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Rimal R, Muduli S, Desai P, Marquez AB, Möller M, Platzman I, Spatz J, Singh S. Vascularized 3D Human Skin Models in the Forefront of Dermatological Research. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303351. [PMID: 38277705 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
In vitro engineered skin models are emerging as an alternative platform to reduce and replace animal testing in dermatological research. Despite the progress made in recent years, considerable challenges still exist for the inclusion of diverse cell types within skin models. Blood vessels, in particular, are essential in maintaining tissue homeostasis and are one of many primary contributors to skin disease inception and progression. Substantial efforts in the past have allowed the successful fabrication of vascularized skin models that are currently utilized for disease modeling and drugs/cosmetics testing. This review first discusses the need for vascularization within tissue-engineered skin models, highlighting their role in skin grafting and disease pathophysiology. Second, the review spotlights the milestones and recent progress in the fabrication and utilization of vascularized skin models. Additionally, advances including the use of bioreactors, organ-on-a-chip devices, and organoid systems are briefly explored. Finally, the challenges and future outlook for vascularized skin models are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rimal
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Saradaprasan Muduli
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Prachi Desai
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Bonnin Marquez
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Möller
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ilia Platzman
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Spatz
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Nita LE, Nacu I, Ghilan A, Rusu AG, Şerban AM, Bercea M, Verestiuc L, Chiriac AP. Evaluation of hyaluronic acid-polymacrolactone hydrogels with 3D printing capacity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128279. [PMID: 37992923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of personalized patches, tailored to individual genetic profiles and containing specific amounts of bioactive substances, has the potential to produce a transformative impact within the medical sector. There are several methods of designing scaffolds in the context of personalized medicine, with three-dimensional (3D) printing emerging as a pivotal technique. This innovative approach can be used to construct a wide variety of pharmaceutical dosage forms, characterized by variations in shape, release profile, and drug combinations, allowing precise dose individualization and the incorporation of multiple therapeutic agents. To expand the potential and applicability of personalized medicine, particularly with regards to indomethacin (IND), a drug necessitating individualized dosing, this study proposes the development of new transdermal delivery systems for IND based on hyaluronic acid and a polylactone synthesized within our research group, namely poly(ethylene brasilate-co-squaric acid) (PEBSA). The obtained systems were characterized in terms of their swelling capacity, rheological behavior, and morphological characteristics that highlighted the formation of stable three-dimensional networks. To impart specific shape and geometry to the structures, multi-component systems based on PEBSA, HA, and methacrylate gelatin were obtained. The scaffolds were loaded with IND and subsequently 3D printed. The release capacity of IND and its dependence on the relative ratios of the components comprising the scaffold composition were highlighted. The cytocompatibility studies revealed the successful development of biocompatible and noncytotoxic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana E Nita
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Isabella Nacu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Ghilan
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina G Rusu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru M Şerban
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Bercea
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liliana Verestiuc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Aurica P Chiriac
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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3
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Iaconisi GN, Gallo N, Caforio L, Ricci V, Fiermonte G, Della Tommasa S, Bernetti A, Dolce V, Farì G, Capobianco L. Clinical and Biochemical Implications of Hyaluronic Acid in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1647. [PMID: 38138874 PMCID: PMC10744407 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) naturally occurs as a biopolymer in the human body, primarily in connective tissues like joints and skin. Functioning as a vital element of synovial fluid, it lubricates joints, facilitating fluid movement and diminishing bone friction to protect articular well-being. Its distinctive attributes encompass notable viscosity and water retention capacities, ensuring flexibility and absorbing shock during motion. Furthermore, HA has gained significant attention for its potential benefits in various medical applications, including rehabilitation. Ongoing research explores its properties and functions, especially its biomedical applications in several clinical trials, with a focus on its role in improving rehabilitation outcomes. But the clinical and biochemical implications of HA in musculoskeletal rehabilitation have yet to be fully explored. This review thoroughly investigates the properties and functions of HA while highlighting its biomedical applications in different clinical trials, with a special emphasis on its role in rehabilitation. The presented findings provide evidence that HA, as a natural substance, enhances the outcomes of musculoskeletal rehabilitation through its exceptional mechanical and biochemical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Natalia Iaconisi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.N.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Laura Caforio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Ricci
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fiermonte
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Simone Della Tommasa
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04109 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Andrea Bernetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.N.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Farì
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.N.I.); (A.B.)
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4
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Zarur M, Seijo-Rabina A, Goyanes A, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. pH-responsive scaffolds for tissue regeneration: In vivo performance. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:22-41. [PMID: 37482146 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
A myriad of pH-sensitive scaffolds has been reported in recent decades. Information on their behaviour in vitro under conditions that mimic the pH changes that occur during tissue regeneration is abundant. Differently, the in vivo demonstration of the advantages of pH-responsive systems in comparison with non-responders is more limited. The in vivo scenario is very complex and the intricate relationship between the host response, the overall pathological conditions of the patient, and the risk of colonization by microorganisms is very difficult to imitate in in vitro tests. This review aims to shed light on how the changes in pH between healthy and damaged states and also during the healing process have been exploited so far to develop polymer-based scaffolds that actively contribute in vivo to the healing process avoiding chronification. The main strategies so far tested to prepare pH-responsive scaffolds rely on (i) changes in ionization of natural polymers, ionizable monomers and clays, (ii) reversible cross-linkers, (iii) coatings, and (iv) production of CO2 gas. These strategies are analysed in detail in this review with the description of relevant examples of their performance on specific animal models. The versatility of the techniques used to prepare biocompatible and environment-friendly pH-responsive scaffolds that have been implemented in the last decade may pave the way for a successful translation to the clinic. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We report here on the most recent advances in pH-responsive polymer-based scaffolds that have been demonstrated in vivo to be suitable for wound and bone healing. pH is a critical variable in the tissue regeneration process, and small changes can speed up or completely stop the process. Although there is still a paucity of information on the performance in the complex in vivo environment, recently reported achievements using scaffolds endowed with pH-responsiveness through ionic natural polymers, ionizable monomers and clays, reversible cross-linkers, coatings, or formation of CO2 ensure a promising future towards clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Zarur
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Alejandro Seijo-Rabina
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
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5
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Kotla NG, Mohd Isa IL, Larrañaga A, Maddiboyina B, Swamy SK, Sivaraman G, Vemula PK. Hyaluronic Acid-Based Bioconjugate Systems, Scaffolds, and Their Therapeutic Potential. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203104. [PMID: 36972409 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of hyaluronic acid or hyaluronan (HA) based scaffolds, medical devices, bioconjugate systems have expanded into a broad range of research and clinical applications. Research findings over the last two decades suggest that the abundance of HA in most mammalian tissues with distinctive biological roles and chemical simplicity for modifications have made it an attractive material with a rapidly growing global market. Besides its use as native forms, HA has received much interest on so-called "HA-bioconjugates" and "modified-HA systems". In this review, the importance of chemical modifications of HA, underlying rationale approaches, and various advancements of bioconjugate derivatives with their potential physicochemical, and pharmacological advantages are summarized. This review also highlights the current and emerging HA-based conjugates of small molecules, macromolecules, crosslinked systems, and surface coating strategies with their biological implications, including their potentials and key challenges discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan G Kotla
