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Zabidi N'A, Zainal NN, Tawakkal ISMA, Mohd Basri MS, Ariffin SH, Naim MN. Effect of thymol on properties of bionanocomposites from poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene succinate)/nanofibrillated cellulose for food packaging application. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126212. [PMID: 37567533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study developed the formulation of active bionanocomposites films endowed with the abilities of high biodegradability and antimicrobials for active packaging applications. The aim of this work was to prepare poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene succinate) (PLA/PBS) blended films reinforced with different concentrations of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and 9 % of thymol essential oil (EO) using the casting method. The active films were further evaluated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); as well as mechanical, physical, water vapour permeability (WVP), thermal analysis (TGA), biodegradation, morphological, and antimicrobial (% reduction of bacteria) testing. The tensile strength (TS) of PLA/PBS blend films increased by 12 % with the incorporation of 2 wt% of NFC. The PLA/PBS/NFC with 9 % thymol EO has a good water barrier performance with its tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus was 13.2 MPa, 13.1 %, and 513 MPa respectively. The presence of NFC promoted the disintegration of PLA/PBS films by 70.5 %. These films promoted the antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. The study demonstrates that the developed films improved the qualities of chicken fillets and have great potential to be used as active bionanocomposites in food packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul 'Afifah Zabidi
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najiha Zainal
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Halal Services, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Halal Services, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hajar Ariffin
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Halal Services, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nazli Naim
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Elhamnia M, Motlagh GH, Jafari SH. Improved barrier properties of biodegradable
PBAT
films for packaging applications using
EVOH
: Morphology, permeability, biodegradation, and mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Elhamnia
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Processing Lab (APMP), School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Azmoon Dana Plastic Co. Polymer Testing & Research Lab Tehran Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Hashemi Motlagh
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Processing Lab (APMP), School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Azmoon Dana Plastic Co. Polymer Testing & Research Lab Tehran Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Jafari
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Processing Lab (APMP), School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran
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3
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Thermal and crystalline properties of biodegradable PCL/PBAT shape memory blends. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-023-01157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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4
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Mtibe A, Motloung MP, Bandyopadhyay J, Ray SS. Synthetic Biopolymers and Their Composites: Advantages and Limitations-An Overview. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100130. [PMID: 34216411 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, polymer science and engineering research has shifted toward the development of environmentally benign polymers to reduce the impact of plastic leakage on the ecosystems. Stringent regulations and concerns regarding conventional polymers are the main driving forces for the development of renewable, biodegradable, sustainable, and environmentally benign materials. Although biopolymers can alleviate plastic-related pollution, several factors dictate the utilization of biopolymers. Herein, an overview of the potential and limitations of synthetic biopolymers and their composites in the context of environmentally benign materials for a sustainable future are presented. The synthetic biopolymer market, technical advancements for different applications, lifecycle analysis, and biodegradability are covered. The current trends, challenges, and opportunities for bioplastic recycling are also discussed. In summary, this review is expected to provide guidelines for future development related to synthetic biopolymer-based sustainable polymeric materials suitable for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanda Mtibe
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Mpho Phillip Motloung
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jayita Bandyopadhyay
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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5
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Zhang Y, Jia S, Pan H, Wang L, Zhang H, Yang H, Dong L. Preparation, characterization and properties of biodegradable poly(butylene adipate‐co‐butylene terephthalate)/thermoplastic poly(propylene carbonate) polyurethane blend films. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Shiling Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Chinese Academy of Science Changchun China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Huiliang Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Chinese Academy of Science Changchun China
- Zhejiang Zhongke Applied Chemistry Technology Co., Ltd. Hangzhou China
| | - Huili Yang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Chinese Academy of Science Changchun China
| | - Lisong Dong
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Chinese Academy of Science Changchun China
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6
