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Şerifoğlu N, Lopes-Bastos B, Ferreira MG. Lack of telomerase reduces cancer incidence and increases lifespan of zebrafish tp53 M214K mutants. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5382. [PMID: 38443436 PMCID: PMC10914805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomerase activity is restricted in humans and telomere attrition occurs in several tissues accompanying natural aging. Critically short telomeres trigger DNA damage responses and activate p53 which leads to apoptosis or replicative senescence. These processes reduce cell proliferation and disrupt tissue homeostasis, thus contributing to systemic aging. Similarly, zebrafish have restricted telomerase expression, and telomeres shorten to critical length during their lifespan. Telomerase-deficient zebrafish (tert -/-) is a premature model of aging that anticipates aging phenotypes due to early telomere shortening. tert -/- zebrafish have impaired cell proliferation, accumulation of DNA damage markers and p53 response. These cellular defects lead to disruption of tissue homeostasis, resulting in premature infertility, gastrointestinal atrophy, sarcopenia and kyphosis. Such consequences contribute to its premature death. Here we reveal a genetic interdependence between tp53 and telomerase function. Mutation of tp53 abrogates premature aging of tert -/- zebrafish, prolonging male fertility and lifespan. However, it does not fully rescue healthspan. tp53mut tert -/- zebrafish retain high levels of inflammation and increased spontaneous cancer incidence. Conversely, loss of telomerase prolongs the lifespan of tp53mut single mutants. Lack of telomerase reduces two-fold the cancer incidence in double mutants and increases lifetime survival. Thus, we observe a reciprocal rescue of tp53mut and tert -/- that ameliorates lifespan but not spontaneous cancer incidence of tp53mut, likely due to higher levels of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naz Şerifoğlu
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), UMR7284, INSERM U1081, CNRS, Université Cote d'Azur, 06107, Nice, France
| | - Bruno Lopes-Bastos
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), UMR7284, INSERM U1081, CNRS, Université Cote d'Azur, 06107, Nice, France
| | - Miguel Godinho Ferreira
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), UMR7284, INSERM U1081, CNRS, Université Cote d'Azur, 06107, Nice, France.
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2
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Increased oxidative stress in elderly leprosy patients is related to age but not to bacillary load. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009214. [PMID: 33690671 PMCID: PMC7978340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leprosy continues to be a public health problem in Brazil. Furthermore, detection rates in elderly people have increased, particularly those of multibacillary (L-Lep) patients, who are responsible for transmitting M. leprae. Part of the decline in physiological function during aging is due to increased oxidative damage and change in T cell subpopulations, which are critical in defense against the disease. It is not still clear how age-related changes like those related to oxidation affect elderly people with leprosy. The aim of this work was to verify whether the elderly leprosy patients have higher ROS production and how it can impact the evolution of leprosy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS 87 leprosy patients, grouped according to age range and clinical form of leprosy, and 25 healthy volunteers were analyzed. Gene expression analysis of antioxidant and oxidative burst enzymes were performed in whole blood using Biomark's microfluidic-based qPCR. The same genes were evaluated in skin lesion samples by RT-qPCR. The presence of oxidative damage markers (carbonylated proteins and 4-hydroxynonenal) was analyzed by a DNPH colorimetric assay and immunofluorescence. Carbonylated protein content was significantly higher in elderly compared to young patients. One year after multidrug therapy (MDT) discharge and M. leprae clearance, oxidative damage increased in young L-Lep patients but not in elderly ones. Both elderly T and L-Lep patients present higher 4-HNE in cutaneous lesions than the young, mainly surrounding memory CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, young L-Lep demonstrated greater ability to neutralize ROS compared to elderly L-Lep patients, who presented lower gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, mainly glutathione peroxidase. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that elderly patients present exacerbated oxidative damage both in blood and in skin lesions and that age-related changes can be an important factor in leprosy immunopathogenesis. Ultimately, elderly patients could benefit from co-supplementation of antioxidants concomitant to MDT, to avoid worsening of the disease.
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Mohamad Kamal NS, Safuan S, Shamsuddin S, Foroozandeh P. Aging of the cells: Insight into cellular senescence and detection Methods. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151108. [PMID: 32800277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular theory of aging states that human aging is the result of cellular aging, in which an increasing proportion of cells reach senescence. Senescence, from the Latin word senex, means "growing old," is an irreversible growth arrest which occurs in response to damaging stimuli, such as DNA damage, telomere shortening, telomere dysfunction and oncogenic stress leading to suppression of potentially dysfunctional, transformed, or aged cells. Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest, flattened and enlarged morphology, resistance to apoptosis, alteration in gene expression and chromatin structure, expression of senescence associated- β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and acquisition of senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this review paper, different types of cellular senescence including replicative senescence (RS) which occurs due to telomere shortening and stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) which occurs in response to different types of stress in cells, are discussed. Biomarkers of cellular senescence and senescent assays including BrdU incorporation assay, senescence associated- β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci assays to detect senescent cells are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Shaheera Mohamad Kamal
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Parisa Foroozandeh
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia.
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Comparative Analysis of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells between Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnant Women. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8403192. [PMID: 32587622 PMCID: PMC7298345 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8403192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a syndrome characterized by deterioration of either the maternal condition or the fetal condition. The adverse intrauterine environment made by preeclampsia results into intrauterine growth restriction and increased risk of a variety of diseases in future life. Given the adverse environment of fetal circulation made in the preeclamptic condition, and the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) as a multipotent progenitor cell, we hypothesized that MSCs derived from human umbilical cord blood (hUCB-MSCs) obtained from preeclampsia are adversely altered or affected compared with normal pregnancy. The aim of this study was to analyze the biological characteristics and compare the functional abilities and gene expression patterns of hUCB-MSCs originating from pregnant women with and without severe preeclampsia. hUCB-MSCs were isolated and cultured from 28 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and 30 normal pregnant women. hUCB-MSCs obtained from women with preeclampsia were less proliferative and more senescent and had lower telomerase activity and higher ROS activity than cells from women with normal pregnancy. In addition, many senescence-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by analysis of microarray gene expression profiles and significantly associated with the Gene Ontology term cell aging. In conclusion, hUCB-MSCs obtained from women with preeclampsia showed the poorly proliferative, more senescent, and decreased telomerase activity, and these characters may be related with functional impairment of MSC from preeclampsia compared with cells from normal pregnancy.
