1
|
Gao H, Zhou Y, Jin PS, Wu DG, Wang YN, Zhao X, Zhao B. Molecular alteration of the proteasome contributes to AD-like pathology in the brain of HFD-STZ diabetic rats. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 38:1013-1024. [PMID: 36580191 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-related cognitive impairment has been shown in diverse epidemiological investigations and lab-based studies, although the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Unbalanced protein homeostasis may contribute to cognitive decline by inducing abnormal protein aggregation in the diabetic brain. This study aimed to determine possible changes in the proteasome, which is an important pathway involved in abnormal protein degradation. To this end, we examined potential alterations of proteasomal subunits and hydrolytic activity in the brain of diabetic rats fed with high-fat diet combined with small doses of streptozotocin (STZ). Furthermore, lactacystin were used to inhibit proteasomal activity in vivo and typical Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathologies were detected, including amyloid-beta, tau phosphorylation, and oxidative protein changes. Our results showed that proteasomal activity increased in the brains of diabetic rats compared to age-matched control rats. After proteasome inhibition, the levels of tau phosphorylation and protein oxidative modification significantly increased; however, no changes were detected in the pathway involved in amyloid production. These results indicated that changes in protein homeostasis balance in diabetes play a role in some typical AD-like changes, especially in oxidative protein degradation, providing evidence that prevention of diabetes-induced protein imbalance may be a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Shuai Jin
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- Zhalantun Vocational College, 20Th Zhongyang Road, Hulunbuir, NeiMonggol Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Gui Wu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- Zhuhai City People's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Na Wang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Li Yunqing Expert Workstation of Yunnan Province (No.202005AF150014), Dali University, 6Th Xue-Ren Road, Dali, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Combatting Nitrosative Stress and Inflammation with Novel Substituted Triazinoindole Inhibitors of Aldose Reductase in PC12 Cells Exposed to 6-Hydroxydopamine Plus High Glucose. Neurotox Res 2020; 39:210-226. [PMID: 33146867 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular redox dysregulation produced by aldose reductase (AR) in the presence of high blood sugar is a mechanism involved in neurodegeneration commonly observed in diabetes mellitus (DM) and Parkinson's disease (PD); therefore, AR is a key target for treatment of both diseases. The substituted triazinoindole derivatives 2-(3-thioxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5(3H)-yl) acetic acid (cemtirestat or CMTI) and 2-(3-oxo-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-5(3H)-yl) acetic acid (COTI) are well-known AR inhibitors (ARIs). The neuroprotective properties of CMTI, COTI, the clinically used epalrestat (EPA), and the pyridoindole antioxidants stobadine and SMe1EC2 were all tested in the neurotoxic models produced by hyperglycemic glucotoxicity (HG, 75 mM D-glucose, 72 h), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and HG+6-OHDA models in PC12 cells. Cell viability decreased in all toxic models, increased by 1-5 μM EPA, and decreased by COTI at ≥ 2.5 μM. In the HG model alone, where compounds were present in the medium for 24 h after a continuous 24-h exposure to HG, cell viability was improved by 100 nM-5 μM EPA, 1-10 μM ARIs, and the antioxidants studied, but decreased by EPA at ≥ 10 μM. In the 6-OHDA model alone, where cells were treated with compounds for 24 h and further exposed to 100 μM 6-OHDA (8 h), only the antioxidants protected cell viability. In the HG+6-OHDA model, where cells were treated with all compounds (1 nM to 50 μM) for 48 h and exposed to 75 mM glucose for 24 h followed by incubation with 6-OHDA for 8 h, cell viability was protected by 100 nM-10 μM ARIs and 100-500 nM EPA, but not by antioxidants. All ARIs inhibited the HG+6-OHDA-induced increase in iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, 3-NT, and total oxidant status at 1-50 μM, while increased SOD, CAT, GPx, and total antioxidant status at 1-10 μM. EPA and CMTI also reduced the HG+6-OHDA-induced increase in the cellular levels of nuclear factor kB (NF-KB). The neuroprotective potential of the novel ARIs and the pyridoindole antioxidants studied constitutes a promising tool for the development of therapeutic strategies against DM-induced and PD-related neurodegeneration.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ahmad Hajam Y, Rai S, Basheer M, Ghosh H, Singh S. Protective Role of Melatonin in Streptozotocin Induced Pancreatic Damages in Diabetic Wistar Rat. Pak J Biol Sci 2019; 21:423-431. [PMID: 30724043 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.423.