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Xing Y, Shi H, Gao X, Zhu X, Zhang D, Fang L, Wang J, Liu C, Wu D, Wang X, Min W. Walnut-Derived Peptides Alleviate Learning and Memory Impairments in a Mice Model via Inhibition of Microglia Phagocytose Synapses. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38853533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Microglia phagocytose synapses have an important effect on the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of the walnut-derived peptide, TWLPLPR(TW-7), against LPS-induced cognitive deficits in mice and explored the underlying C1q-mediated microglia phagocytose synapses mechanisms in LPS-treated HT22 cells. The MWM showed that TW-7 improved the learning and memory capacity of the LPS-injured mice. Both transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis illustrated that synaptic density and morphology were increased while associated with the decreased colocalized synapses with C1q. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence demonstrated that TW-7 effectively reduced the microglia phagocytosis of synapses. Subsequently, overexpression of C1q gene plasmid was used to verify the contribution of the TW-7 via the classical complement pathway-regulated mitochondrial function-mediated microglia phagocytose synapses in LPS-treated HT22 cells. These data suggested that TW-7 improved the learning and memory capability of LPS-induced cognitively impaired mice through a mechanism associated with the classical complement pathway-mediated microglia phagocytose synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Xing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Haoyuan Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xi Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Dingwen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Ji Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Min
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
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Wang Q, Dong J, Du M, Liu X, Zhang S, Zhang D, Qin W, Xu X, Li X, Su R, Qiu L, Li B, Yuan H. Chitosan-Rapamycin Carbon Dots Alleviate Glaucomatous Retinal Injury by Inducing Autophagy to Promote M2 Microglial Polarization. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2265-2284. [PMID: 38476273 PMCID: PMC10928492 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s440025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glaucoma is a prevalent cause of irreversible vision impairment, characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss, with no currently available effective treatment. Rapamycin (RAPA), an autophagy inducer, has been reported to treat glaucoma in rodent models by promoting RGC survival, but its limited water solubility, systemic toxicity, and pre-treatment requirements hinder its potential clinical applications. Methods Chitosan (CS)-RAPA carbon dot (CRCD) was synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization of CS and RAPA and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. In vitro assays on human umbilical cord vein endothelial and rat retinal cell line examined its biocompatibility and anti-oxidative capabilities, while lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine microglia (BV2) assays measured its effects on microglial polarization. In vivo, using a mouse retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model by acute intraocular pressure elevation, the effects of CRCD on visual function, RGC apoptosis, oxidative stress, and M2 microglial polarization were examined. Results CRCD exhibited good water solubility and anti-oxidative capabilities, in the form of free radical scavenging. In vitro, CRCD was bio-compatible and lowered oxidative stress, which was also found in vivo in the retinal I/R model. Additionally, both in vitro with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells and in vivo with the I/R model, CRCD was able to promote M2 microglial polarization by activating autophagy, which, in turn, down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, as well as up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4 and TGF-β. All these anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects ultimately aided in preserving RGCs, and subsequently, improved visual function. Discussion CRCD could serve as a potential novel treatment strategy for glaucoma, via incorporating RAPA into CDs, in turn not only mitigating its toxic side effects but also enhancing its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Future Medical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Dong
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxian Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Future Medical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinna Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Future Medical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Future Medical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanyun Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Future Medical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xikun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Future Medical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruidong Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leyi Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoqiang Li
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Dynamics and Extreme Characteristics of Promising Nanostructured Materials, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Huiping Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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Xuan M, Wang W, Bulloch G, Zhang J, Ha J, Wang Q, Wang J, Lin X, He M. Impact of Acute Ocular Hypertension on Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss in Mice. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:17. [PMID: 38506800 PMCID: PMC10959197 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) levels and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss across different fixed-duration episodes of acute ocular hypertension (AOH). Methods AOH was induced in Thy1-YFP-H transgenic mice by inserting a needle connected to a saline solution container into the anterior chamber. Thirty-one groups were tested, each comprising three to five mice exposed to IOP levels ranging from 50 to 110 mm Hg in 5/10 mm Hg increments for 60/90/120 minutes and a sham control group. The YFP-expressing RGCs were quantified by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, whereas peripapillary ganglion cell complex thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Changes in RGC count and GCCT were determined from values measured 30 days after AOH relative to baseline (before AOH). Results In the 60-minute AOH groups, RGC loss varied even when IOP was increased up to 110 mm Hg (36.8%-68.2%). However, for longer durations (90 and 120 minutes), a narrow range of IOP levels (60-70 mm Hg for 90-minute duration; 55-65 mm Hg for 120-minute duration) produced a significant difference in RGC loss, ranging from <25% to >90%. Additionally, loss of YFP-expressing RGCs was comparable to that of total RGCs in the same retinas. Conclusions Reproducible RGC loss during AOH depends on precise durations and IOP thresholds. In the current study, the optimal choice is an AOH protocol set at 70 mm Hg for a duration of 90 minutes. Translational Relevance This study can assist in determining the optimal duration and intensity of IOP for the effective utilization of AOH models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gabriella Bulloch
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jason Ha
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), Hong Kong, China
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Lee S, You DH, Park S, Oh HS, Kwon OW. Distribution of Neurofilament in Peeled Internal Limiting Membrane. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023; 54:643-648. [PMID: 37956316 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20231011-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim was to study the distribution of neurofilament in peeled internal limiting membrane (ILM). PATIENTS AND METHODS Prospective case study. Vitrectomy and ILM peeling were performed in patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole. ILM flap specimens were obtained as one disc area size from five locations. Immunofluorescent staining was performed with an antineurofilament heavy antibody. Using a confocal microscope, retinal cell debris density was studied using the ImageJ program. RESULTS Percent of stained neurofilament was 1.58 ± 1.14% in total (2.45 ± 1.37% in extranasal, 1.97 ± 0.75% in extratemporal, 1.93 ± 1.26% in juxta-nasal, 0.89 ± 0.69% in fovea, and 0.63 ± 0.46% in juxtatemporal). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences among groups (P < 0.05). Bonferroni post hoc analysis only confirmed significant difference between juxtatemporal and extranasal groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In peeled ILM flap, neurofilaments are rarely detected in the juxtatemporal area. However, they are frequently detected in the extranasal area. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023;54:643-648.].
