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Johnson JC, Venna R, Alzweri L. A propensity score-matched analysis of intra- and postoperative penile prosthetic complications in the solid organ transplant population. Sex Med Rev 2024; 12:240-248. [PMID: 38216148 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qead057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Solid organ transplant (SOT) has an anticipated higher risk of penile prosthesis (PP) complications related to immunosuppression and surgical approach post-SOT. It is still not determined if PP surgery in the SOT population incurs these same higher risks. OBJECTIVES To observe differences in intra- and postoperative PP complications between SOT and non-SOT cases from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, a large real-world database of deidentified patient data from 56 health care organizations within the United States. METHODS We used the TriNetX database to perform a propensity score-matched cohort study comparing 10-year outcomes between patients with and without a SOT (kidney, heart, lung, liver, pancreas, and intestine) who underwent a PP procedure. Cohorts were matched on age, race/ethnicity, history of pelvic and abdominal surgery, overweight and obesity status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, substance use disorders, socioeconomic difficulties, anticoagulant/antiplatelet medications, and spinal cord injury. Outcomes included intra- and perioperative complications as well as prosthetic complications (mechanical malfunction, fibrosis, displacement, hemorrhage, pain, stenosis, removal with or without replacement, and complex [all postoperative complications]). RESULTS There were 233 patients in each group after matching (SOT and non-SOT). The mean ± SD age at the prosthesis procedure was 59.7 ± 9.89 years, and 44% of patients were White (P > .05). There was no significant difference for incidence of intra- and perioperative complications (2.62% vs 2.19%, P = .76). The SOT group did not have a higher 10-year incidence of complex complications (30.58% vs 27.51%, P = .11) or mechanical malfunction (10.35% vs 11.62%, P = .25) when compared with the non-SOT group. No difference was found for other prosthetic-related complications (P > .05). CONCLUSION In our analysis, patients with a SOT were not more likely to experience long-term complications related to PP. Surgeons performing PP surgery in the SOT population may consider this procedure a potentially safe and viable option for restoring erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Johnson
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Rahul Venna
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Laith Alzweri
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
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2
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Sonam F, Komforti MK, Jakub JW, Cornell LF, Robinson KA. Rare Presentation of Papillary Carcinoma Within a Sentinel Lymph Node in a Patient With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast: A Challenging but Useful Case Report Discussion Regarding Displacement or True Metastasis? Int J Surg Pathol 2024:10668969241235316. [PMID: 38500348 DOI: 10.1177/10668969241235316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Papillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare histologic subtype of invasive breast cancer. In contrast, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive, nonobligate precursor to invasive mammary carcinoma, confined within the terminal duct lobular unit of the breast and surrounded by an intact myoepithelial cell layer at the stromal/epithelial interface. We present an unusual case in which a patient with only DCIS of the breast exhibited papillary carcinoma within a sentinel lymph node, leading to questions about the origin of the lymph node lesion-whether it represents a true metastasis or iatrogenic displacement during diagnostic procedures. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges and clinical implications associated with such rare presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fnu Sonam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Research in Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Miglena K Komforti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - James W Jakub
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Florida Radiation, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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3
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Cadorin C, Purgato M, Turrini G, Prina E, Cabral Ferreira M, Cristofalo D, Bartucz MB, Witteveen AB, Sijbrandij M, Papola D, Barbui C. Mapping the evidence on psychosocial interventions for migrant populations: Descriptive analysis of a living database of randomized studies. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e35. [PMID: 38572262 PMCID: PMC10988138 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Migrant mental health is a pressing public health issue with wide-ranging implications. Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted in this population to assess the effects of psychosocial interventions. However, the available evidence is characterized by controversy and fragmentation, with studies focusing on different migrant populations, interventions, outcomes, delivery modalities and settings. Aiming to promote systematic reviews of the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in different migrant groups, we have developed a living database of existing RCTs. The development of the database provides an opportunity to map the existing RCT evidence in this population. A total of 135 studies involving 24,859 participants were included in the living database. The distribution of studies by year of publication aligns with the increasing global migrant population in recent years. Most studies focus primarily on adult participants, with a limited representation of children and adolescents, and a prevalence of female participants, which is consistent with epidemiological data, except for older adults, who are underrepresented in research. Studies predominantly focus on refugees and asylum seekers, likely due to their elevated risk of mental health issues, despite the substantial presence of economic migrants worldwide. While studies mainly involve migrants from the Middle East and East Asia, epidemiological data suggest a broader geographic representation, with migrants coming from Eastern Europe, Latin America and South Asia. The present descriptive analysis of RCTs on mental health and psychosocial interventions for migrant populations provides valuable insights into the existing research landscape. It should be used to inform future research efforts, ensuring that studies are more representative of the global migrant population and more responsive to the mental health needs of migrants in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Cadorin
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marianna Purgato
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Turrini
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Prina
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Madalena Cabral Ferreira
- Public Health Unit of the Primary Care Cluster of Famalicão, Northern Region Health Administration, Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Doriana Cristofalo
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Monica B. Bartucz
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anke B. Witteveen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Institute and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Davide Papola
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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4
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Greene MC, Wimer G, Larrea M, Mejia Jimenez I, Armijos A, Angulo A, Guevara ME, Vega C, Heard EW, Demis L, Benavides L, Corrales C, de la Cruz A, Lopez MJ, Moyano A, Murcia A, Noboa MJ, Rodriguez A, Solis J, Vergara D, Andersen LS, Cristobal M, Wainberg M, Bonz AG, Tol W. Strategies to improve the implementation and effectiveness of community-based psychosocial support interventions for displaced, migrant and host community women in Latin America. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e32. [PMID: 38572247 PMCID: PMC10988141 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As evidence supporting the effectiveness of mental health and psychosocial interventions grows, more research is needed to understand optimal strategies for improving their implementation in diverse contexts. We conducted a qualitative process evaluation of a multicomponent psychosocial intervention intended to promote well-being among refugee, migrant and host community women in three diverse contexts in Ecuador and Panamá. The objective of this study is to describe the relationships among implementation determinants, strategies and outcomes of this community-based psychosocial intervention. The five implementation strategies used in this study included stakeholder engagement, promoting intervention adaptability, group and community-based delivery format, task sharing and providing incentives. We identified 10 adaptations to the intervention and its implementation, most of which were made during pre-implementation. Participants (n = 77) and facilitators (n = 30) who completed qualitative interviews reported that these strategies largely improved the implementation of the intervention across key outcomes and aligned with the study's intervention and implementation theory of change models. Participants and facilitators also proposed additional strategies for improving reach, implementation and maintenance of this community-based psychosocial intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Claire Greene
- Program on Forced Migration and Health, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabrielle Wimer
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Larrea
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ingrid Mejia Jimenez
- Program on Forced Migration and Health, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Vega
- HIAS Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emily W. Heard
- Program on Forced Migration and Health, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lina Demis
- Program on Forced Migration and Health, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lena S. Andersen
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Milton Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Wietse Tol
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Athena Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Ali A. Displacement in Place and the Financial Crisis in Lebanon. J Refug Stud 2024; 37:201-219. [PMID: 38559595 PMCID: PMC10977867 DOI: 10.1093/jrs/fead076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Displacement is underway in Lebanon after financial collapse, but not as events of migration, rather, as processual disruption to people's lives that begins in place, preceding the potential outcome of forced migration. Financial collapse has shifted the population into extremes of constraint, dispossessing them of assets needed to live in valued ways. Widely circulated claims of an exodus are premature. Historic mass emigration from Lebanon occurred in times of capital availability whilst today's financial collapse denies most people of the capital needed to emigrate. Migration remains limited to the few with social and cultural capital unaffected by the crisis. This article was prompted by the author's observations of financial collapse whilst living in Lebanon in 2020 and long-standing engagement with the country. Regardless of whether mass emigration occurs, perhaps after the economy's recapitalization, the displacement process already underway warrants attention from refugee and forced migration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ali
- Geography Department, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK
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6
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Greene MC, Busse A, Ventevogel P, Kane J, Ezard N. Moving from feasible to essential: Progress and future directions for promoting the implementation of substance use services for forcibly displaced populations in humanitarian settings. Addiction 2024; 119:408-410. [PMID: 37968774 DOI: 10.1111/add.16386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Claire Greene
