2016; 34:619-629. [PMID: 27231132 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x16649681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The organic content of municipal solid waste has long been an attractive source of renewable energy, mainly as a solid fuel in waste-to-energy plants. This study focuses on the potential to use microbial fuel cells to convert municipal solid waste organics into energy using various operational conditions. The results showed that two-chamber microbial fuel cells with carbon felt and carbon felt allocation had a higher maximal power density (20.12 and 30.47 mW m(-2) for 1.5 and 4 L, respectively) than those of other electrode plate allocations. Most two-chamber microbial fuel cells (1.5 and 4 L) had a higher maximal power density than single-chamber ones with corresponding electrode plate allocations. Municipal solid waste with alkali hydrolysis pre-treatment and K3Fe(CN)6 as an electron acceptor improved the maximal power density to 1817.88 mW m(-2) (~0.49% coulomb efficiency, from 0.05-0.49%). The maximal power density from experiments using individual 1.5 and 4 L two-chamber microbial fuel cells, and serial and parallel connections of 1.5 and 4 L two-chamber microbial fuel cells, was found to be in the order of individual 4 L (30.47 mW m(-2)) > serial connection of 1.5 and 4 L (27.75) > individual 1.5 L (20.12) > parallel connection of 1.5 and 4 L (17.04) two-chamber microbial fuel cells . The power density using municipal solid waste microbial fuel cells was compared with information in the literature and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chiu
- Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - T Y Pai
- National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - M H Liu
- Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C A Chang
- Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - F C Lo
- National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - T C Chang
- National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - H M Lo
- Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C F Chiang
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - K P Chao
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - W Y Lo
- Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - S W Lo
- National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Y L Chu
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chiu HY, Deng W, Engelke H, Helma J, Leonhardt H, Bein T. Intracellular chromobody delivery by mesoporous silica nanoparticles for antigen targeting and visualization in real time. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25019. [PMID: 27173765 PMCID: PMC4865863 DOI: 10.1038/srep25019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromobodies have recently drawn great attention as bioimaging nanotools. They offer high antigen binding specificity and affinity comparable to conventional antibodies, but much smaller size and higher stability. Chromobodies can be used in live cell imaging for specific spatio-temporal visualization of cellular processes. To date, functional application of chromobodies requires lengthy genetic manipulation of the target cell. Here, we develop multifunctional large-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as nanocarriers to directly transport chromobodies into living cells for antigen-visualization in real time. The multifunctional large-pore MSNs feature high loading capacity for chromobodies, and are efficiently taken up by cells. By functionalizing the internal MSN surface with nitrilotriacetic acid-metal ion complexes, we can control the release of His6-tagged chromobodies from MSNs in acidified endosomes and observe successful chromobody-antigen binding in the cytosol. Hence, by combining the two nanotools, chromobodies and MSNs, we establish a new powerful approach for chromobody applications in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Grosshadernerstrasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hanna Engelke
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jonas Helma
- Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Grosshadernerstrasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- Department of Biology II and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Grosshadernerstrasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