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Atkin L, Bućko Z, Montero EC, Cutting K, Moffatt C, Probst A, Romanelli M, Schultz GS, Tettelbach W. Implementing TIMERS: the race against hard-to-heal wounds. J Wound Care 2019; 23:S1-S50. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2019.28.sup3a.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Atkin
- Vascular Nurse Consultant. Mid Yorkshire NHS Trust/University of Huddersfield, England
| | - Zofia Bućko
- Head of Non-Healing Wounds Department, Centrum Medycznym HCP, Poznań, Poland
| | - Elena Conde Montero
- Specialist in Dermatology. Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Keith Cutting
- Clinical Research Consultant, Hertfordshire, Honorary, Tissue Viability Specialist, First Community Health and Care, Surrey, England
| | - Christine Moffatt
- Professor of Clinical Nursing Research, University of Nottingham, and Nurse Consultant, Derby Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Lymphoedema Service, England
| | - Astrid Probst
- Advanced Nurse Practitioner Wound Care, Klinikum am Steinenberg/Ermstalklinik, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Marco Romanelli
- President WUWHS, Associate Professor of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Gregory S Schultz
- Researcher, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, US
| | - William Tettelbach
- Associate Chief Medical Officer, MiMedx, Georgia. Adjunct Assistant Professor, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Medical Director of Wound Care and Infection Prevention, Landmark Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, US
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Abstract
Stem cell aging is a process in which stem cells progressively lose their ability to self-renew or differentiate, succumb to senescence or apoptosis, and eventually become functionally depleted. Unresolved oxidative stress and concomitant oxidative damages of cellular macromolecules including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates have been recognized to contribute to stem cell aging. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species and insufficient cellular antioxidant reserves compromise cell repair and metabolic homeostasis, which serves as a mechanistic switch for a variety of aging-related pathways. Understanding the molecular trigger, regulation, and outcomes of those signaling networks is critical for developing novel therapies for aging-related diseases by targeting stem cell aging. Here we explore the key features of stem cell aging biology, with an emphasis on the roles of oxidative stress in the aging process at the molecular level. As a concept of cytoprotection of stem cells in transplantation, we also discuss how systematic enhancement of endogenous antioxidant capacity before or during graft into tissues can potentially raise the efficacy of clinical therapy. Finally, future directions for elucidating the control of oxidative stress and developing preventive/curative strategies against stem cell aging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingxia Liu
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,2 Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- 3 GMH Institute of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong Medical Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Moon GJ, Cho YH, Kim DH, Sung JH, Son JP, Kim S, Cha JM, Bang OY. Serum-mediated Activation of Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Novel Preconditioning Method. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:485-500. [PMID: 29774769 PMCID: PMC6038038 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718755404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke induces complex and dynamic, local and systemic changes including inflammatory
reactions, immune responses, and repair and recovery processes. Mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) have been shown to enhance neurological recovery after stroke. We hypothesized that
serum factors play a critical role in the activation of bone marrow (BM) MSCs after stroke
such as by increasing proliferation, paracrine effects, and rejuvenation. Human MSCs
(hMSCs) were grown in fetal bovine serum (FBS), normal healthy control serum (NS), or
stroke patient serum (SS). MSCs cultured in growth medium with 10% SS or NS exhibited
higher proliferation indices than those cultured with FBS (P < 0.01).
FBS-, NS-, and SS-hMSCs showed differences in the expression of trophic factors; vascular
endothelial growth factor, glial cell–derived neurotrophic factor, and fibroblast growth
factor were densely expressed in samples cultured with SS (P < 0.01).
In addition, SS-MSCs revealed different cell cycle– or aging-associated messenger RNA
expression in a later passage, and β-galactosidase staining showed the senescence of MSCs
observed during culture expansion was lower in MSCs cultured with SS than those cultured
with NS or FBS (P < 0.01). Several proteins related to the activity of
receptors, growth factors, and cytokines were more prevalent in the serum of stroke
patients than in that of normal subjects. Neurogenesis and angiogenesis were markedly
increased in rats that had received SS-MSCs (P < 0.05), and these rats
showed significant behavioral improvements (P < 0.01). Our results
indicate that stroke induces a process of recovery via the activation of MSCs. Culture
methods for MSCs using SS obtained during the acute phase of a stroke could constitute a
novel MSC activation method that is feasible and efficient for the neurorestoration of
stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Joon Moon
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,2 Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,3 School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Cho
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,4 Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,5 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hee Sung
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,4 Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Pyo Son
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,5 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoon Kim
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,4 Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Min Cha
- 6 Medical Device Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Young Bang
- 1 Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,5 Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,7 Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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8
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Stress, cell senescence and organismal ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 170:2-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Bürkle A. In memoriam Olivier Toussaint – Stress-induced premature senescence and the role of DNA damage. Mech Ageing Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Panda AC, Grammatikakis I, Kim KM, De S, Martindale JL, Munk R, Yang X, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Identification of senescence-associated circular RNAs (SAC-RNAs) reveals senescence suppressor CircPVT1. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:4021-4035. [PMID: 27928058 PMCID: PMC5397146 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), we compared the expression patterns of circular RNAs in proliferating (early-passage) and senescent (late-passage) human diploid WI-38 fibroblasts. Among the differentially expressed senescence-associated circRNAs (which we termed ‘SAC-RNAs’), we identified CircPVT1, generated by circularization of an exon of the PVT1 gene, as a circular RNA showing markedly reduced levels in senescent fibroblasts. Reducing CircPVT1 levels in proliferating fibroblasts triggered senescence, as determined by a rise in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, higher abundance of CDKN1A/P21 and TP53, and reduced cell proliferation. Although several microRNAs were predicted to bind CircPVT1, only let-7 was found enriched after pulldown of endogenous CircPVT1, suggesting that CircPVT1 might selectively modulate let-7 activity and hence expression of let-7-regulated mRNAs. Reporter analysis revealed that CircPVT1 decreased the cellular pool of available let-7, and antagonizing endogenous let-7 triggered cell proliferation. Importantly, silencing CircPVT1 promoted cell senescence and reversed the proliferative phenotype observed after let-7 function was impaired. Consequently, the levels of several proliferative proteins that prevent senescence, such as IGF2BP1, KRAS and HMGA2, encoded by let-7 target mRNAs, were reduced by silencing CircPVT1. Our findings indicate that the SAC-RNA CircPVT1, elevated in dividing cells and reduced in senescent cells, sequesters let-7 to enable a proliferative phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaresh C Panda
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ioannis Grammatikakis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kyoung Mi Kim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Supriyo De
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jennifer L Martindale
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Rachel Munk
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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11
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Cr(VI) induces premature senescence through ROS-mediated p53 pathway in L-02 hepatocytes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34578. [PMID: 27698449 PMCID: PMC5048307 DOI: 10.1038/srep34578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent Chromium [Cr(VI)], which can be found of various uses in industries such as metallurgy and textile dying, can cause a number of human disease including inflammation and cancer. Unlike previous research that focused on Cr(VI)-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis, this study placed emphasis on premature senescence that can be induced by low-dose and long-term Cr(VI) exposure. We found Cr(VI) induced premature senescence in L-02 hepatocytes, as confirmed by increase in senescence associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity. Cr(VI) stabilized p53 through phosphorylation at Ser15 and increased expression of p53-transcriptional target p21. Mechanism study revealed Cr(VI) targeted and inhibited mitochondrial respiratory chain complex (MRCC) I and II to enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. By applying antioxidant Trolox, we also confirmed that ROS mediated p53 activation. A tetracycline-inducible lentiviral expression system containing shRNA to p53 was used to knockout p53. We found p53 could inhibit pro-survival genes B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and S phase related cell cycle proteins cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), Cyclin E to induce premature senescence, and the functional role of ROS in Cr(VI)-induced premature senescence is depend on p53. The results suggest that Cr(VI) has a role in premature senescence by promoting ROS-dependent p53 activation in L-02 hepatocytes.