- Program on Forced Migration and Health, Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Anja Busse
- Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ventevogel
- Public Health Section, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Kane
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Nadine Ezard
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
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Johansson J, Ericsson M, Axelsson J, Bjerkén SA, Virel A, Karalija N. Amphetamine-induced dopamine release in rat: Whole-brain spatiotemporal analysis with [ 11C]raclopride and positron emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:434-445. [PMID: 37882727 PMCID: PMC10870964 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Whole-brain mapping of drug effects are needed to understand the neural underpinnings of drug-related behaviors. Amphetamine administration is associated with robust increases in striatal dopamine (DA) release. Dopaminergic terminals are, however, present across several associative brain regions, which may contribute to behavioral effects of amphetamine. Yet the assessment of DA release has been restricted to a few brain regions of interest. The present work employed positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]raclopride to investigate regional and temporal characteristics of amphetamine-induced DA release across twenty sessions in adult female Sprague Dawley rats. Amphetamine was injected intravenously (2 mg/kg) to cause displacement of [11C]raclopride binding from DA D2-like receptors, assessed using temporally sensitive pharmacokinetic PET model (lp-ntPET). We show amphetamine-induced [11C]raclopride displacement in the basal ganglia, and no changes following saline injections. Peak occupancy was highest in nucleus accumbens, followed by caudate-putamen and globus pallidus. Importantly, significant amphetamine-induced displacement was also observed in several extrastriatal regions, and specifically in thalamus, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, and secondary somatosensory area. For these, peak occupancy occurred later and was lower as compared to the striatum. Collectively, these findings demonstrate distinct amphetamine-induced DA responses across the brain, and that [11C]raclopride-PET can be employed to detect such spatiotemporal differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarkko Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Jan Axelsson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sara af Bjerkén
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ana Virel
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nina Karalija
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Lu T, Khampang P, Beydoun A, Berezovsky A, Rohde R, Hong W, Yu B, Kerschner JE. Continuous monitoring of endotracheal tube position with near infrared light. J Biomed Opt 2024; 29:035001. [PMID: 38476221 PMCID: PMC10928496 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.3.035001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Significance Endotracheal intubation is a common approach for airway management in critically ill patients. However, the position of the endotracheal tube (ETT) may be altered during the procedure due to head movements. Accidental displacement or dislodge of the ETT may reduce the airflow, leading to moderate to severe complications, and in some cases even fatality. Therefore, timely detection of changes in ETT position in the trachea is critical to ensure immediate and intermediate interventions to maintain the ETT in the proper position. Currently, there are no widely utilized tools for real-time monitoring of ETT positions. Aim The goal of this study is to develop a cost-effective and easy-to-use near-infrared (NIR) device, named Opt-ETT, capable of continuously monitoring the ETT position in the trachea of a patient. Approach A side-firing fiber is attached to the side of the ETT to illuminate the trachea tissue with NIR light, and a detector board containing five phototransistors is affixed to the chest skin to measure the intensity of diffusely transmitted light. Displacement of the ETT is estimated using second-order polynomial fitting to the ratios of the phototransistor readings. Monte Carlo simulations, ex vivo experiment on porcine tissue, and in vivo experiments using a swine model have been conducted to assess the feasibility of the device. Results The design of the Opt-ETT device has been verified by the Monte Carlo simulations and ex vivo experiment. The estimation of displacement from in vivo experiments using the Opt-ETT exhibited a high degree of agreement with that measured by a reference sensor, with a discrepancy between - 1.0 to + 1.5 mm within a displacement range from - 15 to + 15 mm . Conclusions The Opt-ETT device provides a potentially cost-effective solution for real-time and continuous monitoring of ETT position in patient during an intubation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Lu
- Marquette University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Pawjai Khampang
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ahmed Beydoun
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Anna Berezovsky
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Wenzhou Hong
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Bing Yu
- Marquette University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Joseph E. Kerschner
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
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Tewson C, Kirby S. Intradental Displacement of a Deciduous Tooth Root in a Dog. J Vet Dent 2024:8987564241232856. [PMID: 38374661 DOI: 10.1177/08987564241232856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
This case study describes the diagnosis and treatment of a deciduous left maxillary canine tooth root that had been displaced into the pulp of the developing permanent left maxillary canine tooth in a 23-month-old female neutered Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. The patient was initially presented for bilateral persistent deciduous maxillary canine teeth extraction. Seventeen months later the permanent left maxillary canine tooth was found to be non-vital and tooth development had ceased prior to apical closure. Radiographs revealed a radio-opaque dentine-like structure and straight line centrally within the pulp of the permanent tooth. The displacement of the deciduous tooth into the developing permanent tooth was confirmed. This unusual potential complication should be considered when performing deciduous teeth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Tewson
- Dentistry, The Ralph Veterinary Referral Centre, Marlow, UK
| | - Simone Kirby
- Dentistry, The Ralph Veterinary Referral Centre, Marlow, UK
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Aedla M, Cheng CJ, Zhou AY, Zhang S, Hsu J, Hu K, Qian JC, de Sompel KV, Ho A, Sharma KV, Logsdon EA. Design and Evaluation of a Spoke-Based Double-Lumen Pediatric Gastrostomy Tube. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:263. [PMID: 38397375 PMCID: PMC10888183 DOI: 10.3390/children11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Gastrostomy tubes (G-tubes) are the gold standard for feeding assistance for children with feeding dysfunction. Current G-tubes pose complications that interrupt the delivery of feed, including tube displacement and difficulty of at-home use. This study details an alternative, spoke-based, double-lumen G-tube design and preliminary validation of its function and usability. Pull force testing was performed on spoke G-tube models across three sizes and two classifications (hard/soft). Preliminary models were evaluated against market standards. Though the pull force of the spoke model was found to be lower than that of both market standards, hard modifications to the spoke model improved retentive force. Ease of use was tested amongst users unfamiliar with G-tube placement. The spoke design required 12.3 ± 4.7 s to deploy, less than half the time required for market standards. However, balloon G-tubes were still perceived to be easiest to use by 70% of participants, with indications that a spoke design may be easier to use if sized similarly to current G-tubes, with auxiliary improvements to factors such as grip. While there is a need for improvements in the material properties and manufacturing of the proposed design, this study provides early validation of the potential to address complications of existing G-tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihika Aedla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
- College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Charlotte J. Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Anson Y. Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Siya Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Jocelyn Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Katherine Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason C. Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Kevin Van de Sompel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Anthony Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karun V. Sharma
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA;
| | - Elizabeth A. Logsdon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA (A.Y.Z.); (K.H.); (K.V.d.S.); (E.A.L.)
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11
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Liu B, Guan S, Wang F, Zhang X, Yu T, Wei R. Research on the Effect of Vibrational Micro- Displacement of an Astronomical Camera on Detector Imaging. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:1025. [PMID: 38339742 PMCID: PMC10857430 DOI: 10.3390/s24031025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Scientific-grade cameras are frequently employed in industries such as spectral imaging technology, aircraft, medical detection, and astronomy, and are characterized by high precision, high quality, fast speed, and high sensitivity. Especially in the field of astronomy, obtaining information about faint light often requires long exposure with high-resolution cameras, which means that any external factors can cause the camera to become unstable and result in increased errors in the detection results. This paper aims to investigate the effect of displacement introduced by various vibration factors on the imaging of an astronomical camera during long exposure. The sources of vibration are divided into external vibration and internal vibration. External vibration mainly includes environmental vibration and resonance effects, while internal vibration mainly refers to the vibration caused by the force generated by the refrigeration module inside the camera during the working process of the camera. The cooling module is divided into water-cooled and air-cooled modes. Through the displacement and vibration experiments conducted on the camera, it is proven that the air-cooled mode will cause the camera to produce greater displacement changes relative to the water-cooled mode, leading to blurring of the imaging results and lowering the accuracy of astronomical detection. This paper compares the effects of displacement produced by two methods, fan cooling and water-circulation cooling, and proposes improvements to minimize the displacement variations in the camera and improve the imaging quality. This study provides a reference basis for the design of astronomical detection instruments and for determining the vibration source of cameras, which helps to promote the further development of astronomical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Xi’an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (B.L.); (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.Y.)
| | - Shouxin Guan
- Xi’an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (B.L.); (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.Y.)
| | - Feicheng Wang
- Xi’an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (B.L.); (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.Y.)
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
| | - Tao Yu
- Xi’an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (B.L.); (S.G.); (F.W.); (T.Y.)