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Woltsche N, Valentin K, Hoeflechner L, Guttmann A, Horwath-Winter J, Schneider MR, Ivastinovic D, Lindner M, Schmetterer L, Singh N, Riedl R, Buchmann A, Khalil M, Lindner E. Neurofilament light chain: a new marker for neuronal decay in the anterior chamber fluid of patients with glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 107:1432-1437. [PMID: 35750478 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2021-320828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in cerebrospinal fluid and serum are reliable indicators for neuroaxonal damage in a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we investigate NfL levels in serum and anterior chamber fluid of patients with glaucoma. METHODS Patients scheduled for routine glaucoma or cataract surgery were recruited for this study. Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT, Heidelberg Spectralis). NfL levels in serum and in anterior chamber fluid were analysed with Simoa SR-X Analyzer (Quanterix; NFLIGHT, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA). T-test was used for parametric data and Mann-Whitney-U test for nonparametric data. Spearman's rank-order correlation was used to investigate correlations. P values<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Sixty patients with glaucoma and 58 controls were enrolled. Serum NfL concentration of patients with glaucoma was similar to serum NfL concentration in controls (median (IQR); 22.7 (18.9) pg/mL vs 22.5 (24.0) pg/mL; p=0.763). A positive correlation of serum NfL with age was observed in both patients with glaucoma (r=0.77; p<0.001) and in the control group (r=0.82, p<0.001). In the anterior chamber fluid, the NfL concentration was substantially increased in patients with glaucoma compared with controls (20.7 (101.3) pg/mL vs 3.1 (2.9) pg/mL; p<0.001). Furthermore, we found a positive correlation of anterior chamber fluid NfL with preoperative intraocular pressure (r=0.39, p=0.003) and with retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (r=0.58, p<0.001). CONCLUSION NfL levels in anterior chamber fluid are elevated in patients with glaucoma and correlate with intraocular pressure and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness. The presented data strongly support anterior chamber fluid NfL as a new marker for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Woltsche
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Lukas Hoeflechner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Guttmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Marlene Lindner
- Department of Dentistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria
| | - Leopold Schmetterer
- Ocular Imaging, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Neena Singh
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Regina Riedl
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Arabella Buchmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria
| | - Michael Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria
| | - Ewald Lindner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Arizono I, Fujita N, Tsukahara C, Sase K, Sekine R, Jujo T, Otsubo M, Tokuda N, Kitaoka Y. Axonal Protection by Oral Nicotinamide Riboside Treatment with Upregulated AMPK Phosphorylation in a Rat Glaucomatous Degeneration Model. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7097-7109. [PMID: 37754233 PMCID: PMC10527704 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), has been studied to support human health against metabolic stress, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. In the present study, we investigated the effects of oral NR on axonal damage in a rat ocular hypertension model. Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced by laser irradiation and then the rats received oral NR of 1000 mg/kg/day daily. IOP elevation was seen 7, 14, and 21 days after laser irradiation compared with the controls. We confirmed that oral NR administration significantly increased NAD+ levels in the retina. After 3-week oral administration of NR, morphometric analysis of optic nerve cross-sections showed that the number of axons was protected compared with that in the untreated ocular hypertension group. Oral NR administration significantly prevented retinal ganglion cell (RGC) fiber loss in retinal flat mounts, as shown by neurofilament immunostaining. Immunoblotting samples from the optic nerves showed that oral NR administration augmented the phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) level in rats with and without ocular hypertension induction. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that some p-AMPK-immunopositive fibers were colocalized with neurofilament immunoreactivity in the control group, and oral NR administration enhanced p-AMPK immunopositivity. Our findings suggest that oral NR administration protects against glaucomatous RGC axonal degeneration with the possible upregulation of p-AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibuki Arizono
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (I.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Kana Sase
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Reio Sekine
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Jujo
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Mizuki Otsubo
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (I.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Naoto Tokuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kitaoka
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan; (I.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
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Zaman K, Nguyen V, Prokai-Tatrai K, Prokai L. Proteomics-Based Identification of Retinal Protein Networks Impacted by Elevated Intraocular Pressure in the Hypertonic Saline Injection Model of Experimental Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12592. [PMID: 37628770 PMCID: PMC10454042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure is considered a major cause of glaucomatous retinal neurodegeneration. To facilitate a better understanding of the underlying molecular processes and mechanisms, we report a study focusing on alterations of the retina proteome by induced ocular hypertension in a rat model of the disease. Glaucomatous processes were modeled through sclerosing the aqueous outflow routes of the eyes by hypertonic saline injections into an episcleral vein. Mass spectrometry-based quantitative retina proteomics using a label-free shotgun methodology identified over 200 proteins significantly affected by ocular hypertension. Various facets of glaucomatous pathophysiology were revealed through the organization of the findings into protein interaction networks and by pathway analyses. Concentrating on retinal neurodegeneration as a characteristic process of the disease, elevated intraocular pressure-induced alterations in the expression of selected proteins were verified by targeted proteomics based on nanoflow liquid chromatography coupled with nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using the parallel reaction monitoring method of data acquisition. Acquired raw data are shared through deposition to the ProteomeXchange Consortium (PXD042729), making a retina proteomics dataset on the selected animal model of glaucoma available for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katalin Prokai-Tatrai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (K.Z.); (V.N.)
