Visible light-induced photopolymerization of Deep Eutectic Monomers, based on methacrylic acid and tetrabutylammonium salts with different anion structures

Multifunctional Ionic Polymers from Deep Eutectic Monomers Based on Polyphenols

Herein we report a novel family of deep eutectic monomers and the corresponding polymers, made of (meth)acrylic ammonium salts and a series of biobased polyphenols bearing catechol or pyrogallol motifs. Phenolic chemistry allows modulating molecular interactions by tuning the ionic polymer properties from soft adhesive to tough materials. For instance, pyrogallol and hydrocaffeic acid-derived ionic polymers showed outstanding adhesiveness (>1 MPa), while tannic acid/gallic acid polymers with dense hydrogen bond distribution afforded ultratough elastomers (stretchability ≈1000% and strength ≈3 MPa). Additionally, phenolic polymeric deep eutectic solvents (polyDES) featured metal complexation ability, antibacterial properties, and fast processability by digital light 3D printing.

Review of quantitative and qualitative methods for monitoring photopolymerization reactions

Authomatic in-situ monitoring and characterization of photopolymerization.

Novel Formulations Containing Fluorescent Sensors to Improve the Resolution of 3D Prints

Three-dimensional printing in SLA (stereolithography) and DLP (digital light processing) technologies has recently been experiencing a period of extremely rapid development. This is due to the fact that researchers recognise the many advantages of 3D printing, such as the high resolution and speed of the modelling and printing processes. However, there is still a search for new resin formulations dedicated to specific 3D printers allowing for high-resolution prints. Therefore, in the following paper, the effects of dyes such as BODIPY, europium complex, and Coumarin 1 added to light-cured compositions polymerised according to the radical mechanism on the photopolymerisation process speed, polymerisation shrinkage, and the final properties of the printouts were investigated. The kinetics of the photopolymerisation of light-cured materials using real-time FT-IR methods, as well as printouts that tangibly demonstrate the potential application of 3D printing technology in Industry 4.0, were examined. These studies showed that the addition of dyes has an effect on obtaining fluorescent prints with good resolution.

Neoteric deep eutectic solvents: history, recent developments, and catalytic applications

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are modified versions of ionic liquids (ILs) and are formed by the fusion of polar components (liquids or solids) via hydrogen bonding interactions. DESs are prepared by the simple mixing of two or three cheap constituents (that are capable of self-association) with gentle heating, which leads to a drastic decrease in their melting points. The resultant clear homogeneous mixture consists of cations, anions, as well as neutral molecules; this will contribute both ionic and molecular solvent properties to the DESs. DESs have emerged as alternatives to conventional organic solvents and ILs, which meet different criteria such as availability, low cost, low toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability, ease of preparation method, tunable, and designer physiochemical properties. Many of them have attracted considerable attention and haave been applied in distinct fields of chemistry. To summarize the full-scale development of DESs, this review discusses the history, classifications, various methods of preparation, properties, and some major applications in catalysis in the last three years. This review is expected to be helpful for the further development of DESs based on a summary of the fundamental research in the field.