1
|
Pan N, Shi J, Du S, Qiu Z, Ran Q, Guo Y, Ma A, Zhang Q, Sang A, Yang X. Honokiol Attenuates Choroidal Neovascularization by Inhibiting the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-α/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Axis via Nuclear Transcription Factor-Kappa B Activation. Curr Eye Res 2024; 49:88-96. [PMID: 37707827 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2259634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Honokiol is a lignan isolated from Magnolia officinalis and exhibits anti-angiogenic properties. This study was conducted to investigate the role of honokiol in choroidal neovascularization. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were treated with honokiol at 10-20 mg/kg by daily intraperitoneal injection from day 1 to 6 after laser photocoagulation. ARPE-19 cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions with or without the presence of honokiol. After laser photocoagulation and honokiol treatment, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence and fundus fluorescein angiography were used to analyze the effect of honokiol on choroidal neovascularization formation. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, luciferase assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to explore the mechanism of honokiol in the pathological process of choroidal neovascularization. Finally, the role of honokiol on the human choroidal vascular endothelial cells was detected by using 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine assay, Transwell and Tube formation assays. RESULTS The results of hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescence suggested that honokiol reduced the thickness, length, and area of choroidal neovascularization lesions in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization mouse model. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed that choroidal neovascularization leakage was reduced in honokiol group and the concentration of 20 mg/kg showed better effects. Mechanism studies have shown that honokiol exerted inhibitory effects on choroidal neovascularization by inactivating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor axis through the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B signaling pathway. The same results were obtained in ARPE-19 cells under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, the conditional medium of retinal pigmented epithelial cells promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human choroidal vascular endothelial cells, while honokiol reversed these. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that honokiol attenuated choroidal neovascularization formation by inactivating the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor axis through nuclear transcription factor-kappa B signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shu Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxian Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiliang Ran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yangchen Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Anping Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Aimin Sang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nakai A, Lee D, Shoda C, Negishi K, Nakashizuka H, Yamagami S, Kurihara T. Modulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expressions by Superfood Camu-Camu ( Myrciaria dubia) Treatment in ARPE-19 and Fetal Human RPE Cells. J Ophthalmol 2023; 2023:6617981. [PMID: 38187496 PMCID: PMC10771337 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6617981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy via intravitreal injection is an effective treatment for patients with abnormal ocular neovascularization, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). However, prolonged and frequent anti-VEGF treatment is associated with a risk of local and systemic adverse events, including geographic atrophy, cerebrovascular disease, and death. Furthermore, some patients do not adequately respond to anti-VEGF therapy. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcription factor that controls the expression of hypoxia-responsive genes involved in angiogenesis, inflammation, and metabolism. The HIF/VEGF pathway plays an important role in neovascularization, and the inhibition of HIF activation could be an effective biomolecular target for neovascular diseases. The demand for disease prevention or treatment using functional foods such as superfoods has increased in recent years. Few reports to date have focused on the antineovascular effects of superfoods in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In light of the growing demand for functional foods, we aimed to find novel HIF inhibitors from superfoods worked in RPE cells, which could be an adjuvant for anti-VEGF therapy. Methods Seven superfoods were examined to identify novel HIF inhibitor candidates using luciferase assay screening. We used the human RPE cell line ARPE-19 and fetal human RPE (fhRPE) to investigate the biomolecular actions of novel HIF inhibitors using quantitative PCR and western blotting. Results Under CoCl2-induced pseudohypoxic condition and 1% oxygen hypoxic incubation, camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) showed HIF inhibitory effects determined by luciferase assays. Camu-camu downregulated HIF-1α and VEGFA mRNA expressions in a concentration-dependent manner. Camu-camu also inhibited HIF-1α protein expressions, and its inhibitory effect was greater than that of vitamin C, which is present at high levels in camu-camu. Conclusion The camu-camu extract suppressed the activation of HIF and VEGF in RPE cells. This could assist anti-VEGF therapy in patients with abnormal ocular neovascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Nakai
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Ophthalmology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Deokho Lee
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiho Shoda
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Ophthalmology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuno Negishi
- Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Yamagami
- Ophthalmology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kurihara
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marquina S, Ozgul M, Robertson-Brown K, Kenney MC. A review on PLGA particles as a sustained drug-delivery system and its effect on the retina. Exp Eye Res 2023; 235:109626. [PMID: 37652091 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the designs and recent developments of polymer-based drug delivery of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) will be discussed for the possible treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PLGA is a versatile co-polymer that consists of synthetic lactic acid and glycolic acid monomers that are constructed to produce nanoparticles, microparticles, and scaffolds for the intraocular delivery of various drugs. As an FDA-approved polymer, PLGA has historically been well-suited for systemic slow-sustained release therapies due to its performance in biodegradability and biocompatibility. This review will examine recent in vitro and in vivo studies that provide evidence for PLGA-based particles as a therapeutic drug carrier for the treatment of AMD. Anti-angiogenic and antiproliferative effects of small peptides, small molecules, RNA molecules, and proteins within PLGA particles are briefly discussed. AMD is a leading cause of central vision loss in people over 55 years and the number of those afflicted will rise as the aging population increases. AMD has two forms that are often sequential. Dry AMD and wet AMD account for 85-90% and 10-15% of cases, respectively. The distinct categories of PLGA-based drug delivery vehicles are important for dispensing novel small molecules, RNA molecules, peptides, and proteins as a long-term effective treatment of AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvana Marquina
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 843 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Mustafa Ozgul
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California Irvine, 843 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Kenneth Robertson-Brown