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Lin SY, Chiu HY, Chiang BL, Hu YC. Development of EV71 virus-like particle purification processes. Vaccine 2015; 33:5966-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lo HM, Chiu HY, Lo SW, Lo FC. Effects of different SRT on anaerobic digestion of MSW dosed with various MSWI ashes. Bioresour Technol 2012; 125:233-238. [PMID: 23026339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated different solid retention time (SRT) on municipal solid waste (MSW) anaerobic digestion with various MSW incinerator fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) addition. Results showed that biogas production rates (BPRs, ≈ 200 to ≈ 400 mL/gVS) with organic loading rate of ≈ 0.053 gVS/gVS(reactor) (Day 1-435, SRT 20 days, SRT20) at FA 1g/d (FA1), BA 12 g/d (BA12) and BA 24 g/d (BA24) dosed bioreactors increased after adaptation. BPRs with SRT10 and SRT5 decreased while BPRs with SRT40 showed to increase compared to initial BPRs (≈ 200 mL/gVS) with SRT20. SRT5 operation reduced the BPRs (≈ 10 - ≈ 90 mL/gVS) significantly and only BA12 and BA24 dosed bioreactors could recover the BPRs (≈ 100 - ≈ 200 mL/gVS) after SRT20 operation (Day 613-617) compared to FA1 and FA3 and control. Released levels of Co, Mo and W at BA12 and BA24 dosed bioreactors showed most potential to improve MSW anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, 168, Gifeng E. Rd., Wufeng District, Taichung 41349, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chua HH, Chiu HY, Lin SJ, Weng PL, Lin JH, Wu SW, Tsai SC, Tsai CH. p53 and Sp1 cooperate to regulate the expression of Epstein-Barr viral Zta protein. J Med Virol 2012; 84:1279-88. [PMID: 22711357 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) belongs to the gammaherpesvirus family. To produce infectious progeny, EBV reactivates from latency into the lytic cycle by expressing the determinative lytic transactivator, Zta. In the presence of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), p53 is a prerequisite for the initiation of the EBV lytic cycle by facilitating the expression of Zta. In this study, a serial mutational analysis of Zta promoter (Zp) indicated an important role for the ZID element in responding to HDACi induction and p53 binds to this ZID element together with Sp1, a universal transcription factor. Abolition of the DNA-binding ability of Sp1 reduces the inducibility of ZID by HDACi and also reduces the amount of p53 binding to ZID. Finally, it was shown that EBV in p53-positive-lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) can enter into the lytic cycle spontaneously; however, knockdown of p53 in LCLs leads to retardation of EBV reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Huey Chua
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lu CH, Lin KJ, Chiu HY, Chen CY, Yen TC, Hwang SM, Chang YH, Hu YC. Improved chondrogenesis and engineered cartilage formation from TGF-β3-expressing adipose-derived stem cells cultured in the rotating-shaft bioreactor. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2114-24. [PMID: 22712565 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have captured growing interests for cartilage regeneration. Although ASCs chondrogenesis can be stimulated by genetic modification, whether genetically engineered ASCs hold promise for the cartilaginous tissue formation remains to be explored. Since baculovirus (an emerging gene delivery vector) effectively transduced ASCs and transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3) was recently shown to induce ASCs chondrogenesis more potently than TGF-β1, we constructed a baculoviral vector (Bac-CT3W) to encode TGF-β3. The Bac-CT3W-transduced ASCs expressed TGF-β3 robustly and substantiated the chondrogenesis of ASCs cultured in monolayer and in porous scaffolds. Culture of the transduced cell/scaffold constructs in the rotating-shaft bioreactor (RSB) under hypoxic and perfusion conditions for 2 weeks further augmented the ASCs chondrogenesis and deposition of cartilage-specific collagen II and glycosaminoglycans, leading to the formation of cartilage-like tissues with hyaline appearance and compressive modulus approaching 62% of the native articular cartilage. Intriguingly, prolonged culture to 3 or 4 weeks failed to further augment the construct growth, probably due to the scaffold degradation. Altogether, baculovirus-mediated TGF-β3 expression in ASCs in conjunction with dynamic culture in the RSB for 2 weeks synergistically ameliorated the ASCs chondrogenesis and formation of cartilaginous tissues, representing a novel approach to producing engineered cartilages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Chiu HY, Cheng YP, Jee SH, Tsai TF. Erlotinib-induced generalized eczema craquelé and follicular rash sparing the previous radiation field. Clin Exp Dermatol 2012; 37:922-4. [PMID: 22731795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2012.04415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lo HM, Chiu HY, Lo SW, Lo FC. Effects of micro-nano and non micro-nano MSWI ashes addition on MSW anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 2012; 114:90-94. [PMID: 22449987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the effects of micro-nano municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator (MSWI) fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) on the MSW anaerobic digestion. Results showed that suitable micro-nano and non micro-nano MSWI ashes addition (FA/MSW 3, 6, 18 and 30 g g(-1) VS and BA/MSW 12, 36, 60 and 120 g g(-1) VS) could enhance the biogas production compared to the control. It was particularly found to have the highest biogas production at the micro-nano MSWI BA/MSW ratio of 36 g g(-1) VS (∼193 mL g(-1) VS MSW, ∼3.5 times to the control). Micro-nano MSWI FA and BA added bioreactors had the higher biogas production than the corresponding non micro-nano MSWI FA and BA added ones. Suitable MSWI ashes addition could improve the biogas production due to the released metals levels suitable for the MSW anaerobic digestion particularly found in the micro-nano added bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, 168, Gifeng E. Rd., Wufeng District, Taichung 41349, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lo HM, Chiang CF, Tsao HC, Pai TY, Liu MH, Kurniawan TA, Chao KP, Liou CT, Lin KC, Chang CY, Wang SC, Banks CJ, Lin CY, Liu WF, Chen PH, Chen CK, Chiu HY, Wu HY, Chao TW, Chen YR, Liou DW, Lo FC. Effects of spiked metals on the MSW anaerobic digestion. Waste Manag Res 2012; 30:32-48. [PMID: 20880938 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x10383079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight metals on the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) in bioreactors. Anaerobic bioreactors containing 200 mL MSW mixed completely with 200 m L sludge seeding. Ca and K (0, 1000, 2000 and 6,000 mg L(-1)) and Cr, Ni, Zn, Co, Mo and W (0, 5, 50 and 100 mg L(-1)) of various dose were added to anaerobic bioreactors to examine their anaerobic digestion performance. Results showed that except K and Zn, Ca (~728 to ~1,461 mg L(-1)), Cr (~0.0022 to ~0.0212 mg L(-1)), Ni (~0.801 to ~5.362 mg L(-1)), Co (~0.148 to ~0.580 mg L(-1)), Mo (~0.044 to ~52.94 mg L(-1)) and W (~0.658 to ~40.39 mg L(-1)) had the potential to enhance the biogas production. On the other hand, except Mo and W, inhibitory concentrations IC(50) of Ca, K, Cr, Ni, Zn and Co were found to be ~3252, ~2097, ~0.124, ~7.239, ~0.482, ~8.625 mg L(-1), respectively. Eight spiked metals showed that they were adsorbed by MSW to a different extent resulting in different liquid metals levels and potential stimulation and inhibition on MSW anaerobic digestion. These results were discussed and compared to results from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and anagement, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong Township, Taichung County, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lo HM, Kurniawan TA, Sillanpää MET, Pai TY, Chiang CF, Chao KP, Liu MH, Chuang SH, Banks CJ, Wang SC, Lin KC, Lin CY, Liu WF, Cheng PH, Chen CK, Chiu HY, Wu HY. Modeling biogas production from organic fraction of MSW co-digested with MSWI ashes in anaerobic bioreactors. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:6329-6335. [PMID: 20400299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the effects of MSW incinerator fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) on the anaerobic co-digestion of OFMSW with FA or BA. It also simulates the biogas production from various dosed and control bioreactors. Results showed that suitable ashes addition (FA/MSW 10 and 20 g L(-1) and BA/MSW 100 g L(-1)) could improve the MSW anaerobic digestion and enhance the biogas production rates. FA/MSW 20 g L(-1) bioreactor had the higher biogas production and rate implying the potential option for MSW anaerobic co-digestion. Modeling studies showed that exponential plot simulated better for FA/MSW 10 g L(-1) and control bioreactors while Gaussian plot was applicable for FA/MSW 20 g L(-1) one. Linear and exponential plot of descending limb both simulated better for BA/MSW 100 g L(-1) bioreactor. Modified Gompertz plot showed higher correlation of biogas accumulation than exponential rise to maximum plot for all bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung County, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lin CY, Lu CH, Luo WY, Chang YH, Sung LY, Chiu HY, Hu YC. Baculovirus as a Gene Delivery Vector for Cartilage and Bone Tissue Engineering. Curr Gene Ther 2010; 10:242-54. [PMID: 20426760 DOI: 10.2174/156652310791321242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sung LY, Chiu HY, Chen HC, Chen YL, Chuang CK, Hu YC. Baculovirus-mediated growth factor expression in dedifferentiated chondrocytes accelerates redifferentiation: effects of combinational transduction. