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Ahrendt H, Sun H, Mishra K, Gupta S, Bukavina L. Multidisciplinary management of sexual and gender minorities with bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:352-360. [PMID: 38880704 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer, a common urologic malignancy, has poor morbidity and mortality in sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals, stemming from higher risk, poor access to care and lack of quality cancer care. To begin addressing this disparity, this review offers key considerations for evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of SGM individuals with bladder cancer. In addition to thorough medical and surgical history, initial evaluation should include discussion of patient goals for sexual function and organ preservation, as well as an evaluation of sexual function. Prior gender affirming surgery and patient specific sexual function goals will impact diagnosis and treatment approaches, including surgical and radiation therapy. Throughout care for SGM individuals with bladder cancer, it is critical to acknowledge the systemic discrimination that may be experienced by these individuals and approach conversations with sensitivity and humility and incorporate mental and social support as appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ahrendt
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Helen Sun
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Urology Institute, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kirtishri Mishra
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Urology Institute, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
| | - Shubham Gupta
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Urology Institute, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
| | - Laura Bukavina
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Urology Institute, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH.
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You C, Cheng L, Fang Q, Qing L, Li Q, Liu S, Wang Y, Li R, Dong Z. Comparative evaluation of reproductive organ-preserving versus standard radical cystectomy in female: a meta-analysis and systematic review of perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:5041-5052. [PMID: 39009729 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-11074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes of reproductive organ-preserving radical cystectomy (ROPRC) compared to standard radical cystectomy (SRC) in the treatment of female bladder cancer. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in November 2023 across several scientific databases. We executed a systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis of the primary outcomes of interest, adhering to the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024501522). RESULTS The meta-analysis included 10 studies with a total of 2015 participants. ROPRC showed a significant reduction in operative time and postoperative fasting period compared to SRC (MD - 45.69, 95% CI - 78.91 ~ - 12.47, p = 0.007, and MD - 0.69, 95% CI - 1.25 ~ - 0.13, p = 0.02, respectively). Functional outcomes, both daytime continence rate (OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.53 ~ 15.91, p = 0.008) and nighttime continence rate (OR 5.91, 95% CI 1.94 ~ 18.01, p = 0.002), and sexual function measured by the Female Sexual Function Index (MD 5.72, 95% CI 0.19 ~ 11.26, p = 0.04), were significantly improved in the ROPRC group. There were no significant differences between ROPRC and SRC in terms of estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, overall postoperative complications, minor complications or major complications. Oncologically, both procedures showed comparable outcomes with no significant differences in positive surgical margins, tumor recurrence rates, overall survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence-free survival, or progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS ROPRC is a viable and effective alternative to SRC in female bladder cancer patients, offering enhanced functional outcomes and similar oncological safety. These findings suggest that ROPRC can improve the quality of life in female bladder cancer patients without compromising the efficacy of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu You
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Qixiang Fang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Liangliang Qing
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Rongxin Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Zhilong Dong
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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Bukavina L, Davis L, Helstrom E, Magee D, Ponsky L, Uzzo R, Calaway A, Abbosh P, Kutikov A. Population Estimates of Ovarian Cancer Risk in a Cohort of Patients with Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol Focus 2024; 10:298-302. [PMID: 38326120 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The rationale for oophorectomy during female cystectomy is not adequately supported. The co-occurrence and timing of bladder cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) in females harboring OC germline mutations remain unclear. Our objective was to determine the frequency and temporal occurrence of OC germline variants among females with BC. METHODS We used genetic and phenotypic data from the UK Biobank (UKB). The study cohort was defined using ICD-10/ICD-9 codes for BC and further stratified to identify 1347 females. Analysis was restricted to variants with high/moderate impact for initial regression. ClinVar was used to interpret pathogenicity. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants were assessed by age of presentation, family history, and concomitant malignancies. Statistical analysis was performed using UKB DNAnexus JupyterLab and RStudio. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS Some 3.4% of the patients had at least one of 15 variants for OC. CHEK2 and PALB2 mutations represented the highest ratio of overall/pathogenic variants (15.8% and 6.6%). Although females with P/LP OC mutations had a higher risk of OC, diagnosis of OC preceded BC by 11.3 yr (±12.5 yr) in the group with mutations and by 15.6 yr (±11.3 yr) in the group without mutations. The group with P/LP variants had higher rates of maternal (14.63% vs 8.12%; p = 0.04) and sibling (9.76% vs 3.98%; p = 0.02) breast cancer and of maternal colon cancer (9.76% vs 4.21%), and lower maternal life expectancy (75.34 vs 68.15 yr; p = 0.0014). UKB provides limited staging/treatment history and its exome sequencing platform may miss variants or provide insufficient coverage for genotyping. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS This study provides evidence against routine oophorectomy for reducing OC risk in females with BC. The results highlight that the development of OC occurred 11 yr before diagnosis of BC for patients with OC mutations and 15 yr before diagnosis of BC for patients without OC mutations. PATIENT SUMMARY Although removal of the ovaries in women with bladder cancer is common, no studies have shown that this strategy has a benefit. Our study of women diagnosed with bladder cancer who had genetic mutations associated with ovarian cancer shows that their risk of developing ovarian cancer after bladder cancer is low. These findings provide evidence against removal of the ovaries when the bladder is being removed as treatment for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bukavina
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Laura Davis
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emma Helstrom
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diana Magee
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lee Ponsky
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Uzzo
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Calaway
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Philip Abbosh
- Department of Urology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Kutikov
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ebner B, Fleckenstein F, Volz Y, Eismann L, Hermans J, Buchner A, Enzinger B, Weinhold P, Wichmann C, Stief CG, Humpe A, Pyrgidis N, Schulz GB. Oncological impact of perioperative blood transfusion in bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy: Do we need to consider storage time of blood units, donor age, or gender matching? Transfusion 2024; 64:29-38. [PMID: 38053445 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oncological impact of perioperative blood transfusions (PBTs) of patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) because of bladder cancer (BCa) has been a controversial topic discussed in recent years. The main cause for the contradictory findings of existing studies might be the missing consideration of the storage time of red blood cell units (BUs), donor age, and gender matching. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed BCa patients who underwent RC in our department between 2004 and 2021. We excluded patients receiving BUs before RC, >10 BUs, or RC in a palliative setting. We assessed the effect of blood donor characteristics and storage time on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) through univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis. We also performed a propensity score matching with patients who received BUs and patients who did not on a 1:1 ratio. RESULTS We screened 1692 patients and included 676 patients for the propensity score matching. In the multivariable analysis, PBT was independently associated with worse OS and CSS (p < .001). Postoperative transfusions were associated with better OS (p = .004) and CSS (p = .008) compared to intraoperative or mixed transfusions. However, there was no influence of blood donor age, storage time, or gender matching on prognosis. DISCUSSION In our study of BCa patients undergoing RC, we demonstrate that PBT, especially if administered intraoperatively, is an independent risk factor for a worse prognosis. However, storage time, donor age, or gender matching did not negatively affect oncological outcomes. Therefore, the specific selection of blood products does not promise any benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Ebner
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yannic Volz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lennert Eismann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Hermans
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Buchner
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benazir Enzinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Weinhold
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Humpe
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Pyrgidis
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Gupta P, Quan T, Wright MA, Murthi AM. Risks of chronic steroid or immunosuppressive therapy on total shoulder arthroplasty patients. Shoulder Elbow 2023; 15:373-380. [PMID: 37538522 PMCID: PMC10395411 DOI: 10.1177/17585732221088266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Patients on chronic corticosteroids/immunosuppressants (SI) undergoing orthopaedic surgery are at an increased risk for surgical complications and worse outcomes. However, whether or not chronic preoperative SI use increases the risk for 30-day complications in patients undergoing primary total shoulder arthroplasty (SA) has yet to be explored. Methods From 2006 to 2019, the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was used to identify all patients who underwent primary SA (anatomic TSA and reverse TSA). Patients were stratified into two cohorts: chronic preoperative SI users and those without use. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were utilized in this study. Results Of the 26,979 patients who underwent primary SA, 25,656 (95.1%) patients did not have SI usage whereas 1323 (4.9%) patients had chronic preoperative SI usage. Following adjustment on multivariate analyses, compared to the non-SI usage cohort, patients who used SI had an increased risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) (OR 1.87; p = 0.009) and septic shock (OR 7.14; p = 0.002). There were no differences in mortality between the two cohorts (p = 0.058). Discussion and Conclusion Chronic pre-operative SI use is an independent risk factor for septic shock and UTIs following primary SA. Surgeons and patients should be aware of these risks to better inform patient counseling and surgical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Theodore Quan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Melissa A Wright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Anand M Murthi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