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12
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Seo HR, Choi MJ, Choi JM, Ko JC, Ko JY, Cho EJ. Malvidin Protects WI-38 Human Fibroblast Cells Against Stress-induced Premature Senescence. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:32-40. [PMID: 27051647 PMCID: PMC4819664 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malvidin is one of the most abundant components in red wines and black rice. The effects of malvidin on aging and lifespan under oxidative stress have not been fully understood. This study focused on the anti-aging effect of malvidin on stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) in WI-38 human lung-derived diploid fibroblasts. Methods: In order to determine the viability of WI-38 cells, MTT assay was conducted, and malondialdehyde level was determined using thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance assay. Protein expression of inflammation-related factors was also evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results: Acute and chronic oxidative stress via hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment led to SIPS in WI-38 cells, which showed decreased cell viability, increased lipid peroxidation, and a shortened lifespan in comparison with non-H2O2-treated WI-38 cells. However, malvidin treatment significantly attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and increasing cell viability. Furthermore, the lifespan of WI-38 cells was prolonged by malvidin treatment. In addition, malvidin downregulated the expression of oxidative stress-related proteins, including NF-κB, COX-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Furthermore, protein expression levels of p53, p21, and Bax were also regulated by malvidin treatment in WI-38 cells undergoing SIPS. Conclusions: Malvidin may potentially inhibit the aging process by controlling oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rin Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ji Myung Choi
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Ko
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jee Yeon Ko
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
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13
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Wood SH, van Dam S, Craig T, Tacutu R, O'Toole A, Merry BJ, de Magalhães JP. Transcriptome analysis in calorie-restricted rats implicates epigenetic and post-translational mechanisms in neuroprotection and aging. Genome Biol 2015; 16:285. [PMID: 26694192 PMCID: PMC4699360 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caloric restriction (CR) can increase longevity in rodents and improve memory function in humans. α-Lipoic acid (LA) has been shown to improve memory function in rats, but not longevity. While studies have looked at survival in rodents after switching from one diet to another, the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of CR and LA supplementation are unknown. Here, we use RNA-seq in cerebral cortex from rats subjected to CR and LA-supplemented rats to understand how changes in diet can affect aging, neurodegeneration and longevity. RESULTS Gene expression changes during aging in ad libitum-fed rats are largely prevented by CR, and neuroprotective genes are overexpressed in response to both CR and LA diets with a strong overlap of differentially expressed genes between the two diets. Moreover, a number of genes are differentially expressed specifically in rat cohorts exhibiting diet-induced life extension. Finally, we observe that LA supplementation inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) protein activity in vitro in rat astrocytes. We find a single microRNA, miR-98-3p, that is overexpressed during CR feeding and LA dietary supplementation; this microRNA alters HDAC and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, which suggests a role for HAT/HDAC homeostasis in neuroprotection. CONCLUSIONS This study presents extensive data on the effects of diet and aging on the cerebral cortex transcriptome, and also emphasises the importance of epigenetics and post-translational modifications in longevity and neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona H Wood
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sipko van Dam
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thomas Craig
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Robi Tacutu
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amy O'Toole
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian J Merry
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - João Pedro de Magalhães
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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14
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Babizhayev MA, Yegorov YE. Tissue formation and tissue engineering through host cell recruitment or a potential injectable cell-based biocomposite with replicative potential: Molecular mechanisms controlling cellular senescence and the involvement of controlled transient telomerase activation therapies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3993-4023. [PMID: 26034007 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Accumulated data indicate that wound-care products should have a composition equivalent to that of the skin: a combination of particular growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins endogenous to the skin, together with viable epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Strategies consisting of bioengineered dressings and cell-based products have emerged for widespread clinical use; however, their performance is not optimal because chronic wounds persist as a serious unmet medical need. Telomerase, the ribonucleoprotein complex that adds telomeric repeats to the ends of chromosomes, is responsible for telomere maintenance, and its expression is associated with cell immortalization and, in certain cases, cancerogenesis. Telomerase contains a catalytic subunit, the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Introduction of TERT into human cells extends both their lifespan and their telomeres to lengths typical of young cells. The regulation of TERT involves transcriptional and posttranscriptional molecular biology mechanisms. The manipulation, regulation of telomerase is multifactorial in mammalian cells, involving overall telomerase gene expression, post-translational protein-protein interactions, and protein phosphorylation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in aging, apoptosis, and necrosis of cells in numerous diseases. Upon production of high levels of ROS from exogenous or endogenous generators, the redox balance is perturbed and cells are shifted into a state of oxidative stress, which subsequently leads to modifications of intracellular proteins and membrane lipid peroxidation and to direct DNA damage. When the oxidative stress is severe, survival of the cell is dependent on the repair or replacement of damaged molecules, which can result in induction of apoptosis in the injured with ROS cells. ROS-mediated oxidative stress induces the depletion of hTERT from the nucleus via export through the nuclear pores. Nuclear export is initiated by ROS-induced phosphorylation of tyrosine 707 within hTERT by the Src kinase family. It might be presumed that protection of mitochondria against oxidative stress is an important telomere length-independent function for telomerase in cell survival. Biotechnology companies are focused on development of therapeutic telomerase vaccines, telomerase inhibitors, and telomerase promoter-driven cell killing in oncology, have a telomerase antagonist in late preclinical studies. Anti-aging medicine-oriented groups have intervened on the market with products working on telomerase activation for a broad range of degenerative diseases in which replicative senescence or telomere dysfunction may play an important role. Since oxidative damage has been shown to shorten telomeres in tissue culture models, the adequate topical, transdermal, or systemic administration of antioxidants (such as, patented ocular administration of 1% N-acetylcarnosine lubricant eye drops in the treatment of cataracts) may be beneficial at preserving telomere lengths and delaying the onset or in treatment of disease in susceptible individuals. Therapeutic strategies toward controlled transient activation of telomerase are targeted to cells and replicative potential in cell-based therapies, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Babizhayev
- Innovative Vision Products, Inc., 3511 Silverside Road, Suite 105, County of New Castle, Delaware, 19810
| | - Yegor E Yegorov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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15
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Saade E, Pirozhkova I, Aimbetov R, Lipinski M, Ogryzko V. Molecular turnover, the H3.3 dilemma and organismal aging (hypothesis). Aging Cell 2015; 14:322-33. [PMID: 25720734 PMCID: PMC4406661 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The H3.3 histone variant has been a subject of increasing interest in the field of chromatin studies due to its two distinguishing features. First, its incorporation into chromatin is replication independent unlike the replication-coupled deposition of its canonical counterparts H3.1/2. Second, H3.3 has been consistently associated with an active state of chromatin. In accordance, this histone variant should be expected to be causally involved in the regulation of gene expression, or more generally, its incorporation should have downstream consequences for the structure and function of chromatin. This, however, leads to an apparent paradox: In cells that slowly replicate in the organism, H3.3 will accumulate with time, opening the way to aberrant effects on heterochromatin. Here, we review the indications that H3.3 is expected both to be incorporated in the heterochromatin of slowly replicating cells and to retain its functional downstream effects. Implications for organismal aging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Saade