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 843 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - M Cristina Kenney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, 843 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Y, Zhao H, Shi X, Liu J, Lin JM, Ma Q, Jiang S, Pu W, Ma Y, Liu J, Wu W, Wang J, Liu Q. GRB2 serves as a viable target against skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis by regulating endothelial cell apoptosis. J Dermatol Sci 2023; 111:109-119. [PMID: 37661474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vascular and immune system dysfunction, along with tissue fibrosis. Our previous study found GRB2 was downregulated by salvianolic acid B, a small molecule drug that attenuated skin fibrosis of SSc. OBJECTIVES Here we aim to investigate the role of GRB2 in SSc. METHODS The microarray data of SSc skin biopsies in Caucasians were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression of GRB2 was further detected in Chinese SSc and healthy controls. Bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin fibrosis mice were used to explore how GRB2 downregulation affected fibrosis. The apoptosis of EA.hy926 endothelial cells was induced by H2O2 and apoptosis ratio was measured by flow cytometric. Transcriptome and phosphoproteomic analyses were performed to explore the regulated pathway. RESULTS The expression of GRB2 was significantly enhanced in SSc patient skin, 1.51-fold in Caucasians and 1.40-fold in Chinese. Double immunofluorescence staining showed the endothelial cells of SSc patient's skin highly expressed GRB2. The in vivo study revealed that GRB2 knockdown alleviated skin fibrosis and apoptosis of endothelial cells in BLM mouse skin. The in vitro study showed that GRB2 downregulation inhibited the apoptosis of EA.hy926 and protected them from H2O2-induced hyperpermeability. Moreover, transcriptome and phosphoproteomic analysis suggested the focal adhesion pathway was enriched in GRB2 siRNA transfected endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated GRB2 highly expressed in endothelial cells of SSc skin, and inhibiting GRB2 could effectively attenuate BLM-induced skin fibrosis and endothelial cell apoptosis. GRB2 is expected to be a new therapeutic target for SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Nanjing Intellectual Property Protection Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangguang Shi
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jui-Ming Lin
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute for Six-sector Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlan Liu
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China; Department of Dermatology, Jing' an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Division of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gu Y, Liu W, Liu G, Li X, Lu P. Assessing the protective effects of cryptotanshinone on CoCl 2‑induced hypoxia in RPE cells. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:739. [PMID: 34435647 PMCID: PMC8404095 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of several retinal diseases is closely related to hypoxia. As a component of the Traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, the effects of cryptotanshinone (CT) on retinal cells under hypoxic conditions are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to explore how CT exerted its protective effects on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells under hypoxic conditions induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2). The effects of CT were investigated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting in ARPE-19 cells. CT (10 and 20 µM) reduced the CoCl2-induced increase in vascular endothelial growth factor expression and hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α expression in ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, CT alleviated hypoxia-induced apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression. CT treatment also reduced the increase in the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α induced by CoCl2. In summary, CT may protect RPE cells against apoptosis and inflammation in CoCl2-induced hypoxia, and these results warrant further in vivo study into its value as a drug for treating hypoxic eye diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Weiming Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Gaoqin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Neurofibromin Deficiency and Extracellular Matrix Cooperate to Increase Transforming Potential through FAK-Dependent Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102329. [PMID: 34066061 PMCID: PMC8150846 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a genetic disease that predisposes to tumors of the nervous system, primarily the neurofibroma. Plexiform neurofibromas (Pnfs) are of the greatest concern because of location, size, and frequent progression to malignancy. Although research is making great progress, the lack of in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving neoplastic progression results in the absence of prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets. We document that cell–cell cooperativity and the dynamics of the extracellular matrix play important roles in the growth and transformation of Pnf cells, directly through the cooperation of RAS and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. In turn, we found that treatment of Pnf cells with both MEK and FAK inhibitors is effective in abolishing the transforming ability of these cells. Abstract Plexiform neurofibromas (Pnfs) are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors that are major features of the human genetic syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Pnfs are derived from Schwann cells (SCs) undergoing loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the NF1 locus in an NF1+/− milieu and thus are variably lacking in the key Ras-controlling protein, neurofibromin (Nfn). As these SCs are embedded in a dense desmoplastic milieu of stromal cells and abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM), cell–cell cooperativity (CCC) and the molecular microenvironment play essential roles in Pnf progression towards a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). The complexity of Pnf biology makes treatment challenging. The only approved drug, the MEK inhibitor Selumetinib, displays a variable and partial therapeutic response. Here, we explored ECM contributions to the growth of cells lacking Nfn. In a 3D in vitro culture, NF1 loss sensitizes cells to signals from a Pnf-mimicking ECM through focal adhesion kinase (FAK) hyperactivation. This hyperactivation correlated with phosphorylation of the downstream effectors, Src, ERK, and AKT, and with colony formation. Expression of the GAP-related domain of Nfn only partially decreased activation of this signaling pathway and only slowed down 3D colony growth of cells lacking Nfn. However, combinatorial treatment with both the FAK inhibitor Defactinib (VS-6063) and Selumetinib (AZD6244) fully suppressed colony growth. These observations pave the way for a new combined therapeutic strategy simultaneously interfering with both intracellular signals and the interplay between the various tumor cells and the ECM.
Collapse
|
7
|
Regulation of endothelial functionality through direct and immunomodulatory effects by Ni-Ti-O nanospindles on NiTi alloy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:112007. [PMID: 33812627 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Stent implantation has become one of the most widely used methods for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, endothelial dysfunction and abnormal inflammatory response following implantation may lead to delayed re-endothelialization, resulting in vascular restenosis and stent thrombus. To address the concerns, we constructed nanospindles composed of TiO2 and Ti4Ni2O through hydrothermal treatment of amorphous Ni-Ti-O nanopores anodically grown on NiTi alloy. The results show the treatment can significantly improve hydrophilicity and reduce Ni ion release, essentially independent of hydrothermal duration. The nanospindle surfaces not only promote the expression of endothelial functionality but also activate macrophages to induce a favorable immune response, downregulate pro-inflammatory M1 markers and upregulate pro-healing M2 markers. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, VEGF secretion, and migration of endothelial cells are enhanced after cultured in macrophage conditioned medium. The nanospindles thus are promising as vascular stent coatings to promote re-endothelization.