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India
| | - Isma Liza Mohd Isa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, Faculty of Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Balaji Maddiboyina
- Department of Medical Writing, Freyr Solutions, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500081, India
| | - Samantha K Swamy
- Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9037, Norway
| | - Gandhi Sivaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu, 624302, India
| | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India
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6
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Iaconisi GN, Lunetti P, Gallo N, Cappello AR, Fiermonte G, Dolce V, Capobianco L. Hyaluronic Acid: A Powerful Biomolecule with Wide-Ranging Applications-A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10296. [PMID: 37373443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan widely distributed in the human body, especially in body fluids and the extracellular matrix of tissues. It plays a crucial role not only in maintaining tissue hydration but also in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and the inflammatory response. HA has demonstrated its efficacy as a powerful bioactive molecule not only for skin antiaging but also in atherosclerosis, cancer, and other pathological conditions. Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and non-immunogenicity, several HA-based biomedical products have been developed. There is an increasing focus on optimizing HA production processes to achieve high-quality, efficient, and cost-effective products. This review discusses HA's structure, properties, and production through microbial fermentation. Furthermore, it highlights the bioactive applications of HA in emerging sectors of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Natalia Iaconisi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fiermonte
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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7
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Salathia S, Gigliobianco MR, Casadidio C, Di Martino P, Censi R. Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanosystems for CD44 Mediated Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087286. [PMID: 37108462 PMCID: PMC10138575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous and immune systems go hand in hand in causing inflammation and pain. However, the two are not mutually exclusive. While some diseases cause inflammation, others are caused by it. Macrophages play an important role in modulating inflammation to trigger neuropathic pain. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan that has a well-known ability to bind with the cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) receptor on classically activated M1 macrophages. Resolving inflammation by varying the molecular weight of HA is a debated concept. HA-based drug delivery nanosystems such as nanohydrogels and nanoemulsions, targeting macrophages can be used to relieve pain and inflammation by loading antinociceptive drugs and enhancing the effect of anti-inflammatory drugs. This review will discuss the ongoing research on HA-based drug delivery nanosystems regarding their antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Salathia
- School of Pharmacy, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | | | | | - Piera Di Martino
- School of Pharmacy, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti e Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Censi
- School of Pharmacy, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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8
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Bai Q, Gao Q, Hu F, Zheng C, Chen W, Sun N, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wu X, Lu T. Chitosan and hyaluronic-based hydrogels could promote the infected wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123271. [PMID: 36646352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The most important function of skin is to prevent biological dehydration and protect internal structures from the environment. When a wound becomes infected, the bacteria cause a sustained inflammatory response at the infected site, further delaying the healing process. Therefore, the search for better antibacterial strategies has become a topic of great concern. Therefore, the development of multifunctional hydrogels with antibacterial properties, ROS removal, and hemostasis is urgently required for promoting wound healing process. Chitosan is the only cationic natural polysaccharide with good biocompatibility, antibacterial and hemostatic ability. It is a candidate material to prepare hydrogel wound dressing. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural biological macromolecule that belongs to a group of heteropolysaccharides known as non-sulfated glycosaminoglycans. It is a major component of the skin extracellular matrix (ECM) and is involved in inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. Here, the hydrogel was designed with the natural macromolecular of the gallic acid-grafted quaternized chitosan (GA-QCS) and oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) via Schiff base and/or Michael addition reaction. It was found that the GA-QCS/OHA hydrogel exhibited multifunctional capabilities with injectable, hemostasis, degradation, and release of medicines. In addiation, GA-QCS/OHA hydrogels exhibited remarkable antioxidant and migration promoting effects in vitro. And the mupirocin-loaded GA-QCS/OHA hydrogels had inhibitory effects on E. coli (Gram-negative bacterium) and S. aureus (Gram-positive bacterium) in vitro. A full-thickness skin of S. aureus infection mouse wound model was used to test the bioactive effect of the hydrogels and the accelerated wound healing was obtained due to the inhibiting the proinflammatory factor TNF-α and upregulating the vascularization factor CD31. This study proposed an effective strategy based on antioxidant, antibacterial, self-healing multifunctional hydrogel for wound healing under various infectious complications. This natural macromolecular hydrogel could act as an effective reactive oxygen species scavenger to promote the wound healing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Que Bai
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Caiyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Na Sun
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jinxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xianglong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Tingli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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Naranjo-Alcazar R, Bendix S, Groth T, Gallego Ferrer G. Research Progress in Enzymatically Cross-Linked Hydrogels as Injectable Systems for Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030230. [PMID: 36975679 PMCID: PMC10048521 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have been developed for different biomedical applications such as in vitro culture platforms, drug delivery, bioprinting and tissue engineering. Enzymatic cross-linking has many advantages for its ability to form gels in situ while being injected into tissue, which facilitates minimally invasive surgery and adaptation to the shape of the defect. It is a highly biocompatible form of cross-linking, which permits the harmless encapsulation of cytokines and cells in contrast to chemically or photochemically induced cross-linking processes. The enzymatic cross-linking of synthetic and biogenic polymers also opens up their application as bioinks for engineering tissue and tumor models. This review first provides a general overview of the different cross-linking mechanisms, followed by a detailed survey of the enzymatic cross-linking mechanism applied to both natural and synthetic hydrogels. A detailed analysis of their specifications for bioprinting and tissue engineering applications is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Naranjo-Alcazar
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Sophie Bendix
- Department of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Research, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBER-BBN, ISCIII), 46022 Valencia, Spain
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10
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The Efficiency and Safety of Platelet-Rich Plasma Dressing in the Treatment of Chronic Wounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030430. [PMID: 36983611 PMCID: PMC10053387 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, many clinical trials have applied platelet-rich plasma (PRP) dressings to treat wounds that have stopped healing, which are also called chronic wounds. However, the clinical efficiency of PRP dressings in treating chronic wounds is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted this study to compare PRP dressings with normal saline dressings in treating chronic wounds. Relevant randomized controlled trials focusing on utilizing PRP dressings in treating chronic wounds were extracted from bibliographic databases. Finally, 330 patients with chronic wounds, reported in eight randomized controlled trials, were included in this study. In total, 169 out of 330 (51.21%) were treated with PRP dressings, and 161 out of 330 (48.79%) were treated with normal saline dressings. The pooled results showed that the complete healing rate of the PRP group was significantly higher than that of saline group at 8 weeks and 12 weeks, respectively. In addition, there were no significant differences in wound infection and adverse events. Compared with normal saline dressing, the PRP dressing could effectively enhance the prognosis of chronic wounds. Furthermore, the PRP did not increase wound infection rate or occurrence of adverse events as an available treatment for chronic wounds.