| | - Ruyi Wei
- School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan 430079, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430023, China
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12
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Scales SE, Park JW, Nixon R, Guha-Sapir D, Horney JA. Chickenpox Outbreaks in Three Refugee Camps on Mainland Greece, 2016-2017: A Retrospective Study. Prehosp Disaster Med 2024; 39:3-12. [PMID: 38108128 PMCID: PMC10882556 DOI: 10.1017/s1049023x23006702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Displaced populations face disproportionately high risk of communicable disease outbreaks given the strains of travel, health care circumstances in their country of origin, and limited access to health care in receiving countries. STUDY OBJECTIVE Understanding the role of demographic characteristics in outbreaks is important for timely and efficient control measures. Accordingly, this study assesses chickenpox outbreaks in three large refugee camps on mainland Greece from 2016 - 2017, using clinical line-list data from Médecins du Monde (MdM) clinics. METHODS Clinical line-list data from MdM clinics operating in Elliniko, Malakasa, and Raidestos camps in mainland Greece were used to characterize chickenpox outbreaks in these camps. Logistic regression was used to compare the odds of chickenpox by sex, camp, and yearly increase in age. Incidences were calculated for age categories and for sex for each camp outbreak. RESULTS Across camps, the median age was 19 years (IQR: 7.00 - 30.00 years) for all individuals and five years (IQR: 2.00 - 8.00 years) for cases. Males were 55.94% of the total population and 51.32% of all cases. There were four outbreaks of chickenpox across Elliniko (n = 1), Malakasa (n = 2), and Raidestos (n = 1) camps. The odds of chickenpox when controlling for age and sex was lower for Malakasa (OR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.38 - 0.78) and Raidestos (OR = 0.36; 95% CI, 0.24 - 0.56) when compared Elliniko. Odds of chickenpox were comparable between Malakasa and Raidestos (OR = 1.49; 95% CI, 0.92 - 2.42). Across all camps, the highest incidence was among children zero-to-five years of age. The sex-specific incidence chickenpox was higher for males than females in Elliniko and Malakasa, while the incidence was higher among females in Raidestos. CONCLUSION As expected, individuals five years of age and under made up the majority of chickenpox cases. However, 12% of cases were teenagers or older, highlighting the need to consider atypical age groups in vaccination strategies and control measures. To support both host and displaced populations, it is important to consider risk-reduction needs for both groups. Including host communities in vaccination campaigns and activities can help reduce the population burden of disease for both communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jee Won Park
- Epidemiology Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Rebecca Nixon
- Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Debarati Guha-Sapir
- Division of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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13
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Sahoo NR, Sahany SK, Pandey V, Das AC, Choudhury P, Panda S, Sahoo R. Finite Element Analysis of the Influence of Implant Tilting and the Direction of Loading on the Displacement and Micromotion of Immediately Loaded Implants. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2024; 16:S924-S926. [PMID: 38595403 PMCID: PMC11000944 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1103_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the outcome of the loading direction and implant tilting on the micromotion and displacement of immediately placed implants with finite element analysis (FEA). Materials and Method Eight blocks of synthetic bone were created. Eight screw-type implants were inserted, four axially and four slanted, each measuring 11 mm in length and 4.5 mm in diameter. The axial implants and the tilted implants were distally inclined by 30°. The top of the abutment was subjected to 180 N vertical and mesiodistal oblique (45° angle) loads, and the displacement of the abutment was measured. The abutment displacement and micromotion were estimated, and nonlinear finite element models simulating the in vitro experiment were built. In vitro studies and FEA data on abutment displacement were compared, and the reliability of the finite element model was assessed. Result Under oblique stress, abutment displacement was larger than under axial loading, and it was also greater for tilted implants than for axial implants. The consistency of the in vitro and FEA data was satisfactory. Under vertical stress, the highest micromotion values in the axial and tilted implants were extremely near. Conclusion Under mesiodistal oblique stress, tilted implants may have a smaller maximum amount of micromotion than axial implants. The loading direction had a significant impact on the highest micromotion values. The abutment displacement values were not reflected in the maximum micromotion measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Ranjan Sahoo
- Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Subrat Kumar Sahany
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Surgery, M.K.C.G. Medical College & Hospital, Brahmapur, Odisha, India
| | - Vijayendra Pandey
- Professor and HOD, Department of Dentistry, Manipal Tata Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhaya Chandra Das
- Professor, Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Khandagiri Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Purobi Choudhury
- Professor Department of Dentistry, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Attached faculty of Government Dental College, Silchar, Assam, India
- Department of Periodontics, SrimantaSankardeva University of Health Science’s, Assam, India
| | - Saurav Panda
- Professor, Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Khandagiri Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rashmita Sahoo
- Tutor, Dept of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Khandagiri Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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14
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Merton R, Bosshardt D, Strijkers GJ, Nederveen AJ, Schrauben EM, van Ooij P. Reproducibility of 3D thoracic aortic displacement from 3D cine balanced SSFP at 3 T without contrast enhancement. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:466-480. [PMID: 37831612 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aortic motion has direct impact on the mechanical stresses acting on the aorta. In aortic disease, increased stiffness of the aorta may lead to decreased aortic motion over time, which could be a predictor for aortic dissection or rupture. This study investigates the reproducibility of obtaining 3D displacement and diameter maps quantified using accelerated 3D cine MRI at 3 T. METHODS A noncontrast-enhanced, free-breathing 3D cine sequence based on balanced SSFP and pseudo-spiral undersampling with high spatial isotropic resolution was developed (spatial/temporal resolution [1.6 mm]3 /67 ms). The thoracic aorta of 14 healthy volunteers was prospectively scanned three times at 3 T: twice on the same day and a third time 2 weeks later. Aortic displacement was calculated using iterative closest point nonrigid registration of manual segmentations of the 3D aorta at end-systole and mid-diastole. Interexamination and interobserver regional analysis of mean displacement for five regions of interest was performed using Bland-Altman analysis. Additionally, a complementary voxel-by-voxel analysis was done, allowing a more local inspection of the method. RESULTS No significant differences were found in mean and maximum displacement for any of the regions of interest for the interexamination and interobserver analysis. The maximum displacement measured in the lower half of the ascending aorta was 11.0 ± 3.4 mm (range: 3.0-17.5 mm) for the first scan. The smallest detectable change in mean displacement in the lower half of the ascending aorta was 3 mm. CONCLUSION Detailed 3D cine balanced SSFP at 3 T allows for reproducible quantification of systolic-diastolic mean aortic displacement within acceptable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renske Merton
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daan Bosshardt
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Biomedical Physics and Engineering, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M Schrauben
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van Ooij
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Zhang M, Yang H, Niu Q, Zhang X, Yang J, Lai J, Fan C, Li M, Xin C. Combined Displacement and Angle Sensor with Ultra-High Compactness Based on Self-Imaging Effect of Optical Microgratings. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:908. [PMID: 38339623 PMCID: PMC10857500 DOI: 10.3390/s24030908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, an ultracompact combined sensor for displacement and angle-synchronous measurement is proposed based on the self-imaging effect of optical microgratings. Using a two-grating structure, linear and angular displacement can be measured by detecting the change of phase and amplitude of the optical transmission, respectively, within one single structure in the meantime. The optically transmitted properties of the two-grating structure are investigated in both theory and simulation. Simulated results indicate that optical transmission changes in a sinusoidal relationship to the input linear displacement. Meanwhile, the amplitude of the curve decreases with an input pitch angle, indicating the ability for synchronous measurement within one single compact structure. The synchronous measurement of the linear displacement and the angle is also demonstrated experimentally. The results show a resolution down to 4 nm for linear displacement measurement and a maximum sensitivity of 0.26 mV/arcsec within a range of ±1° for angle measurement. Benefiting from a simple common-path structure without using optical components, including reflectors and polarizers, the sensor shows ultra-high compactness for multiple-degrees-of-freedom measuring, indicating the great potential for this sensor in fields such as integrated mechanical positioning and semiconductor fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Qianqi Niu
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Xuye Zhang
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Jiaan Yang
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Jiangbei Lai
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Changjiang Fan
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
| | - Mengwei Li
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Chenguang Xin
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China (J.L.)
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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16
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Hirani SAA. Barriers to Women's Menstrual Hygiene Practices during Recurrent Disasters and Displacement: A Qualitative Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:153. [PMID: 38397644 PMCID: PMC10888390 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Disasters that involve displacement are particularly challenging for managing personal and menstrual hygiene, which can increase the risk of toxic shock syndrome, infections and other health conditions that can endanger women's lives. This study aimed to examine the menstrual hygiene challenges experienced by internally displaced women affected by recurrent natural disasters and subsequent displacement in the context of a low-middle-income country, i.e., Pakistan. A critical ethnographic study was undertaken in disaster-relief camps in the northern region of Pakistan. Data were collected using multiple methods, including field observations, review of media reports and in-depth interviews with 18 women. The findings suggested that the key barriers to the personal and menstrual hygiene of women during recurrent disasters and displacement in the mountainous rural region of Pakistan include inadequate housing, lack of infrastructure and humanitarian aid, no waste disposal system and lack of women-friendly spaces in disaster-relief camps. Community-based collaboration is necessary for the implementation of effective interventions. A comprehensive menstrual response to promote the health and well-being of women during disasters must include menstruation supplies, supportive facilities (mainly toilets and bathing facilities), supplementary supplies for storing, washing and drying, disposal/waste management facilities, education and culturally appropriate spaces and supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shela Akbar Ali Hirani
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Regina, 516 RIC, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
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17
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Hossain A. Provision of healthcare services for displaced individuals globally is a pressing concern. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1344984. [PMID: 38347932 PMCID: PMC10859449 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1344984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hossain
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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18
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Vestby J, Schutte S, Tollefsen AF, Buhaug H. Societal determinants of flood-induced displacement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2206188120. [PMID: 38190537 PMCID: PMC10801835 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206188120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
What explains human consequences of weather-related disaster? Here, we explore how core socioeconomic, political, and security conditions shape flood-induced displacement worldwide since 2000. In-sample regression analysis shows that extreme displacement levels are more likely in contexts marked by low national income levels, nondemocratic political systems, high local economic activity, and prevalence of armed conflict. The analysis also reveals large residual differences across continents, where flood-induced displacement in the Global South often is much more widespread than direct human exposure measures would suggest. However, these factors have limited influence on our ability to accurately predict flood displacement on new data, pointing to important, hard-to-operationalize heterogeneity in flood impacts across contexts and critical data limitations. Although results are consistent with an interpretation that the sustainable development agenda is beneficial for disaster risk reduction, better data on societal consequences of natural hazards are critically needed to support evidence-based decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Vestby
- Peace Research Institute OsloNO-0134Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Halvard Buhaug
- Peace Research Institute OsloNO-0134Oslo, Norway
- Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology,NO-7491Trondheim, Norway
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19
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Elrawashdeh Z, Prelle C, Lamarque F, Revel P, Galland S. Optimizing Algorithm for Existing Fiber-Optic Displacement Sensor Performance. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:448. [PMID: 38257540 PMCID: PMC10819725 DOI: 10.3390/s24020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the optimal design of a miniature fiber-optic linear displacement sensor. It is characterized by its ability to measure displacements along a millimetric range with sub-micrometric resolution. The sensor consists of a triangular reflective grating and two fiber-optic probes. The measurement principle of the sensor is presented. The design of the sensor's triangular grating has been geometrically optimized by considering the step angle of the grating to enhance the sensor's resolution. The optimization method revealed a global optimum at which the highest resolution is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Elrawashdeh
- Institut Catholique d’Arts et Métiers (ICAM), Site of Grand Paris Sud, 77127 Lieusaint, France
- ICB UMR 6303, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UTBM, 90010 Belfort, France
| | - Christine Prelle
- Royallieu Research Center, Roberval Laboratory (Mechanics, Energy and Electricity), University of Technology of Compiègne, Rue Roger Couttolenc, 60200 Compiègne, France; (C.P.); (F.L.); (P.R.)
| | - Frédéric Lamarque
- Royallieu Research Center, Roberval Laboratory (Mechanics, Energy and Electricity), University of Technology of Compiègne, Rue Roger Couttolenc, 60200 Compiègne, France; (C.P.); (F.L.); (P.R.)
| | - Philippe Revel
- Royallieu Research Center, Roberval Laboratory (Mechanics, Energy and Electricity), University of Technology of Compiègne, Rue Roger Couttolenc, 60200 Compiègne, France; (C.P.); (F.L.); (P.R.)