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong W, Yang J, Zhang Y, Liu S, Ning C, Ding X, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Jiang L. Integrative analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression profiles reveals important epigenetic genes related to milk production traits in dairy cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2021; 138:562-573. [PMID: 33620112 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modification plays a critical role in establishing and maintaining cell differentiation, embryo development, tumorigenesis and many complex diseases. However, little is known about the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms for milk production in dairy cattle. Here, we conducted an epigenome-wide study, together with gene expression profiles to identify important epigenetic candidate genes related to the milk production traits in dairy cattle. Whole-genome bisulphite sequencing and RNA sequencing were employed to detect differentially methylated genes (DMG) and differentially expressed genes (DEG) in blood samples in dry period and lactation period between two groups of cows with extremely high and low milk production performance. A total of 10,877 and 6,617 differentially methylated regions were identified between the two groups in the two periods, which corresponded to 3,601 and 2,802 DMGs, respectively. Furthermore, 156 DEGs overlap with DMGs in comparison of the two groups, and 131 DEGs overlap with DMGs in comparison of the two periods. By integrating methylome, transcriptome and GWAS data, some potential candidate genes for milk production traits in dairy cattle were suggested, such as DOCK1, PTK2 and PIK3R1. Our studies may contribute to a better understanding of epigenetic modification on milk production traits of dairy cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ning
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiangdong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang P, Lu B, Xu F, Wang C, Zhang R, Liu Y, Wei C, Mei L. Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs in Choroid Neovascularization. Curr Eye Res 2020; 45:1403-1414. [PMID: 32316788 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1748659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major pathological features of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Long noncoding RNAs play great roles in numerous biological processes. The purpose of the study was to investigate the expression profile and possible functions of the lncRNAs in CNV. Methods: In this study, the mice CNV model were conducted by laser photocoagulation. The expression profiles of lncRNAs were accessed by microarray analysis. Selected altered lncRNAs of mice CNV and wet AMD patients were validated by RT-PCR. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and lncRNA-mRNA coexpression network were conducted to reveal the biological functions. Results: The results revealed that 128 lncRNAs were significantly altered in RPE-choroid-sclera complexes of CNV mice (P < .05, fold change > 2.0). GO analysis revealed that the altered target genes of the selected lncRNAs most enriched in angiogenesis. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that altered target genes of lncRNAs most enriched in focal adhesion signaling pathway. H19 was significantly increased in the aqueous humor of wet AMD patients. Moreover, Inhibition of lncRNA H19 could suppresses M2 macrophage gene expression of laser-induced CNV mice. Conclusions: Our study identified differential expressions of lncRNAs in CNV, and lncRNA H19 might be novel potential target for the prevention and treatment of CNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Fengyuan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China
| | - Yinping Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China
| | - Chenghua Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China
| | - Lixin Mei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College) , Wuhu, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College , Wuhu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Inhibitory effect of nintedanib on VEGF secretion in retinal pigment epithelial cells induced by exposure to a necrotic cell lysate. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218632. [PMID: 31386668 PMCID: PMC6684070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrosis is a form of cell death that results in rupture of the plasma membrane and the release of cellular contents, and it can give rise to sterile inflammation in the retina and other tissues. The secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contributes to retinal homeostasis as well as to pathological angiogenesis. We have now examined the effect of a necrotic cell lysate prepared from human RPE cells (NLR) on the release of VEGF by healthy RPE cells. We found that NLR markedly increased the release of VEGF from RPE cells and that this effect was attenuated by nintedanib, a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, whereas it was unaffected by inhibitors of NF-κB signaling or of caspase-1. NLR also induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in a manner sensitive to inhibition by nintedanib, although inhibitors of Erk and Stat3 signaling pathways did not affect NLR-induced VEGF secretion. In addition, nintedanib attenuated the development of choroidal neovascularization in mice. Our results have thus shown that a necrotic lysate of RPE cells induced VEGF secretion from healthy RPE cells and that this effect was mediated by receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. They therefore suggest that VEGF secretion by healthy RPE cells is a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases associated with sterile inflammation and pathological angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Park SM, Lee KP, Huh MI, Eom S, Park BU, Kim KH, Park DH, Kim DS, Kim HK. Development of an in vitro 3D choroidal neovascularization model using chemically induced hypoxia through an ultra-thin, free-standing nanofiber membrane. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109964. [PMID: 31499990 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the pathological growth of new blood vessels in the sub-retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) space from the choroid through a break in the Bruch's membrane (BM). Despite its importance in studying biological processes and drug discovery, the development of an in vitro CNV model that achieves the physiological structures of native RPE-BM-choroidal capillaries (CC) is still challenging. Here, we develop a novel 3D RPE-BM-CC complex biomimetic system on an ultra-thin, free-standing nanofiber membrane. The thickness of the pristine nanofiber membrane is 2.17 ± 0.81 μm, and the Matrigel-coated nanofiber membrane attains a permeability coefficient of 2.95 ± 0.25 × 10-6 cm/s by 40 kDa FITC-dextran, which is similar to the physiological value of the native BM. On the in vitro 3D RPE-BM-CC complex system, we demonstrate endothelial cell invasion across the 3D RPE-BM-CC complex and the mechanism of the invasion by imposing a hypoxic condition, which is thought to be the major pathological cause of CNV. Furthermore, alleviation of the invasion is achieved by treating with chrysin and anti-VEGF antibody. Thus, the in vitro 3D RPE-BM-CC complex biomimetic system can recapitulate essential features of the pathophysiological environment and be employed for the screening of drug candidates to reduce the number of costly and time-consuming in vivo tests or clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Min Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Pil Lee
- Bio-Medical Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Man-Il Huh
- Bio-Medical Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Seongsu Eom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Ung Park
- Bio-Medical Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Ki Hean Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Dong Sung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea.
| | - Hong Kyun Kim
- Bio-Medical Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hidaka K, Mikuni-Takagaki Y, Wada-Takahashi S, Saita M, Kawamata R, Sato T, Kawata A, Miyamoto C, Maehata Y, Watabe H, Tani-Ishii N, Hamada N, Takahashi SS, Deguchi S, Takeuchi R. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Prevents Development of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-Like Pathophysiology in a Rat Model. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:1721-1732. [PMID: 31006496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We developed a rat model of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) by removing a maxillary molar tooth (M1) from ovariectomized rats after treatment with alendronate. To mimic periodontitis, some of the rats were administered Porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) at the M1 site every 2 to 3 d for 2 wk. Rats pretreated with alendronate plus p. gingivalis showed delayed healing of socket epithelia, periosteal reaction of alveolar bone formation and lower bone mineral density in the alveolus above adjacent M2 teeth. These abnormalities were prevented by tooth socket exposure to 20 min/d low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), which restored diminished expression of RANKL, Bcl-2, IL-6, Hsp70, NF-κB and TNF-α messenger ribonucleic acids in remote bone marrow, suggesting LIPUS prevented development of BRONJ-like pathophysiology in rat by inducing systemic responses for regeneration, in addition to accelerating local healing. Non-invasive treatment by LIPUS, as well as low-level laser therapy, may be useful for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hidaka
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan; Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yuko Mikuni-Takagaki
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan.