- Faculty of Public Health Lebanese University LU Beirut Lebanon
| | - Iryna Pirozhkova
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| | - Rakhan Aimbetov
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| | - Marc Lipinski
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| | - Vasily Ogryzko
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
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16
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Yaswen P, MacKenzie KL, Keith WN, Hentosh P, Rodier F, Zhu J, Firestone GL, Matheu A, Carnero A, Bilsland A, Sundin T, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Amin A, Helferich B, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Niccolai E, Aquilano K, Ashraf SS, Nowsheen S, Yang X. Therapeutic targeting of replicative immortality. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S104-S128. [PMID: 25869441 PMCID: PMC4600408 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of malignant cell populations is the ability to undergo continuous proliferation. This property allows clonal lineages to acquire sequential aberrations that can fuel increasingly autonomous growth, invasiveness, and therapeutic resistance. Innate cellular mechanisms have evolved to regulate replicative potential as a hedge against malignant progression. When activated in the absence of normal terminal differentiation cues, these mechanisms can result in a state of persistent cytostasis. This state, termed “senescence,” can be triggered by intrinsic cellular processes such as telomere dysfunction and oncogene expression, and by exogenous factors such as DNA damaging agents or oxidative environments. Despite differences in upstream signaling, senescence often involves convergent interdependent activation of tumor suppressors p53 and p16/pRB, but can be induced, albeit with reduced sensitivity, when these suppressors are compromised. Doses of conventional genotoxic drugs required to achieve cancer cell senescence are often much lower than doses required to achieve outright cell death. Additional therapies, such as those targeting cyclin dependent kinases or components of the PI3K signaling pathway, may induce senescence specifically in cancer cells by circumventing defects in tumor suppressor pathways or exploiting cancer cells’ heightened requirements for telomerase. Such treatments sufficient to induce cancer cell senescence could provide increased patient survival with fewer and less severe side effects than conventional cytotoxic regimens. This positive aspect is countered by important caveats regarding senescence reversibility, genomic instability, and paracrine effects that may increase heterogeneity and adaptive resistance of surviving cancer cells. Nevertheless, agents that effectively disrupt replicative immortality will likely be valuable components of new combinatorial approaches to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Yaswen
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Karen L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | | | | | - Jiyue Zhu
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA, United States.
| | | | | | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, HUVR, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universdad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amr Amin
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bill Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | | | - Gunjan Guha
- SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Asfar S Azmi
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - S Salman Ashraf
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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17
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Zinc finger protein 637 protects cells against oxidative stress-induced premature senescence by mTERT-mediated telomerase activity and telomere maintenance. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1334. [PMID: 25032857 PMCID: PMC4123090 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to be an important inducer of cellular senescence and aging. Zinc finger protein 637 (Zfp637), which belongs to the Krüppel-like protein family, has been hypothesized to play a role in oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the precise function of Zfp637 has seldom been reported, and it remains unclear whether Zfp637 is involved in oxidative stress-induced premature senescence. In this study, we show that the endogenous expression levels of Zfp637 and mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTERT) are downregulated during oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and in senescent tissues from naturally aged mice. The overexpression of Zfp637 markedly increases mTERT expression and telomerase activity, maintains telomere length, and inhibits both H2O2 and D-galactose-induced senescence accompanied by a reduction in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, the knockdown of Zfp637 significantly aggravates cellular senescence by downregulating mTERT and telomerase activity, accelerating telomere shortening, and increasing ROS accumulation. In addition, the protective effect of Zfp637 against premature senescence is abrogated in the absence of mTERT. We further confirm that Zfp637 binds to and transactivates the mTERT promoter (−535/−502) specifically. As a result, the mTERT-mediated telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are responsible for the protective effect of Zfp637 against oxidative stress-induced senescence. We therefore propose that Zfp637 prevents oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in an mTERT-dependent manner, and these results provide a new foundation for the investigation of cellular senescence and aging.
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18
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Alili L, Diekmann J, Giesen M, Holtkötter O, Brenneisen P. A drug-induced accelerated senescence (DIAS) is a possibility to study aging in time lapse. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9658. [PMID: 24833306 PMCID: PMC4082584 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the oxidative stress (or free radical) theory of aging is the most popular explanation of how aging occurs at the molecular level. Accordingly, a stress-induced senescence-like phenotype of human dermal fibroblasts can be induced in vitro by the exposure of human diploid fibroblasts to subcytotoxic concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. However, several biomarkers of replicative senescence e.g. cell cycle arrest and enlarged morphology are abrogated 14 days after treatment, indicating that reactive oxygen species (ROS) rather acts as a trigger for short-term senescence (1-3 days) than being responsible for the maintenance of the senescence-like phenotype. Further, DNA-damaging factors are discussed resulting in a permanent senescent cell type. To induce long-term premature senescence and to understand the molecular alterations occurring during the aging process, we analyzed mitomycin C (MMC) as an alkylating DNA-damaging agent and ROS producer. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), used as model for skin aging, were exposed to non-cytotoxic concentrations of MMC and analyzed for potential markers of cellular aging, for example enlarged morphology, activity of senescence-associated-ß-galactosidase, cell cycle arrest, increased ROS production and MMP1-activity, which are well-documented for HDF in replicative senescence. Our data show that mitomycin C treatment results in a drug-induced accelerated senescence (DIAS) with long-term expression of senescence markers, demonstrating that a combination of different susceptibility factors, here ROS and DNA alkylation, are necessary to induce a permanent senescent cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirija Alili
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany,
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19
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Gillet JP, de Longueville F, Remacle J. DualChip®microarray as a new tool in cancer research. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 6:295-306. [PMID: 16706734 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.6.3.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 5 years, the emergence of gene expression profiling using high-density DNA microarrays led to a better understanding of tumor development and identified new prognostic markers. However, high-density microarrays failed to leap from the researcher's bench to the clinical practice due to their cost, data management and lack of standardization. DualChip low-density DNA microarrays were developed as a new flexible tool that is able to reliably quantify the expression of a limited number of genes of clinical relevance. This review will illustrate how DualChip technology can be applied to tumor diagnosis and tumor-acquired drug resistance.