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11
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Serra M, Casas A, Toubarro D, Barros AN, Teixeira JA. Microbial Hyaluronic Acid Production: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052084. [PMID: 36903332 PMCID: PMC10004376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial production of hyaluronic acid (HA) is an area of research that has been gaining attention in recent years due to the increasing demand for this biopolymer for several industrial applications. Hyaluronic acid is a linear, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan that is widely distributed in nature and is mainly composed of repeating units of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid. It has a wide and unique range of properties such as viscoelasticity, lubrication, and hydration, which makes it an attractive material for several industrial applications such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. This review presents and discusses the available fermentation strategies to produce hyaluronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Serra
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.S.); or (A.N.B.)
| | - Ana Casas
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Duarte Toubarro
- CBA and Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus No 13, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.S.); or (A.N.B.)
| | - José António Teixeira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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12
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Kim NG, Chandika P, Kim SC, Won DH, Park WS, Choi IW, Lee SG, Kim YM, Jung WK. Fabrication and characterization of ferric ion cross-linked hyaluronic acid/pectin-based injectable hydrogel with antibacterial ability. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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13
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Mansi K, Kumar R, Jindal N, Singh K. Biocompatible nanocarriers an emerging platform for augmenting the antiviral attributes of bioactive polyphenols: A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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14
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Alcântara LO, de Sousa JR, Andrade FK, Teixeira EH, Cerqueira MÂ, da Silva ALC, Souza Filho MDSM, de Souza BWS. Extraction and characterization of hyaluronic acid from the eyeball of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:172-183. [PMID: 36495987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer of enormous value aggregation for in general industry. The vitreous humor of the eyeball from Nile tilapia contains appreciable amounts of hyaluronic acid. In this sense, the aim of this work was to extract and characterize hyaluronic acid from the eyeball of the Nile tilapia for biomedical applications, adding value to fish industry residues. The characterization by infra-red (FTIR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) confirmed that hyaluronic acid was obtained. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that the obtained material presents a low molecular mass (37 KDa). Thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the materials present a thermal stability superior to the commercial hyaluronic acid from Streptococcus equi, with a partially crystalline character. The cytotoxicity assay (MTT method) with fibroblast cells (L929) demonstrated that the extracted biopolymer besides not being cytotoxic, was able to stimulate cell proliferation. Therefore, the hyaluronic acid extracted from this source of residue constitutes a product with biotechnological potential, which has adequate quality for wide biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndervan Oliveira Alcântara
- Department of Fishing Engineering, Federal University of Ceara, Campus do Pici, 825, CEP: 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rabelo de Sousa
- Department of Fishing Engineering, Federal University of Ceara, Campus do Pici, 825, CEP: 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábia Karine Andrade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceara, Campus do Pici, 709, CEP: 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Edson Holanda Teixeira
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, UFC, CEP: 60430-160 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Miguel Ângelo Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - André Luis Coelho da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Campus do Pici, 907 CEP: 60451-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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15
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Nasser H, Eikmanns BJ, Tolba MM, El-Azizi M, Abou-Aisha K. The Superiority of Bacillus megaterium over Escherichia coli as a Recombinant Bacterial Host for Hyaluronic Acid Production. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122347. [PMID: 36557601 PMCID: PMC9787986 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polyanionic mucopolysaccharide extensively used in biomedical and cosmetic industries due to its unique rheological properties. Recombinant HA production using other microbial platforms has received increasing interest to avoid potential toxin contamination associated with its production by streptococcal fermentation. In this study, the Gram-negative strains Escherichia coli (pLysY/Iq), E. coli Rosetta2, E. coli Rosetta (DE3) pLysS, E. coli Rosetta2 (DE3), E. coli Rosetta gammiB(DE3)pLysS, and the Gram-positive Bacillus megaterium (MS941) were investigated as new platforms for the heterologous production of HA. (2) Results: The HA biosynthesis gene hasA, cloned from Streptococcus equi subsp. zoopedemicus, was ligated into plasmid pMM1522 (MoBiTec), resulting in pMM1522 hasA, which was introduced into E. coli Rosetta-2(DE3) and B. megaterium (MS941). The initial HA titer by the two hosts in the LB medium was 5 mg/L and 50 mg/L, respectively. Streptococcal hasABC and hasABCDE genes were ligated into plasmid pPT7 (MoBiTec) and different E. coli host strains were then transformed with the resulting plasmids pPT7hasABC and pPT7hasABCDE. For E. coli Rosetta-gamiB(DE3)pLysS transformed with pPT7hasABC, HA production was 500 ± 11.4 mg/L in terrific broth (TB) medium. Productivity was slightly higher (585 ± 2.9 mg/L) when the same host was transformed with pPT7 carrying the entire HA operon. We also transformed B. megaterium (MS941) protoplasts carrying T7-RNAP with pPT7hasABC and pPT7hasABCDE. In comparison, the former plasmid resulted in HA titers of 2116.7 ± 44 and 1988.3 ± 19.6 mg/L in LB media supplemented with 5% sucrose and A5 medium + MOPSO, respectively; the latter plasmid boosted the titer final concentration further to reach 2476.7 ± 14.5 mg/L and 2350 ± 28.8 mg/L in the two media, respectively. The molecular mass of representative HA samples ranged from 105 − 106 Daltons (Da), and the polydispersity index (PDI) was <2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the HA product were identical to those obtained for commercially available standard polymers. Finally, scanning electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of extensive HA capsules in E. coli Rosetta-gamiB(DE3)pLysS, while no HA capsules were produced by B. megaterium. (3) Conclusions: Our results suggested that Gram-positive bacteria are probably superior host strains for recombinant HA production over their Gram-negative counters. The titers and the molecular weight (MW) of HA produced by B. megaterium were significantly higher than those obtained by different E. coli host strains used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- HebaT’Allah Nasser
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11435, Egypt
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Mahmoud M. Tolba
- Pharmaceutical Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Faiyum City 63723, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Azizi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11435, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abou-Aisha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11435, Egypt
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16
