1
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Sorout M, Bhogal S. Current trends of functional monomers and cross linkers used to produce molecularly imprinted polymers for food analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38907585 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2365337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as artificial synthetic receptors are in high demand for food analysis due to their inherent molecular recognition abilities. It is common practice to employ functional monomers with basic or acidic groups that can interact with analyte molecules via hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds, and other interactions (π-π, dipole-ion, hydrophobic, and Van der Waals). Therefore, selecting the appropriate functional monomer and cross-linker is crucial for determining how precisely they interact with the template and developing the polymeric network's three-dimensional structure. This study summarizes the advancements made in MIP's functional monomers and cross-linkers for food analysis from 2018 to 2023. The subsequent computational design of MIP has been thoroughly explained. The discussion has concluded with a look at the difficulties and prospects for MIP in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Sorout
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Shikha Bhogal
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
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2
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Balcer E, Sobiech M, Luliński P. Molecularly Imprinted Carriers for Diagnostics and Therapy-A Critical Appraisal. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1647. [PMID: 37376096 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous diagnostics and targeted therapy provide a theranostic approach, an instrument of personalized medicine-one of the most-promising trends in current medicine. Except for the appropriate drug used during the treatment, a strong focus is put on the development of effective drug carriers. Among the various materials applied in the production of drug carriers, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are one of the candidates with great potential for use in theranostics. MIP properties such as chemical and thermal stability, together with capability to integrate with other materials are important in the case of diagnostics and therapy. Moreover, the MIP specificity, which is important for targeted drug delivery and bioimaging of particular cells, is a result of the preparation process, conducted in the presence of the template molecule, which often is the same as the target compound. This review focused on the application of MIPs in theranostics. As a an introduction, the current trends in theranostics are described prior to the characterization of the concept of molecular imprinting technology. Next, a detailed discussion of the construction strategies of MIPs for diagnostics and therapy according to targeting and theranostic approaches is provided. Finally, frontiers and future prospects are presented, stating the direction for further development of this class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Balcer
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Sobiech
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Luliński
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Babaeipour V, Jabbari F. Pre-polymerization process simulation, synthesis and investigation the properties of dipicolinic acid molecularly imprinted polymers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37362956 PMCID: PMC10081820 DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their structure predictability, recognition specificity, and universal application, as well as robustness, simplicity, and cheapness. In this study, firstly, the pre-polymerization process of molecularly imprinted polymer of dipicolinic acid (DPA) was simulated by molecular dynamics. Then, the appropriate functional monomer molecule for printing was selected and its intermolecular bond with the DPA molecule was evaluated. The monomers 2-vinyl pyridine, acrylic acid (AA), and methacrylic acid (MAA) were selected with potential energies of 3.93 kcal/mol, 3.15 kcal/mol, and 2.78 kcal/mol, respectively. Finally, the ability of functional groups to form hydrogen bonds was estimated, and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) were synthesized by bulk polymerization. MAA and AA were used as functional monomers to identify DPA molecules. The morphology of MIP and NIP was investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Their performance was evaluated in the absorption of DPA molecules and picolinic acid (PA) molecules and the printing factor of synthesis polymers. The results showed that fabricated MIPs can be used in the structure of sensors, and the synthesis process is a key factor that significantly affects the polymer properties. The MIP based on the AA monomer showed a higher adsorption rate/capacity and maximum printing factor than MAA monomer-based MIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valiollah Babaeipour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Jabbari
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), P.O. Box: 31787-316, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Zhang Y, Tan L, Wang K, Wang N, Wang J. Highly Efficient Selective Extraction of Chlorpyrifos Residues from Apples by Magnetic Microporous Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Prepared by Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Surface Polymerization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1046-1055. [PMID: 36621942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos, as a moderate toxic organophosphorus pesticide, is prone to lingering in the environment and cannot be monitored easily. In this study, a magnetic, microporous, molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized by using the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization method. The synthesized materials were properly characterized in terms of morphology, selectivity, and sorption capacity and used as sorbents for magnetic solid phase extraction for the selective determination of chlorpyrifos in apple samples. Results showed that the magnetic microporous molecularly imprinted materials were rough and porous spheres at an average size of 5 nm. The materials were highly selective toward chlorpyrifos with a superior sorption capacity of 167.99 mg·g-1 and were resistant to the interference of competitive pollutants. After optimization, the recoveries of chlorpyrifos reached 96.2-106.5%, and the detection limit was 0.028 μg·kg-1 by HPLC. Based on these analytical validation results, the developed method could be effective at determining chlorpyrifos in apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