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:1353-62. [PMID: 18847362 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transduction of partially dedifferentiated rabbit chondrocytes with a baculovirus (Bac-CB) expressing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) reverses dedifferentiation and enhances matrix production. Hereby we examined whether transduction with Bac-CB in combination with another baculovirus expressing transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) synergistically augmented chondrogenic differentiation. Passage 3 rabbit articular chondrocytes were transduced by different baculovirus combinations: single transduction with Bac-CB, cotransduction with Bac-CB and Bac-CT (expressing TGF-beta1), cotransduction with Bac-CB and Bac-CI (expressing IGF-1), and transduction with Bac-CB followed by repeated transduction with Bac-CT, Bac-CI, or Bac-CB 5 days later. Transduced cells were encapsulated into alginate beads for culture. Among these strategies, only cotransduction with Bac-CB and Bac-CT led to improved redifferentiation when compared with Bac-CB single transduction, as evidenced by the enhanced expression of aggrecan and collagen IIB (Col IIB), suppressed expression of Col I and Col X, emergence of chondrocyte-specific lacunae, and elevated deposition of matrix molecules. The cotransduction also accelerated the expression of Sox9, Col IIB, and aggrecan. In summary, baculovirus-mediated coexpression of TGF-beta1 and BMP-2 synergistically accelerates the chondrocyte redifferentiation process and improves the maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype and accumulation of cartilage-specific matrix molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yu Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Province of China
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Lo HM, Liu MH, Pai TY, Liu WF, Lin CY, Wang SC, Banks CJ, Hung CH, Chiang CF, Lin KC, Chen PH, Chen JK, Chiu HY, Su MH, Kurniawan TA, Wu KC, Hsieh CY, Hsu HS. Biostabilization assessment of MSW co-disposed with MSWI fly ash in anaerobic bioreactors. J Hazard Mater 2009; 162:1233-1242. [PMID: 18653282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Revised: 05/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash has been examined for possible use as landfill interim cover. For this aim, three anaerobic bioreactors, 1.2m high and 0.2m in diameter, were used to assess the co-digestion or co-disposal performance of MSW and MSWI fly ash. Two bioreactors contained ratios of 10 and 20 g fly ash per liter of MSW (or 0.2 and 0.4 g g(-1) VS, that is, 0.2 and 0.4 g fly ash per gram volatile solids (VS) of MSW). The remaining bioreactor was used as control, without fly ash addition. The results showed that gas production rate was enhanced by the appropriate addition of MSWI fly ash, with a rate of approximately 6.5l day(-1)kg(-1)VS at peak production in the ash-added bioreactors, compared to approximately 4l day(-1)kg(-1)VS in control. Conductivity, alkali metals and VS in leachate were higher in the fly ash-added bioreactors compared to control. The results show that MSW decomposition was maintained throughout at near-neutral pH and might be improved by release of alkali and trace metals from fly ash. Heavy metals exerted no inhibitory effect on MSW digestion in all three bioreactors. These phenomena indicate that proper amounts of MSWI fly ash, co-disposed or co-digested with MSW, could facilitate bacterial activity, digestion efficiency and gas production rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, 168, Jifong East Road, Wufong, Taichung County, Taiwan.
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Lo HM, Lin KC, Liu MH, Pai TZ, Lin CY, Liu WF, Fang GC, Lu C, Chiang CF, Wang SC, Chen PH, Chen JK, Chiu HY, Wu KC. Solubility of heavy metals added to MSW. J Hazard Mater 2009; 161:294-299. [PMID: 18457918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 01/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the six heavy metal levels (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) in municipal solid waste (MSW) at different pHs. It intends to provide the baseline information of metals solubility in MSW co-disposed or co-digested with MSW incinerator ashes in landfill or anaerobic bioreactors or heavy metals contaminated in anaerobic digesters. One milliliter (equal to 1mg) of each metal was added to the 100ml MSW and the batch reactor test was carried out. The results showed that higher HNO3 and NaOH were consumed at extreme pH of 1 and 13 compared to those from pH 2 to 11 due to the comparably higher buffer capacity. Pb was found to have the least soluble level, highest metal adsorption (%) and highest partitioning Kd (lg(-1)) between pH 3 and 12. In contrast, Ni showed the highest soluble level, lowest metal adsorption (%) and lowest Kd (lg(-1)) between pH 4 and 12. Except Ni and Cr, other four metals seemed to show the amphibious properties as comparative higher solubility was found in the acidic and basic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, 168 Gifong E. Road, Wufong, Taichung County 41349, Taiwan, ROC.