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Hwang J, Kiick KL, Sullivan MO. Modified hyaluronic acid-collagen matrices trigger efficient gene transfer and prohealing behavior in fibroblasts for improved wound repair. Acta Biomater 2022; 150:138-153. [PMID: 35907557 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor therapy has demonstrated great promise for chronic wound repair, but controlling growth factor activity and cell phenotype over desired time frames remains a critical challenge. In this study, we developed a gene-activated hyaluronic acid-collagen matrix (GAHCM) comprising DNA/polyethylenimine (PEI) polyplexes retained on hyaluronic acid (HA)-collagen hydrogels using collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs). We hypothesized that manipulating both the number of CMP-collagen tethers and the ECM composition would provide a powerful strategy to control growth factor gene transfer kinetics while regulating cell behavior, resulting in enhanced growth factor activity for wound repair. We observed that polyplexes with 50% CMP-modified PEI (50 CP) showed enhanced retention of polyplexes in HCM hydrogels by 2.7-fold as compared to non-CMP modified polyplexes. Moreover, the incorporation of HA in the hydrogel promoted a significant increase in gene transfection efficiency based upon analysis of Gaussia luciferase (GLuc) reporter gene expression, and gene expression could be attenuated by blocking HA-CD44 signaling. Furthermore, when fibroblasts were exposed to vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-GAHCM, the 50 CP matrix facilitated sustained VEGF-A production for up to 7 days, with maximal expression at day 5. Application of these VEGF-A-50 CP samples stimulated prolonged pro-healing responses, including the TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast-like phenotypes and enhanced closure of murine splinted wounds. Overall, these findings demonstrate the use of ECM-based materials to stimulate efficient gene transfer and regulate cellular phenotype, resulting in improved control of growth factor activity for wound repair. GAHCM have significant potential to overcome key challenges in growth factor therapy for regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite great promise for growth factor therapies in wound treatment, controlling growth factor activity and providing a microenvironment for cells that maximizes growth factor signaling have continued to limit the success of existing formulations. Our GAHCM strategy, combining CMP gene delivery and hyaluronic acid-collagen matrix, enabled enhanced wound healing efficacy via the combination of controlled and localized growth factor expression and matrix-mediated regulation of cell behavior. Incorporation of CMPs and HA in the same matrix synergistically enhanced VEGF activity as compared with simpler matrices. Accordingly, GAHCM will advance our ability to leverage growth factor signaling for wound healing, resulting in new long-term treatments for recalcitrant wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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17
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Casey-Power S, Ryan R, Behl G, McLoughlin P, Byrne ME, Fitzhenry L. Hyaluronic Acid: Its Versatile Use in Ocular Drug Delivery with a Specific Focus on Hyaluronic Acid-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071479. [PMID: 35890371 PMCID: PMC9323903 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research is currently being conducted into novel ocular drug delivery systems (ODDS) that are capable of surpassing the limitations associated with conventional intraocular anterior and posterior segment treatments. Nanoformulations, including those synthesised from the natural, hydrophilic glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronic acid (HA), have gained significant traction due to their enhanced intraocular permeation, longer retention times, high physiological stability, inherent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, conventional nanoformulation preparation methods often require large volumes of organic solvent, chemical cross-linkers, and surfactants, which can pose significant toxicity risks. We present a comprehensive, critical review of the use of HA in the field of ophthalmology and ocular drug delivery, with a discussion of the physicochemical and biological properties of HA that render it a suitable excipient for drug delivery to both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. The pivotal focus of this review is a discussion of the formation of HA-based nanoparticles via polyelectrolyte complexation, a mild method of preparation driven primarily by electrostatic interaction between opposing polyelectrolytes. To the best of our knowledge, despite the growing number of publications centred around the development of HA-based polyelectrolyte complexes (HA-PECs) for ocular drug delivery, no review articles have been published in this area. This review aims to bridge the identified gap in the literature by (1) reviewing recent advances in the area of HA-PECs for anterior and posterior ODD, (2) describing the mechanism and thermodynamics of polyelectrolyte complexation, and (3) critically evaluating the intrinsic and extrinsic formulation parameters that must be considered when designing HA-PECs for ocular application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoirse Casey-Power
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Richie Ryan
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Gautam Behl
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Peter McLoughlin
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Mark E. Byrne
- Biomimetic & Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices & Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Laurence Fitzhenry
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, X91 K0EK Waterford, Ireland; (R.R.); (G.B.); (P.M.); (L.F.)
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18
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Amini N, Milan PB, Sarmadi VH, Derakhshanmehr B, Hivechi A, Khodaei F, Hamidi M, Ashraf S, Larijani G, Rezapour A. Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering. Front Med 2022; 16:358-377. [PMID: 35687278 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
According to literature, certain microorganism productions mediate biological effects. However, their beneficial characteristics remain unclear. Nowadays, scientists concentrate on obtaining natural materials from live creatures as new sources to produce innovative smart biomaterials for increasing tissue reconstruction in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The present review aims to introduce microorganism-derived biological macromolecules, such as pullulan, alginate, dextran, curdlan, and hyaluronic acid, and their available sources for tissue engineering. Growing evidence indicates that these materials can be used as biological material in scaffolds to enhance regeneration in damaged tissues and contribute to cosmetic and dermatological applications. These natural-based materials are attractive in pharmaceutical, regenerative medicine, and biomedical applications. This study provides a detailed overview of natural-based biomaterials, their chemical and physical properties, and new directions for future research and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Amini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1591639675, Iran.,Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1591639675, Iran. .,Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran. .,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
| | - Vahid Hosseinpour Sarmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1591639675, Iran.,Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Bahareh Derakhshanmehr
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hivechi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1591639675, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Fateme Khodaei
- Burn Research Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1591639675, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4477166595, Iran
| | - Sara Ashraf
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Larijani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezapour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, 3715835155, Iran. .,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, 3715835155, Iran.