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20
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Zhou H, Huang B, Han Y, Jin R, Chen S. Probucol inhibits JAK2−STAT pathway activation and protects human glomerular mesangial cells from tert-butyl hydroperoxide induced premature senescence. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:671-9. [PMID: 23984931 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human mesangial cells (HMCs) have a finite lifespan and eventually enter irreversible growth arrest known as cellular senescence, which is thought to contribute to kidney ageing and age-related kidney disorders such as chronic kidney disease. The JAK2−STAT pathway plays a pivotal role in transmitting cytokine signals, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, but whether it could regulate HMC senescence still remains to be explored. In our study, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced cells accelerated HMC senescence, as judged by increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase stained positive cells, morphological changes, and G0−G1 cell cycle arrest. STAT1 and STAT3 activity were increased in tBHP-induced cells. After tBHP treatment, Bcl-2 protein expression decreased and Bax protein expression increased. Blocking the JAK2−STAT pathway with AG490 and using probucol significantly inhibited the progression of HMC senescence. Bax protein expression decreased, but Bcl-2 protein expression increased after AG490 and probucol treatment. Our results indicated that the JAK2−STAT pathway might mediate tBHP-induced HMC senescence through the Bcl-2−Bax pathway, and that probucol could attenuate HMC senescence by regulating STATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, No. 2, Section 5, RenMin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province 121001, P. R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, No. 2, Section 5, RenMin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province 121001, P. R. China
| | - Yarong Han
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, No. 2, Section 5, RenMin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province 121001, P. R. China
| | - Ruixia Jin
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, No. 2, Section 5, RenMin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province 121001, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, No. 2, Section 5, RenMin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province 121001, P. R. China
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21
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Aan GJ, Hairi HA, Makpol S, Rahman MA, Karsani SA. Differences in protein changes between stress-induced premature senescence and replicative senescence states. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2209-17. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Goon Jo Aan
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
| | - Haryati Ahmad Hairi
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
| | - Mariati Abdul Rahman
- Department of Clinical Oral Biology; Faculty of Dentistry; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR); University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
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22
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Jong HL, Mustafa MR, Vanhoutte PM, AbuBakar S, Wong PF. MicroRNA 299-3p modulates replicative senescence in endothelial cells. Physiol Genomics 2013; 45:256-67. [PMID: 23362143 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00071.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate various cellular processes. While several genes associated with replicative senescence have been described in endothelial cells, miRNAs that regulate these genes remain largely unknown. The present study was designed to identify miRNAs associated with replicative senescence and their target genes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). An integrated miRNA and gene profiling approach revealed that hsa-miR-299-3p is upregulated in senescent HUVECs compared with the young cells, and one of its target genes could be IGF1. IGF1 was upregulated in senescent compared with young HUVECs, and knockdown of hsa-miR-299-3p dose-dependently increased the mRNA expression of IGF1, more significantly observed in the presenescent cells (passage 19) compared with the senescent cells (passage 25). Knockdown of hsa-miR-299-3p also resulted in significant reduction in the percentage of cells positively stained for senescence-associated β-galactosidase and increases in cell viability measured by MTT assay but marginal increases in cell proliferation and cell migration capacity measured by real-time growth kinetics analysis. Moreover, knockdown of hsa-miR-299-3p also increased proliferation of cells treated with H2O2 to induce senescence. These findings suggest that hsa-miR-299-3p may delay or protect against replicative senescence by improving the metabolic activity of the senesced cells but does not stimulate growth of the remaining cells in senescent cultures. Hence, these findings provide an early insight into the role of hsa-miR-299-3p in the modulation of replicative senescence in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lan Jong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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23
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is a tumor suppression mechanism that evolved to limit duplication in somatic cells. Senescence is imposed by natural replicative boundaries or stress-induced signals, such as oncogenic transformation. Neoplastic cells can be forced to undergo senescence through genetic manipulations and epigenetic factors, including anticancer drugs, radiation, and differentiating agents. Senescent cells show distinct phenotypic and molecular characteristics, both in vitro or in vivo. These biomarkers might either cause or result from senescence induction, but could also be the byproducts of physiological changes in these non-replicating cells.
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Höhn A, Sittig A, Jung T, Grimm S, Grune T. Lipofuscin is formed independently of macroautophagy and lysosomal activity in stress-induced prematurely senescent human fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:1760-9. [PMID: 22982048 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the current literature, the lysosomal system is considered to be involved in the intracellular formation and accumulation of lipofuscin, a highly oxidized and covalently cross-linked aggregate of proteins that fills the lysosomal volume during aging. In contrast, our experimental results presented here suggest that both the autophagosomes and the lysosomal system are not mandatory for the formation of lipofuscin, since that material accumulates in the cytosolic volume if autophagy or lysosomal activity is inhibited. However, such an inhibition is accompanied by an enhanced toxicity of the formed protein aggregates. Furthermore, it could be proven that macroautophagy is responsible for the uptake of lipofuscin into the lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Höhn
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
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25
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Maeda T, Guan JZ, Koyanagi M, Makino N. Telomerase activity and telomere length distribution in vascular endothelial cells in a short-term culture under the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 13:774-82. [PMID: 22985061 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2012.00936.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to assess the biological effects of oxidative stress on human vascular endothelial cells. METHODS The telomeric changes and the alterations of the expression of telomere-associated proteins in human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) were analyzed. RESULTS During the culture, the cell growth rate decreased, whereas the telomerase activity of the surviving cells increased. As the H2 O2 level increased, long telomeres decreased proportionally, thus resulting in a telomere length distribution that was rich in short telomeres. These observations suggested that H2 O2 -affected endothelial cells bear telomeric features similar to those of aged cells. In contrast, the expression of telomere-associated proteins, TRF1 and TRF2, showed different changes. TRF1 increased in relation to H2 O2 concentration, whereas TRF2 showed no significant change. The surviving cells exposed to H2 O2 showed a H2 O2 -dose dependent increase in telomerase activity, whereas the telomere protein and RNA components were only elevated in low concentrations of H2 O2 . CONCLUSIONS The increase in telomerase activity and TRF1 protein expression of vascular endothelial cell might show an aspect of cellular protective reaction against oxygen stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoki Maeda
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Geriatric Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita, Japan.
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27
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Ginkgo biloba extract EGB761 protects against aging-associated diastolic dysfunction in cardiomyocytes of D-galactose-induced aging rat. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:418748. [PMID: 22693651 PMCID: PMC3368694 DOI: 10.1155/2012/418748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to make use of the artificially induced aging model cardiomyocytes to further investigate potential anti-aging-associated cellular diastolic dysfunction effects of EGB761 and explore underlying molecular mechanisms. Cultured rat primary cardiomyocytes were treated with either D-galactose or D-galactose combined with EGB761 for 48 h. After treatment, the percentage of cells positive for SA-β-gal, AGEs production, cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (SERCA) activity, the myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake, and relative protein levels were measured. Our results demonstrated that in vitro stimulation with D-galactose induced AGEs production. The addition of EGB761 significantly decreased the number of cells positive for SA-β-gal. Furthermore, decreased diastolic [Ca2+]i, curtailment of the time from the maximum concentration of Ca2+ to the baseline level and increased reuptake of Ca2+ stores in the SR were also observed. In addition, the level of p-Ser16-PLN protein as well as SERCA was markedly increased. The study indicated that EGb761 alleviates formation of AGEs products on SERCA2a in order to mitigate myocardial stiffness on one hand; on other hand, improve SERCA2a function through increase the amount of Ser16 sites PLN phosphorylation, which two hands finally led to ameliorate diastolic dysfunction of aging cardiomyocytes.