| | - Stéphane Galland
- Université de Technologie de Belfort Montbéliard UTBM, Laboratoire Connaissance et Intelligence Artificielle CIAD UR 7533, 90010 Belfort, France;
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20
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Serrano N, Schmidt L, Eyler AA, Brownson RC. Perspectives From Public Health Practitioners and Advocates on Community Development for Active Living: What are the Lasting Impacts? Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:80-89. [PMID: 37612243 PMCID: PMC10748458 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231198403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence suggests differential impacts of community development, including gentrification and displacement. Public health practitioners and advocates are key stakeholders involved in the community development process related to active living, yet little is known about their perceptions of its impacts. We explored the perspectives of relevant leaders of public health departments and key community and advocacy organizations on community development, gentrification, and displacement. APPROACH Purposive key informant interviews. SETTING CDC State Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) funding recipients. PARTICIPANTS CDC SPAN recipient leadership (n = 10 of 16) and advocacy organizations they partnered with (n = 7 of 16). METHOD Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and thematically analyzed with direct quotes representing key themes. RESULTS Both groups felt community development held important benefits, specifically by creating healthy living opportunities, but also potentially leading to the displacement of long-time residents. Practitioners reported the benefits were for all community members, whereas advocates noted the benefits were seen in those with privilege, and the consequences were disproportionately seen in disadvantaged communities. Both mentioned the importance and difficulty of getting diverse representation for community engagement. CONCLUSIONS Learning how key stakeholders perceive and navigate the community development process can help inform recommendations for better equity in active living community improvements. More work is needed to further elucidate best practices for health and social equity in the community development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalicio Serrano
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laurel Schmidt
- Office of Educational Innovation and Evaluation, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Amy A. Eyler
- Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ross C. Brownson
- Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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21
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Tanabe H, Oosawa K, Miura M, Mizuno S, Yokota T, Ueda T, Zushi Y, Nagata M, Murayama R, Abe-Doi M, Sanada H. Effect of a thin-tipped short bevel needle for peripheral intravenous access on the compressive deformation and displacement of the vein: A preclinical study. J Vasc Access 2024; 25:265-273. [PMID: 35773962 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221075169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion often fails on the first attempt. Risk factors include small vein size and dehydration, causing vein deformation and displacement due to puncture resistance of the vessel. The authors developed a short, thin-tipped bevel needle and compared its puncture performance with needles of four available PIVCs using an ex vivo model. METHODS The PIVC with the thin-tipped short bevel needle was compared to four available PIVCs using an ex vivo model which simulated the cephalic vein of the human forearm. The ex vivo model consisted of a porcine shoulder and porcine internal jugular vein, and was used for evaluation of the rate of vein deformation and vessel displacement during needle insertion. RESULTS An ex vivo model was created with a vessel diameter of 2.7-3.7 mm and a depth of 2-5 mm. The thin-tipped short bevel PIVC needle was associated with a significantly lower compressive deformation rate and venous displacement compared to the needles of the other four PIVCs. CONCLUSION The thin-tipped short bevel needle induced lower compressive deformation and displacement of the vein than the conventional needles. This needle has the potential to improve the first-attempt success rate of peripheral intravenous catheterization in patients with difficult venous access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Tanabe
- Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research and Development Center, Terumo Corporation, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kousuke Oosawa
- Research and Development Center, Terumo Corporation, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Manabu Miura
- Research and Development Center, Terumo Corporation, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Mizuno
- Kofu Factory, Terumo Corporation, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yokota
- Kofu Factory, Terumo Corporation, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Ueda
- Kofu Factory, Terumo Corporation, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Zushi
- Research and Development Center, Terumo Corporation, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Misako Nagata
- Department of Imaging Nursing Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Murayama
- Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Abe-Doi
- Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sanada
- Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Kim GY, Kim S, Chang JS, Pyo SW. Advancements in Methods of Classification and Measurement Used to Assess Tooth Mobility: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 13:142. [PMID: 38202149 PMCID: PMC10779763 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluating tooth mobility is clinically significant, not only for diagnosing periodontal tissues but also in determining the overall periodontal treatment plan. Numerous studies related to tooth mobility have been conducted over the years, including the proposal of various classifications as well as the development of electronic devices for objective measurement. However, there is still no consensus on the measurement methods and criteria for assessing tooth mobility. In this study, we provide a comprehensive review of past and current tooth mobility classification and measurement methods. In order to propose a new method to intuitively evaluate tooth mobility based on previous studies, a digital approach capable of recording tooth micromovements induced by dynamic load should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Se-Wook Pyo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.K.); (S.K.); (J.-S.C.)
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23
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Leslie O, Córdova Bulens D, Redmond SJ. Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of a Novel Optical Six-Axis Distributed Force and Displacement Tactile Sensor for Dexterous Robotic Manipulation. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9640. [PMID: 38139486 PMCID: PMC10748078 DOI: 10.3390/s23249640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Real-time multi-axis distributed tactile sensing is a critical capability if robots are to perform stable gripping and dexterous manipulation, as it provides crucial information about the sensor-object interface. In this paper, we present an optical-based six-axis tactile sensor designed in a fingertip shape for robotic dexterous manipulation. The distributed sensor can precisely estimate the local XYZ force and displacement at ten distinct locations and provide the global XYZ force and torque measurements. Its compact size, comparable to that of a human thumb, and minimal thickness allow seamless integration onto existing robotic fingers, eliminating the need for complex modifications to the gripper. The proposed sensor design uses a simple, low-cost fabrication method. Moreover, the optical transduction approach uses light angle and intensity sensing to infer force and displacement from deformations of the individual sensing units that form the overall sensor, providing distributed six-axis sensing. The local force precision at each sensing unit in the X, Y, and Z axes is 20.89 mN, 19.19 mN, and 43.22 mN, respectively, over a local force range of approximately ±1.5 N in X and Y and 0 to -2 N in Z. The local displacement precision in the X, Y, and Z axes is 56.70 μm, 50.18 μm, and 13.83 μm, respectively, over a local displacement range of ±2 mm in the XY directions and 0 to -1.5 mm in Z (i.e., compression). Additionally, the sensor can measure global torques, Tx, Ty, and Tz, with a precision of of 1.90 N-mm, 1.54 N-mm, and 1.26 N-mm, respectively. The fabricated design is showcased by integrating it with an OnRobot RG2 gripper and illustrating real-time measurements during in simple demonstration task, which generated changing global forces and torques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Leslie
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Stephen J. Redmond
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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Anthony P, Broad J, Chacko X, Dorner Z, Kaplan J, Yıldırım D. (Un)making labor invisible: A syllabus. Hist Sci 2023; 61:608-624. [PMID: 38037375 DOI: 10.1177/00732753231180954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
From industrial psychology and occupational therapy to the laboratory bench and scenes of "heroic" fieldwork, there are important connections between the science of labor and the labor of science. Participants in the 2022 Gordon Cain Conference explored how greater attention to these connections might deepen historical understanding of what constitutes "science" and what counts as "labor." Our conversations circled around themes of vulnerability (of systems, individual bodies, historical testimony), affect (pertaining to historical actors and ourselves), and interdependence (e.g. across human groups, species, political boundaries, and time). For the members of this group, which grew out of a panel discussion, these themes and motivations coalesced around a topical focus on invisibility, which helped us to articulate - in the form of a co-created syllabus - research questions about science and labor from multiple angles pertaining to practice, archival preservation, and scholarly representation. This syllabus is organized into six thematic modules that aim to challenge and historicize the concept of invisible labor by facilitating comparisons across geographic, temporal, conceptual, and disciplinary boundaries. The goals of this collaborative syllabus, in sum, are manifold: we seek to facilitate more inclusive histories of science through critical engagement with "invisibility" and thereby promote a more expansive understanding of what constitutes scientific labor; to highlight the constitutive role of gendered labor practices in the scientific enterprise; to draw attention to interdependencies that make all forms of production (knowledge or material) possible; to elucidate systems of remuneration for scientific labor over the longue durée and through pointed comparisons; and, finally, to promote self-reflexivity about the methods we use to narrate the history of science and make sense of our own labors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Judith Kaplan
- Consortium for History of Science, Technology and Medicine, United States
