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Fekete M, Major D, Feher A, Fazekas-Pongor V, Lehoczki A. Geroscience and pathology: a new frontier in understanding age-related diseases. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611623. [PMID: 38463143 PMCID: PMC10922957 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Geroscience, a burgeoning discipline at the intersection of aging and disease, aims to unravel the intricate relationship between the aging process and pathogenesis of age-related diseases. This paper explores the pivotal role played by geroscience in reshaping our understanding of pathology, with a particular focus on age-related diseases. These diseases, spanning cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, malignancies, and neurodegenerative conditions, significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality of older individuals. We delve into the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning aging, including mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence, and elucidate their profound implications for the pathogenesis of various age-related diseases. Emphasis is placed on the importance of assessing key biomarkers of aging and biological age within the realm of pathology. We also scrutinize the interplay between cellular senescence and cancer biology as a central area of focus, underscoring its paramount significance in contemporary pathological research. Moreover, we shed light on the integration of anti-aging interventions that target fundamental aging processes, such as senolytics, mitochondria-targeted treatments, and interventions that influence epigenetic regulation within the domain of pathology research. In conclusion, the integration of geroscience concepts into pathological research heralds a transformative paradigm shift in our understanding of disease pathogenesis and promises breakthroughs in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Major
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agnes Feher
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Departments of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Saint Ladislaus Campus, Budapest, Hungary
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Xu L, Zeng X, Liu Y, Wu Z, Zheng X, Zhang X. Inhibitory effect of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide on oxidative damage of glial cells in aging mice by regulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125787. [PMID: 37437678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides extracted from Dendrobium officinale have various physiological effects. In this study, we used D-galactose-induced senescent mice as an animal model to investigate the inhibitory effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) on oxidative damage in glial cells by attenuating oxidative stress and modulating the gut microbiota. The results showed that DOP significantly alleviated the activation of glial cells, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the MDA content in senescent mice. In addition, DOP reshaped the disordered gut microbiota, decreased the abundance ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus. DOP may reverse the gut microbiota disturbance and alleviate the oxidative damage of glial cells, therefore exert potential neuroprotective effects by modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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Ishida T, Heck AM, Varnum-Finney B, Dozono S, Nourigat-McKay C, Kraskouskas K, Wellington R, Waltner O, Root, Jackson DL, Delaney C, Rafii S, Bernstein ID, Trapnell, Hadland B. Differentiation latency and dormancy signatures define fetal liver HSCs at single cell resolution. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.01.543314. [PMID: 37333272 PMCID: PMC10274697 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.01.543314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Decoding the gene regulatory mechanisms mediating self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during their amplification in the fetal liver (FL) is relevant for advancing therapeutic applications aiming to expand transplantable HSCs, a long-standing challenge. Here, to explore intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of self-renewal in FL-HSCs at the single cell level, we engineered a culture platform designed to recapitulate the FL endothelial niche, which supports the amplification of serially engraftable HSCs ex vivo. Leveraging this platform in combination with single cell index flow cytometry, serial transplantation assays, and single cell RNA-sequencing, we elucidated previously unrecognized heterogeneity in immunophenotypically defined FL-HSCs and demonstrated that differentiation latency and transcriptional signatures of biosynthetic dormancy are distinguishing properties of self-renewing FL-HSCs with capacity for serial, long-term multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution. Altogether, our findings provide key insights into HSC expansion and generate a novel resource for future exploration of the intrinsic and niche-derived signaling pathways that support FL-HSC self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ishida
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam M. Heck
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katie Kraskouskas
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rachel Wellington
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Olivia Waltner
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Root
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colleen Delaney
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Deverra Therapeutics, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irwin D. Bernstein
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Chen B, Yi J, Xu Y, Wen H, Tian F, Liu Y, Xiao L, Li L, Liu B. Apolipoprotein E knockout may affect cognitive function in D-galactose-induced aging mice through the gut microbiota–brain axis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:939915. [PMID: 36188475 PMCID: PMC9520596 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.939915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an important role in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) can affect the composition of the gut microbiota and is closely related to the CNS. However, the mechanism by which ApoE affects cognitive dysfunction through the gut microbiota–brain axis has thus far not been investigated. In this study, we used wild-type mice and ApoE knockout (ApoE–/–) mice to replicate the aging model and examined the effects of ApoE deletion on cognitive function, hippocampal ultrastructure, synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) in aging mice. We also explored whether ApoE deletion affects the gut microbiota and the metabolite profile of the hippocampus in aging mice and finally examined the effect of ApoE deletion on lipids and oxidative stress in aging mice. The results showed that the deletion of ApoE aggravated cognitive dysfunction, hippocampal synaptic ultrastructural damage and dysregulation of SYP and PSD-95 expression in aging mice. Furthermore, ApoE deletion reduced gut microbial makeup in aging mice. Further studies showed that ApoE deletion altered the hippocampal metabolic profile and aggravated dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in aging mice. In brief, our findings suggest that loss of ApoE alters the composition of the gut microbiota, which in turn may affect cognitive function in aging mice through the gut microbiota–brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqian Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqiao Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fengming Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yingfei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lisong Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Baiyan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Baiyan Liu,
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