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Jiang J, Soh PXY, Mutambirwa SBA, Bornman MSR, Haiman CA, Hayes VM, Jaratlerdsiri W. ANO7 African-ancestral genomic diversity and advanced prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024; 27:558-565. [PMID: 37749167 PMCID: PMC11319200 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant health burden for African men, with mortality rates more than double global averages. The prostate specific Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) gene linked with poor patient outcomes has recently been identified as the target for an African-specific protein-truncating PCa-risk allele. METHODS Here we determined the role of ANO7 in a study of 889 men from southern Africa, leveraging exomic genotyping array PCa case-control data (n = 780, 17 ANO7 alleles) and deep sequenced whole genome data for germline and tumour ANO7 interrogation (n = 109), while providing clinicopathologically matched European-derived sequence data comparative analyses (n = 57). Associated predicted deleterious variants (PDVs) were further assessed for impact using computational protein structure analysis. RESULTS Notably rare in European patients, we found the common African PDV p.Ile740Leu (rs74804606) to be associated with PCa risk in our case-control analysis (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, false discovery rate/FDR = 0.03), while sequencing revealed co-occurrence with the recently reported African-specific deleterious risk variant p.Ser914* (rs60985508). Additional findings included a novel protein-truncating African-specific frameshift variant p.Asp789Leu, African-relevant PDVs associated with altered protein structure at Ca2+ binding sites, early-onset PCa associated with PDVs and germline structural variants in Africans (Linear regression models, -6.42 years, 95% CI = -10.68 to -2.16, P-value = 0.003) and ANO7 as an inter-chromosomal PCa-related gene fusion partner in African derived tumours. CONCLUSIONS Here we provide not only validation for ANO7 as an African-relevant protein-altering PCa-risk locus, but additional evidence for a role of inherited and acquired ANO7 variance in the observed phenotypic heterogeneity and African-ancestral health disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Jiang
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Pamela X Y Soh
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Shingai B A Mutambirwa
- Department of Urology, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Medunsa, South Africa
| | - M S Riana Bornman
- School of Health Systems & Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa M Hayes
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Health Systems & Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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Krishnamoorthi R, Ganapathy A A, Hari Priya VM, Kumaran A. Future aspects of plant derived bioactive metabolites as therapeutics to combat benign prostatic hyperplasia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118207. [PMID: 38636573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterized by prostate enlargement due to cell proliferation, is a common urinary disorder in men over 50, manifesting as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Currently, several therapeutic options are accessible for treating BPH, including medication therapy, surgery and watchful waiting. Conventional drugs such as finasteride and dutasteride are used as 5α-reductase inhibitors for the treatment of BPH. However long-term use of these drugs is restricted due to their unpleasant side effects. Despite the range of available medical therapies, the effective treatment against BPH is still inadequate. Certain therapeutic plants and their phytochemicals have the aforementioned goals and work by regulating this enzyme. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight to advancements in diagnosis of BPH, modern treatment methods and the significance of ethnobotanically relevant medicinal plants as alternative therapeutics for managing BPH. MATERIAL AND METHODS A thorough and systematic literature search was performed using electronic databases and search engines such as PubMed, Web of Science, NCBI and SciFinder till October 2023. Specific keywords such as "benign prostatic hyperplasia", "medicinal plants", "phytochemicals", "pharmacology", "synergy", "ethnobotany", "5-alpha reductase", "alpha blocker" and "toxicology". By include these keywords, a thorough investigation of pertinent papers was assured, and important data about the many facets of BPH could be retrieved. RESULTS After conducting the above investigation, 104 herbal remedies were found to inhibit Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibition, alpha-blockers, or 5α -reductase inhibition effects which are supported by in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies evidence. Of these, 89 plants have ethnobotanical significance as alpha-blockers, alpha-reductase inhibition, or PDE-5 inhibition, and the other fifteen plants were chosen based on their ability to reduce BPH risk factors. Several phytocompounds, including, rutaecarpine, vaccarin, rutin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, quercetin, dicaffeoylquinic acid, rutaevin, and phytosterol-F have been reported to be useful for the management of BPH. The use of combination therapy offers a strong approach to treating long-term conditions compare to single plant extract drugs. Furthermore, several botanical combinations such as lycopene and curcumin, pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil, combinations of extracts from Funtumia africana (Benth.) Stapf and Abutilon mauritianum (Jacq.) Medik., and Hypselodelphys poggeana (K.Schum.) Milne-Redh. and