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5
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Boventi M, Mauri M, Golker K, Wiklander JG, Nicholls IA, Simonutti R. Porosity of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Investigated by 129Xe NMR Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:8740-8749. [PMID: 36532888 PMCID: PMC9745730 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) display intriguing recognition properties and can be used as sensor recognition elements or in separation. In this work, we investigated the formation of hierarchical porosity of compositionally varied MIPs using 129Xe Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and 1H Time Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR). Variable temperature 129Xe NMR established the morphological variation with respect to the degree of cross-linking, supported by 1H TD-NMR determination of polymer chain mobility. Together, the results indicate that a high degree of cross-linking stabilizes the porous structure: highly cross-linked samples display a significant amount of accessible mesopores that instead collapse in less structured polymers. No significant differences can be detected due to the presence of templated pores in molecularly imprinted polymers: in the dry state, these specific shapes are too small to accommodate xenon atoms, which, instead, probe higher levels in the porous structure, allowing their study in detail. Additional resonances at a high chemical shift are detected in the 129Xe NMR spectra. Even though their chemical shifts are compatible with xenon dissolved in bulk polymers, variable temperature experiments rule out this possibility. The combination of 129Xe and TD-NMR data allows attribution of these resonances to softer superficial regions probed by xenon in the NMR time scale. This can contribute to the understanding of the surface dynamics of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Boventi
- Department
of Materials Science, Università
degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Mauri
- Department
of Materials Science, Università
degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Kerstin Golker
- Linnaeus
University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Jesper G. Wiklander
- Linnaeus
University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ian A. Nicholls
- Linnaeus
University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Bioorganic and Biophysical
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Roberto Simonutti
- Department
of Materials Science, Università
degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125, Milano, Italy
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7
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Abstract
The development of an elution-free solid-phase extraction (SPE) process is of special interest in sample pretreatment. Due to the phase-change merits at relatively low temperatures and easy dissolution in n-hexane, wax spheres show great potential in this field. However, the conventional wax spheres possess a low affinity towards the target analytes when they are used as SPE adsorbents. In this study, using octadecanoic acid as the functional monomer and wax as the matrix, molecularly imprinted wax (MIW) spheres were successfully prepared. The obtained MIW spheres displayed remarkable molecular recognition ability and high selectivity towards the template. Interestingly, the as-synthesized molecularly imprinted wax (MIW) could be dissolved in n-hexane or melted by heating for subsequent fluorescence and mass spectrum analysis without the target elution process. Moreover, the melted MIW exhibited high repeatability, sensitivity and specificity for solid-state fluorescence detection. We believe that the imprinting method presented in this study will open a new window in analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Xiantao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Suryana S, Mutakin M, Rosandi Y, Hasanah AN. Rational design of salmeterol xinafoate imprinted polymer through computational method: Functional monomer and crosslinker selection. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shendi Suryana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Sumedang Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Garut Garut Indonesia
| | - Mutakin Mutakin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Sumedang Indonesia
| | - Yudi Rosandi
- Geophysic Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran Sumedang Indonesia
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Sumedang Indonesia
- Drug Development Study Center Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Sumedang Indonesia
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9
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Nicholls IA, Golker K, Olsson GD, Suriyanarayanan S, Wiklander JG. The Use of Computational Methods for the Development of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2841. [PMID: 34502881 PMCID: PMC8434026 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the use of theoretical and computational approaches in the study and development of molecular imprinting systems. These tools are being used to either improve understanding of the mechanisms underlying the function of molecular imprinting systems or for the design of new systems. Here, we present an overview of the literature describing the application of theoretical and computational techniques to the different stages of the molecular imprinting process (pre-polymerization mixture, polymerization process and ligand-molecularly imprinted polymer rebinding), along with an analysis of trends within and the current status of this aspect of the molecular imprinting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Nicholls
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden; (K.G.); (G.D.O.); (S.S.); (J.G.W.)