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hyperglycemia is a representative hallmark and risk factor for diabetes and is closely linked to diabetes associated complications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of exogenous melatonin against the streptozotocin induced pancreatic damages in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Streptozotocin was injected for consecutive 6 days. Diabetes was confirmed by blood glucose measurement after 72 h and on 7th day after injection. Animals having blood glucose level above 250 mg dL-1 were considered as diabetic and were administered exogenous melatonin for 4 weeks. Animals were euthanized after last dose, pancreas were dissected out, weighed and fixed in Bouin's fixative for histology and further tissues were kept at -20°C for biochemistry. RESULTS Diabetic rats displayed significant increase in lipid peroxidation, but pancreatic weight index, antioxidant system (GSH, SOD and CAT) showed decrease. Melatonin treatment to diabetic rats restored the alteration in physiological and biochemical markers. Results were supported by the histopathological observations, STZ treated pancreas showed damage in islets of langerhans, while as melatonin treated diabetic rats recovered the cellular architecture which inturn normalize the function of the pancreas. CONCLUSION Therefore, melatonin might be considered as a molecule to protect the pancreatic damages.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sesame Lignans Suppress Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Senescence-Accelerated Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071582. [PMID: 31336975 PMCID: PMC6682928 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesame lignans, which are biologically active compounds present in sesame seeds and oil, are known to have neuroprotective effects in several models of brain dysfunction. However, the effects of sesame lignans on age-related brain dysfunction are not clear and were thus investigated in the present study using a senescence-accelerated mouse (SAMP10). Two-month-old male SAMP10 mice were administrated a basal diet with 0% or 0.05% sesame lignans for two months, or with 0%, 0.02%, or 0.05% sesame lignans for 10 months and subjected to step-through passive avoidance tasks and forced swim tests. Reactive carbonyl species (RCs) were evaluated as markers of oxidative stress using a recently developed comprehensive analytical method. Both learning time in passive avoidance tasks and immobile time in forced swim tests became longer with aging (p < 0.05). However, the administration of sesame lignans significantly ameliorated age-related effects in both tests (p < 0.05). Age-related increases in RCs such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in the cerebral cortex and liver were reduced in mice fed sesame lignans. These results suggest that sesame lignans can prevent age-related brain dysfunction via anti-oxidative activity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Haga H, Matsuo K, Yabuki Y, Zhang C, Han F, Fukunaga K. Enhancement of ATP production ameliorates motor and cognitive impairments in a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104492. [PMID: 31229554 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 30-40% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit cognitive impairments. However, there are currently no clinically effective drugs for the treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with PD. Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction such as decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production triggers dopaminergic neurodegeneration in patients with PD and that mitochondria represent a potential target for the development of novel treatments for preventing PD. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the cognition-enhancing effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) and 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl) piperazine dihydrochloride (SA4503) in mice with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism. PD model mice were generated via treatment with MPTP (25 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for 5 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the final injection of MPTP, mice were intraperitoneally injected with EP (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) or SA4503 (1 mg/kg) once a day for 4 weeks. Chronic administration of EP (100 mg/kg i.p.) or SA4503 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) improved both motor deficits and cognitive impairments in MPTP-treated mice. Furthermore, treatment with EP or SA4503 attenuated decreases in the levels of ATP and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc)/ventral tegmental area (VTA), striatum, and hippocampal CA1 region. Administration of EP or SA4503 protected the dopaminergic neurons from MPTP-induce toxicity and restored the dopamine levels in the striatum. Elevated 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal- (4-HNE-) and nitrotyrosine-reactive protein levels induced by MPTP-treatment were suppressed by EP or SA4503 treatment in the SNpc-VTA, striatum, and hippocampal CA1 region. These observations suggest that EP and SA4503 attenuate cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction in mice with MPTP-induced PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidaka Haga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yabuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31005, China