| | - Laszlo Prokai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (K.Z.); (V.N.)
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Zhang L, Xue K, Fan P, Chen C, Hu J, Huang J, Lu W, Xu J, Xu S, Ran J, Zhu S, Gan S. Geranylgeranylacetone-induced heat shock protein70 expression reduces retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Exp Eye Res 2023; 229:109416. [PMID: 36801237 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common pathophysiological stress state connected to various diseases, including acute glaucoma, retinal vascular obstruction, and diabetic retinopathy. Recent studies have suggested that geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) could increase heat shock protein70 (HSP70) level and reduce retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis in a rat retinal I/R model. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Moreover, the injury caused by retinal I/R includes not only apoptosis but also autophagy and gliosis, and the effects of GGA on autophagy and gliosis have not been reported. Our study established a retinal I/R model by anterior chamber perfusion pressuring to 110 mmHg for 60 min, followed by 4 h of reperfusion. The levels of HSP70, apoptosis-related proteins, GFAP, LC3-II, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling proteins were determined by western blotting and qPCR after treatment with GGA, HSP70 inhibitor quercetin (Q), PI3K inhibitor LY294002, and mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining, meanwhile, HSP70 and LC3 were detected by immunofluorescence. Our results demonstrated that GGA-induced HSP70 expression significantly reduced gliosis, autophagosome accumulation, and apoptosis in retinal I/R injury, indicating that GGA exerted protective effects on retinal I/R injury. Moreover, the protective effects of GGA mechanistically relied on the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. In conclusion, GGA-induced HSP70 overexpression has protective effects on retinal I/R injury by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhang
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaige Xue
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaheng Hu
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weitian Lu
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiye Xu
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Ran
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shujuan Zhu
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengwei Gan
- Institute of Neurosciences, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Feng Y, Lu J, Peng X, Ge Y, Zhang R, Li H. Long noncoding RNA uc007nnj.1 mediates neuronal death induced by retinal ischemia/reperfusion in mice via the miR-155-5p/Tle4 axis. Mol Med 2023; 29:9. [PMID: 36653745 PMCID: PMC9850566 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis is a vital manifestation of retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The contribution of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to this cellular process is currently being explored. Based on a lncRNA chip assay, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA uc007nnj.1 in the pathological process of ischemia-induced RGCs apoptosis. METHODS Hank's balanced salt solution containing 10 µM antimycin A and 2 µM calcium ionophore for 2 h to construct an ischemic model in RGCs, and elevation of intraocular pressure to 120 mm Hg for 1 h was used to construct a mouse model of retinal I/R injury. RESULTS In this study, lncRNA uc007nnj.1 was highly upregulated in response to I/R injury in RGCs and mouse retinas. In addition, lncRNA uc007nnj.1 knockdown reduced retinal neuronal cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo and significantly improved retinal function. DISCUSSION Mechanistically, the results demonstrated that lncRNA uc007nnj.1 acts as ceRNA competitively binding miR-155-5p, thereby enhancing the expression levels of Tle4, thus aggravating ischemia-related apoptosis in RGCs. CONCLUSIONS Finally, our study identifies the lncRNA uc007nnj.1/miR-155-5p/Tle4 axis as a potential target for the prevention of I/R-induced retinal neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Feng
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Jinfang Lu
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Xujun Peng
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Yanni Ge
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Ran Zhang
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Huiling Li
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
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10
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Abstract
Purpose: Retinal ganglion cell death occurs during the glaucoma pathological process, and it is significant because of the poor regeneration capacity of retinal ganglion cells. With a constantly increasing understanding of retinal cell death mechanisms, we now know that simply blocking a specific mechanism of cell death might not prevent retinal ganglion cell death. This review aimed to summarize the mechanisms of retinal cell death in glaucoma models and discuss the caveats in restoring visual function in these studies.Methods: A literature search was done on PubMed using key words including glaucoma, ocular hypertension, retinal ganglion cell, cell death, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagic cell death, and parthanatos. The literature was reviewed to summarize the information about the lethal pathways of retinal ganglion cell in the glaucoma-like animal models.Results: Based on the purpose, 100 studies were selected and discussed in this review.Conclusions: The damage to ganglion cells in glaucoma-like animals can occur via multiple lethal pathways and the molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Further investigations on the crosstalk between different cell death pathways and the common upstream regulators could augment the development of novel targeting agents for the curative treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Zhou L, Lin D, Xu G, Wang X, Chen Z, Wang D, Fan H. Alteration of neurofilament heavy chain and its phosphoforms reveals early subcellular damage beyond the optic nerve head in glaucoma. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1091697. [PMID: 37034083 PMCID: PMC10073422 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1091697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) axon loss at the site of optic nerve head (ONH) is long believed as the common pathology in glaucoma since different types of glaucoma possessing different characteristic of intraocular pressure, and this damage was only detected at the later stage. Methods To address these disputes and detect early initiating events underlying RGCs, we firstly detected somatic or axonal change and compared their difference in acute and chronic phase of primary angle-closed glaucoma (PACG) patient using optical coherence tomography (OCT), then an axonal-enriched cytoskeletal protein neurofilament heavy chain and its phosphoforms (NF-H, pNF-H) were utilized to reveal spatio-temporal undetectable damage insulted by acute and chronic ocular hypertension (AOH, COH) in two well characterized glaucoma mice models. Results In clinic, we detected nonhomogeneous changes such as ONH and soma of RGCs presenting edema in acute phase but atrophy in chronic one by OCT. In AOH animal models, an increase expression of NF-H especially its phosphorylation modification was observed as early as 4 h before RGCs loss, which presented as somatic accumulation in the peripheral retina and at the sites of ONH. In contrast, in microbeads induced COH model, NF-H and pNF-H reduced significantly, these changes firstly occurred as NF-H or pNF-H disconnection at ONH and optic nerve after 2 weeks when the intraocular pressure reaching the peak; Meanwhile, we detected aqueous humor pNF-H elevation after AOH and slight reduction in the COH. Conclusion Together, our data supports that early alteration of NF-H and its phosphoforms would reveal undetectable subcellular damage consisting of peripheral somatic neurofilament compaction, impaired axonal transport and distal axonal disorganization of cytoskeleton beyond the ONH, and identifies two distinct axonal degeneration which were Wallerian combination with retrograde degeneration in acute PACG and retrograde degeneration in the chronic one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhou
- Ophthalmological Center of Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongyue Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- Ophthalmological Center of Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Ophthalmological Center of Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Ophthalmological Center of Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingding Wang
- Ophthalmological Center of Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiya Fan
- Ophthalmological Center of Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Huiya Fan
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12
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Panda-Jonas S, Jonas JB, Jonas RA. Photoreceptor density in relation to axial length and retinal location in human eyes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21371. [PMID: 36494438 PMCID: PMC9734646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine the density of retinal photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in relation to myopic axial elongation in human eyes. Using light microscopy, we assessed the density of photoreceptors and RPE cells at the ora serrata, equator, and midperiphery (equator/posterior pole midpoint), and the RPE cell density additionally at the posterior pole, in enucleated human globes. The study included 78 eyes (mean age: 59.2 ± 15.6 years; range: 32-85 years) with a mean axial length of 27.3 ± 3.6 mm (range: 21.5-37.0 mm). Close to the ora serrata, at the equator and midperiphery, photoreceptor and RPE cell density was 246 ± 183, 605 ± 299 and 1089 ± 441 photoreceptors/mm and 56.1 ± 13.7, 45.2 ± 15.1, and 48.8 ± 15.6 RPE cells/mm, respectively. Densities of both cell types in all three regions were positively correlated with each other (all P < 0.001) and decreased with longer axial length (all P < 0.001) and longer distance between the ora serrata and the posterior pole (all P < 0.001), most marked at the midperiphery and least marked close to the ora serrata. The PRE cell density at the posterior pole was not significantly (P = 0.35) related to axial length. The photoreceptor density at the ora serrata (beta:- 0.33) and equator (beta: - 0.27) and RPE cell density at the ora serrata (beta: - 0.27) decreased additionally with the presence of glaucoma. The findings suggest that the axial elongation-related decrease in photoreceptor and RPE cell density is most marked at the midperiphery, followed by the equator and finally the ora serrata region. It suggests that the axial elongation-related enlargement of the eye wall predominantly takes place in the retro-equatorial region, followed by the equatorial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Privatpraxis Prof Jonas Und Dr Panda-Jonas, Adenauerplatz 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rahul A Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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13
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Hu T, Meng S, Zhang Q, Song S, Tan C, Huang J, Chen D. Astrocyte derived TSP2 contributes to synaptic alteration and visual dysfunction in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:196. [PMID: 36471420 PMCID: PMC9720934 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00932-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite current intervention measures/therapies are able to ameliorate neuronal death following retinal injuries/diseases, the recovery of visual function remains unsatisfactory. Previous studies revealed that the retinal synapse and neurite changed during the early stage after retinopathy, which was considered to be detrimental to visual signal transmission. However, the specific profiles and the mechanisms underlying retinal neurite and synaptic alteration after retinal pathologies remain poorly understood. METHODS Here, we revealed the spatiotemporal pattern of neurite and synaptic alteration following retinal pathologies using a rat model of acute RI/R induced by high intraocular pressure (HIOP) with Western blotting, Immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. We further explored the potential role of activated astrocytes and their derived thrombospondin 2 (TSP2) in RI/R induced retinal neurite and synaptic alteration and visual dysfunction through viral transduction and drug injection. RESULTS We found a defasciculation of RGC axons, a compensatory increase of presynaptic proteins (synaptophysin and synapsin 1) and synaptic vesicles between bipolar cells and ganglion cells in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), and the degenerated visual function preceded the neuronal death in rat retinae. These events were accompanied by the activation of astrocytes. Furthermore, we showed that suppressing the activation of astrocytes (intravitreal injection of fluorocitric acid, FC), TSP2 knockdown (TSP2 shRNA-AAV transduction), and competitively inhibiting the binding of TSP2 and α2δ1 (intraperitoneal injection of gabapentin, GBP) effectively alleviated the retinal synaptic and neurite alteration and the visual dysfunction following RI/R injury. CONCLUSIONS (1) At the early stage following RI/R injury, the rat retinae develop a degeneration of ganglion cell axons and the resulting compensatory synaptic remodeling between bipolar cells and ganglion cells in IPL. These changes occur earlier than the massive loss of neurons in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). (2) Activated astrocytes may secret TSP2, which bind to α2δ1, to mediate the degeneration of rat retinal ganglion cell axons, compensatory synaptic remodeling in IPL, and visual dysfunction following RI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Hu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Meng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyue Zhang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Song