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10
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Guiding Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Design by Pharmacophore Modeling. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165101. [PMID: 34443687 PMCID: PMC8402217 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) combine the selectivity of immunoaffinity chromatography with the robustness of common solid-phase extraction in what is referred to as molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE). This contribution shows how MIP design may be guided by pharmacophore modeling for the example of citrinin, which is an emerging mycotoxin from cereals. The obtained pharmacophore model allowed searching public databases for a set of citrinin-mimicking molecular surrogates. Imprinted and non-imprinted polymers were subsequently obtained through bulk and core-shell polymerization in the presence of these surrogates. Evaluation of their binding ability for citrinin and structurally related ochratoxin A revealed a promising MIP derived from rhodizonic acid. A protocol for MISPE of citrinin from cereals was subsequently developed and compared to immunoaffinity chromatography with respect to clean-up efficiency and recovery.
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11
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Janczura M, Luliński P, Sobiech M. Imprinting Technology for Effective Sorbent Fabrication: Current State-of-Art and Future Prospects. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081850. [PMID: 33917896 PMCID: PMC8068262 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last 10 years, we have witnessed an extensive development of instrumental techniques in analytical methods for determination of various molecules and ions at very low concentrations. Nevertheless, the presence of interfering components of complex samples hampered the applicability of new analytical strategies. Thus, additional sample pre-treatment steps were proposed to overcome the problem. Solid sorbents were used for clean-up samples but insufficient selectivity of commercial materials limited their utility. Here, the application of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) or ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) in the separation processes have recently attracted attention due to their many advantages, such as high selectivity, robustness, and low costs of the fabrication process. Bulk or monoliths, microspheres and core-shell materials, magnetically susceptible and stir-bar imprinted materials are applicable to different modes of solid-phase extraction to determine target analytes and ions in a very complex environment such as blood, urine, soil, or food. The capability to perform a specific separation of enantiomers is a substantial advantage in clinical analysis. The ion-imprinted sorbents gained interest in trace analysis of pollutants in environmental samples. In this review, the current synthetic approaches for the preparation of MIPs and IIPs are comprehensively discussed together with a detailed characterization of respective materials. Furthermore, the use of sorbents in environmental, food, and biomedical analyses will be emphasized to point out current limits and highlight the future prospects for further development in the field.
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12
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Topete A, Barahona I, Santos LF, Pinto CA, Saraiva JA, Paula Serro A, Saramago B. The effects of addition of functional monomers and molecular imprinting on dual drug release from intraocular lens material. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120513. [PMID: 33766642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although cataract surgery is considered a safe procedure, post-surgery complications such as endophthalmitis and ocular inflammation, may occur. To prevent this, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories are prescribed in the form of eye drops during the post-operatory period, but they lead to a low drug bioavailability in target tissues. The objective of this work is to develop an intraocular lens (IOL) material to deliver simultaneously one antibiotic, moxifloxacin (MXF), and one anti-inflammatory, diclofenac (DFN), in therapeutic concentrations to prevent both complications. The IOL material was modified through the incorporation of functional monomers, as well as molecular imprinting with both drugs using the same functional monomers, namely acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA), 4-vinylpiridine (4-VP) and a combination of MAA + 4-VP. The best results were obtained with MAA. Molecular imprinting did not influence the drug release, except with AA. Application of a mathematical model predicted that the released MXF and DFN concentrations would stay above the pre-determined MIC of S. aureus and S. epidermidis and the minimum values of IC50 of COX-1 and COX-2, for 9 and 14 days, respectively. Antibacterial tests showed that the released antibiotic remained active. The physical properties of the drug-loaded MAA-hydrogel remained adequate. The developed system proved to be non-irritant and non-cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Topete
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Barahona
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Luís F Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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13
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Wang F, Wang D, Wang T, Jin Y, Ling B, Li Q, Li J. A simple approach to prepare fluorescent molecularly imprinted nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7732-7737. [PMID: 35423232 PMCID: PMC8694954 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10618f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymers (FMIPs) are gaining increasing attention in analytical and medical sciences, particularly silica-based FMIPs due to their low cost, environmentally friendly nature and good biocompatibility. However, at present, silica-based FMIPs are usually prepared through several steps and displayed low selectivity. Here, a simple approach was utilized for preparing silica-based FMIP nanoparticles. The polymerization was initiated by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), which also acted as the functional monomer in the imprinting system; in addition, to achieve one-pot synthesis, a fluorescent monomer was prepared by a simple reaction between fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and APTES. The as-synthesized FMIP nanoparticles displayed high specificity and fast response time (<1 min) towards the target molecule. Environmental pH and buffer salt could affect the specific recognition behaviors of the FMIP nanoparticles. Such a simple catalyst-free synthetic technique could also be employed for the preparation of FMIP nanoparticles targeting other acidic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenying Wang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Baoping Ling