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Marcia S, Hirsch JA, Bellini M, Manfré L, Masala S, Zini C. Percutaneous removal and replacement of a novel percutaneous interspinous device. Neuroradiol J 2023:19714009231212366. [PMID: 37921595 DOI: 10.1177/19714009231212366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to explain the technique used for removing and replacing a novel percutaneous interspinous device (PID).Procedure: Three male patients, with a mean age of 66 years (range 62-72), were included in the study due to displacement (N = 2) or misplacement (N = 1) of the novel PID. This occurred after a mean of 23.3 ± 10.5 days from the initial placement (range 13-34) at the L4-L5 level (N = 1) and L3-L4 level (N = 2). Following the removal of the PID, four new devices were implanted.Conclusion: The novel PID can be safely removed either immediately after its placement during the procedure or after a certain period of days or months from its implantation. The removal procedure can be performed percutaneously under imaging guidance, by closing the four retractable wings, using the same instrumentation as utilized during the initial implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua Adam Hirsch
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, USA
| | - Matteo Bellini
- UOC Neuroimmagini, Neuroradiologia Clinica e Funzionale Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e Motorie, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Italy
| | - Luigi Manfré
- Minimal Invasive Spine Dept of Neurosurgery, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo IOM, Italy
| | - Salvatore Masala
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Department of Surgery, Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - Chiara Zini
- UOC Radiodiagnostica Firenze 3, USL Toscana Centro, Italy
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Corda JV, K N C, Bhat N S, Shetty S, Shenoy B S, Zuber M. Finite element analysis of elliptical shaped stem profile of hip prosthesis using dynamic loading conditions. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9:065028. [PMID: 37769637 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acfe14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Patient-specific dynamic loadings are seldom considered during the evaluation of hip implants. The primary objective of this study is to check for the feasibility of the use of UHMWPE as the material for an acetabular cup o CoCr Alloy that is reported to produce a squeaking sound after replacement. An elliptical shaped stem with three different cross-sectional profiles is considered for simulation. Using a commercial finite element method, patient-specific dynamic forces were applied for the quantitative analysis. The loading and boundary conditions are used as per ISO and ASTM standards. The walking gait cycle is used with two widely used biocompatible materials: titanium and cobalt-chromium. Initially, only the stem is considered for the analysis to finalize the best out of the three profiles, along with the better material for the stem. Later the complete implant is used for the analysis. Profile 1 exhibits 1.25 and 1.17 times greater stress than Profile 2 for CoCr Alloy and Ti-6Al-4V, respectively. Similarly, Profile 3 displays stresses 1.26 and 1.25 times greater than Profile 2 for CoCr Alloy and Ti-6Al-4V, respectively. Comparatively, displacement in stem Profile 2 is 1.75 times higher in Ti-6Al-4V than CoCr Alloy. The full implant displacement at 14% gait cycle is 1.15% higher for the CoCr-acetabular column material combination when compared to UHMWPE. It can be concluded that UHMWPE can be used as the acetabular cup material instead of CoCr for the Profile 2 elliptical shaped hip implant to prevent squeaking after replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Valerian Corda
- Department of Aeronautical & Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Chethan K N
- Department of Aeronautical & Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shyamasunder Bhat N
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sawan Shetty
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Shenoy B
- Department of Aeronautical & Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammad Zuber
- Department of Aeronautical & Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
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Cherkashin N, Louiset A, Chmielewski A, Kim DJ, Dubourdieu C, Schamm-Chardon S. Quantitative mapping of strain and displacement fields over HR-TEM and HR-STEM images of crystals with reference to a virtual lattice. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 253:113778. [PMID: 37329809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A method for the reciprocal space treatment of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) images has been developed. Named "Absolute strain" (AbStrain), it allows for quantification and mapping of interplanar distances and angles, displacement fields and strain tensor components with reference to a user-defined Bravais lattice and with their corrections from the image distortions specific to HR-TEM and HR-STEM imaging. We provide the corresponding mathematical formalism. AbStrain goes beyond the restriction of the existing method known as geometric phase analysis by enabling direct analysis of the area of interest without the need for reference lattice fringes of a similar crystal structure on the same field of view. In addition, for the case of a crystal composed of two or more types of atoms, each with its own sub-structure constraint, we developed a method named "Relative displacement" for extracting sub-lattice fringes associated to one type of atom and measuring atomic columns displacements associated to each sub-structure with reference to a Bravais lattice or to another sub-structure. The successful application of AbStrain and Relative displacement to HR-STEM images of functional oxide ferroelectric heterostructures is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cherkashin
- CEMES-CNRS and Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - A Louiset
- CEMES-CNRS and Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - A Chmielewski
- CEMES-CNRS and Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - D J Kim
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn Meitner Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Dubourdieu
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn Meitner Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Physical Chemistry, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Schamm-Chardon
- CEMES-CNRS and Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Lim K, Olandres RA, Cheow X, Thng M, Teo N, Pereira N, Chan P, Lee N. Do We Ever Need to Fix Clavicle Fractures in Adolescents? Malays Orthop J 2023; 17:33-41. [PMID: 38107351 PMCID: PMC10722994 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2311.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clavicle fractures in adults are increasingly being treated by surgical fixation following reports of symptomatic non-union, malunion and poor functional outcome with conservative treatment. This has led to a similar trend in the management of clavicle fractures in adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the outcome and complications of non-operatively treated clavicle fractures in adolescents. Materials and methods This is a retrospective, single institution study on adolescents aged 13-17 years who sustained a closed, isolated clavicle fracture, between 19972015. Clinical records were reviewed for demographic information, injury mode, time to radiographic fracture union, time to re-attainment of full shoulder range of motion (ROM), and time to return to full activities and sports. Complications and fracture-related issues were recorded. Radiographs were analysed for fracture location, displacement and shortening. Results A total of 115 patients (98 males, 17 females; mean age:13.9 ± 0.89 years) were included for study. 101 (88%) sustained a middle-third fracture while the remainder sustained a lateral-third fracture. A total of 96 (95%) of the middle-third fractures were displaced, and 12 (86%) of the lateral-third fractures were displaced. All displaced fractures in this study had shortening. Sports-related injuries and falls accounted for 68 (59%) and 34 (30%) of the cases respectively. Overall, the mean time to radiographic fracture union was 7.8 ± 4.35 weeks; there were no cases of non-union. Full shoulder ROM was re-attained in 6.6 ± 3.61 weeks, and full activities and sports was resumed in 11.4 ± 4.69 weeks. There were 5 cases of re-fracture and a single case of intermittent fracture site pain. Conclusion Clavicle fractures in adolescents can and should be treated non-operatively in the first instance with the expectation of good outcomes in terms of time for fracture union, reattainment of shoulder full range of motion, and return to activities. Surgical stabilisation should be reserved for cases for which there is an absolute indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kbl Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - R A Olandres
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - X Cheow
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - M Thng
- Division of Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nmhz Teo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - N Pereira
- Division of Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Pxe Chan
- Division of Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nkl Lee
- Division of Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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Zhang H, Qiao X, Wei H, Li X, Wu X, Yu N, Lu H, Guo T, Chou X, Geng W. Electric-Force Conversion Performance of Si-Based LiNbO 3 Devices Based on Four Cantilever Beams. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1988. [PMID: 38004845 PMCID: PMC10672825 DOI: 10.3390/mi14111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
In micron or nano smart sensing systems, piezoelectric cantilever beams are distributed as major components in microsensors, actuators, and energy harvesters. This paper investigates the performance of four cantilever beam devices with "electric-force" conversion based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) single-crystal materials. A new compact piezoelectric smart device model is proposed, designed as a single mass block connected by four beams, where devices exhibit smaller lateral errors (0.39-0.41%). The relationship between the displacement characteristics of cantilever beams and driving voltage was researched by applying excitation signals. The results show that the device has the maximum displacement at a first-order intrinsic frequency (fosc = 11.338 kHz), while the displacement shows a good linear relationship (R2 = 0.998) with driving voltage. The square wave signals of the same amplitude have greater "electrical-force" conversion efficiency. The output displacement can reach 12 nm, which is much higher than the output displacement with sinusoidal excitation. In addition, the relative displacement deviation of devices can be maintained within ±1% under multiple cycles of electrical signal loading. The small size, high reliability, and ultra-stability of Si-LN ferroelectric single-crystal cantilever beam devices with lower vibration amplitudes are promising for nanopositioning techniques in microscopy, diagnostics, and high-precision manufacturing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Zhang
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaojun Qiao
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Huifen Wei
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;
| | - Xiaohuang Li
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Nanxin Yu
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Hao Lu
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Tao Guo
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiujian Chou
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Wenping Geng
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.); (X.W.); (N.Y.); (H.L.); (T.G.); (X.C.)