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Sung LY, Lo WH, Chiu HY, Chen HC, Chung CK, Lee HP, Hu YC. Modulation of chondrocyte phenotype via baculovirus-mediated growth factor expression. Biomaterials 2007; 28:3437-47. [PMID: 17467793 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Baculovirus has emerged as a new gene delivery vector thanks to a number of advantages. This study demonstrated that baculovirus conferred efficient gene delivery and mediated expression of growth factors (TGF-beta1, IGF-1 and BMP-2) to therapeutic levels in rabbit chondrocytes. Interestingly, the cellular response to growth factor stimulation was dependent on the cell passage. The highly de-differentiated passage 5 (P5) chondrocytes failed to respond to the stimulation by either growth factor. The de-differentiated P3 cells also failed to maintain the chondrocyte phenotype, but baculovirus-mediated BMP-2 expression remarkably reversed the de-differentiation and enhanced the aggrecan and collagen II production in 2D and 3D cultures, as evidenced by cell morphology, histological staining and gene expression analyses. Baculovirus-mediated TGF-beta1 expression modestly enhanced the cartilage-specific matrix production, although to a lesser extent. Intriguingly, IGF-1, a well-known chondroinductive protein, failed to stimulate the P3 cells likely due to the loss of IGF-1 receptor expression. In summary, this study proved for the first time the potentials of baculovirus in modulating the differentiation status of chondrocytes in the context of cartilage tissue engineering, but also highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate cell passage and growth factor for genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yu Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Abstract
In the present study, an efficient method with a high overall yield for preparing phytosphingosine and an analogue was developed. Starting with commercially available 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-d-mannofuranose, a variety of lipid moieties were incorporated to obtain phytosphingosine and an analogue. Through an eight-step manipulation, phytosphingosine was obtained with an overall yield of 57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Abstract
A 40-year-old male motorcyclist suffered a near-total amputation of his right foot. His limb was successfully salvaged with the aid of a cross-leg vascular shunt. Temporary arterial flow from the contralateral limb was transmitted via a pressure monitor tube to perfuse the avulsed part. This allowed the surgeon to carry out unhurried wound debridement, dissection of vital structures and skeletal fixation. The cannulation port was placed well distal to the proposed definitive anas<$>tomosis, to reduce damage to the endothelium. This procedure could be a valuable adjunct in major limb replantation, particularly in cases of prolonged ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Lee
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Shih HC, Liu SC, Chang CP, Tschen JS, Chiu HY, Liu HC, Chang JG. Positive association of ankylosing spondylitis with homozygous HLA-B2704, but protection with B2705 in Taiwan Chinese. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:509-16. [PMID: 11831114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was undertaken to determine the effects of HLA-B27 subtypes on susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Taiwan Chinese, a polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was developed for subtyping of HLA-B27. In this series, there are 62 patients with AS who were tested HLA-B27 positive serologically and 738 normal persons over the age of 65. Among the 738 normal controls, 42 (5.7%) were HLA-B27 positive. There were six (14.3%) homozygous for B2704, 18 (42.9%) heterozygous for B2704, 2 (4.8%) double heterozygous for B2704 and B2705, one (2.3%) double heterozygous for B2704 and B2706, 2 (4.8%) homozygous for B2705, 11 (26.1%) heterozygous for B2705, and 2 (4.8%) heterozygous for B2706. In our patients with AS, 37 (59.7%) were homozygous for B2704 and 25 (40.3%) were heterozygous for B2704. The HLA-B27 carrier rate in Taiwan healthy old persons is estimated at 5.7%. Susceptibility to AS is determined by homozygosity for B2704. However, B2705 may be an indicator of protection against AS in Taiwan Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Shih
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shieh SJ, Chiu HY, Shi GY, Wu CM, Wang JC, Chen CH, Wu HL. A novel platelet-rich arterial thrombosis model in rabbits. Simple, reproducible, and dynamic real-time measurement by using double-opposing inverted-sutures model. Thromb Res 2001; 103:363-76. [PMID: 11553369 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Though numerous animal thrombosis models have been introduced, an easy, reliable, and reproducible arterial thrombosis model remains a continuing challenge prior to a thrombolytic study. In an effort to evaluate the efficiency of various recombinant thrombolytic agents with specific affinity to activated platelets in vivo, we developed a novel double-opposing inverted-sutures model to create a platelet-rich thrombus in the femoral artery of rabbits. The arteriotomy was done semicircumferentially, and variously sized microsurgical sutures were introduced intraluminally in a