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Bravi CA, Rosiello G, Mazzone E, Minervini A, Mari A, Di Maida F, Bensalah K, Peyronnet B, Khene ZE, Schiavina R, Bianchi L, Mottrie A, De Naeyer G, Antonelli A, Furlan M, Rha KH, Almujalhem A, Derweesh I, Bradshaw A, Kaouk J, Sawczyn G, Bertolo R, Breda A, Montorsi F, Capitanio U, Larcher A. The IRON Study: Investigation of Robot-assisted Versus Open Nephron-sparing Surgery. EUR UROL SUPPL 2023; 49:71-77. [PMID: 36874602 PMCID: PMC9974968 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Current literature does not provide large-scale data regarding clinical outcomes of robot-assisted (RAPN) versus open (OPN) partial nephrectomy. Moreover, data assessing predictors of long-term oncologic outcomes after RAPN are scarce. Objective To compare perioperative, functional, and oncologic outcomes of RAPN versus OPN, and to investigate the predictors of oncologic outcomes after RAPN. Design setting and participants This study included 3467 patients treated with OPN (n = 1063) or RAPN (n = 2404) for a single cT1-2N0M0 renal mass from 2004 to 2018 at nine high-volume European, North American, and Asian institutions. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The study outcomes were short-term postoperative, functional, and oncologic outcomes. Regression models investigated the effect of surgical approach (open vs Robot assisted) on study outcomes, and interaction tests were used for subgroup analyses. Propensity score matching for demographic and tumor characteristics was used in sensitivity analyses. Multivariable Cox-regression analyses identified predictors of oncologic outcomes after RAPN. Results and limitations Baseline characteristics were similar between patients receiving RAPN and OPN, with only few differences. After adjusting for confounding, RAPN was associated with lower odds of intraoperative (odds ratio [OR]: 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22, 0.68) and Clavien-Dindo ≥2 postoperative (OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.50) complications (both p < 0.05). This association was not affected by comorbidities, tumor dimension, PADUA score, or preoperative renal function (all p > 0.05 on interaction tests). On multivariable analyses, we found no differences between the two techniques with respect to functional and oncologic outcomes (all p > 0.05). Overall, there were 63 and 92 local recurrences and systemic progressions, respectively, with a median follow-up after surgery of 32 mo (interquartile range: 18, 60). Among patients receiving RAPN, we assessed predictors of local recurrence and systemic progression with discrimination accuracy (ie, C-index) that ranged from 0.73 to 0.81. Conclusions While cancer control and long-term renal function did not differ between RAPN and OPN, we found that the intra- and postoperative morbidity-especially in terms of complications-was lower after RAPN than after OPN. Our predictive models allow surgeons to estimate the risk of adverse oncologic outcomes after RAPN, with relevant implications for preoperative counseling and follow-up after surgery. Patient summary In this comparative study on robotic versus open partial nephrectomy, functional and oncologic outcomes were similar between the two techniques, with lower morbidity-especially in terms of complications-for robot-assisted surgery. The assessment of prognosticators for patients receiving robot-assisted partial nephrectomy may help in preoperative counseling and provides relevant data to tailor postoperative follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Andrea Bravi
- Unit of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Urology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Hospital, Aalst, Belgium
- ORSI Academy, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Rosiello
- Unit of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Mazzone
- Unit of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Minervini
- Unit of Oncologic Minimally Invasive Urology and Andrology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- Unit of Oncologic Minimally Invasive Urology and Andrology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Di Maida
- Unit of Oncologic Minimally Invasive Urology and Andrology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Karim Bensalah
- Department of Urology, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Riccardo Schiavina
- Division of Urology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bianchi
- Division of Urology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alexandre Mottrie
- Department of Urology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Hospital, Aalst, Belgium
- ORSI Academy, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Naeyer
- Department of Urology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Hospital, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Furlan
- Department of Urology, Spedali Civili Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Koon Ho Rha
- Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahmad Almujalhem
- Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ithaar Derweesh
- Department of Urology, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Aaronw Bradshaw
- Department of Urology, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jihak Kaouk
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guilherme Sawczyn
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Riccardo Bertolo
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alberto Breda
- Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Unit of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Capitanio
- Unit of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Larcher
- Unit of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Corresponding author. Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy. Tel. +39 02.2643.7286.