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Zhang J, Liu C, Dong Y. Finite element analysis of sagittal screw expander appliance in the treatment of anterior maxillary hypoplasia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1245764. [PMID: 37965052 PMCID: PMC10640993 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1245764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The skeletal anterior crossbite is a common malocclusion in clinic. However, there have been no reports on the maxillary sagittal expansion to correct the premaxillary hypoplasia, which greatly influences the facial morphology and masticatory function, using finite element analysis. In the present study, a three-dimensional finite element model of craniomaxillofacial complex with maxillary sagittal hypoplasia is constructed and the treatment for premaxillary hypoplasia by the sagittal screw expander appliance is simulated. The hypoplasia of the left premaxilla is more serious than that of the right and thus the size of the left part of premaxillary expander baseplate is designed to be larger than that of the right part and the loading is applied at 10° leftward to the sagittal plane and 30° forward and downward to the maxillary occlusal plane. The displacements or equivalent stress distributions of the maxilla, teeth and their periodontal ligaments, are analyzed under the loads of 5.0 N, 10.0 N, 15.0 N, and 20.0 N. Consequently, as the load increases, the displacements or equivalent stresses of the maxilla, teeth and their periodontal ligaments all increase. Almost the whole premaxilla markedly move forward, downward, and leftward while other areas in the craniomaxillofacial complex remain almost static or have little displacement. The equivalent stress concentration zone of the maxilla mainly occurs around and in front of the incisive foramina. The displacements of left premaxilla are generally greater than those of the right under the loading forces. The maximum equivalent stress on the teeth and their periodontal ligaments are 2.34E-02 MPa and 2.98E-03 MPa, respectively. Taken together, the sagittal screw expander appliance can effectively open the premaxillary suture to promote the growth of the premaxilla. An asymmetrical design of sagittal screw expander appliance achieves the asymmetric expansion of the premaxilla to correct the uneven hypoplasia and obtains the more symmetrical aesthetic presentation. This study might provide a solid basis and theoretical guidance for the clinical application of sagittal screw expander appliance in the efficient, accurate, and personalized treatment of premaxillary hypoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Wu N, Yang H, Afsar H, Wang B, Fan J. Analysis of Train-Track-Bridge Coupling Vibration Characteristics for Heavy-Haul Railway Based on Virtual Work Principle. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8550. [PMID: 37896643 PMCID: PMC10610708 DOI: 10.3390/s23208550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative model for heavy-haul train-track-bridge interaction, utilizing a coupling matrix representation based on the virtual work principle. This model establishes the relationship between the wheel-rail contact surface and the bridge-rail interface concerning internal forces and geometric constraints. In this coupled system's motion equation, the degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the wheelsets in a heavy-haul train lacking primary suspension are interdependent. Additionally, the vertical and nodding DOFs of the bogie frame are linked with the rail element. A practical application, a Yellow River Bridge with a heavy-haul railway line, is used to examine the accuracy of the proposed model with regard to discrepancy between the simulated and measured displacement ranging from 1% to 11%. A comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted, exploring the impacts of track irregularities of varying wavelengths, axle load lifting, and the degradation of bridge stiffness and damping on the dynamic responses of the coupled system. The results reveal that the bridge's dynamic responses are particularly sensitive to track irregularities within the wavelength range of 1 to 20 m, especially those within 1 to 10 m. The vertical displacement of the bridge demonstrates a nearly linear increase with heavier axle loads of the heavy-haul trains and the reduction in bridge stiffness. However, there is no significant rise in vertical acceleration under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhao Wu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China;
| | - Hongyin Yang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China;
- National Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction, Wuhan 430034, China;
| | - Haleem Afsar
- Department of Civil and Airport Engineering, College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;
| | - Bo Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction, Wuhan 430034, China;
| | - Jianfeng Fan
- Wuhan Mafangshan Engineering Structure Testing Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
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Singh U, Banerjee S, Hawkins TR. Implications of CO 2 Sourcing on the Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Costs of Algae Biofuels. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:14435-14444. [PMID: 37799816 PMCID: PMC10548588 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c02082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Production of algal biomass and its conversion to biofuels are important technological platforms within the larger umbrella of CO2 capture and utilization. This analysis incorporates a life-cycle assessment (LCA) with respect to global warming potential and techno-economic assessment (TEA) of algae biofuels, focusing on the sourcing and delivery of CO2. This analysis evolves past work in this area to include high-purity biogenic CO2, industrial fossil fuel use, fossil power plants, and direct air capture, and uses a Sherwood plot approach to estimate the CO2 capture energy penalty. We also show that allocation or displacement facilitates a more intuitive distinction between biogenic and fossil sources of carbon. Thus, the LCA better reflects the influence of coproduct handling strategies as compared to previous works. The TEA is also strongly influenced by the CO2 concentration in the flue gas. Currently, when CO2 is sourced from large-point sources, the price of biofuels ($4.5-6.5/GGE) may become comparable to fossil diesel. However, as DAC systems become more economical, they may deliver competitive CO2 sources for biofuels in 2050 with a total cost of <$7/GGE. Based on the net emissions and costs, algae biofuels with CO2 sourced from biogenic sources are consistent with a decarbonized economy as of now, with substantial potential for DAC with decreasing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayan Singh
- Energy Systems Division, Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Sudhanya Banerjee
- Energy Systems Division, Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Troy R. Hawkins
- Energy Systems Division, Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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Ay N, Yildirimturk Dogan S, Sirin Y. The biomechanical stability of miniplate osteosynthesis configurations in bilateral mandibular angle fractures. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:265-269. [PMID: 37648469 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study investigated the biomechanical stability of three miniplate osteosynthesis configurations used for internal fixation of bilateral mandibular angle fracture (BMAF). METHODS Standard fracture lines were created in 72 polyurethane mandibles and stabilized with 2.0-mm, 4-hole standard titanium miniplates and monocortical screws. The group descriptions and miniplate configurations were: 2Plates (1-1), 3Plates (1-2) and 4Plates (2-2). The mandibles were subjected to either incisal or molar loads (from both sides in the 3Plates group) up to a force of 120 N. The displacements of the constructs were recorded at each force increment of 10 N. ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The 2Plates group showed higher displacement under both loading conditions (P < 0.05 for each). The same group reached displacement levels of 1 mm and 3 mm during molar loading and 1 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm during incisal loading at lower force magnitudes relative to others (P < 0.05 for each). CONCLUSION Bone-plate constructs for BMAFs stabilized with three or four standard miniplates are more likely to provide similar resistance when subjected to incisal or molar loads, in contrast to the two-miniplate configuration, which is relatively more prone to displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Ay
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Istanbul University
| | | | - Yigit Sirin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University
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Merz S, Weiten J, Hubbard TL. Does a concurrent motor process influence representational momentum? Perception 2023; 52:726-738. [PMID: 37680125 DOI: 10.1177/03010066231194955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Whether the direction of a hand motion that is congruent or incongruent with a concurrent target motion can influence representational momentum for that target was examined. Participants viewed a leftward or rightward moving target while moving their hand rightward, leftward, or not moving their hand. Prior studies of mental rotation found that congruency or incongruency of the direction of mental rotation and the direction of a concurrent physical rotation of a stimulus influenced mental rotation. As mental rotation and representational momentum each involve extrapolation of target motion, it could be predicted that congruency of the direction of hand motion and the direction of target motion might influence representational momentum of the target. Robust representational momentum occurred in all conditions, but there was no effect of congruency of hand motion and target motion, nor of the presence or absence of hand motion, on representational momentum. The results are consistent with a hypothesis that the generation of representational momentum involves sensory processes rather than motor processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Merz
- Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
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Miller SD, Juricic M, Bone JN, Steinbok P, Mulpuri K. The Effect of Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy on Hip Displacement in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Long-term Follow-up Study. J Pediatr Orthop 2023; 43:e701-e706. [PMID: 37493022 PMCID: PMC10481910 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip displacement is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Spasticity in the hip adductor muscles, hip flexors, and medial hamstrings has been identified as a possible cause of progressive hip displacement. Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) aims to reduce lower extremity spasticity in children with CP. Here, we investigate the influence of SDR on hip displacement in children with CP at long-term follow-up, a minimum of 5 years post-SDR. METHODS A retrospective review of children undergoing SDR at a Canadian pediatric hospital was completed. Migration percentage (MP) was measured on pelvis radiographs taken in the 6 months before SDR and minimum 5 years post-SDR or before hip surgery. The number of hips with displacement, defined as MP >30%, and the number of children with at least 1 hip displaced were determined. A linear mixed-effects model was used to assess potential risk factors for poor outcome post-SDR, defined as having MP >40% or surgical intervention for hip displacement. RESULTS Ninety children [50 males, 40 females, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I to V: 1/13/24/43/9] with a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (SD 5.1) were included. The mean age at SDR was 4.9 years (SD 1.5); more than half of children (52%) had hip displacement at the time of SDR. Post-SDR, MP exceeded 30% in 0 (0%) of children at GMFCS level I, 1 (8%) at II, 11 (46%) at III, 31 (72%) at IV, and 7 (78%) at V. A poor outcome was associated with preoperative MP, age, and GMFCS level. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of hip displacement post-SDR was consistent with population-based studies when evaluated by GMFCS. Our findings suggest that SDR has neither a positive nor negative effect on hip displacement when assessed at least 5 years postintervention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey D. Miller
- Department of Physical Therapy, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maria Juricic
- Department of Physical Therapy, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey N. Bone
- Biostatistics, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul Steinbok
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kishore Mulpuri
- Department of Orthopaedics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Dong C, Bas S, Catbas FN. Applications of Computer Vision-Based Structural Monitoring on Long-Span Bridges in Turkey. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8161. [PMID: 37836991 PMCID: PMC10575410 DOI: 10.3390/s23198161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Structural displacement monitoring is one of the major tasks of structural health monitoring and it is a significant challenge for research and engineering practices relating to large-scale civil structures. While computer vision-based structural monitoring has gained traction, current practices largely focus on laboratory experiments, small-scale structures, or close-range applications. This paper demonstrates its applications on three landmark long-span suspension bridges in Turkey: the First Bosphorus Bridge, the Second Bosphorus Bridge, and the Osman Gazi Bridge, among the longest landmark bridges in the world, with main spans of 1074 m, 1090 m, and 1550 m, respectively. The presented studies achieved non-contact displacement monitoring from a distance of 600 m, 755 m, and 1350 m for the respective bridges. The presented concepts, analysis, and results provide an overview of long-span bridge monitoring using computer vision-based monitoring. The results are assessed with conventional monitoring approaches and finite element analysis based on observed traffic conditions. Both displacements and dynamic frequencies align well with these conventional techniques and finite element analyses. This study also highlights the challenges of computer vision-based structural monitoring of long-span bridges and presents considerations such as the encountered adverse environmental factors, target and algorithm selection, and potential directions of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhi Dong
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (C.D.); (S.B.)
| | - Selcuk Bas
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (C.D.); (S.B.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin 74110, Turkey
| | - Fikret Necati Catbas
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (C.D.); (S.B.)