Spermacoce radiata (DC.) Sieber ex Hiern are also supported through in vitro and in vivo studies for managing BPH through recuperation in patients with chronic long-term illnesses, as measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score. CONCLUSION The review proposes and endorses careful utilization of conventional medications that may be investigated further to discover possible PDE-5, 5 alpha-reductase, an alpha-blocker inhibitor for managing BPH. Even though most conventional formulations, such as 5 alpha-reductase, are readily available, systemic assessment of the effectiveness and mechanism of action of the herbal constituents is still necessary to identify novel chemical moieties that can be further developed for maximum efficacy. However, there exist abundant botanicals and medicinal plants across several regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas, which can be further studied and developed for utilization as a potential phytotherapeutic for the management of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Krishnamoorthi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Anand Ganapathy A
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - V M Hari Priya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Alaganandam Kumaran
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Hung SC, Chang LW, Hsiao TH, Lin GC, Wang SS, Li JR, Chen IC. Polygenic risk score predicting susceptibility and outcome of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the Han Chinese. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:49. [PMID: 38778357 PMCID: PMC11110300 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the high prevalence of BPH among elderly men, pinpointing those at elevated risk can aid in early intervention and effective management. This study aimed to explore that polygenic risk score (PRS) is effective in predicting benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) incidence, prognosis and risk of operation in Han Chinese. METHODS A retrospective cohort study included 12,474 male participants (6,237 with BPH and 6,237 non-BPH controls) from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI). Genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide TWB 2.0 SNP Array. PRS was calculated using PGS001865, comprising 1,712 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Logistic regression models assessed the association between PRS and BPH incidence, adjusting for age and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The study also examined the relationship between PSA, prostate volume, and response to 5-α-reductase inhibitor (5ARI) treatment, as well as the association between PRS and the risk of TURP. RESULTS Individuals in the highest PRS quartile (Q4) had a significantly higher risk of BPH compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.274-1.783, p < 0.0001), after adjusting for PSA level. The Q4 group exhibited larger prostate volumes and a smaller volume reduction after 5ARI treatment. The Q1 group had a lower cumulative TURP probability at 3, 5, and 10 years compared to the Q4 group. PRS Q4 was an independent risk factor for TURP. CONCLUSIONS In this Han Chinese cohort, higher PRS was associated with an increased susceptibility to BPH, larger prostate volumes, poorer response to 5ARI treatment, and a higher risk of TURP. Larger prospective studies with longer follow-up are warranted to further validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chun Hung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Chang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Shiang Wang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ri Li
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine and Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chieh Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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David SP, Dunnenberger HM, Choi S, DePersia A, Ilbawi N, Ward C, Wake DT, Khandekar JD, Shannon Y, Hughes K, Miller N, Mangold KA, Sabatini LM, Helseth DL, Xu J, Sanders A, Kaul KL, Hulick PJ. Personalized medicine in a community health system: the NorthShore experience. Front Genet 2023; 14:1308738. [PMID: 38090148 PMCID: PMC10713750 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1308738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic and personalized medicine implementation efforts have largely centered on specialty care in tertiary health systems. There are few examples of fully integrated care systems that span the healthcare continuum. In 2014, NorthShore University HealthSystem launched the Center for Personalized Medicine to catalyze the delivery of personalized medicine. Successful implementation required the development of a scalable family history collection tool, the Genetic and Wellness Assessment (GWA) and Breast Health Assessment (BHA) tools; integrated pharmacogenomics programming; educational programming; electronic medical record integration; and robust clinical decision support tools. To date, more than 225,000 patients have been screened for increased hereditary conditions, such as cancer risk, through these tools in primary care. More than 35,000 patients completed clinical genetic testing following GWA or BHA completion. An innovative program trained more than 100 primary care providers in genomic medicine, activated with clinical decision support and access to patient genetic counseling services and digital healthcare tools. The development of a novel bioinformatics platform (FLYPE) enabled the incorporation of genomics data into electronic medical records. To date, over 4,000 patients have been identified to have a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in a gene with medical management implications. Over 33,000 patients have clinical pharmacogenomics data incorporated into the electronic health record supported by clinical decision support tools. This manuscript describes the evolution, strategy, and successful multispecialty partnerships aligned with health system leadership that enabled the implementation of a comprehensive personalized medicine program with measurable patient outcomes through a genomics-enabled learning health system model that utilizes implementation science frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P. David