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Radical cystectomy and women's sexual health - can we do better? Curr Opin Urol 2022; 32:545-553. [PMID: 35916011 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Female sexual function after radical cystectomy is a crucial, but historically overlooked component of bladder cancer survivorship. This review focuses on recent studies, which have investigated pelvic health and sexual function after radical cystectomy. We discuss modifiable factors, which may contribute to decreased sexual function after radical cystectomy and techniques, which may lead to improved outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS Sexual function is important to women and there is a significant desire (and unmet need) for more perioperative counseling and discussion regarding sexual function changes and quality of life impacts. Sexual function may be altered due to a combination of hormonal changes from ovarian removal, anatomic changes from vaginal alteration, and sensation changes due to damage to the neurovascular bundle. Techniques to preserve these structures have been developed. SUMMARY Sexual function is an important component of survivorship and increasing attention is being focused on this area. Long term studies with objective measures are needed for to compare various techniques and ensure oncologic safety. Ovarian preservation, anterior vaginal wall preservation, and vaginal estrogen replacement should be carefully considered for most patients.
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Effects of treatments on gender differences in patients with localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:1845-1855. [PMID: 35608804 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the gender differences in survival under different treatments in localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and to find clinical strategies to improve the poor prognosis of female with bladder cancer (BC). METHODS Patients with localized MIBC were collected in the SEER database from 2010 to 2016 to analyze the gender differences in clinical characteristics. Propensity score matching was used to balance the effects of confounding factors. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed to compare the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients between different treatment subgroups. RESULTS The entire cohort included 13,272 T2N0M0 MIBC patients, with a male-to-female incidence of 3:1. Compared with male patients, females had a higher age of onset and more blacks. There were more female patients undergoing bladder-sparing surgery (BSS) alone, and the OS and CSS were worse than those in males. The gender difference showed statistical significance in the BSS group, but not in the radical cystectomy (RC) group. CONCLUSION The survival of localized MIBC patients can be affected by treatments. Multi-modality treatment and RC may improve the survival prognosis of female patients.
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Gupta P, Quan T, Patel CJ, Manzi JE, Gu A, Tabaie S, Campbell JC. Extended length of stay in diabetic octogenarians following revision total hip arthroplasty. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2022; 33:1217-1222. [PMID: 35536487 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-022-03277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Past research has shown diabetic patients, including those of geriatric age, to be at an increased risk of postoperative complications following various surgeries, including revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). However, whether these risks are disproportionately greater in octogenarian patients has not been well investigated. This study aimed to determine whether diabetic octogenarians are at an increased risk of postoperative complications following rTHA. METHODS The national surgical quality improvement program database was used to identify all diabetic patients who underwent rTHA from 2007 to 2018. Patients were divided into two groups: an aged 65 to 79 cohort and an aged 80 to 89 cohort. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and postoperative complications were assessed and compared between the two aged cohorts, with the utilization of bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Of the 1184 diabetic patients who underwent rTHA, 906 (76.5%) patients were in the aged 65 to 79 cohort and 278 (23.5%) patients were in the aged 80 to 89 cohort. After adjusting for patient demographics and medical comorbidities, compared to patients in the aged 65 to 79 group, diabetic patients who were 80 to 89 years old were found to have an increased risk of extended length of hospital stay (OR 1.67; p = 0.017). CONCLUSION Diabetic octogenarian patients have an increased risk for a prolonged hospital stay following rTHA relative to their younger diabetic geriatric counterparts. Orthopedic surgeons should be aware of these increased risks to properly educate diabetic octogenarians and assist in surgical management decision making in these patients considering rTHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Theodore Quan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Chirag J Patel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Joseph E Manzi
- Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Alex Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Sean Tabaie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joshua C Campbell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