double-opposing inverted manner. The animals were divided into three groups according to the double-opposing inverted-sutures used: Group 1 with 10-0 nylon (n=6), Group 2 with 9-0 nylon (n=6), and Group 3 with 8-0 nylon (n=22). The superficial epigastric branch was cannulated with a thin polyethylene (PE) tube for intraarterial administration of the studied thrombolytic agent. The blood flow was continuously measured with a real-time ultrasonic flow meter. Within 2 h of installation of the sutures, there was no thrombus formation in either Group 1 or 2. In Group 3, the thrombosis rate was 91% (20 of 22) under a steady baseline flow (with an average of 12.23+/-2.40 ml/min). It was highly statistically significant with a P-value of .0000743 using Fisher's Exact Test. The averaged time to thrombosis was 21.8+/-9.8 min. The ultrasonic flow meter to record the dynamic real-time measurement of blood flow was a guideline for thrombus formation or dissolution, which was correlated with the morphological findings of stenotic status of the vessel detected by the Doppler sonography. The components of the thrombus were proven to be platelet-rich predominant by histological examination via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To confirm that the double-opposing inverted-sutures model would be useful for a study of thrombolytic agents, we evaluated the effects of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and streptokinase-human plasminogen (SK-HPlg). The average time to thrombolysis post rt-PA infusion was 16.0+/-8.2 min and that of SK-HPlg was 79.6+/-23.1, which were similar to the previous reports. In conclusion, the novel double-opposing inverted-sutures (8-0 nylon) model provides a simple, reliable, and reproducible platelet-rich arterial thrombosis model with noninvasive and dynamic real-time measurement. It may be applied in assessing the efficiency of the recombinant thrombolytic agents and offers many advantages of an arterial platelet-rich in vivo thrombosis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Shieh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 Ta Hsueh Road, Tainan, 70101 Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
The long-term maintenance of sensory gain following sensory reeducation is still unknown for replanted digits. Ten patients with 18 replanted or revascularized digits, who had received a formal sensory reeducation program for 1.5 years postoperatively, were reevaluated with moving two-point discrimination and Semmes-Weinstein pressure threshold test after discontinuing sensory reeducation for 1 year. Another four patients with seven replanted or revascularized digits, who have never received sensory reeducation after surgery, were also followed up in the same way. After cessation of sensory reeducation, the degree of moving two-point discrimination became significantly worse in the formal sensory-reeducated group (P < 0.05) and significantly improved in the group without sensory reeducation initially (P < 0.05), whereas it showed a nonsignificant change of Semmes-Weinstein threshold both in the group with formal sensory reeducation and without sensory reeducation. Sensory retraining did influence the progressive change of moving two-point discrimination, but not in a parallel way with the Semmes-Weinstein threshold test.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Shieh
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Shieh SJ, Chiu HY, Yu JC, Pan SC, Tsai ST, Shen CL. Free anterolateral thigh flap for reconstruction of head and neck defects following cancer ablation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 105:2349-57; discussion 2358-60. [PMID: 10845286 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-200006000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-seven consecutive free anterolateral thigh flaps in 36 patients were transferred for reconstruction of head and neck defects following cancer ablation between January of 1997 and June of 1998. The success rate was 97 percent (36 of 37), with one flap lost due to a twisted perforator. The anatomic variations and length of the vascular pedicle were investigated to obtain better knowledge of anatomy and to avoid several surgical pitfalls when it is used for head and neck reconstruction. The cutaneous perforators were always found and presented as musculocutaneous or septocutaneous perforators in this series of 37 anterolateral thigh flaps. They were classified into four types according to the perforator derivation and the direction in which it traversed the vastus lateralis muscle. In type I, vertical musculocutaneous perforators from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery were found in 56.8 percent of cases (21 of 37), and they were 4.83 +/- 2.04 cm in length. In type II, horizontal musculocutaneous perforators from the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery were found in 27.0 percent of cases (10 of 37), and they were 6.77 +/- 3.48 cm in length. In type III, vertical septocutaneous perforators from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery were found in 10.8 percent of cases (4 of 37), and they were 3.60 +/- 1.47 cm in length. In type IV, horizontal septocutaneous perforators from the transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery were found in 5.4 percent of cases (2 of 37). They were 7.75 +/- 1.06 cm in length. The average length of vascular pedicle was 12.01 +/- 1.50 cm, and the arterial diameter was around 2.0 to 2.5 mm; two accompanying veins varied from 1.8 to 3.0 mm and were suitable for anastomosis with the neck vessels. Reconstruction of one-layer defect, external skin or intraoral lining, was carried out in 18 cases, through-and-through defect in 17 cases, and composite mandibular defect in two cases. With increasing knowledge of anatomy and refinements of surgical technique, the anterolateral thigh flap can be harvested safely to reconstruct complicated defects of head and neck following cancer ablation with only minimal donor-site morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Shieh