| | - Satoko Wada-Takahashi
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Makiko Saita
- Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Ryota Kawamata
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Diagnosis and Treatment, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Takenori Sato
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Akira Kawata
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yojiro Maehata
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watabe
- Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tani-Ishii
- Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Shun-Suke Takahashi
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Shinji Deguchi
- Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takeuchi
- Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yokosuka, Japan; Joint Surgery Center, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo J, Luo X, Liang J, Xiao M, Sun X. Antiangiogenic Effects of Doxazosin on Experimental Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2017; 33:50-56. [PMID: 27992238 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2016.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxian Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueting Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Meichun Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang YC, Chang YS, Hsieh MC, Wu HJ, Wu MH, Lin CW, Wu WC, Kao YH. All-trans retinoic acid suppresses the adhering ability of ARPE-19 cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase and focal adhesion kinase. J Pharmacol Sci 2016; 132:262-270. [PMID: 27919568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the signaling mechanism underlying the anti-adhesive effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells. Adhesion kinetics with or without ATRA treatment were profiled by adhesion assay. Surface coating with type IV collagen, fibronectin, laminin, but not type I collagen, significantly enhanced adhesion and spreading of ARPE-19 cells, while ATRA at subtoxic doses (ranging from 10-7 to 10-6 M) profoundly suppressed the extracellular matrix-enhanced adhesion ability. Cell attachment on FN activated PI3K/Akt and MAPK cascades, whereas ATRA pretreatment blunted the early phosphorylation of Akt and MAPK signaling mediators including p38 MAPK, JNK1/2, and ERK1/2. Mechanistically, signaling blockade with selective kinase inhibitors demonstrated that all MAPK pathways were involved in the anti-adhesive effect of ATRA, whereas the PI3K inhibitor treatment significantly potentiated the ATRA-suppressed RPE cell adhesion. Moreover, ATRA treatment did not affect intracellular F-actin distribution, but remarkably reduced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and its nuclear localization during ARPE-19 cell attachment. In conclusion, ATRA suppresses the adhering ability of ARPE-19 cells at least in part through MAPK and FAK pathways. Signaling blockade with PI3K inhibitor could be regarded as an alternative modality for treating proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Chen Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shin Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jiun Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsien Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lai YH, Hu DN, Rosen R, Sassoon J, Chuang LY, Wu KY, Wu WC. Hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor secretion by retinal pigment epithelial cells is inhibited by melatonin via decreased accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factors-1α protein. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016; 45:182-191. [PMID: 27409056 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is the most important stimulus leading to up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the retina via elevation of hypoxia-inducible factors-1α (HIF-1α) protein. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of melatonin on the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α in the cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under normoxia and hypoxia. METHOD An in vitro RPE cell hypoxia model was established by placing cells under 1% oxygen pressure or by adding cobalt chloride (CoCl2 ) to the culture medium. RPE cells and conditioned media were collected from cultures treated with and without melatonin under normoxia and hypoxia. The protein and RNA levels of VEGF and HIF-1α were measured by ELISA kits and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULT Hypoxia induced a significant increase of expression and secretion of VEGF and accumulation of HIF-1α protein in RPE cells (P < 0.05). Melatonin at 10-5 to 10-8 M significantly inhibited hypoxia-induced expression, the secretion of VEGF and the accumulation of HIF-1α protein (P < 0.05), but not affected expression of VEGF and HIF-1α under normoxia (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that melatonin may have potential value in the prevention and treatment of various retinal diseases associated with increase of VEGF, vascular leakage and angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hung Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Ning Hu
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Rosen
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jodi Sassoon
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lea-Yea Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kwou-Yeung Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang WQ, Wang FH, Qin WX, Liu HY, Lu B, Chung C, Zhu J, Gu Q, Shi W, Wen C, Wu F, Zhang K, Sun XD. Joint Antiangiogenic Effect of ATN-161 and Anti-VEGF Antibody in a Rat Model of Early Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2881-90. [PMID: 27089240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness among elderly Americans and is characterized by abnormal vessel growth, termed choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Integrin α5β1 is a transmembrane receptor that binds matrix macromolecules and proteinases to stimulate angiogenesis. We recently demonstrated that integrin α5β1 plays a critical role in the development of choroidal neovascularization. In this study, we determined the role and underlying mechanisms of integrin α5β1 in angiogenesis in human choroidal endothelial cells and evaluated the antiangiogenic effects of delivering a combination therapy of ATN-161, an integrin α5β1 inhibitor, and an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody to rats with laser-induced CNV. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signaling protein that stimulates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis through a pathway that is distinct from the integrin α5β1 signaling pathway. Our results indicate that fibronectin binds to integrin α5β1 and synergizes VEGF-induced angiogenesis via two independent signaling pathways, FN/integrin α5β1/FAK/ERK1/2 and FN/integrin α5β1/FAK/AKT. Integrin α5 knockdown by shRNA inhibits endothelial cell migration, tube formation, and proliferation, while ATN-161 only partially decreases integrin α5 function. Treatment with ATN-161 combined with anti-VEGF antibody showed joint effects in attenuating angiogenesis. In summary, our results provide the first evidence for the mechanisms by which integrin α5β1 is involved in ocular pathological neovascularization in vivo, suggesting that dual inhibition of integrin α5β1 and VEGF may be a promising novel therapeutic strategy for CNV in wet AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qiu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai, 20080, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai, 20080, China
| | - Wen-Xin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hai-Yun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai, 20080, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai, 20080, China
| | - Christopher Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Qing Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease and Eye Research Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai 200080, China
| | - William Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Cindy Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Frances Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute of Engineering in Medicine and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Sichuan 610041, China.,Veterans Administration Healthcare System , San Diego, California 92161, United States
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai, 20080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease and Eye Research Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai 200080, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Morphologic changes in the retina after selective retina therapy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016; 254:1099-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-016-3331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
18
|