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Davis L, Isali I, Prunty M, Calaway A, Mishra K, Miller A, Pope R, Magee D, Bigalli AC, Thirumavalavan N, Ponsky L, Bukavina L. Female Sexual Function Following Radical Cystectomy in Bladder Cancer. Sex Med Rev 2022; 10:231-239. [PMID: 34992003 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A clear and well-documented gender bias exists in the evaluation of sexual outcomes for women undergoing urologic surgery. Due to the anatomic template of anterior exenteration, women are commonly left with side effects that include sexual dysfunction and the perpetuated effects of surgical menopause. OBJECTIVES To present evaluation and treatment recommendations for female sexual dysfunction treatment and evaluation, in addition to surgical templates during radical cystectomy (RC). METHODS This article reviews current literature regarding sexual function and RC with urinary diversion in female bladder cancer patients. Furthermore, this review will provide a review of techniques for organ and neurovascular preservation, along with novel vaginal reconstruction templates. Our review will further focus on emerging technology, including minimally invasive surgery and organ and nerve preservation, directed at preservation of female sexual function. RESULTS Clinically, studies have demonstrated that females who have undergone genitalia-sparing and neurovascular preservation during RC regained sexual activity earlier than patients undergoing traditional RC. If organ and nerve preservation is not feasible due to involvement of trigone or bladder neck, vaginal reconstruction can mitigate the sexual dysfunction that results from a loss of the anterior vagina during a standard RC. CONCLUSION Female sexual dysfunction is associated with high levels of patient distress and is best comanaged with a multidisciplinary treatment approach, including preoperative counseling, intraoperative nerve, and organ preservation, and postoperative interventions to mitigate sexual side effects. Davis L, Isali I, Prunty M, et al. Female Sexual Function Following Radical Cystectomy in Bladder Cancer. Sex Med Rev 2021;XX:XXX-XXX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Davis
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ilaha Isali
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Megan Prunty
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Adam Calaway
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kirtishri Mishra
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - April Miller
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rachel Pope
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Reproduction Biology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Diana Magee
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Division of Urologic Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Nannan Thirumavalavan
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lee Ponsky
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Laura Bukavina
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Division of Urologic Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Sun HH, Prunty M, Isali I, Mahran A, Ginsburg K, Markt S, Ponsky L, Calaway A, Bukavina L. Cost of Care in Open Cystectomy Patients Across Time and Space: Does it matter? Bladder Cancer 2021; 7:439-447. [PMID: 38993992 PMCID: PMC11181807 DOI: 10.3233/blc-211580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many variables may affect the cost of open radical cystectomy (RC) care, including surgical approach, diversion type, patient comorbidities, and postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE To determine factors associated with changes in cost of care following open radical cystectomy (ORC) for bladder cancer using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). METHODS Patients in the NIS with a diagnosis of bladder cancer who underwent ORC with ileal conduit from 2012-2017 using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes were identified. Baseline demographics including age, race, region, postoperative complications, and length of stay were obtained. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with cost variation including demographics, clinical characteristics, surgical factors, and discharge quarter (Q1-Q4). RESULTS 5,189 patients were included in the analysis, with 4,379 at urban teaching hospitals. On multivariable regression analysis, female sex [$1,734 ($1,024-2,444) p < 0.001)], a greater Elixhauser comorbidity score [$93 ($62-124), p < 0.001], presence of any inpatient complication [$1,531 ($894-2,168), p < 0.001], and greater length of stay [$1,665 ($1,536-1,793), p < 0.001] were associated with a greater cost of hospitalization. Discharge in Q3 (July to September) relative to Q2 (April to June) was associated with a higher cost [$1,113 ($292-1,933), p = 0.008. Trends were similar at urban non-teaching and rural hospitals, except discharge quarter was not associated with a significant change in cost. CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in cost of ORC with ileal conduit exist with respect to patient sex, medical comorbidities, and discharge timing. These differences may relate to greater disease burden in female patients, patient complexity, and variation in postoperative care in academic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen H. Sun
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Megan Prunty
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ilaha Isali
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amr Mahran
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kevin Ginsburg
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Markt
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lee Ponsky
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Adam Calaway
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Laura Bukavina
