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Han D, Chen R, Kan H, Xu Y. The bio-distribution, clearance pathways, and toxicity mechanisms of ambient ultrafine particles. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2023; 2:95-106. [PMID: 38074989 PMCID: PMC10702920 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Ambient particles severely threaten human health worldwide. Compared to larger particles, ultrafine particles (UFPs) are highly concentrated in ambient environments, have a larger specific surface area, and are retained for a longer time in the lung. Recent studies have found that they can be transported into various extra-pulmonary organs by crossing the air-blood barrier (ABB). Therefore, to understand the adverse effects of UFPs, it is crucial to thoroughly investigate their bio-distribution and clearance pathways in vivo after inhalation, as well as their toxicological mechanisms. This review highlights emerging evidence on the bio-distribution of UFPs in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary organs. It explores how UFPs penetrate the ABB, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the placental barrier (PB) and subsequently undergo clearance by the liver, kidney, or intestine. In addition, the potential underlying toxicological mechanisms of UFPs are summarized, providing fundamental insights into how UFPs induce adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Han
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Fussell JC, Kelly FJ. Mechanisms underlying the health effects of desert sand dust. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106790. [PMID: 34333291 PMCID: PMC8484861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and climate change indicate a future expansion of the global area of dry land and an increase in the risk of drought. Humans may therefore be at an ever-increasing risk of frequent exposure to, and resultant adverse health effects of desert sand dust. This review appraises a total of 52 experimental studies that have sought to identify mechanisms and intermediate endpoints underlying epidemiological evidence of an impact of desert dust on cardiovascular and respiratory health. Toxicological studies, in main using doses that reflect or at least approach real world exposures during a dust event, have demonstrated that virgin sand dust particles and dust storm particles sampled at remote locations away from the source induce inflammatory lung injury and aggravate allergen-induced nasal and pulmonary eosinophilia. Effects are orchestrated by cytokines, chemokines and antigen-specific immunoglobulin potentially via toll-like receptor/myeloid differentiation factor signaling pathways. Findings suggest that in addition to involvement of adhered chemical and biological pollutants, mineralogical components may also be implicated in the pathogenesis of human respiratory disorders during a dust event. Whilst comparisons with urban particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) suggest that allergic inflammatory responses are greater for microbial element-rich dust- PM2.5, aerosols generated during dust events appear to have a lower oxidative potential compared to combustion-generated PM2.5 sampled during non-dust periods. In vitro findings suggest that the significant amounts of suspended desert dust during storm periods may provide a platform to intermix with chemicals on its surfaces, thereby increasing the bioreactivity of PM2.5 during dust storm episodes, and that mineral dust surface reactions are an unrecognized source of toxic organic chemicals in the atmosphere, enhancing toxicity of aerosols in urban environments. In summary, the experimental research on desert dust on respiratory endpoints go some way in clarifying the mechanistic effects of atmospheric desert dust on the upper and lower human respiratory system. In doing so, they provide support for biological plausibility of epidemiological associations between this particulate air pollutant and events including exacerbation of asthma, hospitalization for respiratory infections and seasonal allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Fussell
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Frank J Kelly
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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3
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Caldeira DDAF, Mesquita FM, Pinheiro FG, Oliveira DF, Oliveira LFS, Nascimento JHM, Takiya CM, Maciel L, Zin WA. Acute exposure to C60 fullerene damages pulmonary mitochondrial function and mechanics. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:352-365. [PMID: 33370539 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1863498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
C60 fullerene (C60) nanoparticles, a nanomaterial widely used in technology, can offer risks to humans, overcome biological barriers, and deposit onto the lungs. However, data on its putative pulmonary burden are scanty. Recently, the C60 interaction with mitochondria has been described in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that C60 impairs lung mechanics and mitochondrial function. Thirty-five male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups intratracheally instilled with vehicle (0.9% NaCl + 1% Tween 80, CTRL) or C60 (1.0 mg/kg, FUL). Twenty-four hours after exposure, 15 FUL and 8 CTRL mice were anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated for the determination of lung mechanics. After euthanasia, the lungs were removed en bloc at end-expiration for histological processing. Lung tissue elastance and viscance were augmented in FUL group. Increased inflammatory cell number, alveolar collapse, septal thickening, and pulmonary edema were detected. In other six FUL and six CTRL mice, mitochondria expressed reduction in state 1 respiration [FUL = 3.0 ± 1.14 vs. CTRL = 4.46 ± 0.9 (SEM) nmol O2/min/mg protein, p = 0.0210], ATP production (FUL = 122.6 ± 18 vs. CTRL = 154.5 ± 14 μmol/100 μg protein, p = 0.0340), and higher oxygen consumption in state 4 [FUL = 12.56 ± 0.9 vs. CTRL = 8.26 ± 0.6], generation of reactive oxygen species (FUL 733.1 ± 169.32 vs. CTRL = 486.39 ± 73.1 nmol/100 μg protein, p = 0.0313) and reason ROS/ATP [FUL = 8.73 ± 2.3 vs. CTRL = 2.99 ± 0.3]. In conclusion, exposure to fullerene C60 impaired pulmonary mechanics and mitochondrial function, increased ROS concentration, and decrease ATP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayene de Assis Fernandes Caldeira