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Huang F, Wu L, Li BG. Sulfonated biodegradable PBAT copolyesters with improved gas barrier properties and excellent water dispersibility: From synthesis to structure-property. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Hosseini F, Es’haghi Z. Synthesis of Bio-Nanomagnetite Using Poly(butylene adipate) and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate). J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01584-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Moustafa H, El-Wakil AEAA, Nour MT, Youssef AM. Kenaf fibre treatment and its impact on the static, dynamic, hydrophobicity and barrier properties of sustainable polystyrene biocomposites. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29296-29305. [PMID: 35521099 PMCID: PMC9055917 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05334a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural fibre-polymer adhesion can be improved by treating the fibre surface or polymer. In this study, resorcinol-hexamethylenetetramine mixture (R-HMT) is used as a chemical treatment for kenaf fibre waste to extend the interfacial adhesion between the fibre-polystyrene matrices. The effect of the untreated and treated kenaf fibre (designated as UK and TK fibre) on the thermal (DSC), viscoelastic, mechanical, hydrophobicity, and barrier properties of polystyrene (PS) was studied. Four different percentages of each type of fibre (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) were used. The chemical structure of the TK fibre was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. The compatibility of the fibre-polymer was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the use of the treated fibre at 30 wt%, enhanced the tensile strength by 148% and 212% compared to neat PS and PS/UK-30, respectively, indicating a good fibre bond adhesion. The DMA data demonstrated that the storage modulus increased significantly, especially for the PS/TK-30 composite. Meanwhile, the glass transition temperature (Tg) shifted to a lower temperature for both types of fibre. Also, the hydrophobicity of the PS composites, which was determined by thickness swelling measurements, was improved when the TK fibre was inserted. Furthermore, water vapor and oxygen transmission rates were determined. A good correlation between most of the properties for the PS composite-based treated fibre was observed, which revealed the possibility of using these materials for sustainable automotive components and gas sensitive packaging applications. Natural fibre-polymer adhesion can be improved by treating the fibre surface or polymer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Moustafa
- Polymer Metrology & Technology Department, National Institute of Standards (NIS) Tersa Street, El Haram, PO Box 136 Giza 12211 Giza Egypt +20 2338 6745 1 +201017345800
| | - Abd El-Aziz A El-Wakil
- Polymer Metrology & Technology Department, National Institute of Standards (NIS) Tersa Street, El Haram, PO Box 136 Giza 12211 Giza Egypt +20 2338 6745 1 +201017345800
| | - Mohamed T Nour
- Fire and Explosion Protection Department, National Institute of Standards (NIS) Tersa Street, El Haram, PO Box 136 Giza 12211 Giza Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Youssef
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.) Dokki Giza PO 12622 Egypt
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9
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Jiang G, Wang F, Zhang S, Huang H. Structure and improved properties of PPC/PBAT blends via controlling phase morphology based on melt viscosity. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced ManufacturingSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced ManufacturingSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuidong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced ManufacturingSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Hanxiong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced ManufacturingSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
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10
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de Menezes LR, da Silva EO, Maurat da Rocha LV, Ferreira Barbosa I, Rodrigues Tavares M. The use of clays for chlorhexidine controlled release as a new perspective for longer durability of dentin adhesion. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:132. [PMID: 31786679 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The adhesive systems have the function to establish the connection between the restorative material and dental tissue, therefore it is of fundamental importance, because failures in the adhesive interface can reduce the life of a dental restoration. This study investigated the possibility of using the adhesive layer as a chlorhexidine modified release system evaluating their impact on the properties of these systems as well as evaluating the impact of these systems on immediate and post-aging dentin adhesion. Were used a matrix with BisGMA, UDMA, HEMA and TEGDMA copolymer and clay particles (Dellite 67G); associated with a chlorhexidine and a camphorquinone photoinitiator system. The properties of these systems were evaluated by the XRD, FTIR spectrophotometer, flexural strength, elasticity modulus, drug release, enzymatic inhibition and dentin adhesion resistance. The presence of the clay can raise the mechanical properties of the adhesive systems engendering a more resistant hybrid layer and led to a more sustained release of chlorhexidine in the systems, allowing a longer effective period of MMP-2 inhibition. The hypothesis that the addition of clays as release modulators could increase the effectiveness of these drugs in inhibiting the dentin's MPPs and consequently enhancing the adhesive durability was confirmed. These results indicate that the controlled release of chlorhexidine is able to reduce the process of loss of adhesion presenting itself as a promising system to increase the longevity of dental restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Rodrigues de Menezes
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Emerson Oliveira da Silva
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lizandra Viana Maurat da Rocha
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabel Ferreira Barbosa
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba/Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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11
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A Review of the Synthesis and Applications of Polymer–Nanoclay Composites. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in material technologies have promoted the development of various preparation strategies and applications of novel polymer–nanoclay composites. Innovative synthesis pathways have resulted in novel polymer–nanoclay composites with improved properties, which have been successfully incorporated in diverse fields such as aerospace, automobile, construction, petroleum, biomedical and wastewater treatment. These composites are recognized as promising advanced materials due to their superior properties, such as enhanced density, strength, relatively large surface areas, high elastic modulus, flame retardancy, and thermomechanical/optoelectronic/magnetic properties. The primary focus of this review is to deliver an up-to-date overview of polymer–nanoclay composites along with their synthesis routes and applications. The discussion highlights potential future directions for this emerging field of research.