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital and Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Lin SC, Chiu HY, Ho CS, Su FC, Chou YL. Comparison of two-dimensional and three-dimensional techniques for determination of facial motion--absolute movement in a local face frame. J Formos Med Assoc 2000; 99:393-401. [PMID: 10870329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Few studies have used motion analysis in the study of facial animation. A facial animation model using an expert vision motion analysis system was developed in this study to quantitatively evaluate absolute movement during five facial animations. METHODS Skin markers were adhered to the face of each subject at 16 anatomic landmarks selected to represent the functional movement of the facial muscles. Three of the 16 skin markers were used to establish a local face frame with the origin in the mid-point of the face. All of the coordinates measured in the laboratory frame were rotated and translated to the local face frame for analysis. The trajectory of the facial markers was evaluated from the local face frame when comparing two-dimensional (2-D) displacement of skin markers (frontal plane) with three-dimensional (3-D) values by paired Student's t-test. RESULTS Although the correlation of 2-D and 3-D displacements of skin markers was high (r > 0.69), the differences between 2-D and 3-D motion were significant (p < 0.001). The 2-D displacement of skin markers underestimated the 3-D facial animation in each marker and animation. There were no significant differences in the movement of both mouth angles or of the eyes. Thirty repeated measurements of a subject revealed good concentration in 3-D displacement, velocity, and angle of movement in smiling. The measurement error was less than 0.06 mm. The normative displacement of individual anatomic landmarks was evaluated to avoid size differences of individual faces. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the expert vision motion analysis technique is feasible for quantitative evaluation of absolute facial movement and would be useful for further clinical evaluation of patients with facial palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Lin
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Abstract
We have used the motion analysis system to measure loss of finger movement after injury. The motion analysis system can provide information about the dynamic angular changes of each finger joint and the fingertip motion area for the injured finger. The latter can be used to calculate the percentage of fingertip motion area preserved. A stiff finger may show limited fingertip motion area with the finger joints tending to flex and extend together.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chiu
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Lin SC, Huang TH, Hsu HY, Lin CJ, Chiu HY. A simple splinting method for correction of supple congenital clasped thumbs in infants. J Hand Surg Br 1999; 24:612-4. [PMID: 10597945 DOI: 10.1054/jhsb.1999.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A splint has been designed to correct the congenital clasped thumb. It is like a short opponens splint that can keep the thumb in a position of abduction and extension without limiting wrist movement. The application of the splint was easy and adjustment for fit could be made at each visit if necessary. The device has been used in 11 infant patients (17 thumbs) with congenital clasped thumb of the supple type. The functional results were excellent in 15 of 17 thumbs, and the other two were good according to the grading system of Weckesser et al. (1968).
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Lin
- Department of Surgery, the Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lee JW, Chen CL, Chiu HY. Femoral-saphenous arteriovenous shunt for free-flap reconstruction of contralateral hip wound. Br J Plast Surg 1999; 52:159-60. [PMID: 10434902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Abstract
The application of a video-based motion analysis system for goniometry of finger joints during measurement of the fingertip motion area has been assessed. The results indicate that the motion analysis system is reliable for angular measurements of finger joints that are comparable with those obtained by conventional goniometer. The advantages of using the motion analysis system is that it can record and show the changes in angle of all finger joints continuously during finger motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chiu
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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