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, No.238 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Tan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jufang Huang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
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14
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Tonner H, Hunn S, Auler N, Schmelter C, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH. Dynamin-like Protein 1 (DNML1) as a Molecular Target for Antibody-Based Immunotherapy to Treat Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113618. [PMID: 36362420 PMCID: PMC9654827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow and progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the main characteristic of glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Previous studies have shown that impaired mitochondrial dynamics could facilitate retinal neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial dynamics are regulated directly (fission) or more indirectly (fusion) by dynamin-like protein 1 (DNML1). Therefore, DNM1L might be a promising target for an antibody-based approach to treat glaucoma. The consequences of targeting endogenous DNM1L by antibodies in a glaucoma animal model have not been investigated yet. Here, we show that the intravitreal application of an anti-DNM1L antibody showed protective effects regarding the survival of RGCs and their axons in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Antibody treatment also improved retinal functionality, as observed by electroretinography (Ganzfeld ERG). Western blot analysis revealed altered DNM1L phosphorylation and altered expression of proteins related to apoptosis suggesting a decreased apoptosis rate. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed 28 up-regulated and 21 down-regulated proteins (p < 0.05) in both experimental groups. Protein pathway analysis showed that many proteins interacted directly with the target protein DNM1L and could be classified into three main protein clusters: Vesicle traffic-associated (NSF, SNCA, ARF1), mitochondrion-associated (HSP9A, SLC25A5/ANT2, GLUD1) and cytoskeleton-associated (MAP1A) signaling pathway. Our results demonstrate that DNM1L is a promising target for an antibody-based approach to glaucoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Franz H. Grus
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-17-3328; Fax: +49-6131-4970563
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15
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Lin D, Wang Z, Chen W, Shen T, Qiu X, Wei K, Li J, Yang D, Wang P, Li X, Yan J, Tang Z. Regional Downregulation of Dopamine Receptor D1 in Bilateral Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of Monocular Form-Deprived Amblyopia Models. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:861529. [PMID: 35757538 PMCID: PMC9213678 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.861529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amblyopia is a common eye disease characterized by impaired best-corrected visual acuity. It starts in early childhood and leads to permanent vision reduction if left untreated. Even though many young patients with amblyopia are well treated in clinical practice, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated, which limits not only our understanding of this disease but also the therapeutic approach. To investigate the molecular mechanism of amblyopia, primate and rodent models of monocular-deprived amblyopia were created for mRNA screening and confirmation. We obtained 818 differentially expressed genes from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of a primate model of amblyopia. After Gene Ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, the main enriched pathways were related to neural development. Interestingly, a particular neurotransmitter pathway, the dopaminergic pathway, was identified. The downregulation of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) was confirmed in both monkey and mouse samples. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence staining indicated that DRD1 expression was downregulated in both ventrolateral region of the contralateral dLGN and the dorsomedial region of the ipsilateral dLGN in the mouse model. The regions with downregulated expression of DRD1 were the downstream targets of the visual projection from the amblyopic eye. This study suggested that the downregulation of DRD1 in the LGN may be a cause for amblyopia. This may also be a reason for the failure of some clinical cases of levodopa combined with carbidopa applied to amblyopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yang
- Jinan Purui Eye Hospital, Children's Eye Disease and Ocular Motor Institute of Purui Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Jinan Purui Eye Hospital, Children's Eye Disease and Ocular Motor Institute of Purui Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongshu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Razi O, Tartibian B, Laher I, Govindasamy K, Zamani N, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Suzuki K, Zouhal H. Multimodal Benefits of Exercise in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19. Front Physiol 2022; 13:783251. [PMID: 35492581 PMCID: PMC9048028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.783251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease characterized by plaque formation and neuroinflammation. The plaques can present in various locations, causing a variety of clinical symptoms in patients with MS. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is also associated with systemic inflammation and a cytokine storm which can cause plaque formation in several areas of the brain. These concurring events could exacerbate the disease burden of MS. We review the neuro-invasive properties of SARS-CoV-2 and the possible pathways for the entry of the virus into the central nervous system (CNS). Complications due to this viral infection are similar to those occurring in patients with MS. Conditions related to MS which make patients more susceptible to viral infection include inflammatory status, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, function of CNS cells, and plaque formation. There are also psychoneurological and mood disorders associated with both MS and COVID-19 infections. Finally, we discuss the effects of exercise on peripheral and central inflammation, BBB integrity, glia and neural cells, and remyelination. We conclude that moderate exercise training prior or after infection with SARS-CoV-2 can produce health benefits in patients with MS patients, including reduced mortality and improved physical and mental health of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Razi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Nastaran Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, Vila Real, Portugal
- Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group, i3S, Porto, Portugal
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Katsuhiko Suzuki, ; Hassane Zouhal,
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
- *Correspondence: Katsuhiko Suzuki, ; Hassane Zouhal,
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17
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Yang X, Yu X, Zhao Z, He Y, Zhang J, Su X, Sun N, Fan Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in retinal injury induced by repeated transient spikes of intraocular pressure. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:746-756. [PMID: 34514754 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, a large proportion of glaucoma patients undergo repeated intraocular pressure (IOP) spike (Spike IOP) attacks during their sleep, which may facilitate retinopathy. In this study, we established a mouse model of repeated transient Spike IOP to investigate the direct damage to the retina following Spike IOP attacks, and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism. We analyzed the changes in the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) via immunofluorescence. Thereafter, we detected retinal cell apoptosis via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism. Finally, we validated the expression of key molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Results revealed a time-dependent RGC loss in Spike IOP, evidenced by a reduction in the number of Brn3a-positive RGCs in experimental eyes following a 7-d continuous treatment with Spike IOP. In addition, TUNEL staining indicated that apoptosis of retinal cells started in the outer nuclear layer (ONL), and then spread to the ganglion cell layer (GCL) with time. RNA-seq analysis revealed that ER stress might be involved in Spike IOP-induced retinal injury. This result was corroborated by western blot, which revealed upregulation of ER stress-related proteins including binding immunoglobulin protein/glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/GRP78), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (p-IRE1), unspliced X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1-u), spliced X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1-s), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax). These findings indicate that repeated IOP transients are detrimental to the retina, while ER stress plays an important role in retinal cell apoptosis in this situation. Notably, repeated Spike IOP among glaucoma patients is a crucial factor for progressive retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhenni Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuqing He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaoqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Zhigang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Glaucoma, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China. .,Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical School, Beijing 100730, China.
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18
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Ye Z, Li X, Zheng D, Pei S, Cheng P, Zhang L, Zhu L. Intravitreally Injected Methylene Blue Protects Retina against Acute Ocular Hypertension in Rats. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:91-101. [PMID: 34165383 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1948062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the neuroprotective effects of methylene blue (MB) in a rat model of acute ocular hypertension (AOH) and explore its possible mechanisms.Methods: Our AOH rat model was obtained with anterior chamber perfusion for 60 min. After that, 100 μM MB was injected into the vitreous cavity immediately after injury. Electroretinogram, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retina morphology examination were utilized to quantify retinal damage before surgery, as well as 7, 14 and 28 days after. The average number of surviving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was counted after fluorescent retrograde labelling with 4% DiI. And TUNEL assay was used to investigate retinal cell apoptosis at 24 hours after AOH. Nrf2 and BACE1 in the retina were determined by RT-qPCR analysis.Results: AOH did produce a severe degeneration effect on the whole retinal layer. Intravitreally injected MB maintained certain retinal thickness after AOH, reduced the destruction of electroretinograms, and enhanced RGCs survival. The average number of TUNEL-labelled cells statistically reduced in the MB-treated retina tissue compared with retina treated with normal saline. The relative mRNA level of Nrf2 was also much higher in the MB-treated retinas after AOH, and the expression of BACE1 had a decline in the AOH + MB group.Conclusions: MB can protect the retina from AOH injury and the possible mechanism might involve the inhibition of BACE1 expression and the activation of Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ye
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongliang Zheng
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaili Pei
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei Cheng