| | - Feng Han
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Majkutewicz I, Kurowska E, Podlacha M, Myślińska D, Grembecka B, Ruciński J, Pierzynowska K, Wrona D. Age-dependent effects of dimethyl fumarate on cognitive and neuropathological features in the streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res 2018; 1686:19-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
7
|
Ulusu NN, Gök M, Sayin Şakul AA, Ari N, Stefek M, Karasu Ç. Antioxidant SMe1EC2 modulates pentose phosphate pathway and glutathione-dependent enzyme activities in tissues of aged diabetic rats. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 10:148-154. [PMID: 30147422 PMCID: PMC6102677 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway and glutathione-associated metabolism are the main antioxidant cellular defense systems. This study investigated the effects of the powerful antioxidant SMe1EC2 (2-ethoxycarbonyl-8-methoxy-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b] indolinium dichloride) on pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and glutathione-dependent enzyme activities in aged diabetic and aged matched control rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection in rats aged 13-15 months. Diabetic and control rats were divided into two subgroups, one untreated and one treated with SMe1EC2 (10 mg/kg/day, orally) for 4 months. SMe1EC2 ameliorated body weight loss, but not hyperglycemia of aged diabetic rats. Diabetes resulted in decreased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), yet in unchanged glutathione reductase (GR) in the liver of aged diabetic rats. In the liver of the aged control rats, SMe1EC2 did not affect G6PDH, 6PGDH and GR, but it inhibited GST. SMe1EC2 also failed to affect diabetes-induced decline in 6PGDH, it ameliorated G6PDH but produced further decline in GST in the liver of aged diabetic rats. In the kidney of aged rats, G6PDH and GST were found to be comparable among the groups, but diabetes up-regulated 6PGDH and GR; these alterations were prevented by SMe1EC2. In the heart of aged diabetic rats, while GST remained unchanged, the recorded increase in G6PD, 6PGD, GR was prevented by SMe1EC2. Furthermore, an unchanged GR and remarkable increases in G6PD, 6PGD and GST were found in the lung of the aged diabetic group. These alterations were completely prevented by SMe1EC2. The results suggest that in aged rats SMe1EC2 can ameliorate the response of the kidney, heart and lung but not that of the liver against diabetes-induced glucotoxicity by interfering with the activity of redox network enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Nuriye Ulusu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müslüm Gök
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ayşe Sayin Şakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuray Ari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Milan Stefek
- Department of experimental Pharmacology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Çimen Karasu
- Cellular Stress Response & Signal Transduction Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bingül İ, Yılmaz Z, Aydın AF, Çoban J, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. Antiglycation and anti-oxidant efficiency of carnosine in the plasma and liver of aged rats. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2610-2614. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Bingül
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Zülbiye Yılmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - A. Fatih Aydın
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Jale Çoban
- Department of Biochemistry; Yeditepe University Medical Faculty; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Müjdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Z, Yang L, Lei L, Chen R, Chen H, Zhang H. Glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates advanced oxidation protein product-mediated damage in islet microvascular endothelial cells partly through the RAGE pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1161-9. [PMID: 27574116 PMCID: PMC5029952 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) are knownt to play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases and related complications. However, whether AOPPs affect the survival of islet microvascular endothelial cells (IMECs) has not been reported to date, at least to the best of our knowledge. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying AOPP-mediated damage in IMECs and the protective role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which has been suggested to exert beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. IMECs were treated with AOPPs (0-200 µg/ml) for 0-72 h in the presence or absence of GLP-1 (100 nmol/l). Apoptosis, cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were examined, the expression levels of p53, Bax, receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and NAD(P)H oxidase subunit were determined, and the activity of NAD(P)H oxidase, caspase-9 and caspase-3 was also determined. The results revealed that AOPPs increased the expression of RAGE, p47phox and p22phox; induced NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent ROS generation, increased p53 and Bax expression, enhanced the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and induced cell apoptosis. Treatment with GLP-1 decreased the expression of RAGE, inhibited NAD(P)H oxidase activity, decreased cell apoptosis and increased cell viability. On the whole, our findings indicate that AOPPs induce the apoptosis of IMECs via the RAGE-NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent pathway and that treatment with GLP-1 effectively reverses these detrimental effects by decreasing AOPP-induced RAGE expression and restoring the redox balance. Our data may indicate that GLP-1 may prove to be beneficial in attenuating the progression of diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Rongping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Knaś M, Maciejczyk M, Daniszewska I, Klimiuk A, Matczuk J, Kołodziej U, Waszkiel D, Ładny JR, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Zalewska A. Oxidative Damage to the Salivary Glands of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes-Temporal Study: Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Salivary Glands. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:4583742. [PMID: 27478848 PMCID: PMC4961808 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4583742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. This study evaluated oxidative damage caused to the salivary glands in streptozotocin-induced diabetes (DM). Materials and Methods. Rats were divided into 4 groups: groups 1 and 2, control rats, and groups 3 and 4, DM rats. 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), protein carbonyl (PC), 4-hydroxynonenal protein adduct (4-HNE), oxidized and/or MDA-modified LDL-cholesterol (oxy-LDL/MDA), 8-isoprostanes (8-isoP), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured at 7 (groups 1 and 3) and 14 (groups 2 and 4) days of experiment. Results. The unstimulated salivary flow in DM rats was reduced in the 2nd week, while the stimulated flow was decreased throughout the duration of the experiment versus control. OSI was elevated in both diabetic glands in the 1st and 2nd week, whereas 8-isoP and 8-OHdG were higher only in the parotid gland in the second week. PC and 4-HNE were increased in the 1st and 2nd week, whereas oxy-LDL/MDA was increased in the 2nd week in the diabetic parotid glands. Conclusions. Diabetes induces oxidative damage of the salivary glands, which seems to be caused by processes taking place in the salivary glands, independently of general oxidative stress. The parotid glands are more vulnerable to oxidative damage in these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Knaś
- Department of Health Care, Higher Vocational School, Noniewicza 10 Street, 16-400 Suwalki, Poland
| | - M. Maciejczyk
- Students' Scientific Group “Stomatological Biochemistry”, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej M.C. 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - I. Daniszewska
- Specialist Dental Practice, I. Daniszewska, Żeromskiego 5 Street, 15-225 Bialystok, Poland
| | - A. Klimiuk
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University Bialystok, Sklodowskiej M.C. 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - J. Matczuk
- County Veterinary Inspection, Zwycięstwa 26B Street, 15-959 Bialystok, Poland
| | - U. Kołodziej
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University Bialystok, Sklodowskiej M.C. 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - D. Waszkiel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University Bialystok, Sklodowskiej M.C. 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - J. R. Ładny
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Disaster, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - M. Żendzian-Piotrowska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - A. Zalewska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University Bialystok, Sklodowskiej M.C. 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