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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12
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Vencill JA, Kacel EL, Avulova S, Ehlers SL. Barriers to sexual recovery in women with urologic cancers. Urol Oncol 2020; 40:372-378. [PMID: 33248897 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sexual health concerns are prevalent and distressing in oncology patients and survivors. While urologic cancers are more prevalent in men, women often have more advanced disease at initial diagnosis, require more advanced surgical resection, and experience higher postoperative complication rates, as well as morbidity and mortality. Women with urologic cancers undergo treatment that is highly likely to impact their sexual function and well-being, however, attention to sexual recovery in this patient population has been limited. Barriers to sexual recovery in women with urologic cancers are biopsychosocial in nature and include complications related to treatment procedures, cancer-related distress, sexual anxiety and avoidance, partner and relational dynamics, and sexual communication skills. Healthcare providers do not adequately address sexual difficulties for these patients and their partners. Sexual minority women and transgender patients with urologic cancer have unique psychosocial and sexual health needs though, due to a lack of research, these remain poorly understood. More research is needed to pinpoint the sexual health needs of this specific oncology population and to explore how various treatment options, such as pelvic organ-sparing cystectomy, can impact sexual health outcomes. Evidence-based and multidisciplinary oncologic and survivorship care, which includes licensed mental health providers, certified sex therapists, and other sexual health experts, is essential for assisting women in their sexual recovery following urologic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Vencill
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| | | | | | - Shawna L Ehlers
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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13
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Bukavina L, Prunty M, Mishra K, Sun H, Sheyn D, Conroy B, Mahran A, MacLennan G, Schumacher F, Ponsky L, Markt S. Gender Disparities in Bladder Cancer-Specific Survival in High Poverty Areas Utilizing Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System (OCISS). Urology 2020; 151:163-168. [PMID: 32707271 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand the interplay of socioeconomic and demographic traits on bladder cancer outcomes utilizing the Ohio state cancer registry, Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System (OCISS). METHODS We obtained demographic, clinical and outcome data on 47,182 bladder cancer cases diagnosed from 1996 to 2016 from OCISS. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association between sex, race and poverty and survival, adjusting age, stage, and primary treatment. RESULTS Within the OCISS database, there were 47,182 patients with a diagnosis of bladder cancer identified, with females representing 12,056 (26%) of the population. There were a total of 9255(35.2%) deaths due to bladder cancer, with median follow-up time of 4.4 years. After adjusting for confounding variables, women were statistically significantly less likely to die from any cause (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.96), compared with men, but more likely to die from bladder cancer (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.15-1.27). We also found that after adjusting for confounding variables, including sex and poverty, black race was statistically significantly associated with a higher risk of overall (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.18) and bladder cancer-specific mortality (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.15-1.36). CONCLUSION Using the OCISS database, female gender, self-reported black race, and neighborhood poverty level were associated with worse bladder cancer-specific survival. By recognizing these disparities, we can prospectively address risk factors in efforts to improve survival among these patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bukavina
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Megan Prunty
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kirtishri Mishra
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Helen Sun
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - David Sheyn
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Britt Conroy
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Amr Mahran
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Gregory MacLennan
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Cleveland, OH
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Lee Ponsky
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sarah Markt
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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Briganti A, Gandaglia G, Scuderi S, Gallina A, Colombo R, Fossati N, Barletta F, Pellegrino A, Nocera L, Montorsi F, Necchi A. Surgical Safety of Radical Cystectomy and Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection Following Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients with Bladder Cancer: Prospective Assessment of Perioperative Outcomes from the PURE-01 Trial. Eur Urol 2020; 77:576-580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Unmarried men have worse oncologic outcomes after radical cystectomy for nonmetastatic urothelial bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:76.e1-76.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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