- Department of Family Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Outcomes Research Network, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Henry M. Dunnenberger
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Sarah Choi
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Allison DePersia
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Outcomes Research Network, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nadim Ilbawi
- Department of Family Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christopher Ward
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Dyson T. Wake
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Janardan D. Khandekar
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Yvette Shannon
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kristen Hughes
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Nicholas Miller
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Kathy A. Mangold
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Linda M. Sabatini
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Donald L. Helseth
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Alan Sanders
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Karen L. Kaul
- Outcomes Research Network, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Peter J. Hulick
- Mark R. Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Outcomes Research Network, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Guz M, Jeleniewicz W, Cybulski M. Interactions between circRNAs and miR-141 in Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11861. [PMID: 37511619 PMCID: PMC10380543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis and development of cancer is indisputable. Molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis involve the aberrant expression of ncRNAs, including circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are a class of single-stranded, covalently closed RNAs responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis through their diverse functions. As a part of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) network, they play a central role in the regulation of accessibility of miRNAs to their mRNA targets. The interplay between these molecular players is based on the primary role of circRNAs that act as miRNAs sponges, and the circRNA/miRNA imbalance plays a central role in different pathologies including cancer. Herein, we present the latest state of knowledge about interactions between circRNAs and miR-141, a well-known member of the miR-200 family, in malignant transformation, with emphasis on the biological role of circRNA/miR-141/mRNA networks as a future target for novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Guz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Cybulski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Natali PG, Piantelli M, Minacori M, Eufemi M, Imberti L. Improving Whole Tomato Transformation for Prostate Health: Benign Prostate Hypertrophy as an Exploratory Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065795. [PMID: 36982868 PMCID: PMC10055130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that the beneficial properties of single phytonutrients can be better attained when they are taken with the complex of the molecules present in their natural milieu. Tomato, the fruit providing the most comprehensive complex of prostate-health-preserving micronutrients, has been shown to be superior to its single-nutrient counterparts in decreasing the incidence of age-related prostate diseases. Herein, we describe a novel tomato food supplement enriched with olive polyphenols, containing cis-lycopene concentrations far exceeding those present in industry-produced tomato commodities. The supplement, endowed with antioxidant activity comparable to that of N-acetylcysteine, significantly reduced, in experimental animals, the blood levels of prostate-cancer-promoting cytokines. In prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled studies performed on patients affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia, its uptake significantly improved urinary symptoms and quality of life. Therefore, this supplement can complement and, in some cases, be an alternative to current benign prostatic hyperplasia management. Furthermore, the product suppressed carcinogenesis in the TRAMP mouse model of human prostate cancer and interfered with prostate cancer molecular signaling. Thus, it may offer a step forward in exploring the potential of tomato consumption to delay or prevent the onset of age-related prostate diseases in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giorgio Natali
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D'Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mauro Piantelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D'Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Minacori
- Department of Biochemical Science "A. Rossi Fanelli", Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Science "A. Rossi Fanelli", Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Section of Microbiology, University of Brescia, P. le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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