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12
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Kumar S, Sarita, Nehra M, Dilbaghi N, Tankeshwar K, Kim KH. Recent advances and remaining challenges for polymeric nanocomposites in healthcare applications. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Xie J, Wang Z, Zhao Q, Yang Y, Xu J, Waterhouse GIN, Zhang K, Li S, Jin P, Jin G. Scale-Up Fabrication of Biodegradable Poly(butylene adipate- co-terephthalate)/Organophilic-Clay Nanocomposite Films for Potential Packaging Applications. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1187-1196. [PMID: 31457960 PMCID: PMC6641378 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of biodegradable packing materials is a global priority due to the huge volumes of plastic refuse entering landfills and the environment. In this study, a series of biodegradable nanocomposite films based on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and reinforced with an organophilic layered double hydroxide (OLDH) were scale-up fabricated. The OLDH nanosheets with a basal spacing of 4.07 nm were presynthesized on a large-scale by solvent-free high-energy ball milling. All of the PBAT/OLDH nanocomposite films (0.5-4 wt % OLDH) showed a uniform dispersion of OLDH nanosheets in the PBAT matrix. A PBAT/OLDH film containing 1 wt % OLDH (denoted herein as OLDH-1) demonstrated outstanding thermal, optical, mechanical, and water vapor barrier properties compared with a pure PBAT film (OLDH-0), including a 37% reduction in haze and a 41.9% increase in nominal tensile strain at break dramatically. Furthermore, the food packaging measurement revealed that the OLDH-1 film showed a better packaging effect than the pure PBAT film and commercial polyethylene packing materials. The feasibility of scale-up manufacture and the excellent processability, manufacturing scalability, mechanical performance, optical transparency, water vapor barrier properties, and food packaging performance of the PBAT/OLDH nanocomposite films encourage their future application as biodegradable packaging films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhuo Xie
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong
Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer
Resources, National Engineering & Technology Research Center for
Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, College of Resources and
Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, Kingenta Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd, 19 Xingdaxi Street, Linshu 276700, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhao
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong
Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
- Department
of Basic Courses, Shandong Medicine Technician
College, 999 Fengtian
Road, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuechao Yang
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer
Resources, National Engineering & Technology Research Center for
Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, College of Resources and
Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong
Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Geoffrey I. N. Waterhouse
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong
Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kun Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong
Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Li
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer
Resources, National Engineering & Technology Research Center for
Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, College of Resources and
Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Jin
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer
Resources, National Engineering & Technology Research Center for
Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, College of Resources and
Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Geyang Jin
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer
Resources, National Engineering & Technology Research Center for
Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, College of Resources and
Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
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14
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Moustafa H, El Kissi N, Abou-Kandil AI, Abdel-Aziz MS, Dufresne A. PLA/PBAT Bionanocomposites with Antimicrobial Natural Rosin for Green Packaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:20132-20141. [PMID: 28548818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of biodegradable polymers is of great importance nowadays in many applications. Some of the most commonly used biopolymers are polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) due to their superior properties and availability. In this manuscript, we use a facile and green modification method of organoclay (OC) by antimicrobial natural rosin which is considered as a toxicity-free reinforcing material, thus keeping the green character of the material. It increases the interlayer spacing between the clay platelets. This was proven by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and found to impart antimicrobial properties to PLA/PBAT blends. The morphology of the resulting blends was conducted using scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), and evidence of exfoliation and intercalation was observed. The thermal properties of the blends were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and a detailed study of the crystallization of both PLA and PBAT was reported showing cold crystallization behavior of PLA. The final effect on mechanical and antimicrobial properties was also investigated. The obtained results reveal excellent possibility of using expanded OC modified PLA/PBAT polymer blends by adding a green material, antimicrobial natural rosin, for food packaging and biomembranes applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Moustafa
- Polymer Metrology & Technology Department, National Institute of Standards (NIS) , Tersa Street, El Haram, El-Giza, P.O Box 136, Giza 12211, Egypt
- Grenoble INP, LGP2, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nadia El Kissi
- Grenoble INP, LRP, UJF, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ahmed I Abou-Kandil
- Polymer Metrology & Technology Department, National Institute of Standards (NIS) , Tersa Street, El Haram, El-Giza, P.O Box 136, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Abdel-Aziz
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , 33 El-Behoos St., Dokki-Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Alain Dufresne
- Grenoble INP, LGP2, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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