Wigg JP, Zhang H, Yang D. A Quantitative and Standardized Method for the Evaluation of Choroidal Neovascularization Using MICRON III Fluorescein Angiograms in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128418. [PMID: 26024231 PMCID: PMC4449229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In-vivo imaging of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) has been increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in the investigation of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in both clinical and basic research applications. Arguably the most widely utilised model replicating AMD is laser generated CNV by rupture of Bruch’s membrane in rodents. Heretofore CNV evaluation via in-vivo imaging techniques has been hamstrung by a lack of appropriate rodent fundus camera and a non-standardised analysis method. The aim of this study was to establish a simple, quantifiable method of fluorescein fundus angiogram (FFA) image analysis for CNV lesions. Methods Laser was applied to 32 Brown Norway Rats; FFA images were taken using a rodent specific fundus camera (Micron III, Phoenix Laboratories) over 3 weeks and compared to conventional ex-vivo CNV assessment. FFA images acquired with fluorescein administered by intraperitoneal injection and intravenous injection were compared and shown to greatly influence lesion properties. Utilising commonly used software packages, FFA images were assessed for CNV and chorioretinal burns lesion area by manually outlining the maximum border of each lesion and normalising against the optic nerve head. Net fluorescence above background and derived value of area corrected lesion intensity were calculated. Results CNV lesions of rats treated with anti-VEGF antibody were significantly smaller in normalised lesion area (p<0.001) and fluorescent intensity (p<0.001) than the PBS treated control two weeks post laser. The calculated area corrected lesion intensity was significantly smaller (p<0.001) in anti-VEGF treated animals at 2 and 3 weeks post laser. The results obtained using FFA correlated with, and were confirmed by conventional lesion area measurements from isolectin stained choroidal flatmounts, where lesions of anti-VEGF treated rats were significantly smaller at 2 weeks (p = 0.049) and 3 weeks (p<0.001) post laser. Conclusion The presented method of in-vivo FFA quantification of CNV, including acquisition variable corrections, using the Micron III system and common use software establishes a reliable method for detecting and quantifying CNV enabling longitudinal studies and represents an important alternative to conventional CNV quantification methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Wigg
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hong Zhang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Eye Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Dong Yang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Emerging roles of focal adhesion kinase in cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:690690. [PMID: 25918719 PMCID: PMC4396139 DOI: 10.1155/2015/690690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that enables activation by growth factor receptors or integrins in various types of human cancers. The kinase-dependent and kinase-independent scaffolding functions of FAK modulate the authentic signaling and fundamental functions not only in cancer cells but also in tumor microenvironment to facilitate cancer progression and metastasis. The overexpression and activation of FAK are usually investigated in primary or metastatic cancers and correlated with the poor clinical outcome, highlighting FAK as a potential prognostic marker and anticancer target. Small molecule inhibitors targeting FAK kinase activity or FAK-scaffolding functions impair cancer development in preclinical or clinical trials. In this review, we give an overview for FAK signaling in cancer cells as well as tumor microenvironment that provides new strategies for the invention of cancer development and malignancy.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zeaxanthin inhibits hypoxia-induced VEGF secretion by RPE cells through decreased protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factors-1α. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:687386. [PMID: 25688362 PMCID: PMC4320873 DOI: 10.1155/2015/687386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is the most important stimulus leading to upregulation of VEGF in the retina and this is caused by accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factors-1α (HIF-1α) protein. The effects of zeaxanthin, a natural phytochemical, on the VEGF and HIF-1α expression in the primary culture of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were studied. An in vitro RPE cell hypoxia model was established by placing cells under 1% oxygen pressure or by adding cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to the culture medium. RPE cells and conditioned media were collected from cultures treated with and without zeaxanthin under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. VEGF and HIF-1α protein and RNA levels were measured by ELISA kits and RT-PCR, respectively. Hypoxia caused a significant increase of VEGF expression and accumulation of HIF-1α in RPE cells. Zeaxanthin at 50-150 μM significantly inhibited the expression of VEGF and accumulation of HIF-1α protein caused by hypoxia but did not affect expression of VEGF and HIF-1α under normoxic conditions. This is the first report on the effect of zeaxanthin on VEGF and HIF-1α levels in cultured RPE cells and suggests that zeaxanthin may have potential value in the prevention and treatment of various retinal diseases associated with vascular leakage and neovascularization.
Collapse
|
21
|
Cai W, Li Y, Yi Q, Xie F, Du B, Feng L, Qiu L. Total saponins from Albizia julibrissin inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:3405-13. [PMID: 25607254 PMCID: PMC4368075 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried stem bark from Albizia julibrissin (AJ) is a highly valued Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has been shown to suppress tumor growth and angiogenesis. Total saponins from AJ (TSAJ) are one of the most bioactive components of AJ extract. The present study evaluated the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of TSAJ in vitro and in vivo. The anti-angiogenic activity of TSAJ was investigated by measuring the effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation, migration and tube formation of Ea.hy926 endothelial cells in vitro. The expression levels of proteins associated with VEGF-induced angiogenesis were determined by western blotting. Furthermore, in vivo Matrigel™ plug and H22 hepatoma tumor models were used to verify the anti-angiogenic effects of TSAJ. The present study demonstrated that TSAJ significantly inhibited VEGF-mediated endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of Ea.hy926 cells in vitro. The anti-angiogenic effects of TSAJ were modulated by suppression of phosphorylated-(p-) focal adhesion kinase, p-Akt, and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the VEGF/VEGF receptor 2 (R2) signaling pathway. Furthermore, oral administration of TSAJ significantly inhibited tumor growth and tumor-induced angiogenesis, as well as the formation of functional vessels, in the Matrigel™ plug model. These results suggest that TSAJ may be a potential anti-angiogenic agent that targets the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway, and inhibits tumor-induced angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cai
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Yi
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Fengshan Xie
- Laboratory of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Bin Du
- Laboratory of Tumor Pharmacology, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Lei Feng
- Laboratory of Tumor Pharmacology, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Liying Qiu
- Laboratory of Tumor Pharmacology, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu NN, Sun YZ, Zhao N, Chen L. Rofecoxib inhibits retinal neovascularization via down regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2015; 43:458-65. [PMID: 25472856 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-ning Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Yi-zhou Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Qin Y, Mohandessi S, Gordon L, Wadehra M. Regulation of FAK Activity by Tetraspan Proteins: Potential Clinical Implications in Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog 2015; 20:391-405. [PMID: 27279237 PMCID: PMC5390008 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.v20.i5-6.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates multiple cell signaling pathways in both physiological and pathological conditions. Overexpression and activation of FAK is associated with many advanced stage cancers through promoting cancer cell tumorigenicity and progression as well as by regulating the tumor microenvironment. FAK has multiple binding partners through which FAK exerts its functions including RhoGEF, Src family, talin, cortactin, and paxilin. Over the last few years, it has been proposed that a novel group of four transmembrane proteins can interact with FAK and regulate its activity. These include select tetraspanins such as CD151 and CD9 as well as the GAS3 family members epithelial membrane protein-2 (EMP2) and peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP22). In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the interaction between FAK and tetraspan proteins in physiological and pathological conditions, with an emphasis on the potential of tetraspan family members as therapeutic targets in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shabnam Mohandessi
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lynn Gordon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Madhuri Wadehra