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28
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Xiao F, Hu Q, Zeng M, Guan L, Liu X, Yang Y, Zhong C. WITHDRAWN: Hexavalent chromium induces premature senescence through reactive oxygen species-mediated p53 pathway in L-02 hepatocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012:S0006-291X(12)00693-6. [PMID: 22521640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
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29
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Replicative aging down-regulates the myogenic regulatory factors in human myoblasts. Biol Cell 2012; 100:189-99. [DOI: 10.1042/bc20070085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Macieira-Coelho A. Cell division and aging of the organism. Biogerontology 2011; 12:503-15. [PMID: 21732041 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-011-9346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to regenerate cell compartments through cell proliferation is an important characteristic of many developed metazoan tissues. Pre- and post-natal development proceeds through the modifications occurring during cell division. Experiments with cultivated cells showed that cell proliferation originates changes in cell functions and coordinations that contribute to aging and senescence. The implications of the finite cell proliferation to aging of the organism is not the accumulation of cells at the end of their life cycle, but rather the drift in cell function created by cell division. Comparative gerontology shows that the regulation of the length of telomeres has no implications for aging. On the other hand there are interspecies differences in regard to the somatic cell division potential that seem to be related with the "plasticity" of the genome and with longevity, which should be viewed independently of the aging phenomenon. Telomeres may play a role in this plasticity through the regulation of chromosome recombination, and via the latter also in development.
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31
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Kong Y, Cui H, Ramkumar C, Zhang H. Regulation of senescence in cancer and aging. J Aging Res 2011; 2011:963172. [PMID: 21423549 PMCID: PMC3056284 DOI: 10.4061/2011/963172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is regarded as a physiological response of cells to stress, including telomere dysfunction, aberrant oncogenic activation, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. This stress response has an antagonistically pleiotropic effect to organisms: beneficial as a tumor suppressor, but detrimental by contributing to aging. The emergence of senescence as an effective tumor suppression mechanism is highlighted by recent demonstration that senescence prevents proliferation of cells at risk of neoplastic transformation. Consequently, induction of senescence is recognized as a potential treatment of cancer. Substantial evidence also suggests that senescence plays an important role in aging, particularly in aging of stem cells. In this paper, we will discuss the molecular regulation of senescence its role in cancer and aging. The potential utility of senescence in cancer therapeutics will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Kong
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, S7-125, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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Jorge ATS, Arroteia KF, Lago JC, de Sá-Rocha VM, Gesztesi J, Moreira PL. A new potent natural antioxidant mixture provides global protection against oxidative skin cell damage. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 33:113-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00595.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Satoh A, Yokozawa T, Kim YA, Cho EJ, Okamoto T, Sei Y. The mechanisms underlying the anti-aging activity of the Chinese prescription Kangen-karyu in hydrogen peroxide-induced human fibroblasts. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2005.tb01609.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Our previous study showed that Kangen-karyu extract protected against cellular senescence by reducing oxidative damage through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation and regulation of the antioxidative status. Although these findings suggest that Kangen-karyu could delay the aging process, the mechanisms responsible for protection against aging have rarely been elucidated. Therefore, this study was focussed on the mechanisms responsible for the anti-aging activity of Kangen-karyu extract using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced human diploid fibroblasts, a well-established experimental model of cellular aging. Kangen-karyu extract exerted a protective effect against the morphological changes induced by H2O2 treatment and inhibited senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. In addition, the beneficial effects of Kangen-karyu extract on cell viability and lifespan indicated that Kangen-karyu extract could delay the cellular aging process. The observation that Kangen-karyu extract prevented nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) translocation in response to oxidative stress suggested that Kangen-karyu exerted its anti-aging effect through NF-κB modulation and prevention of H2O2-induced overexpression of haem oxygenase-1 protein. Moreover, pretreatment with Kangen-karyu extract reduced overexpression of bax protein and prevented the mitochondrial membrane potential decline, suggesting that Kangen-karyu extract may protect mitochondria from mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction. These findings indicate that Kangen-karyu is a promising potential anti-aging agent that may delay, or normalize, the aging process by virtue of its protective activity against oxidative stress-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Satoh
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takako Yokozawa
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Young Ae Kim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, South Korea
| | - Takuya Okamoto
- Iskra Industry Co., Ltd., 1-14-2 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sei
- Iskra Industry Co., Ltd., 1-14-2 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
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Burton DGA, Allen MC, Bird JLE, Faragher RGA. Bridging the gap: ageing, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 57:671-9. [PMID: 15969921 DOI: 10.1211/0022357056163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in elderly patients generally result in an increase in the incidence of drug toxicity and adverse drug reactions. Molecular alterations associated with ageing could bring about biological changes, a consequence of which is an altered response to pharmacological agents. Unfortunately, research in this area has yet to progress beyond the cataloguing of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes observed in the elderly. Therefore, real progress in our understanding of pharmacogerontology could be achieved if it were possible to merge pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with recent advances in our understanding of the causal processes bringing about ageing changes at the cellular level. Therefore, this review will focus on the mechanisms of ageing in the hope that the information will be of value to those planning independent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick G A Burton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
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35
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Debacq-Chainiaux F, Boilan E, Dedessus Le Moutier J, Weemaels G, Toussaint O. p38(MAPK) in the senescence of human and murine fibroblasts. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 694:126-37. [PMID: 20886761 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7002-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic and environmental stresses, such as reactive oxygen species, UV radiation etc, can induce premature cellular senescence without critical telomere shortening. The role of the Ras/Raf/ERK signal transduction cascade in this process has been previously established, but recent evidence also indicates a critical role of the p38 MAP kinases pathway. Oncogenic and environmental stresses impinge upon the p38(MAPK) pathway, suggesting a major role of this pathway in senescence induced by stresses. Prematurely senescent cells are most likely to appear in several age-relatedpathologies associated with a stressful environment and/or the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- University of Namur, Research Unit on Cellular Biology, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, Namur B-5000, Belgium.