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
- The High Performance Computing Center, Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China
| | - Qianjin Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jianlin Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
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14
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Olsson GD, Wiklander JG, Nicholls IA. Using Molecular Dynamics in the Study of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2359:241-268. [PMID: 34410675 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1629-1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of prepolymerization mixtures can provide detailed insights concerning the molecular-level mechanisms underlying the performance of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and can be used for the in silico screening of candidate polymer systems. Here, we describe the use of MD simulations of all-atom, all-component MIP prepolymerization mixtures and procedures for the evaluation of the simulation data using the Amber simulation software suite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustaf D Olsson
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Jesper G Wiklander
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ian A Nicholls
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
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15
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Lowdon JW, Diliën H, Singla P, Peeters M, Cleij TJ, van Grinsven B, Eersels K. MIPs for commercial application in low-cost sensors and assays - An overview of the current status quo. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2020; 325:128973. [PMID: 33012991 PMCID: PMC7525251 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.128973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged over the past few decades as interesting synthetic alternatives due to their long-term chemical and physical stability and low-cost synthesis procedure. They have been integrated into many sensing platforms and assay formats for the detection of various targets, ranging from small molecules to macromolecular entities such as pathogens and whole cells. Despite the advantages MIPs have over natural receptors in terms of commercialization, the striking success stories of biosensor applications such as the glucose meter or the self-test for pregnancy have not been matched by MIP-based sensor or detection kits yet. In this review, we zoom in on the commercial potential of MIP technology and aim to summarize the latest developments in their commercialization and integration into sensors and assays with high commercial potential. We will also analyze which bottlenecks are inflicting with commercialization and how recent advances in commercial MIP synthesis could overcome these obstacles in order for MIPs to truly achieve their commercial potential in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pankaj Singla
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for advanced studies-1, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Nagy-Szakolczai A, Sváb-Kovács A, Krezinger A, Tóth B, Nyulászi L, Horvai G. The molecular imprinting effect of propranolol and dibenzylamine as model templates: Binding strength and selectivity. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1125:258-266. [PMID: 32674772 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown anomalies with the most studied non-covalent molecularly imprinted polymer, the propranolol imprinted one. This imprinted polymer, like many others, binds more template than the non-imprinted control polymer, but its selectivity in template adsorption is only slightly or not at all improved by imprinting, depending on the compound compared. The reasons for this anomaly are discovered here. Simple experiments show that acid homoassociation in the prepolymerisation complex is the likely cause of the anomaly. The specific conductivity of prepolymerization mixtures at different functional monomer to template ratios follows a pattern observed in homoassociating systems. Analysis of the optimal prepolymerization mixture shows that on average two molecules of the functional monomer are complexed to the basic template, even if the template lacks any other hydrogen bonding functional group than the amino group. Molecular modeling calculations provide the structure and stability of the homoassociated prepolymerization complexes. These results lead to a plausible interpretation of the anomaly, which may not be unique for the propranolol imprinted polymer, but may affect all imprinted polymers made for basic templates by using acidic functional monomers. The analytical applications of the new imprinting model are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett Nagy-Szakolczai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Sváb-Kovács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Krezinger
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Blanka Tóth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - László Nyulászi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - George Horvai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert Ter 4., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