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Center to Eliminate Cancer Health Disparities, Charles Drew University, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim D, Li R, Dudek SM, Frase AT, Pendergrass SA, Ritchie MD. Knowledge-driven genomic interactions: an application in ovarian cancer. BioData Min 2014; 7:20. [PMID: 25214892 PMCID: PMC4161273 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0381-7-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective cancer clinical outcome prediction for understanding of the mechanism of various types of cancer has been pursued using molecular-based data such as gene expression profiles, an approach that has promise for providing better diagnostics and supporting further therapies. However, clinical outcome prediction based on gene expression profiles varies between independent data sets. Further, single-gene expression outcome prediction is limited for cancer evaluation since genes do not act in isolation, but rather interact with other genes in complex signaling or regulatory networks. In addition, since pathways are more likely to co-operate together, it would be desirable to incorporate expert knowledge to combine pathways in a useful and informative manner. Methods Thus, we propose a novel approach for identifying knowledge-driven genomic interactions and applying it to discover models associated with cancer clinical phenotypes using grammatical evolution neural networks (GENN). In order to demonstrate the utility of the proposed approach, an ovarian cancer data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used for predicting clinical stage as a pilot project. Results We identified knowledge-driven genomic interactions associated with cancer stage from single knowledge bases such as sources of pathway-pathway interaction, but also knowledge-driven genomic interactions across different sets of knowledge bases such as pathway-protein family interactions by integrating different types of information. Notably, an integration model from different sources of biological knowledge achieved 78.82% balanced accuracy and outperformed the top models with gene expression or single knowledge-based data types alone. Furthermore, the results from the models are more interpretable because they are framed in the context of specific biological pathways or other expert knowledge. Conclusions The success of the pilot study we have presented herein will allow us to pursue further identification of models predictive of clinical cancer survival and recurrence. Understanding the underlying tumorigenesis and progression in ovarian cancer through the global view of interactions within/between different biological knowledge sources has the potential for providing more effective screening strategies and therapeutic targets for many types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ruowang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott M Dudek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alex T Frase
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hyperglycemia promotes vasculogenesis in choroidal neovascularization in diabetic mice by stimulating VEGF and SDF-1 expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2014; 123:87-96. [PMID: 24780853 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of hyperglycemia on the severity of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in diabetic mice, especially the involvement of bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) and underlying molecular mechanisms. The mice were randomly divided into control group, diabetes group and diabetes treated with insulin group, which were laser treated to induce CNV. The CNV severity was evaluated by fundus fluorescein angiography, HE staining and choroidal flatmount. The BMCs recruitment and differentiation in CNV were examined in GFP chimeric mice by choroidal flatmount and immunofluorescence. The bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) recruitment and migration were tested in vivo and in vitro. VEGF and SDF-1 production in vivo and in vitro were tested by realtime PCR and ELISA. The CNV severity and expression of VEGF and SDF-1 were enhanced in DM mice compared with control mice and that insulin treatment decreased CNV severity in DM mice. The DM mice demonstrated more BMCs and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) recruited and incorporated into CNV, increased ratio of BMCs expressing endothelial cell marker or macrophage marker, and up-regulated expression of VEGF and SDF-1 in CNV. Human BMSCs migration and expression of VEGF and SDF-1 in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells increased when cultured under high glucose. This study suggested that hyperglycemia enhanced the expression of VEGF and SDF-1 in RPE cells, and promoted recruitment and incorporation of BMCs and affected differentiation of BMCs in CNV, which led to more severe CNV in diabetic mice.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zieseniss A. Hypoxia and the modulation of the actin cytoskeleton - emerging interrelations. HYPOXIA 2014; 2:11-21. [PMID: 27774463 PMCID: PMC5045051 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s53575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in understanding the influence of hypoxia on cell function has revealed new information about the interrelationship between the actin cytoskeleton and hypoxia; nevertheless, details remain cloudy. The dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton during hypoxia is complex, varies in different cells and tissues, and also depends on the mode of hypoxia. Several molecular players and pathways are emerging that contribute to the modulation of the actin cytoskeleton and that affect the large repertoire of actin-binding proteins in hypoxia. This review describes and discusses the accumulated knowledge about actin cytoskeleton dynamics in hypoxia, placing special emphasis on the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases (Rho GTPases). Given that RhoA, Rac and Cdc42 are very well characterized, the review is focused on these family members of Rho GTPases. Notably, in several cell types and tissues, hypoxia, presumably via Rho GTPase signaling, induces actin rearrangement and actin stress fiber assembly, which is a prevalent modulation of the actin cytoskeleton in hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Zieseniss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Du S, Wang S, Wu Q, Hu J, Li T. Decorin inhibits angiogenic potential of choroid-retinal endothelial cells by downregulating hypoxia-induced Met, Rac1, HIF-1α and VEGF expression in cocultured retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2013; 116:151-60. [PMID: 24016866 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is one of the most common causes of severe vision loss. Decorin, a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been recently shown to play an important regulatory role in angiogenic response. This study aims to investigate whether the overexpression of decorin in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under hypoxia alters the in vitro angiogenic ability of cocultured choroid-retinal endothelial cells and to explore the possible mechanisms involved. Human RPE cells (ARPE-19) were subjected to hypoxia with or without decorin pretreatment, and RNA interference technique was used to knock down the Met gene in ARPE-19 cells. Cell viability was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Expression of Met, Rac1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) was evaluated by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR. We then constructed a recombinant lentiviral vector carrying the decorin gene to transduce ARPE-19 cells. The overexpression of decorin in transduced RPE cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blot. The transduced RPE cells were then cocultured with rhesus macaque choroid-retinal endothelial cells (RF/6A) in a transwell coculture system to observe the effects of decorin overexpression in ARPE-19 cells on the proliferation, migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells. In response to hypoxia, the VEGF concentrations in the culture supernatants increased greatly at 24 and 48 h, and this effect was inhibited significantly and nearly equally in the presence of 50-200 nM decorin. Decorin pretreatment before hypoxia exposure effectively reduced the hypoxia-induced expression of Met, Rac1, HIF-1α and VEGF in ARPE-19 cells. Transfection of small interfering RNA against Met to ARPE-19 cells also resulted in significant downregulation of Rac1, HIF-1α and VEGF under hypoxia, and this effect was similar to that noted with decorin pretreatment alone or with their combination. Results from the coculture system showed that the overexpression of decorin in ARPE-19 cells significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells. These results indicate that Met pathway activation plays an important role in the upregulation of VEGF in RPE cells under hypoxia. Decorin may interfere with angiogenesis by downregulating hypoxia-induced Met, Rac1, HIF-1α and VEGF expression in RPE cells, which suggests a potential strategy for the inhibition of CNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han HY, Zhang JP, Ji SQ, Liang QM, Kang HC, Tang RH, Zhu SQ, Xue Z. αν and β1 Integrins mediate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neurons via the FAK signaling pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64839. [PMID: 23755149 PMCID: PMC3670848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