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36
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Maes OC, Sarojini H, Wang E. Stepwise up-regulation of microRNA expression levels from replicating to reversible and irreversible growth arrest states in WI-38 human fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 2009; 221:109-19. [PMID: 19475566 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate diverse genetic expression networks through their control of mRNA stability or translation. Their role in aging mechanisms has been proposed in various model systems. In this report, the expression profiling of 462 human miRNAs in the reversible growth arrest state of quiescence, and irreversible states of replicative senescence and hydrogen peroxide-induced premature senescence, are compared to young replicating lung fibroblasts. Greater numbers of up-regulated than down-regulated miRNAs are observed when cells stop proliferating, particularly in premature senescence, somewhat less in replicative senescence, and less still in quiescence. Several altered miRNA expressions are shared by the three growth arrest states, including the up-regulation of miR-34a, -624, -638 and miR-377, and the down-regulation of miR-365 and miR-512-5p. miRNAs up-regulated in both permanent growth arrest states but not in quiescence include let-7g, miR-26a, -136, -144, -195 and miR-200b. In each of the growth arrest states, miR-34a and let-7f have the most robust up-regulation in H(2)O(2)-induced premature senescence, followed by miR-638 and miR-663 in replicative senescence, and finally, miR-331-3p and miR-595 in quiescence. Our comprehensive evaluation of miRNA target correlations with known biomarkers for replicative senescence suggests that miRNAs may repress pathways controlling not only cell cycle traverse and proliferation, but also insulin-like signaling, DNA repair and apoptosis, all of which are cellular functions deficient in senescent human fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier C Maes
- Gheens Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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37
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Cancers and the concept of cell senescence. Biogerontology 2009; 11:211-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-009-9241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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38
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p53 and ATF-2 partly mediate the overexpression of COX-2 in H2O2-induced premature senescence of human fibroblasts. Biogerontology 2008; 10:291-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-008-9204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Studebaker AW, Storci G, Werbeck JL, Sansone P, Sasser AK, Tavolari S, Huang T, Chan MW, Marini FC, Rosol TJ, Bonafé M, Hall BM. Fibroblasts Isolated from Common Sites of Breast Cancer Metastasis Enhance Cancer Cell Growth Rates and Invasiveness in an Interleukin-6–Dependent Manner. Cancer Res 2008; 68:9087-95. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Gruber HE, Hoelscher GL, Ingram JA, Bethea S, Hanley EN. IGF-1 rescues human intervertebral annulus cells from in vitro stress-induced premature senescence. Growth Factors 2008; 26:220-5. [PMID: 19021034 DOI: 10.1080/08977190802273814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aging human intervertebral disc contains a sizeable population of senescent cells. Since senescent cells cannot divide, senescence reduces the disc's ability to generate new cells to replace existing ones lost to necrosis or apoptosis. The objectives of the present work were: (1) to develop a reliable in vitro model for stress-induced premature senescence in human annulus cells, and (2) to investigate the potential for insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to prevent or ameliorate senescence in vitro. The developed experimental model employs a 2 h exposure to 50 microM hydrogen peroxide; immunocytochemical localization of senescence associated-beta-galactosidase at pH 6.0 was used as the marker for senescent cells, and the percentage of senescent cells quantified after 3 days of culture. Nine sets of annulus cells were obtained from eight human surgical disc specimens; cells were tested with 0, 50, 100 or 500 ng/ml IGF-1. Although 50 or 100 ng/ml IGF-1 did not significantly alter the percentage of senescent cells, a significant reduction was present following exposure to 500 ng/ml IGF-1 (control, 56.3% +/- 8.5 (9); mean +/- SEM, (n) vs. treated, 39.6% +/- 6.6 (9), p = 0.0009). These novel findings point to the value of continued research towards development of future biologic therapies designed to reduce cell senescence in degenerating human discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Gruber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, NC 28232, USA.
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41
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Genomic and proteomic profiling of oxidative stress response in human diploid fibroblasts. Biogerontology 2008; 10:125-51. [PMID: 18654835 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-008-9157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A number of lines of evidence suggest that senescence of normal human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) in culture is relevant to the process of aging in vivo. Using normal human skin diploid fibroblasts, we examine the changes in genes and proteins following treatment with a mild dose of H2O2, which induces premature senescence. Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology (MudPIT) in combination with mass spectrometry analyses of whole cell lysates from HDFs detected 65 proteins in control group, 48 proteins in H2O2-treated cells and 109 proteins common in both groups. In contrast, cDNA microarray analyses show 173 genes up-regulated and 179 genes down-regulated upon H2O2 treatment. Both MudPIT and cDNA microarray analyses indicate that H2O2 treatment caused elevated levels of thioredoxin reductase 1. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western-blot were able to verify the finding. Out of a large number of genes or proteins detected, only a small fraction shows the overlap between the outcomes of microarray versus proteomics. The low overlap suggests the importance of considering proteins instead of transcripts when investigating the gene expression profile altered by oxidative stress.
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42
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Debacq-Chainiaux F, Pascal T, Boilan E, Bastin C, Bauwens E, Toussaint O. Screening of senescence-associated genes with specific DNA array reveals the role of IGFBP-3 in premature senescence of human diploid fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44:1817-32. [PMID: 18329388 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 12/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Repeated exposures to sublethal concentrations of tert-butylhydroperoxide and ethanol trigger premature senescence of WI-38 human diploid fibroblasts. We found 16 replicative senescence-related genes with similar alterations in expression level in replicative senescence and two models of stress-induced premature senescence. Among these genes was IGFBP-3. Using a siRNA approach, we showed that IGFBP-3 regulates the appearance of several biomarkers of senescence after repeated exposures of WI-38 fibroblasts to tert-butylhydroperoxide and ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- Unit of Research on Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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43
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Glotin AL, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Brossas JY, Faussat AM, Tréton J, Zubielewicz A, Toussaint O, Mascarelli F. Prematurely senescent ARPE-19 cells display features of age-related macular degeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44:1348-61. [PMID: 18226607 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, remains poorly understood, but may be related to cumulative oxidative stress. The prime target of the disease is the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). To study the molecular mechanisms underlying RPE degeneration, we investigated whether repetitive oxidative stress induced premature senescence in RPE cells from the human ARPE-19 cell line. After exposure to 8 mM tert-butylhydroperoxide (tert-BHP) for 1 h daily for 5 days, the cells showed four well-known senescence biomarkers: hypertrophy, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, growth arrest, and cell cycle arrest in G1. A specific low-density array followed by qRT-PCR validation allowed us to identify 36 senescence-associated genes differentially expressed in the prematurely senescent cells. Functional analysis demonstrated that premature senescence induced amyloid beta secretion, resistance to acute stress by tert-BHP and amyloid beta, and defects in adhesion and transepithelial permeability. Coculture assays with choroidal endothelial cells showed the proangiogenic properties of the senescent RPE cells. These results demonstrate that chronic oxidative stress induces premature senescence in RPE cells that modifies the transcriptome and substantially alters cell processes involved in the pathophysiology of AMD. Oxidative stress-induced premature senescence may represent an in vitro model for screening therapeutics against AMD and other retinal degeneration disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lise Glotin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 872, Paris F-75006, France
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44
