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Xiang A, He H, Li A, Meng X, Luo Y, Luo Y, Wang X, Yang J, Chen X, Zhong X. Changes in choroidal thickness and blood flow in response to form deprivation-induced myopia and repeated low-level red-light therapy in Guinea pigs. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024. [PMID: 39367704 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate ocular refractive development, choroidal thickness (ChT) and changes in choroidal blood flow in form-deprived myopia (FDM) Guinea pigs treated with repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy. METHODS Twenty-eight 3-week-old male tricolour Guinea pigs were randomised into three groups: normal controls (NC, n = 10), form-deprived (FD, n = 10) and red light treated with form-deprivation (RLFD, n = 8). Interocular refraction and axial length (AL) changes were monitored. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measured choroidal thickness, vessel area density, vessel skeleton density and blood flow signal intensity (flux) in the choriocapillaris and medium-large vessel layers. The experimental intervention lasted 3 weeks. RESULTS At week 3, the FD group had higher myopia and longer axial length than the NC group (all p < 0.001). The RLFD group had higher hyperopia and shorter axial length than the FD group (all p < 0.001). At week 1, the NC group had a thicker choroidal thickness than the FD group (p < 0.05). At weeks 2 and 3, the RLFD group had a thicker choroidal thickness than the FD group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the NC group had higher vessel area density, vessel skeleton density and flux in the choriocapillaris layer than the FD group at the three follow-up time points (all p < 0.05). At week 3, the vessel skeleton density and flux were higher in the RLFD group than in the FD group (all p < 0.05). Correlation analysis results showed that weekly changes in refraction and choroidal thickness were negatively correlated with changes in axial length (all p < 0.05). Choroidal thickness changes were positively correlated with alterations in the vessel area density, vessel skeleton density and flux in the choriocapillaris layer, as well as vessel skeleton density and flux changes in the medium-large vessel layers (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy retards FDM progression in Guinea pigs, potentially through increased choroidal blood flow in the choriocapillaris layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong He
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Anzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Luo
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuhan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junming Yang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaolian Chen
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingwu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
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Xiang A, Peng Z, He H, Meng X, Luo Y, Yang J, Zeng F, Chen X, Zhong X. The potential of brimonidine for myopia treatment: Targeting MMP-2 to regulate choroidal thickness and control eye growth. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37416. [PMID: 39309849 PMCID: PMC11416491 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug treatment studies are a focal point for identifying novel approaches to reduce myopia progression through basic science research. Here, we investigated the effects of various brimonidine administration routes and concentrations on form-deprivation myopia (FDM) progression, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and collagen alpha1 chain of type I (COL1A1) expression in the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)-choroid complex and sclera of guinea pigs. They demonstrate that brimonidine has the capacity to impede choroidal thinning induced by FDM, potentially through the induction of choroidal vasodilation. Additionally, we observed that brimonidine effectively counteracts FDM-induced downregulation of choroidal and scleral MMP-2 expression. Suppression of MMP-2 expression may reduce disruption of scleral and choroidal structural integrity which reduces declines in choroidal blood circulation and mitigates increases in ocular elongation. This research elucidates the effects of brimonidine on myopia progression, offering potential insights into therapeutic interventions for myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Peng
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Hong He
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Xuyun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Luo
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Junming Yang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolian Chen
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingwu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
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Bao T, Qin L, Hou G, Jiang H, Wang L, Wang Y, Wu J, Wang J, Pang Y. Association Between Peripheral Retinal Defocus and Myopia by Multispectral Refraction Topography in Chinese Children. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:517-523. [PMID: 38410631 PMCID: PMC10894750 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s450224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between the peripheral refractive errors of the fundus in different regions and moderate and high myopia. Methods In this case-control study, 320 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years were recruited. Peripheral refractive errors were measured using multispectral retinal refractive topography (MRT). Spherical equivalent (SE) and cylinder errors were classified into low, moderate, and high categories based on the magnitude range. Logistic regression was performed to test the factors associated with myopia. Results There were 152 participants with low myopia and 168 participants with moderate and high myopia included in the current study. Participants with moderate and high myopia were most likely to be older, with larger axial length (AL), lower SE, less time to watch electronic devices on the weekend, a higher difference between central refractive error and paracentral refractive error from the superior side of the retina (RDV-S), but a smaller difference between the central refractive error and paracentral refractive error from the inferior side of the retina (RDV-I) than those with low myopia (all P <0.05). After logistic analysis, female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 4.