- *A. Zalewska:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gök M, Ulusu NN, Tarhan N, Tufan C, Ozansoy G, Arı N, Karasu Ç. Flaxseed Protects Against Diabetes-Induced Glucotoxicity by Modulating Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Glutathione-Dependent Enzyme Activities in Rats. J Diet Suppl 2015; 13:339-51. [PMID: 26317558 DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2015.1036188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) intake on general metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and glutathione-dependent enzymes in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (40 mg/kg, i.p.) and the enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically. Diabetic and control rats were divided in two subgroups, one untreated, and one treated with flaxseed (0.714 g/kg body weight/day; orally) for 12 weeks. Flaxseed ameliorated decreased body weight (p < .05) and increased blood glucose (p < .001), triglyceride (p < .001), ALT (p < .001) and AST (p < .001) in diabetic rats. Diabetes resulted in increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) (p < .05) and decreased glutathione-S-transferase (GST) (p < .01), but unchanged 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and glutathione reductase (GR) in the brain of rats. These alterations were partially improved by flaxseed in comparison to diabetic untreated group (p < .05). G6PD, 6PGD, GR were elevated (p < .001), while GST unchanged in the lung of diabetic untreated group compared to control. Flaxseed partially prevented the increase in 6PGD (p < .05) and GR (p < .01), but unaffected G6PD in the lung of diabetic rats. G6PD (p < .001), 6PGD (p < .05), GR (p < .001) were augmented, while GST showed a significant (p < .001) depletion in the pancreas of diabetic untreated rats compared to control. Diabetic alterations observed in pancreatic enzyme activities were significantly prevented by flaxseed. Furthermore, a remarkable decrease in 6PGD (p < .001) and an increase in G6PD (threefold of control) were found in the lens of diabetic untreated group that were completely prevented by flaxseed (p < .001). Flaxseed has beneficial effects against diabetes-induced glucotoxicity by modulating G6PD, 6PGD, GR and GST activities in tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Müslüm Gök
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nuray N Ulusu
- b Department of Biochemistry , School of Medicine, Koç University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Nilay Tarhan
- c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Can Tufan
- c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Gülgün Ozansoy
- c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nuray Arı
- c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Çimen Karasu
- d Cellular Stress Response & Signal Transduction Research Laboratory , Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prevention of protein glycation by natural compounds. Molecules 2015; 20:3309-34. [PMID: 25690291 PMCID: PMC6272653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20023309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic protein glycosylation (glycation) contributes to many diseases and aging of organisms. It can be expected that inhibition of glycation may prolong the lifespan. The search for inhibitors of glycation, mainly using in vitro models, has identified natural compounds able to prevent glycation, especially polyphenols and other natural antioxidants. Extrapolation of results of in vitro studies on the in vivo situation is not straightforward due to differences in the conditions and mechanism of glycation, and bioavailability problems. Nevertheless, available data allow to postulate that enrichment of diet in natural anti-glycating agents may attenuate glycation and, in consequence, ageing.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ergin V, Bali EB, Hariry RE, Karasu C. Natural products and the aging process. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2015; 16:55-64. [PMID: 25436747 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2013-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Literature surveys show that the most of the research that have been conducted on the effect of herbal remedies on many tissue pathologies, including metabolic disturbances, cardiovascular decline, neurodegeneration, cataract, diabetic retinopathy and skin inflammation, all lead to an accelerated aging process. The increased carbonylation of proteins (carbonyl stress) disturbing their function has been indicated as an underlying mechanism of cellular senescence and age-related diseases. Because it is also linked to the carbonyl stress, aging chronic disease and inflammation plays an important role in understanding the clinical implications of cellular stress response and relevant markers. Greater knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in several pathologies associated with aging would provide a better understanding to help us to develop suitable strategies, use specific targets to mitigate the effect of human aging, prevent particularly chronic degenerative diseases and improve quality of life. However, research is lacking on the herbal compounds affecting cellular aging signaling as well as studies regarding the action mechanism(s) of natural products in prevention of the age-related disease. This review provides leads for identifying new medicinal agents or potential phytochemical drugs from plant sources for the prevention or delaying cellular aging processes and the treatment of some disorders related with accelerated body aging.