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Maejima Y, Adachi S, Ito H, Hirao K, Isobe M. Induction of premature senescence in cardiomyocytes by doxorubicin as a novel mechanism of myocardial damage. Aging Cell 2008; 7:125-36. [PMID: 18031568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2007.00358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an important phenomenon in decreased cellular function. Recently, it was shown that cellular senescence is induced in proliferating cells within a short period of time by oxidative stresses. This phenomenon is known as premature senescence. However, it is still unknown whether premature senescence can be also induced in cardiomyocytes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a senescence-like phenotype can be induced in cardiomyocytes by oxidative stress. In cardiomyocytes obtained from aged rats (24 months of age), the staining for senescence-associated beta-galactosidase increased significantly and the protein or RNA levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors increased compared to those of young rats. Decreased cardiac troponin I phosphorylation and telomerase activity were also observed in aged cardiomyocytes. Treatment of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with a low concentration of doxorubicin (DOX) (10(-7) mol L(-1)) did not induce apoptosis but did induce oxidative stress, which was confirmed by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. In DOX-treated neonatal cardiomyocytes, increased positive staining for senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, cdk-I expression, decreased cardiac troponin I phosphorylation, and decreased telomerase activity were observed, as aged cardiomyocytes. Alterations in mRNA expression typically seen in aged cells were observed in DOX-treated neonatal cardiomyocytes. We also found that promyelocytic leukemia protein and acetylated p53, key proteins involved in stress-induced premature senescence in proliferating cells, were associated with cellular alterations of senescence in DOX-treated cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, cardiomyocytes treated with DOX showed characteristic changes similar to cardiomyocytes of aged rats. promyelocytic leukemia-related p53 acetylation may be an underlying mechanism of senescence-like alterations in cardiomyocytes. These findings indicate a novel mechanism of myocardial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Maejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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45
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Borlon C, Weemaels G, Godard P, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Lemaire P, Deroanne C, Toussaint O. Expression profiling of senescent-associated genes in human dermis from young and old donors. Proof-of-concept study. Biogerontology 2008; 9:197-208. [PMID: 18270802 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-008-9127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is often described that it is difficult to really discriminate the cause of intrinsic skin aging. The aim of this study was to compare the profiles of expression of senescence-associated genes in biopsies of dermis from young and old human donors. TGF-beta1 was up-regulated in the dermis of old donors as well as the TGF-beta1-regulated genes. The anti-oxidant enzymes Selenium-dependent Glutathione peroxidase and Glutatione S-Transferase Theta 1 were also up-regulated in old dermis as well as Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily 1A. None of these genes had altered expression level in skin fibroblasts embedded in a collagen matrix and exposed to sublethal doses of UVB, suggesting their involvement in intrinsic aging. This study represents a proof-of-concept of larger whole transcriptome studies where all avenues should be used to subtract changes in gene expression due to extrinsic aging from changes potentially due to intrinsic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Borlon
- Research Unit on Cellular Biology (URBC), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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46
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The usefulness of toxicogenomics for predicting acute skin irritation on in vitro reconstructed human epidermis. Toxicology 2007; 241:157-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2007] [Revised: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Borlon C, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Hinrichs C, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Toussaint O, Wlaschek M. The gene expression profile of psoralen plus UVA-induced premature senescence in skin fibroblasts resembles a combined DNA-damage and stress-induced cellular senescence response phenotype. Exp Gerontol 2007; 42:911-23. [PMID: 17574363 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
After a finite number of population doublings, normal human cells undergo replicative senescence accompanied by growth arrest. We previously described a model of stress-induced premature senescence by treatment of dermal fibroblasts with psoralen plus UVA, a common photodermatological therapy. Psoralen photoactivation has long been used as a therapy for hyperproliferative skin disorders. The repetitive therapeutical treatment is accompanied by premature aging of the skin. Treatment of fibroblasts in vitro with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and subsequent ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation results in growth arrest with morphological and functional changes reminiscent of replicative senescence. For gene expression profiling in two strains of human skin fibroblasts after PUVA treatment, we used a low-density DNA array representing 240 genes involved in senescence and stress response. Twenty-nine genes were differentially expressed after PUVA treatment in the two strains of human skin fibroblasts. These genes are involved in growth arrest, stress response, modification of the extracellular matrix and senescence. This study contributes further to the elucidation of the PUVA model and its validation as a useful stress-induced premature senescence model aiming to characterize the premature senescence of fibroblasts and to identify biomarkers that could be applied in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Borlon
- Research Unit on Cellular Biology (URBC), Department of Biology, University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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48
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Zdanov S, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Toussaint O. Knocking down p53 with siRNA does not affect the overexpression of p21WAF-1 after exposure of IMR-90 hTERT fibroblasts to a sublethal concentration of H2O2 leading to premature senescence. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1100:316-22. [PMID: 17460194 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1395.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Premature senescence of IMR-90 human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) expressing telomerase was induced by exposure to sublethal concentration of H(2)O(2), with appearance of several biomarkers of cellular senescence like enlarged cell shape, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA ss-gal) activity, and cell cycle arrest. The induction of stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) was associated with a transient increase in DNA-binding activity of p53 and an increased expression of p21(WAF-1). p53 small interferent RNA (siRNA) affected the basal level of p21(WAF-1) mRNA but did not affect the overexpression of p21(WAF-1) after stress. This siRNA approach confirms previous results obtained with other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zdanov
- Research Unit on Cellular Biology (URBC), University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles, 61 B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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49
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Coates SSA, Lehnert BE, Sharma S, Kindell SM, Gary RK. Beryllium induces premature senescence in human fibroblasts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 322:70-9. [PMID: 17395767 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.118018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
After cells have completed a sufficient number of cell divisions, they exit the cell cycle and enter replicative senescence. Here, we report that beryllium causes proliferation arrest with premature expression of the principal markers of senescence. After young presenescent human fibroblasts were treated with 3 microM BeSO(4) for 24 h, p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor mRNA increased by >200%. Longer periods of exposure caused mRNA and protein levels to increase for both p21 and p16(Ink4a), a senescence regulator that prevents pRb-mediated cell cycle progression. BeSO(4) also caused dose-dependent induction of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity (SA-beta-gal). Untreated cells had 48 relative fluorescence units (RFU)/microg/h of SA-beta-gal, whereas 3 microM BeSO(4) caused activity to increase to 84 RFU/microg/h. In chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, BeSO(4) caused p53 protein to associate with its DNA binding site in the promoter region of the p21 gene, indicating that p53 transcriptional activity is responsible for the large increase in p21 mRNA elicited by beryllium. Forced expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) rendered HFL-1 cells incapable of normal replicative senescence. However, there was no difference in the responsiveness of normal HFL-1 fibroblasts (IC(50) = 1.9 microM) and hTERT-immortalized cells (IC(50) = 1.7 microM) to BeSO(4) in a 9-day proliferation assay. The effects of beryllium resemble those of histone deacetylase-inhibiting drugs, which also cause large increases in p21. However, beryllium produced no changes in histone acetylation, suggesting that Be(2+) acts as a novel and potent pharmacological inducer of premature senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon S A Coates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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50
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Pascal T, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Boilan E, Ninane N, Raes M, Toussaint O. Heme oxygenase-1 and interleukin-11 are overexpressed in stress-induced premature senescence of human WI-38 fibroblasts induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide and ethanol. Biogerontology 2007; 8:409-22. [PMID: 17295091 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-007-9084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute repeated exposures to subcytotoxic concentrations of tert-butylhydroperoxide and ethanol trigger premature senescence of human diploid fibroblasts. In the present work we found an increased mRNA and protein level of interleukin-11 and heme oxygenase-1 in premature senescence of WI-38 human diploid foetal lung fibroblasts induced by both tert-butylhydroperoxide and ethanol. We tested whether interleukin-11 and heme oxygenase-1 could protect against tert-butylhydroperoxide- or ethanol-induced premature senescence when stable overexpression was established using a retroviral vector-based transduction. No protective effect was found against the decrease of the proliferative potential, the increase of the proportion of senescence-associated ss-galactosidase positive cells and the increase of the mRNA levels of six senescence-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Pascal
- Unit of Research on Cellular Biology (URBC), Department of Biology, University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
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