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.16-7.97, P <0.001), AL (OR = 6.88, 95% CI = 4.33-10.93, P <0.001), and RDV-I (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.32-0.86, P = 0.010) were independent factors for moderate and high myopia. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the retina peripheral refraction of the eyes (RDV-I) was associated with moderate and high myopia, and RDV-S was only associated with high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Bao
- Department of Ophthalmological Examination, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Liru Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guimei Hou
- Department of Ophthalmological Examination, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmological Examination, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmological Examination, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmological Examination, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhui Wu
- Department of Ophthalmological Examination, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Wang
- Department of Cataract, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlei Pang
- Department of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Chifeng Chaoju Eye Hospital, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
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Peng X, Huang Y, Wang Y, Shang J, Shen Y, Chen Z, Zhou X, Han T. Early regional changes in retina and choroid of chicks following monocular hemifield form deprivation. Exp Eye Res 2024; 239:109786. [PMID: 38211681 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
To investigate regional changes in the chick retina and choroid after hemifield form deprivation (HFD). Ten chicks were randomly and equally divided into a temporal retinal deprivation (TRD) and nasal retinal deprivation (NRD) group. HFD was induced with half-lateral translucent plastic goggles in the right eye; the left eye was kept untreated. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images obtained at 0, 3, and 72 hours (h) were analyzed using customized software. After 72 h of TRD, the retinal thickness (RT) of the treated eyes was significantly less than that of the fellow eyes in the temporal (P = 0.034) rather than the nasal (P = 0.083) region. In the NRD group, the RT of the treated eyes was thinner in both the nasal and temporal regions than that of the fellow eyes (P < 0.01). The RT alterations were more pronounced in the temporal (Δ = -16.86 ± 7.14 μm) than in the nasal (Δ = -13.44 ± 4.83 μm) region after 72-h TRD (P = 0.036), whereas the opposite was observed in the NRD group (P = 0.008). The choroidal thickness (ChT) of the treated eyes was less in both the nasal and temporal regions than that of the fellow eyes in both groups after 72-h treatment (P < 0.01). The ChT alterations were more pronounced in the temporal (Δ = -2.48 ± 8.95 μm) than in the nasal (Δ = 23.65 ± 13.58 μm) region after 72-h TRD (P = 0.021), whereas the NRD group showed the opposite effect (P = 0.019). HFD in chicks can lead to retinal and choroidal thinning in the corresponding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliao Peng
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China
| | - Yangyi Huang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China
| | - Jianmin Shang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China.
| | - Tian Han
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, China.
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Zeppieri M, Marsili S, Enaholo ES, Shuaibu AO, Uwagboe N, Salati C, Spadea L, Musa M. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Brief Look at the Uses and Technological Evolution of Ophthalmology. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2114. [PMID: 38138217 PMCID: PMC10744394 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Medical imaging is the mainstay of clinical diagnosis and management. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technology that has revolutionized the field of ophthalmology. Since its introduction, OCT has undergone significant improvements in image quality, speed, and resolution, making it an essential diagnostic tool for various ocular pathologies. OCT has not only improved the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases but has also found applications in other fields of medicine. In this manuscript, we provide a brief overview of the history of OCT, its current uses and diagnostic capabilities to assess the posterior segment of the eye, and the evolution of this technology from time-domain (TD) to spectral-domain (SD) and swept-source (SS). This brief review will also discuss the limitations, advantages, disadvantages, and future perspectives of this technology in the field of ophthalmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefania Marsili
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ehimare Samuel Enaholo
- Centre for Sight Africa, Nkpor, Onitsha 434109, Nigeria
- Africa Eye Laser Centre Ltd., Benin 300102, Nigeria
| | | | - Ngozi Uwagboe
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria
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