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Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Surface Imprinted Polymers Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Infectious Diseases. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20040996. [PMID: 32069788 PMCID: PMC7071405 DOI: 10.3390/s20040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their merits of simple, fast, sensitive, and low cost, electrochemical biosensors have been widely used for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. As a critical element, the receptor determines the selectivity, stability, and accuracy of the electrochemical biosensors. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) have great potential to be robust artificial receptors. Therefore, extensive studies have been reported to develop MIPs/SIPs for the detection of infectious diseases with high selectivity and reliability. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of recognition events between imprinted polymers with different biomarkers, such as signaling molecules, microbial toxins, viruses, and bacterial and fungal cells. Then, various preparation methods of MIPs/SIPs for electrochemical biosensors are summarized. Especially, the methods of electropolymerization and micro-contact imprinting are emphasized. Furthermore, applications of MIPs/SIPs based electrochemical biosensors for infectious disease detection are highlighted. At last, challenges and perspectives are discussed.
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Sobiech M, Giebułtowicz J, Luliński P. Theoretical and experimental proof for selective response of imprinted sorbent - analysis of hordenine in human urine. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1613:460677. [PMID: 31727352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to extend comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigations at the molecular level to identify factors responsible for the high selectivity of imprinted sorbents. This knowledge was utilized in a new analytical strategy devoted to the analysis of hordenine in human urine after beer consumption. Among the various polymeric compositions tested, the most effective material was built up from methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (MIP1), showing a satisfactory binding capacity (4.44 ± 0.15 µmol g-1) and high specificity towards hordenine (AF = 5.90). The comprehensive analyses of porosity data and surface measurements revealed differences between imprinted polymers. The characterization of binding sites of MIP1 revealed a heterogeneous population with two values of Kd (2.75 and 370 μmol L-1) and two values of Bmax (1.82 and 99 μmol g-1) for higher and lower affinity respectively. The extensive theoretical analyses of interactions between various analytes and the MIP model cavity showed the highest binding energy for hordenine (ΔEB1 = -175.17 kcal mol-1). The method was validated for selectivity, lowest limit of quantification, calibration curve performance, precision, accuracy, matrix effect, carry-over and stability in urine. Extracts were prepared according to guidelines of the European Medicines Agency. The validation criteria were fulfilled, and the method was satisfactorily applied to urine samples collected prior to, and 2 h after, consumption of 2 L of beer, revealing the presence of hordenine at the mean level of 129 ± 27 ng mL-1. Additionally, ability of the sorbent to purify the urine sample was assessed using flow injection analysis tandem mass spectrometry, for comparison with other extraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sobiech
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Giebułtowicz
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Luliński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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19
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Sobiech M, Bujak P, Luliński P, Pron A. Semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer hybrid nanomaterials and their application in molecular imprinting. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:12030-12074. [PMID: 31204762 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02585e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are attractive semiconductor fluorescent nanomaterials with remarkable optical and electrical properties. The broad absorption spectra and high stability of QD transducers are advantageous for sensing and bioimaging. Molecular imprinting is a technique for manufacturing synthetic polymeric materials with a high recognition ability towards a target analyte. The high selectivity of the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is a result of the fabrication process based on the template-tailored polymerization of functional monomers. The three-dimensional cavities formed in the polymer network can serve as the recognition elements of sensors because of their specificity and stability. Appending specific molecularly imprinted layers to QDs is a promising strategy to enhance the stability, sensitivity, and selective fluorescence response of the resulting sensors. By merging the benefits of MIPs and QDs, inventive optical sensors are constructed. In this review, the recent synthetic strategies used for the fabrication of QD nanocrystals emphasizing various approaches to effective functionalization in aqueous environments are discussed followed by a detailed presentation of current advances in QD conjugated MIPs (MIP-QDs). Frontiers in manufacturing of specific imprinted layers of these nanomaterials are presented and factors affecting the specific behaviour of an MIP shell are identified. Finally, current limitations of MIP-QDs are defined and prospects are outlined to amplify the capability of MIP-QDs in future sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sobiech
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bujak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Luliński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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Choi JR, Yong KW, Choi JY, Cowie AC. Progress in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Biomedical Applications. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2019; 22:78-88. [DOI: 10.2174/1386207322666190325115526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs), a type of biomimetic materials
have attracted considerable interest owing to their cost-effectiveness, good physiochemical
stability, favorable specificity and selectivity for target analytes, and long shelf life. These
materials are able to mimic natural recognition entities, including biological receptors and
antibodies, providing a versatile platform to achieve the desirable functionality for various
biomedical applications.