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19
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Amiri F, Babaei M, Jamshidi N, Agheb M, Rafienia M, Kazemi M. Fabrication and assessment of a novel hybrid scaffold consisted of polyurethane-gellan gum-hyaluronic acid-glucosamine for meniscus tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:610-622. [PMID: 35051502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The meniscus has inadequate intrinsic regenerative capacity and its damage can lead to degeneration of articular cartilage. Meniscus tissue engineering aims to restore an injured meniscus followed by returning its normal function through bioengineered scaffolds. In the present study, the structural and biological properties of 3D-printed polyurethane (PU) scaffolds dip-coated with gellan gum (GG), hyaluronic acid (HA), and glucosamine (GA) were investigated. The optimum concentration of GG was 3% (w/v) with maintaining porosity at 88.1%. The surface coating of GG-HA-GA onto the PU scaffolds increased the compression modulus from 30.30 kPa to 59.10 kPa, the water uptake ratio from 27.33% to 60.80%, degradation rate from 5.18% to 8.84%, whereas the contact angle was reduced from 104.8° to 59.3°. MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescent staining, and SEM were adopted to assess the behavior of the seeded chondrocytes on scaffolds, and it was found that the ternary surface coating stimulated the cell proliferation, viability, and adhesion. Moreover, the coated scaffolds showed higher expression levels of collagen II and aggrecan genes at day 7 compared to the control groups. Therefore, the fabricated PU-3% (w/v) GG-HA-GA scaffold can be considered as a promising scaffold for meniscus tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Amiri
- Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Melika Babaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nima Jamshidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Maria Agheb
- Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center (BRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Hyaluronic Acids. Application to Stability Studies of Chitosan-Hyaluronic Acid Nanogels Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. Gels 2022; 8:gels8030182. [PMID: 35323295 PMCID: PMC8949952 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) was functionalized with a series of amino synthons (octylamine, polyethylene glycol amine, trifluoropropyl amine, rhodamine). Sodium hyaluronate (HAs) was first converted into its protonated form (HAp) and the reaction was conducted in DMSO by varying the initial ratio (−NH2 (synthon)/COOH (HAp)). HA derivatives were characterized by a combination of techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR, 1D diffusion-filtered 19F NMR, DOSY experiments), and degrees of substitution (DSHA) varying from 0.3% to 47% were determined, according to the grafted synthon. Nanohydrogels were then obtained by ionic gelation between functionalized hyaluronic acids and chitosan (CS) and tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linker. Nanohydrogels for which HA and CS were respectively labeled by rhodamine and fluorescein which are a fluorescent donor-acceptor pair were subjected to FRET experiments to evaluate the stability of these nano-assemblies.
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21
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Potential Applications of Biopolymers in Fisheries Industry. Biopolymers 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98392-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Gallo N, Natali ML, Curci C, Picerno A, Gallone A, Vulpi M, Vitarelli A, Ditonno P, Cascione M, Sallustio F, Rinaldi R, Sannino A, Salvatore L. Analysis of the Physico-Chemical, Mechanical and Biological Properties of Crosslinked Type-I Collagen from Horse Tendon: Towards the Development of Ideal Scaffolding Material for Urethral Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7648. [PMID: 34947245 PMCID: PMC8707771 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Urethral stenosis is a pathological condition that consists in the narrowing of the urethral lumen because of the formation of scar tissue. Unfortunately, none of the current surgical approaches represent an optimal solution because of the high stricture recurrence rate. In this context, we preliminarily explored the potential of an insoluble type-I collagen from horse tendon as scaffolding material for the development of innovative devices for the regeneration of injured urethral tracts. Non-porous collagen-based substrates were produced and optimized, in terms of crosslinking density of the macromolecular structure, to either provide mechanical properties compliant with the urinary tract physiological stress and better sustain tissue regeneration. The effect of the adopted crosslinking strategy on the protein integrity and on the substrate physical-chemical, mechanical and biological properties was investigated in comparison with a decellularized matrix from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS patch), an extensively used xenograft licensed for clinical use in urology. The optimized production protocols allowed the preservation of the type I collagen native structure and the realization of a substrate with appealing end-use properties. The biological response, preliminarily investigated by immunofluorescence experiments on human adult renal stem/progenitor cells until 28 days, showed the formation of a stem-cell monolayer within 14 days and the onset of spheroids within 28 days. These results suggested the great potential of the collagen-based material for the development of scaffolds for urethral plate regeneration and for in vitro cellular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Lucia Natali
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
- Typeone Biomaterials, Via Vittorio Veneto 64/C, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Vulpi
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Antonio Vitarelli
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
- Typeone Biomaterials, Via Vittorio Veneto 64/C, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
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Marinho A, Nunes C, Reis S. Hyaluronic Acid: A Key Ingredient in the Therapy of Inflammation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1518. [PMID: 34680150 PMCID: PMC8533685 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer, produced endogenously by the human body, which has unique physicochemical and biological properties, exhibiting desirable biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, it has been widely studied for possible applications in the area of inflammatory diseases. Although exogenous HA has been described as unable to restore or replace the properties and activities of endogenous HA, it can still provide satisfactory pain relief. This review aims to discuss the advances that have been achieved in the treatment of inflammatory diseases using hyaluronic acid as a key ingredient, essentially focusing on studies carried out between the years 2017 and 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.); (S.R.)