αν and β1 integrins mediate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in primary hippocampal neurons. We treated hippocampal neurons with 2.5 µg/mL 17E6 and 5 µg/mL ab58524, which are specific αν and β1 integrin antagonists, respectively, for 42 h prior to 10 µM Aβ treatment. Next, we employed small interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a downstream target gene of integrins. The siRNAs were designed with a target sequence, an MOI of 10 and the addition of 5 µg/mL polybrene. Under these conditions, the neurons were transfected and the apoptosis of different cell types was detected. Moreover, we used real-time PCR and Western blotting analyses to detect the expression of FAK and ρFAK genes in different cell types and investigated the underlying mechanism and signal pathway by which αν and β1 integrins mediate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neurons. An MTT assay showed that both 17E6 and ab58524 significantly increased cell viability compared with the Aβ-treated neurons (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). However, this protective effect was markedly attenuated after transfection with silencing FAK (siFAK). Moreover, TUNEL immunostaining and flow cytometry indicated that both 17E6 and ab58524 significantly protected hippocampal neurons against apoptosis induced by Aβ (P<0.05) compared with the Aβ-treated cells. However, this protective effect was reversed with siFAK treatment. Both the gene and protein expression of FAK increased after Aβ treatment. Interestingly, as the gene and protein levels of FAK decreased, the ρFAK protein expression markedly increased. Furthermore, both the gene and protein expression of FAK and ρFAK were significantly diminished. Thus, we concluded that both αν and β1 integrins interfered with Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in hippocampal neurons and that this mechanism partially contributes to the activation of the Integrin-FAK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Han
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jin-Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shan Dong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Su-Qiong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qi-Ming Liang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui-Cong Kang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Rong-Hua Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sui-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu T, Hui L, Wang YS, Guo JQ, Li R, Su JB, Chen JK, Xin XM, Li WH. In-vivo investigation of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in rat using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012; 251:1293-301. [PMID: 23114625 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-012-2185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the in-vivo formation process of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in rat using high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and compared the results to histological methods. METHODS Brown Norway rats (n = 60, 6-8 weeks of age) received 532-nm diode laser photocoagulation. SD-OCT and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed in vivo 2, 5, 7, 14, and 21 days post-laser application. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry for CD31, phosphorylated vascular endothelial factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2) were conducted at each time point to observe the CNV in vitro. Choroidal flatmount preparations were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS SD-OCT monitored the longitudinal morphological changes of laser-induced CNV. CNV reached its maximal size on day 7, and began a gradual reduction on day 14. FA revealed similar dynamic changes in leakage. CNV thickness, as assessed by SD-OCT, was consistent with H&E-stained sections at each time point. CLSM and SEM revealed the details of the fibrovascular membrane. CD31 and pVEGFR2 expression supported the results of SD-OCT and histology. CONCLUSIONS SD-OCT was a convenient and reliable tool for the imaging of the CNV formation process and quantification of the lesion size in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li X, Cai Y, Wang YS, Shi YY, Hou W, Xu CS, Wang HY, Ye Z, Yao LB, Zhang J. Hyperglycaemia exacerbates choroidal neovascularisation in mice via the oxidative stress-induced activation of STAT3 signalling in RPE cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47600. [PMID: 23094067 PMCID: PMC3477109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) that occurs as a result of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes severe vision loss among elderly patients. The relationship between diabetes and CNV remains controversial. However, oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of both AMD and diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the influence of diabetes on experimentally induced CNV and on the underlying molecular mechanisms of CNV. CNV was induced via photocoagulation in the ocular fundi of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The effect of diabetes on the severity of CNV was measured. An immunofluorescence technique was used to determine the levels of oxidative DNA damage by anti-8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) antibody, the protein expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in mice with CNV. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells that had been cultured under high glucose was quantitated using the 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method. p-STAT3 expression was examined using Western blot analysis. RT-PCR and ELISA processes were used to detect VEGF expression. Hyperglycaemia exacerbated the development of CNV in mice. Oxidative stress levels and the expression of p-STAT3 and VEGF were highly elevated both in mice and in cultured RPE cells. Treatment with the antioxidant compound N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) rescued the severity of CNV in diabetic mice. NAC also inhibited the overexpression of p-STAT3 and VEGF in CNV and in RPE cells. The JAK-2/STAT3 pathway inhibitor AG490 blocked VEGF expression but had no effect on the production of ROS in vitro. These results suggest that hyperglycaemia promotes the development of CNV by inducing oxidative stress, which in turn activates STAT3 signalling in RPE cells. Antioxidant supplementation helped attenuate the development of CNV. Thus, our results reveal a potential strategy for the treatment and prevention of diseases involving CNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YSW); (JZ)
| | - Yuan-Yuan Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Bo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YSW); (JZ)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pennesi ME, Neuringer M, Courtney RJ. Animal models of age related macular degeneration. Mol Aspects Med 2012; 33:487-509. [PMID: 22705444 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss of those over the age of 65 in the industrialized world. The prevalence and need to develop effective treatments for AMD has lead to the development of multiple animal models. AMD is a complex and heterogeneous disease that involves the interaction of both genetic and environmental factors with the unique anatomy of the human macula. Models in mice, rats, rabbits, pigs and non-human primates have recreated many of the histological features of AMD and provided much insight into the underlying pathological mechanisms of this disease. In spite of the large number of models developed, no one model yet recapitulates all of the features of human AMD. However, these models have helped reveal the roles of chronic oxidative damage, inflammation and immune dysregulation, and lipid metabolism in the development of AMD. Models for induced choroidal neovascularization have served as the backbone for testing new therapies. This article will review the diversity of animal models that exist for AMD as well as their strengths and limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Pennesi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Copper deficiency induced emphysema is associated with focal adhesion kinase inactivation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30678. [PMID: 22276220 PMCID: PMC3262830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is an important regulator of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) dependent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and is also required for the activity of lysyl oxidase (LOX) to effect matrix protein cross-linking. Cell detachment from the extracellular matrix can induce apoptosis (anoikis) via inactivation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). METHODOLOGY To examine the molecular mechanisms whereby copper depletion causes the destruction of the normal alveolar architecture via anoikis, Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a copper deficient diet for 6 weeks while being treated with the copper chelator, tetrathiomolybdate. Other groups of rats were treated with the inhibitor of auto-phosphorylation of FAK, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetraamine tetrahydrochloride (1,2,4,5-BT) or FAK small interfering RNA (siRNA). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Copper depletion caused emphysematous changes, decreased HIF-1α activity, and downregulated VEGF expression in the rat lungs. Cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8 and Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) expression was increased, and the phosphorylation of FAK was decreased in copper depleted rat lungs. Administration of 1,2,4,5-BT and FAK siRNA caused emphysematous lung destruction associated with increased expression of cleaved capase-3, caspase-8 and Bim. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that copper-dependent mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema, which may be associated with decreased HIF-1α and FAK activity in the lung.