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia Muniz Mesquita
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Gomes Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dahienne Ferreira Oliveira
- Laboratory of Proteins and Amyloidosis, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Silva Oliveira
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilha, Colombia.,Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Arquitectura, Universidad de Lima, Santiago de Surco, Peru
| | - Jose Hamilton Matheus Nascimento
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Maciel
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Walter Araujo Zin
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Association of short term exposure to Asian dust with increased blood pressure. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17630. [PMID: 33077773 PMCID: PMC7572380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74713-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution causes hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Asian dust (AD) reportedly induces asthma or acute myocardial infarction along with air pollution, but its impact on blood pressure (BP) is unknown. We investigated the association between short-term AD exposure and BP fluctuations in 300,952 individuals whose BP was measured during April 2005–March 2015 and divided them into AD and non-AD groups based on visitation for AD-related events. AD’s occurrence, air pollutants’ concentration (suspended particulate matter, SO2, NO2, photochemical oxidants), and meteorological variables (mean ambient temperature, relative humidity) were obtained from a monitoring station; AD events correlated with decreased visibility (< 10 km). We observed 61 AD days, with 3897 participants undergoing medical check-ups. Short-term AD exposure at lag day-0 was significantly associated with higher systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and pulse rate (PR) risk (β = 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35–2.35 for SBP, β = 2.24, 95% CI 1.88–2.61 for DBP, β = 0.52, 95% CI 0.14–0.91 for PR) using multi-pollutant model. Population-attributable fractions exposed to AD were 11.5% for those with elevated SBP (SBP ≥ 120 mmHg) and 23.7% for those with hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). This study showed a strong association between short-term AD exposure and increased SBP and DBP.
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Ishii M, Seki T, Kaikita K, Sakamoto K, Nakai M, Sumita Y, Nishimura K, Miyamoto Y, Noguchi T, Yasuda S, Tsutsui H, Komuro I, Saito Y, Ogawa H, Tsujita K, Kawakami K. Short-term exposure to desert dust and the risk of acute myocardial infarction in Japan: a time-stratified case-crossover study. Eur J Epidemiol 2020; 35:455-464. [PMID: 31950372 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-020-00601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter from natural sources such as desert dust causes harmful effects for health. Asian dust (AD) increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, little is known about the risk of myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), compared to myocardial infarction with coronary artery disease (MI-CAD). Using a time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models, the association between short-term exposure to AD whereby decreased visibility (< 10 km) observed at each monitoring station nearest to the hospitals was used for exposure measurements and admission for AMI in the spring was investigated using a nationwide administrative database between April 2012 and March 2016. According to presence of revascularization and coronary atherosclerosis, AMI patients (n = 30,435) were divided into 2 subtypes: MI-CAD (n = 27,202) or MINOCA (n = 3233). The single lag day-2 was used in AD exposure based on the lag effect analysis. The average level of meteorological variables and co-pollutants on the 3 days prior to the case/control days were used as covariates. The occurrence of AD events 2 days before the admission was associated with admission for MINOCA after adjustment for meteorological variables [odds ratio 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.29], while the association was not observed in MI-CAD. The absolute risk difference of MINOCA admission was 1.79 (95% CI 1.21-2.38) per 100,000 person-year. These associations between AD exposure and the admission for MINOCA remained unchanged in two-pollutant models. This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to AD is associated with a higher risk of MINOCA, but not MI-CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Ishii
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medical and Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomotsugu Seki
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medical and Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Yoko Sumita
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | | | | | - Teruo Noguchi
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Issei Komuro
- Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- School of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hisao Ogawa
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kawakami