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24
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Pereira FM, Melo MN, Santos ÁKM, Oliveira KV, Diz FM, Ligabue RA, Morrone FB, Severino P, Fricks AT. Hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles as carrier for the enzyme/prodrug complex based on horseradish peroxidase/indole-3-acetic acid: Characterization and potential therapeutic for bladder cancer cells. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 150:109889. [PMID: 34489042 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid nanoparticles composed of different biopolymers for delivery of enzyme/prodrug systems are of interest for cancer therapy. Hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles (CS/HA NP) were prepared to encapsulate individually an enzyme/pro-drug complex based on horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). CS/HA NP showed size around 158 nm and increase to 170 and 200 nm after IAA and HRP encapsulation, respectively. Nanoparticles showed positive zeta potential values (between +20.36 mV and +24.40 mV) and higher encapsulation efficiencies for both nanoparticles (up to 90 %) were obtained. Electron microscopy indicated the formation of spherical particles with smooth surface characteristic. Physicochemical and thermal characterizations suggest the encapsulation of HRP and IAA. Kinetic parameters for encapsulated HRP were similar to those of the free enzyme. IAA-CS/HA NP showed a bimodal release profile of IAA with a high initial release (72 %) followed by a slow-release pattern. The combination of HRP-CS/HA NP and IAA- CS/HA NP reduced by 88 % the cell viability of human bladder carcinoma cell line (T24) in the concentrations 0.5 mM of pro-drug and 1.2 μg/mL of the enzyme after 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Menezes Pereira
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Micael Nunes Melo
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Átali Kayane Mendes Santos
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Karony Vieira Oliveira
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Fernando Mendonça Diz
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosane Angélica Ligabue
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Alini Tinoco Fricks
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
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25
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Kotla NG, Bonam SR, Rasala S, Wankar J, Bohara RA, Bayry J, Rochev Y, Pandit A. Recent advances and prospects of hyaluronan as a multifunctional therapeutic system. J Control Release 2021; 336:598-620. [PMID: 34237401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a naturally occurring non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), cell-surface-associated biopolymer and is the key component of tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). Along with remarkable physicochemical properties, HA also has multifaceted biological effects that include but not limited to ECM organization, immunomodulation, and various cellular processes. Environmental cues such as tissue injury, infection or cancer change downstream signaling functionalities of HA. Unlike native HA, the fragments of HA have diversified effects on inflammation, cancer, fibrosis, angiogenesis and autoimmune response. In this review, we aim to discuss HA as a therapeutic delivery system development process, source, biophysical-chemical properties, and associated biological pathways (especially via cell surface receptors) of native and fragmented HA. We also tried to address an overview of the potential role of HA (native HA vs fragments) in the modulation of inflammation, immune response and various cancer targeting delivery applications. This review will also highlight the HA based therapeutic systems, medical devices and future perspectives of various biomedical applications were discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan G Kotla
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Swetha Rasala
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Jitendra Wankar
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Raghvendra A Bohara
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris F-75006, France; Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678 623, Kerala, India
| | - Yury Rochev
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland.
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26
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Alven S, Aderibigbe BA. Hyaluronic Acid-Based Scaffolds as Potential Bioactive Wound Dressings. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132102. [PMID: 34206711 PMCID: PMC8272193 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The negative factors that result in delayed and prolonged wound healing process include microbial pathogens, excess wound exudates, underlying conditions, smoking, obesity, etc. Most of the currently used wound dressings demonstrate an inadequate capacity to treat wounds resulting from the factors mentioned above. The commonly used wound dressings include hydrogels, films, hydrocolloids, foams, fibers, sponges, dermal patches, bandages, etc. These wound dressings can be loaded with various types of bioactive agents (e.g., antibiotics, nanoparticles, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc.) to improve their therapeutic outcomes. Biopolymers offer interesting properties suitable for the design of wound dressings. This review article will be based on hyaluronic-acid-based scaffolds loaded with therapeutic agents for the treatment of wounds.
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27
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Paiva WKVD, Medeiros WRDBD, Assis CFD, Dos Santos ES, de Sousa Júnior FC. Physicochemical characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of hyaluronic acid produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus CCT 7546. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:234-243. [PMID: 34057882 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1929320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer with applications in different areas such as medicine and cosmetics. HA is currently either isolated from animal sources or produced by microbial fermentation. Animal HA presents some disadvantages such as high cost and risk of viral cross-species or another infectious agent. In the present study, we evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and in vitro antioxidant capacity of HA produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus CCT 7546. In addition, commercial sodium hyaluronate (SH) from an animal source was used as control. The microbial HA yield after purification was 69.8 mg/L. According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it was seen that bacterial and animal HA spectra are overlapped. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed that microbial HA was more stable than its equivalent from the animal source. However, scanning electron microscopy indicates that the purification method used in the animal product was more effective. Microbial HA showed activity in total antioxidant capacity (14.02 ± 0.38%), reducing power (18.18 ± 6.43%), DPPH radical-scavenging (5.57 ± 0.23 kmol TE/g), and hydroxyl radical-scavenging (28.39 ± 2.40%) tests. Therefore, in vitro antioxidant tests demonstrated that the antioxidant action mechanism occurs through scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and donating electrons/hydrogen atoms.
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28
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Boosting the Photoaged Skin: The Potential Role of Dietary Components. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051691. [PMID: 34065733 PMCID: PMC8156873 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin photoaging is mainly induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and its manifestations include dry skin, coarse wrinkle, irregular pigmentation, and loss of skin elasticity. Dietary supplementation of nutraceuticals with therapeutic and preventive effects against skin photoaging has recently received increasing attention. This article aims to review the research progress in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of UV-induced skin photoaging. Subsequently, the beneficial effects of dietary components on skin photoaging are discussed. The photoaging process and the underlying mechanisms are complex. Matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factors, skin adipose tissue, inflammation, oxidative stress, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, telomeres, microRNA, advanced glycation end products, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and transient receptor potential cation channel V are key regulators that drive the photoaging-associated changes in skin. Meanwhile, mounting evidence from animal models and clinical trials suggests that various food-derived components attenuate the development and symptoms of skin photoaging. The major mechanisms of these dietary components to alleviate skin photoaging include the maintenance of skin moisture and extracellular matrix content, regulation of specific signaling pathways involved in the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix, and antioxidant capacity. Taken together, the ingestion of food-derived functional components could be an attractive strategy to prevent skin photoaging damage.