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lishu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chemello F, Rodella A, Barosco G, Ceruti P, Tosi R, Marchini G. Double versus single suture stenting to manage hypertensive spikes after glaucoma drainage device implantation. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 31:3542-3548. [PMID: 33938321 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211014386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of double compared to single intraluminal suture stenting in reducing early postoperative hypertensive spikes (HS) and hypotony after Baerveldt glaucoma implant surgery. METHODS For this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical charts of 60 patients (60 eyes) who underwent Baerveldt drainage device surgery between 2017 and 2019. Two groups were formed according to whether a single suture stent was placed within the tube (5-0 polypropylene, 30 eyes, group 1) or a double suture (5-0 and 6-0 polypropylene, 30 eyes, group 2). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured at baseline, at 6 h, and on postoperative days 1, 2, 5, 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, 180. The occurrence of HS (IOP ⩾ 30 mmHg), anterior chamber reformation, decompressive paracentesis, anti-glaucoma medication, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS There was a greater decrease in IOP from baseline at days 1, 2, and 21 (p < 0.05) and number of HS at 6 h (p = 0.006) and postoperative day 1 (p < 0.001) in group 2. The mean number of decompressive paracentesis, anterior chamber reformation procedures, and topical anti-glaucoma medications was the same in both groups; the need for oral acetazolamide was significantly lower in group 2 at days 1, 21, and 30 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS While both stenting methods provide a gradual, controlled decrease in IOP, the double stenting technique was associated with a sooner and greater postoperative reduction in IOP and a good safety profile thanks to fewer HS in the early postoperative period and less need for oral acetazolamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chemello
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Eye Clinic, University of Verona, AOUI - Borgo Roma Hospital, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Anna Rodella
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Eye Clinic, University of Verona, AOUI - Borgo Roma Hospital, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Guido Barosco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Eye Clinic, University of Verona, AOUI - Borgo Roma Hospital, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Piero Ceruti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Eye Clinic, University of Verona, AOUI - Borgo Roma Hospital, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Roberto Tosi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Eye Clinic, University of Verona, AOUI - Borgo Roma Hospital, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marchini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Eye Clinic, University of Verona, AOUI - Borgo Roma Hospital, Verona, Veneto, Italy
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Microfluidic and Microscale Assays to Examine Regenerative Strategies in the Neuro Retina. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121089. [PMID: 33316971 PMCID: PMC7763644 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineering systems have transformed scientific knowledge of cellular behaviors in the nervous system (NS) and pioneered innovative, regenerative therapies to treat adult neural disorders. Microscale systems with characteristic lengths of single to hundreds of microns have examined the development and specialized behaviors of numerous neuromuscular and neurosensory components of the NS. The visual system is comprised of the eye sensory organ and its connecting pathways to the visual cortex. Significant vision loss arises from dysfunction in the retina, the photosensitive tissue at the eye posterior that achieves phototransduction of light to form images in the brain. Retinal regenerative medicine has embraced microfluidic technologies to manipulate stem-like cells for transplantation therapies, where de/differentiated cells are introduced within adult tissue to replace dysfunctional or damaged neurons. Microfluidic systems coupled with stem cell biology and biomaterials have produced exciting advances to restore vision. The current article reviews contemporary microfluidic technologies and microfluidics-enhanced bioassays, developed to interrogate cellular responses to adult retinal cues. The focus is on applications of microfluidics and microscale assays within mammalian sensory retina, or neuro retina, comprised of five types of retinal neurons (photoreceptors, horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, retinal ganglion) and one neuroglia (Müller), but excludes the non-sensory, retinal pigmented epithelium.
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21
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Cimaglia G, Votruba M, Morgan JE, André H, Williams PA. Potential Therapeutic Benefit of NAD + Supplementation for Glaucoma and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092871. [PMID: 32961812 PMCID: PMC7551676 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration are leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide with significant health and societal burdens. To date, no clinical cures are available and treatments target only the manageable symptoms and risk factors (but do not remediate the underlying pathology of the disease). Both diseases are neurodegenerative in their pathology of the retina and as such many of the events that trigger cell dysfunction, degeneration, and eventual loss are due to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Here, we critically review how a decreased bioavailability of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD; a crucial metabolite in healthy and disease states) may underpin many of these aberrant mechanisms. We propose how exogenous sources of NAD may become a therapeutic standard for the treatment of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cimaglia
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 112 82 Stockholm, Sweden;
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK; (M.V.); (J.E.M.)
| | - Marcela Votruba
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK; (M.V.); (J.E.M.)
- Cardiff Eye Unit, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, Wales, UK
| | - James E. Morgan
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK; (M.V.); (J.E.M.)
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YS, Wales, UK
| | - Helder André
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 112 82 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (P.A.W.)
| | - Pete A. Williams
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 112 82 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (P.A.W.)