Collapse
|
14
|
Markers of Oxidative Stress during Diabetes Mellitus. J Biomark 2013; 2013:378790. [PMID: 26317014 PMCID: PMC4437365 DOI: 10.1155/2013/378790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising all over the world. Uncontrolled state of hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion/action leads to a variety of complications including peripheral vascular diseases, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, morbidity, and/or mortality. Large body of evidence suggests major role of reactive oxygen species/oxidative stress in development and progression of diabetic complications. In the present paper, we have discussed the recent researches on the biomarkers of oxidative stress during type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yabuki Y, Fukunaga K. Oral administration of glutathione improves memory deficits following transient brain ischemia by reducing brain oxidative stress. Neuroscience 2013; 250:394-407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
Ergin V, Hariry RE, Karasu C. Carbonyl stress in aging process: role of vitamins and phytochemicals as redox regulators. Aging Dis 2013; 4:276-94. [PMID: 24124633 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2013.0400276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing scientific agreement that the cellular redox regulators such as antioxidants, particularly the natural polyphenolic forms, may help lower the incidence of some pathologies, including metabolic diseases like diabetes and diabesity, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative abnormalities, and certain cancers or even have anti-aging properties. The recent researches indicate that the degree of metabolic modulation and adaptation response of cells to reductants as well as oxidants establish their survival and homeostasis, which is linked with very critical balance in imbalances in cellular redox capacity and signaling, and that might be an answer the questions why some antioxidants or phytochemicals potentially could do more harm than good, or why some proteins lose their function by increase interactions with glyco- and lipo-oxidation mediates in the cells (carbonyl stress). Nonetheless, pursue of healthy aging has led the use of antioxidants as a means to disrupt age-associated physiological dysfunctions, dysregulated metabolic processes or prevention of many age-related diseases. Although it is still early to define their exact clinical benefits for treating age-related disease, a diet rich in polyphenolic or other forms of antioxidants does seem to offer hope in delaying the onset of age-related disorders. It is now clear that any deficiency in antioxidant vitamins, inadequate enzymatic antioxidant defenses can distinctive for many age-related disease, and protein carbonylation can used as an indicator of oxidative stress associated diseases and aging status. This review examines antioxidant compounds and plant polyphenols as redox regulators in health, disease and aging processes with hope that a better understanding of the many mechanisms involved with these distinct compounds, which may lead to better health and novel treatment approaches for age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Ergin
- Cellular Stress Response and Signal Transduction Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Su Y, Qadri SM, Wu L, Liu L. Methylglyoxal modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase-associated functions in EA.hy926 endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:134. [PMID: 24050620 PMCID: PMC4015749 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of the sugar metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) in vivo were shown to participate in the pathophysiology of vascular complications in diabetes. Alterations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity by hypophosphorylation of the enzyme and enhanced monomerization are found in the diabetic milieu, and the regulation of this still remains undefined. Using various pharmacological approaches, we elucidate putative mechanisms by which MG modulates eNOS-associated functions of MG-stimulated superoxide O₂•⁻ production, phosphorylation status and eNOS uncoupling in EA.hy926 human endothelial cells. METHODS In cultured EA.hy926 endothelial cells, the effects of MG treatment, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4; 100 μM) and sepiapterin (20 μM) supplementation, NOS inhibition by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 50 μM), and inhibition of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) formation (300 μM Tempol plus 50 μM L-NAME) on eNOS dimer/monomer ratios, Ser-1177 eNOS phosphorylation and 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) abundance were quantified using immunoblotting. O₂•⁻-dependent fluorescence was determined using a commercially available kit and tissue biopterin levels were measured by fluorometric HPLC analysis. RESULTS In EA.hy926 cells, MG treatment significantly enhanced O₂•⁻ generation and 3NT expression and reduced Ser-1177 eNOS phosphorylation, eNOS dimer/monomer ratio and cellular biopterin levels indicative of eNOS uncoupling. These effects were significantly mitigated by administration of BH4, sepiapterin and suppression of ONOO⁻ formation. L-NAME treatment significantly blunted eNOS-derived O₂•⁻ generation but did not modify eNOS phosphorylation or monomerization. CONCLUSION MG triggers eNOS uncoupling and hypophosphorylation in EA.hy926 endothelial cells associated with O₂•⁻ generation and biopterin depletion. The observed effects of the glycolysis metabolite MG presumably account, at least in part, for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University and Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| |
Collapse
|