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Chen J, Xie T, Xu Y, Deng J, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Li G. Distal end of a ureteral double-J stent displaced into the contralateral ureter after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy: a case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1239053. [PMID: 37809339 PMCID: PMC10551623 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1239053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We report displacement of the distal end of a ureteral double-J stent into the contralateral ureter after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) in a 71-year-old man with a history of left kidney stones. Postoperative computed tomography imaging showed that the distal end of the left ureteral double-J stent was displaced into the right ureter, which resulted in persistent right renal colic when the nephrostomy tube was clipped and continuous urine leakage from the nephrostomy opening after the nephrostomy tube was removed. After the cystoscopic adjustment of the ureteral stent, the patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged home the next day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Ya Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jian Deng
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yumo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
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Kampalath V, Tarakji A, Hamze M, Loutfi R, Cohn K, Abbara A. The impacts of the Syrian conflict on child and adolescent health: a scoping review. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:621-630. [PMID: 36418238 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Syrian conflict has had a profound impact on Syrian children and adolescents. We sought to determine the extent and range of literature on the conflict's health effects on this vulnerable population. METHODS A scoping review describing the impact of the Syrian conflict on children was undertaken while utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews methodology. Qualitative thematic analyses were undertaken to both identify patterns of morbidity and mortality and gaps in evidence. RESULTS A total of 982 articles meeting search criteria were identified between 1 January 2011 and 30 April 2021. After iterative screening, 12 were identified from academic databases and 4 were identified from grey literature and hand searching, yielding a total of 16 studies for final, full-text analysis. Four distinct themes recurred in the literature; these include children suffering from violent injury, a resurgence of communicable diseases, malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency and impacts on their mental health. CONCLUSIONS The health of children and adolescents in Syria has been significantly impacted by the indiscriminate attacks against civilians, flagrant human rights violations and the disintegration of the national health care system. Neonates were largely absent from the literature. The themes from this scoping review can inform health programming priorities by aid organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kampalath
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Ahmad Tarakji
- Syrian American Medical Society, Washington, 20043, USA
| | - Mohamed Hamze
- Syrian American Medical Society, Gaziantep, 27000, Turkey
| | - Randa Loutfi
- Syrian American Medical Society, Washington, 20043, USA
| | - Keri Cohn
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Aula Abbara
- Syrian American Medical Society, Washington, 20043, USA
- Department of Infection, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Xie HQ, Xie CX, Liao JF, Xu FD, Du B, Zhong BM, He XG, Li N. Point-of-care ultrasound for monitoring catheter tip location during umbilical vein catheterization in neonates: a prospective study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1225087. [PMID: 37691771 PMCID: PMC10483067 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1225087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) can guide umbilical vein catheter placement in real time and monitor catheter tip position, allowing avoidance of severe complications due to catheter malposition. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of POCUS in guiding venous catheter insertion and monitoring complications. Methods Sixty-eight neonates with ultrasound-guided venous catheter insertion at the Neonatal Department of Dongguan Children's Hospital between December 2020 and February 2022 were included. POCUS was applied to monitor catheter tip location daily until catheter removal. A displacement range exceeding the intersection of the inferior vena cava and right atrium by ±0.5 cm was considered misalignment. Results Sixty-four neonates had a displaced catheter tip (94.1%, 64/68), with a median displacement distance of 0.4 cm (minimum -0.2 cm, maximum 1.2 cm). Ten neonates had a misalignment (14.7%, 10/68) caused by displacement. Displacement usually occurs within 2-4 days after placement, with displacement rates of 94.1% (64/68), 90.6% (58/64), and 98.3% (59/60) on days 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and could still occur on day 9 post-placement. In addition, misalignment mainly occurs on the second day after placement. During the monitoring process, 58 neonates had catheter tip displacement ≥2 times, resulting in 252 displacement and 22 misalignment incidents. Among them, the catheter tip migrated outward from the inferior vena cava seven times, all of which were removed in time. Ultrasound was used for positioning 486 times, and x-ray was indirectly avoided 486 times. Conclusion The catheter tip is prone to displacement and misalignment after umbilical vein catheterization, which most commonly occurs on days 2-4. POCUS is recommended for daily monitoring of the tip location during umbilical vein catheterization until catheter removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Qiang Xie
- Department of Neonatology, Dongguan Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ning Li
- Department of Neonatology, Dongguan Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Bano S. Transgender migration and displacement: the experience of khwaja sira sex workers in Lahore. Cult Health Sex 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37480579 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2023.2234447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
This study uses an aspirations-capabilities framework to provide insight into transgender mobility based on in-depth interviews with 30 khwaja sira sex workers in Lahore. Respondents narrated mobility as a defining and persistent feature of their lives linked to their gender variance and experience of everyday violence and discrimination. Mobilities were experienced as oppressive or liberating depending on how much control they provided sex workers within managing risk in their lives. Respondents differentiated between two main forms of mobility: migration and displacement. Descriptions of migration included movement from their family of birth to a khwaja sira community as well as between khwaja sira communities, and entailed both rural-urban and inter-city travel. Unforced migration was associated with resilience as it increased sex workers control over the social environment. Experiences of forced and intra-city movement resulting from everyday interactions with clients and law enforcement agents were seen as displacement. These experiences resulted in enhanced social, physical, and occupational vulnerability and decreased khwaja sira sex workers' control over their social environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shermeen Bano
- Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
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Chen G, Wang X, Zhang B, Zhang F, Wang Z, Zhang B, Li G. Role of Bubble Evolution in the Bubble-Propelled Janus Micromotors. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1456. [PMID: 37512766 PMCID: PMC10384430 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Bubble-propelled Janus micromotors have attracted extensive attention in recent years and have been regarded as powerful tools in the environmental and medical fields due to their excellent movement ability. The movement ability can mainly be attributed to the periodic growth, detachment, and/or collapse of the bubble. However, subjected to the experimental conditions, the mechanism of bubble evolution on the motion of the micromotor could not be elucidated clearly. In this work, a finite element method was employed for exploring the role of bubble evolution in bubble-propelled Janus micromotors, which emphasized the growth and collapse of bubbles. After the proposed model was verified by the scallop theorem, the influence of the growth and rapid collapse of bubbles on micromotors was investigated. Results show that the growth and collapse of a bubble can drive the micromotor to produce a displacement, but the displacement caused by a bubble collapse is significantly greater than that caused by bubble growth. The reasons for this phenomenon are analyzed and explained. In addition to the influence of bubble size, the collapse time of the bubble is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xuekui Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Bingyang Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- School of Material and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Baiqiang Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guopei Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Abstract
Displacement in the context of disasters and climate change has gained considerable attention in international policy processes pertaining to migration and displacement over the past few years. However, analysis of currently dominant understandings of disaster displacement and its solutions at the global level, and how these translate into practice in relation to operational realities at the national level, remains scarce. This paper seeks to promote greater reflections on the discourse of displacement solutions in the context of disasters and climate change. It examines both the advancements and remaining gaps in approaches to disasters, displacement, and solutions and how these collectively shape the conceptualisation of solutions to disaster displacement. The inquiry sheds light on the dominant framings and their underlying assumptions and highlights the implications that they entail for understanding and responding to disaster displacement. It also underscores the importance of critical engagement with discursive practices at the international and national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mosneaga
- Lecturer, College of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University, Japan
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Biz C, Pozzuoli A, Belluzzi E, Scucchiari D, Bragazzi NL, Rossin A, Cerchiaro M, Ruggieri P. An Institutional Standardised Protocol for the Treatment of Acute Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures (ADMCFs): Conservative or Surgical Management for Active Patients? Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1883. [PMID: 37444717 PMCID: PMC10341159 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The treatment of acute displaced midshaft clavicle fractures (ADMCFs) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of our institutional protocol by comparing the clinical and radiographic outcomes of two groups of patients with ADMCFs treated operatively and non-operatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS active patients with a traumatic, isolated non-pathological ADMCF with at least 1-year clinical and radiographic follow up were included. Surgical treatment was performed in the cases where the residual displacement was higher than 140% after the application of a figure-of-eight bandage (F8-B). All other cases were treated conservatively with a F8-B. A total of 134 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups: surgical and conservative groups, with 59 and 75 patients, respectively. Radiological and clinical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Good clinical (Constant-Murley Score, the Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, and VAS satisfaction) and radiographic outcomes (initial and residual shortening, initial and residual displacement) were obtained for ADMCFs in both groups. Multivariate analysis showed that patients treated conservatively had better clinical outcomes compared to surgically treated patients (p < 0.001). Return to sports was longer in those treated with surgery. Initial shortening was found to impact clinical outcomes as well as initial displacement. None of the patients showed signs of non-union in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Very good mid-term clinical results can be obtained in adult patients with ADMCFs, conservatively or operatively managed, by applying our institutional treatment protocol based on objective radiographic parameters evaluated in the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Biz
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Assunta Pozzuoli
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Belluzzi
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Scucchiari
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Alessandro Rossin
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Cerchiaro
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Ruggieri
- Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University-Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Hemphill WO, Voong CK, Fenske R, Goodrich JA, Cech TR. Multiple RNA- and DNA-binding proteins exhibit direct transfer of polynucleotides with implications for target-site search. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220537120. [PMID: 37339225 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220537120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the polycomb repressive complex 2 chromatin-modifying enzyme can directly transfer between RNA and DNA without a free-enzyme intermediate state. Simulations suggested that such a direct transfer mechanism may be generally necessary for RNA to recruit proteins to chromatin, but the prevalence of direct transfer capability is unknown. Herein, we used fluorescence polarization assays and observed direct transfer for several well-characterized nucleic acid-binding proteins: three-prime repair exonuclease 1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U, Fem-3-binding factor 2, and MS2 bacteriophage coat protein. For TREX1, the direct transfer mechanism was additionally observed in single-molecule assays, and the data suggest that direct transfer occurs through an unstable ternary intermediate with partially associated polynucleotides. Generally, direct transfer could allow many DNA- and RNA-binding proteins to conduct a one-dimensional search for their target sites. Furthermore, proteins that bind both RNA and DNA might be capable of readily translocating between those ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne O Hemphill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Calvin K Voong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Regan Fenske
