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Di Daniele N, Celotto R, Alunni Fegatelli D, Gabriele M, Rovella V, Scuteri A. Common Carotid Artery Calcification Impacts on Cognitive Function in Older Patients. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2019; 26:127-134. [PMID: 30779026 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive impairment and dementia represent an emerging health problem. Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors contribute to cognitive impairment. AIM To investigate the effect of vascular calcification on cognitive impairment and dementia, independently of plaque and traditional CV risk factors. METHODS Four hundred and sixty-nine patients (age of 78.6 ± 6.1 years, 74.4% women) were studied. Traditional CV risk factors levels, cognitive function (MMSE), brain CT scan, and other vascular parameters were measured. Common Carotid Artery (CCA) plaque and calcification were evaluated by ultrasound. RESULTS CCA calcification was associated with a lower MMSE score than in subjects with no CCA calcification (23.7 ± 0.3 versus 25.5 ± 0.8; p = 0.015), after controlling for age, sex, education, blood pressure levels, diabetes, creatinine, lipid lowering therapy, neuroimaging alteration, and CCA plaque. Similarly, CCA calcification was associated with higher odds of dementia regardless of the presence of CCA plaque (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.01-2.94, p < 0.05). This trend was not observed when stratifying patients according to the presence of CCA plaque. CONCLUSION CCA calcification is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia, independently of established CV risk factors and CCA plaque. The impact of arterial calcification on cognition seems largely independent of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Di Daniele
- Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Policinico Tor Vergata, Universita'di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Celotto
- Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Policinico Tor Vergata, Universita'di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Gabriele
- Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Policinico Tor Vergata, Universita'di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Policinico Tor Vergata, Universita'di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Scuteri
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
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Badji A, Noriega de la Colina A, Karakuzu A, Duval T, Desjardins-Crépeau L, Joubert S, Bherer L, Lamarre-Cliche M, Stikov N, Girouard H, Cohen-Adad J. Arterial stiffness and white matter integrity in the elderly: A diffusion tensor and magnetization transfer imaging study. Neuroimage 2018; 186:577-585. [PMID: 30448213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The stiffness of large arteries and increased pulsatility can have an impact on the brain white matter (WM) microstructure, however those mechanisms are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between central artery stiffness, axonal and myelin integrity in 54 cognitively unimpaired elderly subjects (65-75 years old). METHODS The neuronal fiber integrity of brain WM was assessed using diffusion tensor metrics and magnetization transfer imaging as measures of axonal organization (Fractional anisotropy, Radial diffusivity) and state of myelination (Myelin volume fraction). Central artery stiffness was measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Statistical analyses included 4 regions (the corpus callosum, the internal capsule, the corona radiata and the superior longitudinal fasciculus) which have been previously denoted as vulnerable to increased central artery stiffness. RESULTS cfPWV was significantly associated with fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) but not with myelin volume fraction. Findings from this study also show that improved executive function performance correlates with Fractional anisotropy positively (p < 0.05 corrected) as well as with myelin volume fraction and radial diffusivity negatively (p < 0.05 corrected). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that arterial stiffness is associated with axon degeneration rather than demyelination. Controlling arterial stiffness may play a role in maintaining the health of WM axons in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef Badji
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (UNF), Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrián Noriega de la Colina
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (UNF), Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Agah Karakuzu
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tanguy Duval
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Desjardins-Crépeau
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (UNF), Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sven Joubert
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (UNF), Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Lamarre-Cliche
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nikola Stikov
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Girouard
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (UNF), Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Cohen-Adad
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (UNF), Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
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