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29
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Gallo N, Natali ML, Sannino A, Salvatore L. An Overview of the Use of Equine Collagen as Emerging Material for Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11040079. [PMID: 33139660 PMCID: PMC7712325 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I collagen has always aroused great interest in the field of life-science and bioengineering, thanks to its favorable structural properties and bioactivity. For this reason, in the last five decades it has been widely studied and employed as biomaterial for the manufacture of implantable medical devices. Commonly used sources of collagen are represented by bovine and swine but their applications are limited because of the zoonosis transmission risks, the immune response and the religious constrains. Thus, type-I collagen isolated from horse tendon has recently gained increasing interest as an attractive alternative, so that, although bovine and porcine derived collagens still remain the most common ones, more and more companies started to bring to market a various range of equine collagen-based products. In this context, this work aims to overview the properties of equine collagen making it particularly appealing in medicine, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as its main biomedical applications and the currently approved equine collagen-based medical devices, focusing on experimental studies and clinical trials of the last 15 years. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on the use of equine collagen, as well as on equine collagen-based marketed products for healthcare.
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30
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Sharma A, Puri V, Kumar P, Singh I. Biopolymeric, Nanopatterned, Fibrous Carriers for Wound Healing Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4894-4908. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200701152217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Any sort of wound injury leads to skin integrity and further leads to wound formation.
Millions of deaths are reported every year, which contributes to an economical hamper world widely, this accounts
for 10% of death rate that insight into various diseases.
Current Methodology:
Rapid wound healing plays an important role in effective health care. Wound healing is a
multi-factorial physiological process, which helps in the growth of new tissue to render the body with the imperative
barrier from the external environment. The complexity of this phenomenon makes it prone to several abnormalities.
Wound healing, as a normal biological inherent process occurs in the body, which is reaped through four
highly defined programmed phases, such as hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling and these
phases occur in the proper progression. An overview, types, and classification of wounds along with the stages of
wound healing and various factors affecting wound healing have been discussed systematically. Various biopolymers
are reported for developing nanofibers and microfibers in wound healing, which can be used as a therapeutic
drug delivery for wound healing applications. Biopolymers are relevant for biomedical purposes owing to
biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non- toxicity. Biopolymers such as polysaccharides, proteins and various
gums are used for wound healing applications. Patents and future perspectives have been given in the concluding
part of the manuscript. Overall, applications of biopolymers in the development of fibers and their applications in
wound healing are gaining interest in researchers to develop modified biopolymers and tunable delivery systems
for effective management and care of different types of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Vivek Puri
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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31
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Ma J, Cai H, Long X, Cheng K, Xu X, Zhang D, Li J. Hyaluronic acid bioinspired polymers for the regulation of cell chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1011-1020. [PMID: 32531368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As the simplest glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid (HA) takes part in several important biological processes, such as regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. In this work, a series of HA-inspired polymers with different saccharide and carboxylate units (HA-analogue polymers) are synthesized by free radical polymerization, and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), Moreover, cell experiments demonstrate that HA-analogue polymers with a certain proportion of saccharide and carboxylate (PM1G1) units shows a positive effect on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Furthermore, HA-analogue polymers have prominent cartilage inductive capacity in chondrogenic induction medium (CIM) and brilliant bone inductive capacity in osteogenic induction medium (OIM) toward BMSCs. Therefore, it is confirmed that the HA-analogue polymers can effectively mimic the functions of HA and have broad potential application prospects in the biomedical and clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huijuan Cai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaoling Long
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinyuan Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dongyue Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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32
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Krishna KV, Benito A, Alkorta J, Gleyzes C, Dupin D, Loinaz I, Pandit A. Crossing the hurdles of translation—a robust methodology for synthesis, characterization and GMP production of cross‐linked high molecular weight hyaluronic acid particles (cHA). NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Vijaya Krishna
- CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - Ana Benito
- CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Pº Miramón Donostia‐San Sebastián 20014 Spain
| | - Janire Alkorta
- CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Pº Miramón Donostia‐San Sebastián 20014 Spain
| | | | - Damien Dupin
- CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Pº Miramón Donostia‐San Sebastián 20014 Spain
| | - Iraida Loinaz
- CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Pº Miramón Donostia‐San Sebastián 20014 Spain
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
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Lara-Rico R, Claudio-Rizo JA, Múzquiz-Ramos EM, Lopez-Badillo CM. Hidrogeles de colágeno acoplados con hidroxiapatita para aplicaciones en ingeniería tisular. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2020. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2020.0.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Los hidrogeles basados en colágeno son redes tridimensionales (3D) con la capacidad de absorber agua y una alta biocompatibilidad para utilizarlos en la reparación de tejidos dañados. Estos materiales presentan pobres propiedades mecánicas y velocidades de degradación rápidas, limitando su aplicación a estrategias de ingeniería tisular y biomedicina; por ésto, la incorporación de fases inorgánicas en la matriz 3D del colágeno como la hidroxiapatita ha contribuido en la mejora de sus propiedades, incrementado la eficiencia de los hidrogeles híbridos obtenidos. Este trabajo, presenta las contribuciones más relevantes relacionadas con los sistemas de hidrogeles basados en colágeno y partículas de hidroxiapatita dispersas dentro de la matriz colagénica, lo que evidencia que la combinación de los materiales no altera la biocompatibilidad y biodegradabilidad típicas del colágeno, permitiendo la adhesión, proliferación, crecimiento celular y control del metabolismo de las células implicadas en los procesos de una reparación ósea, presentando a los hidrogeles como una estrategia para su uso potencial en la ingeniería tisular.
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34
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Graça MFP, Miguel SP, Cabral CSD, Correia IJ. Hyaluronic acid-Based wound dressings: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116364. [PMID: 32507198 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is a major component of skin extracellular matrix (ECM) and it is involved in the inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration process. Due to the intrinsic properties of HA (such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilic character), it has been used to produce different wound dressings, namely sponges, films, hydrogels, and electrospun membranes. Herein, an overview of the different HA-based wound dressings that have been produced so far is provided as well as the future directions regarding the strategies aimed to improve the mechanical stability of HA-based wound dressings, along with the incorporation of biomolecules intended to ameliorate their biological performance during the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana F P Graça
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sónia P Miguel
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; CPIRN-IPG- Centro de Potencial e Inovação de Recursos Naturais- Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco de Sá Carneiro, 6300-559, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Cátia S D Cabral
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ilídio J Correia
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; CIEPQPF - Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal.