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Gallego-Ortega A, Norte-Muñoz M, Miralles de Imperial-Ollero JA, Bernal-Garro JM, Valiente-Soriano FJ, de la Villa Polo P, Avilés-Trigueros M, Villegas-Pérez MP, Vidal-Sanz M. Functional and morphological alterations in a glaucoma model of acute ocular hypertension. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 256:1-29. [PMID: 32958209 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To study short and long-term effects of acute ocular hypertension (AOHT) on inner and outer retinal layers, in adult Sprague-Dawley rats AOHT (87mmHg) was induced for 90min and the retinas were examined longitudinally in vivo with electroretinogram (ERG) recordings and optical coherent tomography (OCT) from 1 to 90 days (d). Ex vivo, the retinas were analyzed for rod (RBC) and cone (CBC) bipolar cells, with antibodies against protein kinase Cα and recoverin, respectively in cross sections, and for cones, horizontal (HZ) and ganglion (RGC) cells with antibodies against arrestin, calbindin and Brn3a, respectively in wholemounts. The inner retina thinned progressively up to 7d with no further changes, while the external retina had a normal thickness until 30d, with a 20% thinning between 30 and 90d. Functionally, the a-wave showed an initial reduction by 24h and a further reduction from 30 to 90d. All other main ERG waves were significantly reduced by 1d without significant recovery by 90d. Radial sections showed a normal population of RBCs but their terminals were reduced. The CBCs showed a progressive decrease with a loss of 56% by 30d. In wholemount retinas, RGCs diminished to 40% by 3d and to 16% by 30d without further loss. Cones diminished to 58% and 35% by 3 and 7d, respectively and further decreased between 30 and 90d. HZs showed normal values throughout the study. In conclusion, AOHT affects both the inner and outer retina, with a more pronounced degeneration of the cone than the rod pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gallego-Ortega
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Norte-Muñoz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Bernal-Garro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Valiente-Soriano
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro de la Villa Polo
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcelino Avilés-Trigueros
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Paz Villegas-Pérez
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Vidal-Sanz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
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Wang M, Wan H, Wang S, Liao L, Huang Y, Guo L, Liu F, Shang L, Huang J, Ji D, Xia X, Jiang B, Chen D, Xiong K. RSK3 mediates necroptosis by regulating phosphorylation of RIP3 in rat retinal ganglion cells. J Anat 2020; 237:29-47. [PMID: 32162697 PMCID: PMC7309291 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) plays an important role in the necroptosis signaling pathway. Our previous studies have shown that the RIP3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL)-mediated necroptosis occurs in retinal ganglion cell line 5 (RGC-5) following oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). However, upstream regulatory pathways of RIP3 are yet to be uncovered. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinase 3 (RSK3) in the phosphorylation of RIP3 in RGC-5 cell necroptosis following OGD. Our results showed that expression of RSK3, RIP3, and MLKL was upregulated in necroptosis of RGC-5 after OGD. A computer simulation based on our preliminary results indicated that RSK3 might interact with RIP3, which was subsequently confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Further, we found that the application of a specific RSK inhibitor, LJH685, or rsk3 small interfering RNA (siRNA), downregulated the phosphorylation of RIP3. However, the overexpression of rip3 did not affect the expression of RSK3, thereby indicating that RSK3 could be a possible upstream regulator of RIP3 phosphorylation in OGD-induced necroptosis of RGC-5 cells. Moreover, our in vivo results showed that pretreatment with LJH685 before acute high intraocular pressure episodes could reduce the necroptosis of retinal neurons and improve recovery of impaired visual function. Taken together, our findings suggested that RSK3 might work as an upstream regulator of RIP3 phosphorylation during RGC-5 necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Wang
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shuchao Wang
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Lvshuang Liao
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yanxia Huang
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Limin Guo
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical ScienceXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Lei Shang
- Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesAffiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChangshaChina
| | - Dan Ji
- Hunan Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChangshaChina
- Department of OphthalmologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChangshaChina
- Department of OphthalmologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChangshaChina
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChangshaChina
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A Dietary Combination of Forskolin with Homotaurine, Spearmint and B Vitamins Protects Injured Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rodent Model of Hypertensive Glaucoma. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041189. [PMID: 32340314 PMCID: PMC7230514 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is indication that nutritional supplements protect retinal cells from degeneration. In a previous study, we demonstrated that dietary supplementation with an association of forskolin, homotaurine, spearmint extract and B vitamins efficiently counteracts retinal dysfunction associated with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death caused by optic nerve crush. We extended our investigation on the efficacy of dietary supplementation with the use of a mouse model in which RGC degeneration depends as closely as possible on intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. In this model, injecting the anterior chamber of the eye with methylcellulose (MCE) causes IOP elevation leading to RGC dysfunction. The MCE model was characterized in terms of IOP elevation, retinal dysfunction as determined by electrophysiological recordings, RGC loss as determined by brain-specific homeobox/POU domain protein 3A immunoreactivity and dysregulated levels of inflammatory and apoptotic markers. Except for IOP elevation, dysfunctional retinal parameters were all recovered by dietary supplementation indicating the involvement of non-IOP-related neuroprotective mechanisms of action. Our hypothesis is that the diet supplement may be used to counteract the inflammatory processes triggered by glial cell activation, thus leading to spared RGC loss and the preservation of visual dysfunction. In this respect, the present compound may be viewed as a potential remedy to be added to the currently approved drug therapies for improving RGC protection.
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