Objective:
In this review article, we introduce the most recent development of MIPs to date. We
first highlight the advantages of using MIPs for a broad range of biomedical applications. We then
review their various methods of synthesis along with their latest progress in biomedical
applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, cell imaging and drug discovery. Lastly, the
existing challenges and future perspectives of MIPs for biomedical applications are briefly
discussed.
Conclusion:
We envision that MIPs may be used as potential materials for diverse biomedical
applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Ru Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2054–6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kar Wey Yong
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jean Yu Choi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair C. Cowie
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
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Huang YJ, Chang R, Zhu QJ. Synthesis and Characterization of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer of Spermidine and the Exploration of Its Molecular Recognition Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1389. [PMID: 30961314 PMCID: PMC6401967 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermidine is a functional ingredient that can extend the lifespan of many foods and indicate meat safety. However, its synthesis and enrichment is expensive and complex. To develop an effective separation material that can offer highly selective recognition of spermidine, we first applied non-covalent molecular imprinting technology using methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker. The adsorption properties of the polymers were analyzed using the Scatchard equation, the Lagergren kinetic equation, and the static distribution coefficient. The optimal polymerization molar ratio of the template molecule spermidine to the functional monomer was 1:4, the maximum adsorption amount was 97.75 μmol/g, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 300 min. The selective experiment showed that the interfering substances tyramine and histamine had selectivity factor α values of 2.01 and 1.78, respectively, indicating that the prepared polymer had good spermidine recognition ability. The density function theory calculations showed that the hydrogen bond strength, steric effect, and product energy caused adsorption and separation differences among the different imprinted polymer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Huang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
- College of Food Safety, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Rui Chang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Qiu-Jin Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Koler A, Gornik T, Kosjek T, Jeřabek K, Krajnc P. Preparation of molecularly imprinted copoly(acrylic acid-divinylbenzene) for extraction of environmentally relevant sertraline residues. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Nagy-Szakolczai A, Dorkó Z, Tóth B, Horvai G. New Methods to Study the Behavior of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Aprotic Solvents. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1015. [PMID: 30960940 PMCID: PMC6403568 DOI: 10.3390/polym10091015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This work presents three new experimental methods for studying molecular imprinting. The electric conductivity measurements of the pre-polymerization mixture of amine templates in an aprotic solvent provide evidence of ionic dissociation of the pre-polymerization complexes. The displacement measurement of the template propranolol from its molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) using a quaternary ammonium ion in toluene, shows that this MIP behaves as an ion exchanger even in a non-polar solvent. The same experiment also shows that template binding to the MIP from toluene involves ionic interaction. The third experimental method introduced here serves to study the models of template binding on MIPs. To this end the binding isotherm of propranolol (PR) has been measured on a polymer mixture consisting of non-imprinted control polymer (NIP) and a stronger binding acidic polymer, respectively. All three methods are suitable for studying several other imprinting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett Nagy-Szakolczai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert ter 4., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsanett Dorkó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert ter 4., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-BME Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry, Szent Gellert ter 4., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Blanka Tóth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert ter 4., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - George Horvai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellert ter 4., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-BME Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry, Szent Gellert ter 4., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
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