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35
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Abstract
Bacteria are prime cell factories that can efficiently convert carbon and nitrogen sources into a large diversity of intracellular and extracellular biopolymers, such as polysaccharides, polyamides, polyesters, polyphosphates, extracellular DNA and proteinaceous components. Bacterial polymers have important roles in pathogenicity, and their varied chemical and material properties make them suitable for medical and industrial applications. The same biopolymers when produced by pathogenic bacteria function as major virulence factors, whereas when they are produced by non-pathogenic bacteria, they become food ingredients or biomaterials. Interdisciplinary research has shed light on the molecular mechanisms of bacterial polymer synthesis, identified new targets for antibacterial drugs and informed synthetic biology approaches to design and manufacture innovative materials. This Review summarizes the role of bacterial polymers in pathogenesis, their synthesis and their material properties as well as approaches to design cell factories for production of tailor-made bio-based materials suitable for high-value applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fata Moradali
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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36
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Monaco G, El Haj AJ, Alini M, Stoddart MJ. Sodium Hyaluronate Supplemented Culture Media as a New hMSC Chondrogenic Differentiation Media-Model for in vitro/ex vivo Screening of Potential Cartilage Repair Therapies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:243. [PMID: 32296689 PMCID: PMC7136394 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical strategies to treat articular cartilage injury such as microfracture, expose human bone marrow stem cells (hMSCs) to synovial fluid and its components. High molecular weight hyaluronan (hMwt HA) is one of the most abundant bioactive macromolecules of healthy synovial fluid (hSF) and it plays an important role in the protection of opposing articular cartilage surfaces within the synovial joint. Although hMwt HA has been extensively used to attempt the engineering of the cartilage tissue, its effect as media supplement has not been established. Indeed, current media are often simple in their composition and doesn't recapitulate the rheological and biological features of hSF. In addition, critical in vivo molecules that can potentially change the chondrogenic behavior of hBMSCs to make the in vitro results more predictive of the real in vivo outcome, are lacking. In order to be one step closer to the in vivo physiology of hSF, a new culture media supplemented with physiological level of hMwt HA was developed and the effect of the hMwt HA on the chondrogenesis of hMSCs that would be present in a traumatic defect after marrow stimulation techniques, was investigated. hBMSC-seeded fibrin-polyurethane constructs were cultured in a serum free chondropermissive control medium (HA- TGFβ-). This medium was further supplemented with 10 ng/mL TGFβ1 (HA- TGFβ+) or 2 mg/ml hMwt HA 1.8 MDa (HA+ TGFβ-) or both (HA+ TGFβ+). Alternatively, 1 MDa HA was mixed with the fibrin at 0.2 mg/ml (HASc TGFβ+). The effect of hMwt HA on hMSC differentiation was investigated at the gene expression level by RT-qPCR and total DNA, sulfated glycosaminoglycans and Safranin O staining were evaluated. Addition of hMwt HA to the culture media, significantly increased the synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans, especially in the early days of chondrogenesis, and reduced the upregulation of the hypertrophic cartilage marker collagen X. hMwt HA added inside the fibrin gel(HASc TGF+) led to the best matrix deposition. hMwt HA can be one key medium component in a more reliable in vitro/ex vivo system to reduce in vitro artifacts, enable more accurate pre-screening of potential cartilage repair therapies and reduce the need for animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziana Monaco
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia Jennifer El Haj
- Healthcare Technology Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Martin James Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
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Vurat MT, Ergun C, Elçin AE, Elçin YM. 3D Bioprinting of Tissue Models with Customized Bioinks. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1249:67-84. [PMID: 32602091 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3258-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The ordered assembly of multicellular structures mimicking native tissues has lately come into prominence for various applications of biomedicine. In this respect, three-dimensional bioprinting (3DP) of cells and other biologics through additive manufacturing techniques has brought the possibility to develop functional in vitro tissue models and perhaps creating de novo transplantable tissues or organs in time. Bioinks, which can be defined as the printable analogues of the extracellular matrix, represent the foremost component of 3DP. In this chapter, we attempt to elaborate the major classes of bioinks which are prevalently being evaluated for the 3DP of a wide range of tissue models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Taner Vurat
- Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc., Ankara, Turkey
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Ergun
- Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc., Ankara, Turkey
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Eser Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc., Ankara, Turkey.
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey.
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Kim WK, Choi JH, Shin ME, Kim JW, Kim PY, Kim N, Song JE, Khang G. Evaluation of cartilage regeneration of chondrocyte encapsulated gellan gum-based hyaluronic acid blended hydrogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:51-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Del Bakhshayesh AR, Asadi N, Alihemmati A, Tayefi Nasrabadi H, Montaseri A, Davaran S, Saghati S, Akbarzadeh A, Abedelahi A. An overview of advanced biocompatible and biomimetic materials for creation of replacement structures in the musculoskeletal systems: focusing on cartilage tissue engineering. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:85. [PMID: 31754372 PMCID: PMC6854707 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering, as an interdisciplinary approach, is seeking to create tissues with optimal performance for clinical applications. Various factors, including cells, biomaterials, cell or tissue culture conditions and signaling molecules such as growth factors, play a vital role in the engineering of tissues. In vivo microenvironment of cells imposes complex and specific stimuli on the cells, and has a direct effect on cellular behavior, including proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly. Therefore, to create appropriate tissues, the conditions of the natural environment around the cells should be well imitated. Therefore, researchers are trying to develop biomimetic scaffolds that can produce appropriate cellular responses. To achieve this, we need to know enough about biomimetic materials. Scaffolds made of biomaterials in musculoskeletal tissue engineering should also be multifunctional in order to be able to function better in mechanical properties, cell signaling and cell adhesion. Multiple combinations of different biomaterials are used to improve above-mentioned properties of various biomaterials and to better imitate the natural features of musculoskeletal tissue in the culture medium. These improvements ultimately lead to the creation of replacement structures in the musculoskeletal system, which are closer to natural tissues in terms of appearance and function. The present review article is focused on biocompatible and biomimetic materials, which are used in musculoskeletal tissue engineering, in particular, cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nahideh Asadi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Alihemmati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Tayefi Nasrabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Montaseri
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Saghati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Abedelahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Liu Y, Hu H, Yang X, Lv J, Zhou L, Luo Z. Hydrophilic modification on polyvinyl alcohol membrane by hyaluronic acid. Biomed Mater 2019; 14:055009. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab3010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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