Collapse
|
33
|
Dong X, Wang YS, Dou GR, Hou HY, Shi YY, Zhang R, Ma K, Wu L, Yao LB, Cai Y, Zhang J. Influence of Dll4 via HIF-1α-VEGF signaling on the angiogenesis of choroidal neovascularization under hypoxic conditions. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18481. [PMID: 21526177 PMCID: PMC3079714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the common pathological basis of
irreversible visual impairment encountered in a variety of chorioretinal
diseases; the pathogenesis of its development is complicated and still
imperfectly understood. Recent studies indicated that delta-like ligand 4
(Dll4), one of the Notch family ligands might participate in the HIF-1α-VEGF
pathway to regulate CNV angiogenesis. But little is known about the influence
and potential mechanism of Dll4/Notch signals on CNV angiogenesis. Real-time
RT-PCR, Western blotting were used to analyze the expression alteration of Dll4,
VEGF and HIF-1α in hypoxic RF/6A cells. Immunofluorescence staining, a
laser-induced rat CNV model and intravitreal injection techniques were used to
confirm the relationships among these molecules in vitro and
in vivo. RPE-RF/6A cell co-culture systems were used to
investigate the effects of Dll4/Notch signals on CNV angiogenesis. We found that
the Dll4 was involved in hypoxia signaling in CNV angiogenesis. Results from the
co-culture system showed that the enhancement of Dll4 expression in RF/6A cells
led to the significantly faster proliferation and stronger tube forming ability,
but inhibited cells migration and invasion across a monolayer of RPE cells in
hypoxic environment, while siRNA-mediated Dll4 silencing caused the opposite
effects. Pharmacological disruption of Notch signaling using gamma-secretase
inhibitor (GSI) produced similar, but not identical effects, to that caused by
the Dll4 siRNA. In addition, the expression of several key molecules involved in
the angiogenesis of CNV was altered in RF/6A cells showing constitutively active
Dll4 expression. These results suggest that Dll4 play an important role in CNV
angiogenesis, which appears to be regulated by HIF-1α and VEGF during the
progression of CNV under hypoxic conditions. Targeting Dll4/Notch signaling may
facilitate further understanding of the mechanisms that underlie CNV
angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (Y-SW); (JZ)
| | - Guo-Rui Dou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yuan Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of
Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's
Republic of China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of
Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's
Republic of China
| | - Li-Bo Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of
Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's
Republic of China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of
Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's
Republic of China
- * E-mail: (Y-SW); (JZ)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Biggs MJP, Richards RG, Dalby MJ. Nanotopographical modification: a regulator of cellular function through focal adhesions. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 6:619-33. [PMID: 20138244 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED As materials technology and the field of biomedical engineering advances, the role of cellular mechanisms, in particular adhesive interactions with implantable devices, becomes more relevant in both research and clinical practice. A key tenet of medical device design has evolved from the exquisite ability of biological systems to respond to topographical features or chemical stimuli, a process that has led to the development of next-generation biomaterials for a wide variety of clinical disorders. In vitro studies have identified nanoscale features as potent modulators of cellular behavior through the onset of focal adhesion formation. The focus of this review is on the recent developments concerning the role of nanoscale structures on integrin-mediated adhesion and cellular function with an emphasis on the generation of medical constructs with regenerative applications. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this review, recent developments related to the role of nanoscale structures on integrin-mediated adhesion and cellular function is discussed, with an emphasis on regenerative applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manus Jonathan Paul Biggs
- Nanotechnology Center for Mechanics in Regenerative Medicine, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lee SH, Lee YJ, Song CH, Ahn YK, Han HJ. Role of FAK phosphorylation in hypoxia-induced hMSCS migration: involvement of VEGF as well as MAPKS and eNOS pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 298:C847-56. [PMID: 20089932 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00418.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Here we show that the effect of hypoxia on human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) migration is via the modulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and its related signaling pathways. Hypoxia increased hMSC migration and cell viability, whereas lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was not affected for up to 48 h (data not shown). In addition, hypoxia increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in a time-dependent manner. Hypoxia-induced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) were inhibited by the antioxidant (N-acetylcysteine, NAC, 10(-6) M) and (taurine, 4x10(-6) M). Hypoxia-induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation was regulated by p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK activation. In addition, hypoxia increased the level of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha expression, which was blocked by inhibition of eNOS. Also, hypoxia-induced expression of Flk-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and its secreted form were inhibited by HIF-1alpha small interfering RNA (siRNA). In this hypoxic condition, FAK and Src phosphorylation were increased in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of Src with specific inhibitor (PP2, 10(-8) M) blocked hypoxia-induced FAK activation. Subsequently, hypoxia-induced FAK phosphorylation was blocked by VEGF siRNA. Finally, hypoxia-induced increase of hMSC migration was inhibited by FAK siRNA. The results indicate that hypoxia increases migration of hMSCs via VEGF-mediated FAK phospholylation and involves the cooperative activity of the ROS, MAPK, eNOS and HIF-1alpha pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Lee
- Dept. of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National Univ., Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Inhibitory efficacy of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α short hairpin RNA plasmid DNA-loaded poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles on choroidal neovascularization in a laser-induced rat model. Gene Ther 2009; 17:338-51. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2009.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
37
|
Gurin YV. Morphological Analysis of Newly Formed Vessels and Cellular Microenvironment. Bull Exp Biol Med 2009; 148:838-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-010-0830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|