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medical and Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Le Y, Hu X, Zhu J, Wang C, Yang Z, Lu D. Ambient fine particulate matter induces inflammatory responses of vascular endothelial cells through activating TLR-mediated pathway. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:670-678. [PMID: 31601156 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719871778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced inflammatory responses of vascular endothelial cells. Inflammatory factors and TLRs were examined in the aorta of mice after nonsurgical intratracheal instillation of PM2.5 as well as in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with PM2.5. In addition, the effects of TLR2 and TLR4 inhibitors in the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β and the expression of TLRs were determined in the HUVECs. The results showed that PM2.5 could increase the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TLR2, and TLR4 in vitro and in vivo. Anti-TLR2 IgG or TAK242, an inhibitor of TLR4, decreased the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 by HUVECs and reduced the expression of corresponding TLRs. In conclusion, we demonstrate that both TLR2 and TLR4 are involved in PM2.5-induced inflammatory responses of vascular endothelial cells. Inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 expression has the potential to prevent PM2.5-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Le
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cui Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhao Lu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Fluorescent reconstitution on deposition of PM 2.5 in lung and extrapulmonary organs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:2488-2493. [PMID: 30692265 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818134116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of PM2.5 (fine particulate matter in air with diameter smaller than 2.5 μm) in lungs is harmful to human health. However, real-time observation on the deposition of particles in the acinar area of the lung is still a challenge in experiments. Here, a fluorescent imaging method is developed to visualize the deposition process with a high temporal and spatial resolution. The observations reveal that the deposition pattern is nonuniform, and the maximum deposition rate in the acinar area differs significantly from the prediction of the widely used average deposition model. The method is also used to find single particles in the kidney and liver, though such particles are commonly believed to be too large to enter the extrapulmonary organs.
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Ng CT, Li JJ, Balasubramanian SK, You F, Yung LYL, Bay BH. Inflammatory Changes in Lung Tissues Associated with Altered Inflammation-Related MicroRNA Expression after Intravenous Administration of Gold Nanoparticles in Vivo. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1959-1967. [PMID: 33440531 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Potential adverse effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are gaining attention due to their wide industrial, consumer, and biomedical applications. This may give rise to possible health risks from direct exposure to the NPs. Excessive inflammatory response is known to be one of the main effects induced by NPs. In this study, inflammatory and miRNA expression changes in lung tissues were evaluated in rats following intravenous administration of AuNPs. AuNPs (20 nm) at a mass concentration of 256 μg/mL were intravenously injected into 6-8 week old male Wistar rats at single doses of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/kg and sacrificed at 1 week, 1 month, and 2 months, respectively. The biodistribution of AuNPs in the lungs of the rats was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. There were no apparent changes observed in the body weight of the experimental rats. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of infiltrating lymphocytes in lung interstitial tissues and enhanced IL-1α immunostaining in the lung tissues. Out of 84 rat microRNAs (miRNAs) analyzed, the expression of three miRNAs in rat lungs were dysregulated by more than 2-fold in the 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg AuNP-treated rats 1 week after exposure. In particular, miR-327 was significantly down-regulated in both groups of treated rats. Taken together, it would seem that miRNAs may regulate inflammatory changes in the lungs after exposure to AuNPs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Teng Ng
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jia'En Jasmine Li
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Suresh Kumar Balasubramanian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Fang You
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Boon-Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Zhang Y, Yang WX. Tight junction between endothelial cells: the interaction between nanoparticles and blood vessels. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:675-84. [PMID: 27335757 PMCID: PMC4902068 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Since nanoparticles are now widely applied as food additives, in cosmetics and other industries, especially in medical therapy and diagnosis, we ask here whether nanoparticles can cause several adverse effects to human health. In this review, based on research on nanotoxicity, we mainly discuss the negative influence of nanoparticles on blood vessels in several aspects and the potential mechanism for nanoparticles to penetrate endothelial layers of blood vessels, which are the sites of phosphorylation of tight junction proteins (claudins, occludins, and ZO (Zonula occludens)) proteins, oxidative stress and shear stress. We propose a connection between the presence of nanoparticles and the regulation of the tight junction, which might be the key approach for nanoparticles to penetrate endothelial layers and then have an impact on other tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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