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - James A Goodrich
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Thomas R Cech
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
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Hemphill W, Fenske R, Gooding A, Cech T. PRC2 direct transfer from G-quadruplex RNA to dsDNA has implications for RNA-binding chromatin modifiers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220528120. [PMID: 37252986 PMCID: PMC10266057 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220528120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The chromatin-modifying enzyme, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), deposits the H3K27me3 epigenetic mark to negatively regulate expression at numerous target genes, and this activity has been implicated in embryonic development, cell differentiation, and various cancers. A biological role for RNA binding in regulating PRC2 histone methyltransferase activity is generally accepted, but the nature and mechanism of this relationship remains an area of active investigation. Notably, many in vitro studies demonstrate that RNA inhibits PRC2 activity on nucleosomes through mutually antagonistic binding, while some in vivo studies indicate that PRC2's RNA-binding activity is critical for facilitating its biological function(s). Here we use biochemical, biophysical, and computational approaches to interrogate PRC2's RNA and DNA-binding kinetics. Our findings demonstrate that PRC2-polynucleotide dissociation rates are dependent on the concentration of free ligand, indicating the potential for direct transfer between nucleic acid ligands without a free-enzyme intermediate. Direct transfer explains the variation in previously reported dissociation kinetics, allows reconciliation of prior in vitro and in vivo studies, and expands the potential mechanisms of RNA-mediated PRC2 regulation. Moreover, simulations indicate that such a direct transfer mechanism could be obligatory for RNA to recruit proteins to chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne O. Hemphill
- Department of Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
| | - Regan Fenske
- Department of Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
| | - Anne R. Gooding
- Department of Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
| | - Thomas R. Cech
- Department of Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
- HHMI, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO80309
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Yang G, Gong G, Fu C, Liu C. Analysis of heart displacement during thoracic radiotherapy based on electrocardiograph-gated 4-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:2754-2762. [PMID: 37324080 PMCID: PMC10267920 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Periodic cardiac movement may expose the heart to radiation field induced damage, leading to radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). Studies have proven that delineation of the heart based on planning CT fails to show the real margin of the substructures and a compensatory margin should be applied. The purpose of this study was to quantify the dynamic changes and the compensatory extension range by breath-hold and electrocardiogram gated 4-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (4D-MRI), which had the advantage of discriminating soft tissues. Methods Eventually, 15 patients with oesophageal or lung cancers were enrolled, including one female and nine males aged from 59 to 77 years from December 10th, 2018, to March 4th, 2020. The displacement of the heart and its substructures was measured through a fusion volume and the compensatory expansion range was calculated by expending the boundary on the planning CT to that of the fusion volume. The differences were tested through the Kruskal-Wallis H test and were considered significant at a two-side P<0.05. Results The extent of movement of heart and its substructures during one cardiac cycle were approximately 4.0-26.1 millimetre (mm) in anterior-posterior (AP), left-right (LR), and cranial-caudal (CC) axes, and the compensatory margins should be applied to planning CT by extending the margins by 1.7, 3.6, 1.8, 3.0, 2.1, and 2.9 centimetres (cm) for pericardium; 1.2, 2.5, 1.0, 2.8, 1.8, and 3.3 cm for heart; 3.8, 3.4, 3.1, 2.8, 0.9, and 2.0 cm for interatrial septum; 3.3, 4.9, 2.0, 4.1, 1.1, and 2.9 cm for interventricular septum; 2.2, 3.0, 1.1, 5.3, 1.8, and 2.4 cm for left ventricular muscle (LVM); 5.9, 3.4, 2.1, 6.1, 5.4, and 3.6 cm for antero-lateral papillary muscle (ALPM); and 6.6, 2.9, 2.6, 6.6, 3.9, and 4.8 cm for postero-medial papillary muscle (PMPM) in anterior, posterior, left, right, cranial, and caudal directions, respectively. Conclusions Periodic cardiac activity causes obvious displacement of the heart and its substructures, and the motion amplitude of substructures differs. Extending a certain margin as the compensatory extension to represent the organs at risk (OAR) and then limiting the dose-volume parameters could be performed in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Yang
- Department of Oncology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guanzhong Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chengrui Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Futani H, Kawaguchi T, Sawai T, Tachibana T. Treatment Strategy of Fractured Osteochondroma in the Young Athlete's Knee. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113615. [PMID: 37297809 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of surgery versus observation in young athletes with fractured osteochondromas in the knee. The secondary aim was to evaluate displacement versus non-displacement fractures with regards to functional recovery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in young athletes with fractures of osteochondromas in the knee. In the surgery group, resection of the osteochondromas was performed due to pain persisting at 4 weeks after injury. In contrast, patients with pain diminishing within 4 weeks after injury were observed without surgery. Displacement was defined as a gap widening of ≥1 mm between fragments, or translation of >50% of the distal fragment in relation to the proximal fragment. The time to return to the original sport was compared between groups. Results: The study sample was composed of 21 patients with a mean age of 12 years (range 9-16 years). There were 14 patients in the surgery group and 7 patients in the observation group. There were 10 patients (71%) with displacement and 4 patients (29%) with non-displacement fractures in the surgery group. Surgery was required more frequently in displacement than in non-displacement fracture patients (p = 0.01). The mean time to return to the original sport was 2.1 ± 1.1 and 7.2 ± 4.1 weeks in the surgery and observation groups, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Surgical excision is preferable in a young athlete's knee presenting with displacement of fractured osteochondromas due to disabling symptoms and in order to allow them to return faster to original sports activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Futani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Sawai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiya Tachibana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
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Biehl A, Colmon R, Timofeeva A, Gracioso Martins AM, Dion GR, Peters K, Freytes DO. Scalable and High-Throughput In Vitro Vibratory Platform for Vocal Fold Tissue Engineering Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:602. [PMID: 37237672 PMCID: PMC10215097 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The vocal folds (VFs) are constantly exposed to mechanical stimulation leading to changes in biomechanical properties, structure, and composition. The development of long-term strategies for VF treatment depends on the characterization of related cells, biomaterials, or engineered tissues in a controlled mechanical environment. Our aim was to design, develop, and characterize a scalable and high-throughput platform that mimics the mechanical microenvironment of the VFs in vitro. The platform consists of a 24-well plate fitted with a flexible membrane atop a waveguide equipped with piezoelectric speakers which allows for cells to be exposed to various phonatory stimuli. The displacements of the flexible membrane were characterized via Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV). Human VF fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells were seeded, exposed to various vibratory regimes, and the expression of pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory genes was analyzed. Compared to current bioreactor designs, the platform developed in this study can incorporate commercial assay formats ranging from 6- to 96-well plates which represents a significant improvement in scalability. This platform is modular and allows for tunable frequency regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Biehl
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 4130 Engineering Building III, Campus Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA (R.C.); (A.M.G.M.)
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Ramair Colmon
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 4130 Engineering Building III, Campus Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA (R.C.); (A.M.G.M.)
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Anastasia Timofeeva
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (A.T.); (K.P.)
| | - Ana Maria Gracioso Martins
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 4130 Engineering Building III, Campus Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA (R.C.); (A.M.G.M.)
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Gregory R. Dion
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Kara Peters
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (A.T.); (K.P.)
| | - Donald O. Freytes
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 4130 Engineering Building III, Campus Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA (R.C.); (A.M.G.M.)
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Tobon-Garcia D, Cordoba-Castro LA, Pacichana-Quinayaz SG, Fandiño-Losada A, Gutierrez-Martinez MI. One-year outcomes of two community-based mental health interventions for Afro-Colombian survivors of the armed conflict and displacement. Med Confl Surviv 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37137735 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2196500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study is to assess the middle-term effects (1 year after intervention) of two community-based mental health interventions, Common Elements Treatment Approach intervention, CETA, and Narrative Community Group Therapy intervention, NCGT, in two cities of the Colombian Pacific region (Buenaventura and Quibdó). A follow-up study was conducted on a cohort of trial participants. In this trial, the positive effects of two mental health interventions were evaluated; assessment was carried out in separate groups (CETA arm, NCGT arm and a control group) of the reduction of symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress and function impaired mentality. The participants were Afro-Colombian survivors of the armed conflict and displacement living in Buenaventura and Quibdó. They were surveyed using the same instrument used in the original trial. Intent-to-treat analyses were performed, and longitudinal mixed-effects regression models with random effects were used to analyse the middle-term effects of the interventions. At 1-year post-intervention, participants in Buenaventura who received the CETA intervention experienced a decrease in depression (-0.23; p = 0.02), post-traumatic stress symptoms (-0.23; p = 0.02) and total mental health symptoms (-0.14; p = 0.048). In Quibdó, the NCGT intervention significantly improved function impairment (-0.30; p = 0.005). CETA and NCGT interventions have the potential to maintain a reduction of mental health symptoms in participants from the Colombian Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Bonilla-Escobar
- Instituto Cisalva, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
- Fundación Somos Ciencia al Servicio de la Comunidad, Fundación SCISCO/Science to Serve the Community Foundation, SCISCO Foundation, Cali, Colombia
- Institute for Clinical Research Education, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Tomé AR, Carvalho FM, Teixeira-Santos R, Burmølle M, Mergulhão FJM, Gomes LC. Use of Probiotics to Control Biofilm Formation in Food Industries. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040754. [PMID: 37107116 PMCID: PMC10135146 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms tend to adhere to food contact surfaces and form biofilms, which serve as reservoirs for bacteria that can contaminate food. As part of a biofilm, bacteria are protected from the stressful conditions found during food processing and become tolerant to antimicrobials, including traditional chemical sanitisers and disinfectants. Several studies in the food industry have shown that probiotics can prevent attachment and the consequent biofilm formation by spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. This review discusses the most recent and relevant studies on the effects of probiotics and their metabolites on pre-established biofilms in the food industry. It shows that the use of probiotics is a promising approach to disrupt biofilms formed by a large spectrum of foodborne microorganisms, with Lactiplantibacillus and Lacticaseibacillus being the most tested genera, both in the form of probiotic cells and as sources of cell-free supernatant. The standardisation of anti-biofilm assays for evaluating the potential of probiotics in biofilm control is of extreme importance, enabling more reliable, comparable, and predictable results, thus promoting significant advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia R Tomé
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio M Carvalho
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Teixeira-Santos
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filipe J M Mergulhão
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana C Gomes
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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